Abstract: By the moving picture coding method and the moving picture decoding method, it is possible to improve coding efficiency. The moving picture coding apparatus includes a merge block candidate calculation unit that (i) specifies merge block candidates at merge mode, by using colpic information such as motion vectors and reference picture index values of neighbor blocks of a current block to be coded and a motion vector and the like of a collocated block of the current block which are stored in a colPic memory, and (ii) generates a combined merge block by using the merge block candidates.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data encoding method is a three-dimensional data encoding method of encoding a three-dimensional point having attribute information. The three-dimensional data encoding method includes: calculating a predicted value of the attribute information of the three-dimensional point; calculating a prediction residual which is a difference between the attribute information of the three-dimensional point and the predicted value; binarizing the prediction residual to generate binary data; and arithmetic encoding the binary data. For example, the three-dimensional data encoding method may use, in the arithmetic encoding, a different coding table for each bit included in the binary data.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node sets a downlink transmission timing of the IAB node relative to a downlink reception timing of the IAB node based on a first set of values for a set of timing parameters, receives, from a parent IAB node of the IAB node, a second set of values for the set of timing parameters, and transmits, to a positioning entity, a report indicating a change from the first set of values to the second set of values, a new downlink transmission timing based on the second set of values, or a change in downlink transmission timing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to deblocking filtering, which may be advantageously applied for block-wise encoding and decoding of images or video signals. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an improved memory management in an automated decision on whether to apply or skip deblocking filtering for a block and to selection of the deblocking filter. The decision is performed on the basis of a segmentation of blocks in such a manner that memory usage is optimized. Preferably, the selection of appropriate deblocking filters is improved so as to reduce computational expense.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to decoding and encoding signals. A method of performing signal enhancement operations on one or more portions of a signal is described, wherein the performing is based at least in part on information embedded in one or more values received in one or more encoded data layers transmitted within a stream of encoded data, and wherein said values are associated with transformed coefficients intended to be processed by a decoder for deriving elements of the signal, wherein the information indicates an impairment associated with a portion of the signal.

Abstract: Object There is the problem in the related art that the relationship between a patch size which is a unit of processing of a neural network and the sizes of input and output pictures is not clearly defined.

Abstract: A method for deriving a value for a first syntax element, Syntax_A. The method comprises determining whether Syntax_A is present in a bitstream. The method comprises, as a result of determining that Syntax_A is not present in the bitstream, deriving the value for Syntax_A to be equal to a first value, B, if a first condition is satisfied, or deriving the value for Syntax_A to be equal to a second value, C, if a second condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A method of decoding a bitstream by an electronic device is provided. The method receives an image frame of a bitstream and determines a block unit having a block width and a block height based on the received image frame. The method determines whether a geometric partitioning mode is disabled for the block unit based on a comparison between the block width and the block height. The method divides the block unit to generate multiple sub-blocks predicted by different merge candidates of the block unit when the geometric partitioning mode is enabled and applied on the block unit. The predicted block is generated by predicting block unit based on a prediction mode different from the geometric partitioning mode when the geometric partitioning mode is disabled for the block unit. The method them reconstructs the block unit based on the predicted block.

Abstract: Memory required during decoding is reduced. A video image decoding device (1) is equipped with main direction deriving means (1453A) that references a prediction mode definition DEFPM(1), and from a prediction mode number, derives a main direction of a prediction direction corresponding to a prediction mode, and a gradient deriver (1453B) that references a gradient definition table DEFANG(1), and derives a gradient of the prediction direction.

Abstract: An image encoding device 1 of the present disclosure includes a neighboring pixel non-reference predictor 11 configured to generate a predicted image by a predetermined neighboring pixel non-reference prediction for each pixel signal of an original image in a block unit, a filter processor 12 configured to perform a low-pass filter process on a prediction signal located at a boundary of a block of the predicted image by using a decoded neighboring signal neighboring to the predicted image under a predetermined control, a prediction residual signal generator 55 configured to generate a prediction residual signal of the block unit by using the predicted image, an orthogonal transformer 14 configured to perform an orthogonal transformation process on the prediction residual signal of the block unit under the predetermined control, and an orthogonal transformation selection controller 25 configured to control the filter processor 12 and the orthogonal transformer 14 and generate a predetermined transformation typ

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums for video encoding/decoding. An apparatus includes processing circuitry that partitions a current block of a current picture based on a geometric partitioning mode (GPM). The current block is partitioned into two partitions in the GPM mode. Each of the partitions is associated with a respective predictor. A weighting index for a sample of the current block is determined based on a position of the sample. A weighting factor is calculated based on the weighting index of the sample according to an equation that converts the weighting index to the weighting factor. The sample is encoded based on the weighting factor and the predictor corresponding to the sample.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing device including a decoding section that decodes an encoded stream to generate an image, a line determining section that determines whether to apply a deblocking filter to each of lines perpendicular to a boundary in neighboring blocks neighboring across the boundary in the image generated by the decoding section, and a filtering section that applies the deblocking filter to each line to which the line determining section determines to apply the deblocking filter.

Abstract: There is provided a method for estimating weighted prediction parameters intended to be used for predicting an image block.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing software and hardware based solutions to the problem of synthesizing noise for a digital image. According to one aspect, a probability image is generated and noise blocks are randomly placed at locations in the probability image where the locations have probability values that are compared to a threshold criterion, creating a synthesized noise image. Embodiments include generating synthesized film grain images and synthesized digital camera noise images.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of encoding an input signal, the method comprising: receiving a base encoded signal, the base encoded signal being generated by feeding an encoder with a down-sampled version of an input signal; producing a first residual signal by: decoding the base encoded signal to produce a first decoded signal; and using a difference between the base decoded signal and the down-sampled version of the input signal to produce the first residual signal; producing a second residual signal by: correcting the base decoded signal using the residual signal to create a corrected decoded version; up-sampling the corrected decoded version; and using a difference between the up-sampled corrected decoded signal and the input signal to produce the second residual signal; wherein the up-sampling is one of bilinear or bicubic up-sampling. A corresponding decoding method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An encoder which transforms a current block to be encoded in an image to encode the current block includes circuitry and memory. The circuitry, using the memory: determines a plurality of first transform basis candidates and transforms the current block using a transform basis included in the plurality of first transform basis candidates determined, when the current block has a first size; and determines one or more second transform basis candidates different from the plurality of first transform basis candidates and transforms the current block using a transform basis included in the one or more second transform basis candidates determined, when the current block has a second size larger than the first size.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction using a plurality of reference sample lines are provided. An image decoding method may comprise configuring a plurality of reference sample lines, reconstructing an intra prediction mode of a current block, and performing intra prediction for the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the plurality of reference sample lines.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a processor includes: a fetch circuit to fetch instructions, the instructions including a sum of squared differences (SSD) instruction; a decode circuit to decode the SSD instruction; and an execution circuit to, during an execution of the decoded SSD instruction, generate an SSD output vector based on a plurality of input vectors, the SSD output vector including a plurality of squared differences values. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An image capture device for recording HDR (high dynamic range) image data obtained through image capture performs control so as to, when encoding HDR image data obtained by capturing an image with an image sensor, divide part of the HDR image data corresponding to a coding area to be encoded into a plurality of divided HDR image data, encode each of the plurality of divided HDR image data by using encoding means, and record the plurality of divided HDR image data that are encoded on a recording medium in a predetermined recording format.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding a video signal are disclosed. A method for decoding a video signal includes obtaining block type information of a current block, confirming a prediction mode of the current block based on the block type information, obtaining, if the prediction mode of the current block is an intra prediction mode according to the prediction mode, at least one correlation parameter information using at least one neighboring pixel of the current block, obtaining an intra prediction value of the current block using the correlation parameter information, and reconstructing the current block using the intra prediction value of the current block.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction using a plurality of reference sample lines are provided. An image decoding method may comprise configuring a plurality of reference sample lines, reconstructing an intra prediction mode of a current block, and performing intra prediction for the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the plurality of reference sample lines.

Abstract: Examples relate to an encoding apparatus, encoding device, encoding method, computer program and to a corresponding computer system. An encoding apparatus comprises processing circuitry configured to encode at least two video streams to perform video compression encoding using one or more encoders, wherein the one or more encoders are each configured to deter-mine an encoding context based on the video stream processed by the respective encoder, the encoding context comprising at least one or more reference frames determined by the respective encoder. The processing circuitry is configured to store at least one of the encoding contexts determined by the one or more encoders in a shared memory portion of the memory circuitry that is accessible to the one or more encoders. The processing circuitry is configured to proceed, using the one or more encoders, with encoding the at least two video streams based on an encoding context stored in the shared memory portion.

Abstract: A method of video decoding includes determining reconstructed samples of a first color component in a filter support region of a current picture that is a part of a coded video sequence, and performing a cross-component sample offset (CCSO) filter process on the reconstructed samples of the first color component in the filter support region to generate an output offset value. The method also includes scaling the output offset value based on the reconstructed samples of the first color component in the filter support region, and reconstructing samples of a second color component in the filter support region based on the scaled output offset value. The second color component is different from the first color component.

Abstract: Improved video coding and decoding techniques are described, including techniques to derive quantization step sizes adaptively with quantization step size table templates. Quantization techniques described provide finer-grained control over quantization with a more flexible quantization step size especially at higher degrees of quantization. This may result in improved overall compression quality. Other coding parameters, such as in-loop filtering parameters, may be derived based on the more flexible quantization parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encoding method and decoding method, and a device using the same. The encoding method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: specifying an intra prediction mode for a current block; and scanning a residual signal by intra prediction of the current block, wherein the step of scanning the residual signal can determine a scanning type for a luminance signal and a chroma signal of the current block according to an intra prediction mode for a luminance sample of the current block.

Abstract: Improved video coding and decoding techniques are described, including techniques to derive quantization step sizes adaptively with quantization step size table templates. Quantization techniques described provide finer-grained control over quantization with a more flexible quantization step size especially at higher degrees of quantization. This may result in improved overall compression quality. Other coding parameters, such as in-loop filtering parameters, may be derived based on the more flexible quantization parameters.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for video processing. In some examples, an apparatus for video processing includes processing circuitry. For example, processing circuitry determines a frame interval for a current block in a current frame within a sequence of frames. The frame interval indicates a group of frames in the sequence of frames with collocated blocks of the current block that satisfy an error metric requirement comparing to the current block. Further, the processing circuitry determines a replacement block based on the collocated blocks in the group of frames, and replaces the current block in the current frame with the replacement block.

Abstract: Input/output filter units for use in a graphics processing unit include a first buffer configured to store data received from, and output to, a first component of the graphics processing unit; a second buffer configured to store data received from, and output to, a second component of the graphics processing unit; a weight buffer configured to store filter weights; a filter bank configurable to perform any of a plurality of types of filtering on a set of input data, the plurality of types of filtering comprising one or more texture filtering types and one or more pixel filtering types; and control logic configured to cause the filter bank to: (i) perform one of the plurality of types of filtering on a set of data stored in one of the first and second buffers using a set of weights stored, and (ii) store the results of the filtering in one of the first and second buffers.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for constrained de-blocking filter are disclosed. One method receives input data related to a current block in a current picture at a video encoder side or a video bitstream corresponding to compressed data including the current block in the current picture at a video decoder side, and determines a first boundary associated with the current block, wherein the first boundary corresponds to one vertical boundary or one horizontal boundary of the current block. The method then applies de-blocking process to a reconstructed current block corresponding to the current block to result in a filtered-reconstructed current block, using a plurality of first reference samples at a same side of the first boundary, and replaces a first set of the first reference samples by one or more padding values. The method then generates a filtered decoded picture including the filtered-reconstructed current block.

Abstract: A scaling unit (30) (quantization processing unit) quantizes a coding target image divided into blocks. A coefficient determination unit (47) (coefficient change unit) changes a coefficient value in a specific frequency range among quantization coefficients corresponding to respective sub-blocks calculated by the scaling unit (30) by quantization. Thus, the image coding device (10) determines a final position of a coefficient just by counting the number of appearances of non-zero coefficients, and thus corrects the quantization coefficients without correcting coding distortion by iterative operation.

Abstract: By the moving picture coding method and the moving picture decoding method, it is possible to improve coding efficiency. The moving picture coding apparatus includes a merge block candidate calculation unit that (i) specifies merge block candidates at merge mode, by using colpic information such as motion vectors and reference picture index values of neighbor blocks of a current block to be coded and a motion vector and the like of a collocated block of the current block which are stored in a colPic memory, and (ii) generates a combined merge block by using the merge block candidates.

Abstract: Various schemes for realizing efficient in-loop filtering are described, manifested in low latency and reduced hardware cost for an in-loop filter comprising at least two filtering stages. An apparatus receives pixel data of a current block of a picture and one or more neighboring blocks thereof, based on which the apparatus performs a filtering operation and generates a filtered block that includes completely filtered sub-blocks and partially filtered sub-blocks. The apparatus further outputs an output block that includes the completely filtered sub-blocks as well as a respective portion of each of the partially filtered sub-blocks, wherein the respective portion is adjacent to one of the completely filtered sub-blocks.

Abstract: An image coding method includes: deriving a candidate for a motion vector of a current block from a co-located motion vector; adding the candidate to a list; selecting the motion vector of the current block from the list; and coding the current block, wherein the deriving includes: deriving the candidate by a first derivation scheme in the case of determining that each of a current reference picture and a co-located reference picture is a long-term reference picture; and deriving the candidate by a second derivation scheme in the case of determining that each of the current reference picture and the co-located reference picture is a short-term reference picture.

Abstract: A method of video processing includes determining a target bitrate for a current video unit of a video that is based on a rate distortion function in which a rate portion is weighted using lambda, wherein lambda is a rational number and wherein lambda is an adaptively adjusted for each video unit of the video and performing a conversion between the current video unit and a bitstream of the video.

Abstract: A method for a video encoder includes steps of: receiving a series of input frames; performing at least one of intra-prediction and inter-prediction on the series of input frames for generating at least one of an intra frame (I-frame), a predictive frame (P-frame), and a key predictive frame (key P-frame); generating an encoded bitstream with respect to a first input frame determined as the I-frame among the series of input frames; and performing inter-prediction on a second input frame determined as a key P-frame among the series of input frames according to a first reference frame which is derived from the encoded bitstream with respect to the first input frame.

Abstract: A transcoding process may be performed in parallel, which may include different nodes processing different segments of a media file at different times. Different time slices of media files may have different properties, which may lead to errors when media files are encoded for later playback. Extracting metadata from frames of media files and evaluating the frames for discrepancies enables creation of a reconciliation manifest to correct discrepancies associated with the media file. As the transcoding process is performed, the reconciliation manifest may be reference to generate an output media file.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an automated adaptive bitrate (“ABR”) encoding system and method that encodes an input video into a set of encoded video streams for ABR delivery, also known as an ABR ladder. The automated ABR encoding system encodes the input video into an initial number of speculative encodings, based on respectively determined resolution and quality level settings for the individual speculative encodings. It then estimates quality scores for a plurality of potential output encodings based on respective output statistics of the speculative encodings. It selects a plurality of better quality output encodings from the plurality of potential output encodings based on the quality scores. It then encodes the input video a second time into the plurality of better quality output encodings. The automated ABR encoding system selects one or more output encodings from the plurality of better quality output encodings to include in the ABR ladder.

Abstract: The method for intra frame prediction allows for the recovery of some intra directional modes that are otherwise rendered useless due to the classical padding process. Directional modes are recovered by filling pixel locations in the prediction unit with samples from the portion of the unit that is determined to have samples available for use using a counterpart directional mode to the one that is useless. When it is determined that reference samples are missing for a particular prediction unit or portion thereof given a particular directional mode, a determination is made about whether reference samples along another portion of the prediction unit are available. The other portion is the side of the prediction unit at an opposite end of the particular directional mode.

Abstract: An image processing method includes extracting a first region in a first image by inputting the first image to a pretrained neural network, upscaling a resolution of the first region by performing neural network-based super resolution processing on the first region, and upscaling a resolution of a second region in the first image from which the first region is excluded by performing interpolation on the second region.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for cloud gaming. One system includes a plurality of computing resources in one or more data centers. The plurality of computing resources is configured to execute instances of games for client devices that are remote from the one or more data centers. Each instance for an executable game is associated with a processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and memory for storing video frames generated for the executable game. The video frames are compressed for video game streaming to one or more client devices. The executable game provides video and audio and receives input from said one or more client devices. The input is provided to control interactivity of the executable game during said video game streaming. The cloud gaming system uses said received input from said one or more client devices to drive instances of the executable game when executed by the computing resources of the one or more data centers.

Abstract: In one implementation, a method of encoding an image is performed at a device including one or more processors and non-transitory memory. The method includes determining a category of a spatial portion of an image based on a relation between a plurality of thresholds associated with a plurality of quantization scaling parameters and a bit rate of the spatial portion of the image at the plurality of quantization scaling parameters. The method includes quantizing the spatial portion of the image based on the categorization.

Abstract: Provided are a video encoding method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: acquiring status information of each macroblock in an image to be encoded; dividing the image to be encoded into a plurality of status regions according to the status information of each macroblock; determining a quantizer parameter adjustment value of each of the plurality of status regions in the image to be encoded according to a preset quantizer parameter value table; acquiring a quantizer parameter encoding value of each macroblock in a reference frame image of the image to be encoded; determining a quantizer parameter encoding value of each macroblock in the image to be encoded; and compressing and encoding the image to be encoded.

Abstract: Disclosed is user authentication. A user authentication method includes receiving a plurality of images including at least one object, extracting biological information from the plurality of images, performing user authentication based on a difference between the extracted biological information and biological information of a user stored in a memory, and updating a parameter of a learning model for the user authentication when a result of the execution of the user authentication satisfies a preset condition. The mobile terminal and the AI system of the present disclosure may be associated with an artificial intelligence module, a drone (or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)), a robot, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, a device related to 5G service, etc.

Abstract: Systems and methods of adaptive streaming are discussed. Transcoded copies of a source stream may be aligned with one another such that the independently specified portions of each transcoded stream occur at the same locations within the content. These transcoded copies may be produced by one or more transcoders, whose outputs are synchronized by a delay adjuster. A fragmenter may use the synchronized and aligned streams to efficiently produce fragments suitable for use in adaptive streaming.

Abstract: A method of processing an image for improving image quality is provided. The method includes inputting an image into a first artificial neural network as an input variable to create a feature map and inputting an image into a second artificial neural network as an input variable to create an estimated class probability distribution map for each of frequency channels. Further, the method may comprise determining a class for each of the frequency channels on the basis of a probability distribution included in the estimated class probability distribution map, creating an estimated class map that includes a determined class, converting the estimated class map into an estimated frequency map, combining the estimated frequency map with the feature map to create a combined feature map, and inputting the combined feature map into a third artificial neural network as an input variable to create an output image.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums for video encoding/decoding. An apparatus includes processing circuitry that partitions a current block of a current picture based on a geometric partitioning mode (GPM). The current block is partitioned into two partitions in the GPM mode. Each of the partitions is associated with a respective predictor. A weighting index for a sample of the current block is determined based on a position of the sample. A weighting factor is calculated based on the weighting index of the sample according to an equation that converts the weighting index to the weighting factor. The sample is encoded based on the weighting factor and the predictor corresponding to the sample.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed relating to intra prediction of a video signal based on mode-dependent subsampling. A block of coefficients associated with a first sub block of a video block, one or more blocks of coefficients associated with one or more remaining sub blocks of the video block, and an indication of a prediction mode for the video block may be received. One or more interpolating techniques, a predicted first sub block, and the predicted sub blocks of the one or more remaining sub blocks may be determined. A reconstructed first sub block and one or more reconstructed remaining sub blocks may be generated. A reconstructed video block may be formed based on the prediction mode, the reconstructed first sub block, and the one or more reconstructed remaining sub blocks.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for constrained de-blocking filter are disclosed. One method receives input data related to a current block in a current picture at a video encoder side or a video bitstream determines a block boundary of the current block and sub-block boundaries inside the current block, wherein the current block is partitioned into a plurality of sub-blocks using sub-block mode prediction. The method then applies de-blocking process to a reconstructed current block corresponding to the current block to result in a current filtered-reconstructed block, wherein said applying the de-blocking process to the current block comprises applying the de-blocking process to the sub-block boundaries inside the current filtered-reconstructed block, and generates a filtered decoded picture including the current filtered-reconstructed block.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an image-encoding method comprises the following steps: receiving image information; generating a restored block for the current block based on the image information; and generating a finally restored block for the current block by applying an in-loop filter to the restored block on the basis of the image information. According to the present invention, image-encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: A method for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram into a phase-modulating optical element for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object, and to a computer program product for encoding complex-valued signals of a computer-generated hologram, and to a holographic display for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional object. The object is to reduce the effort on encoding a complex-valued spatial distribution by an iteration method on the basis of phase encoding, so that the computer-generated hologram resulting therefrom can be represented more rapidly and with the same or an improved reconstruction quality. In particular, the convergence during the iterative optimization is intended to be accelerated. This is achieved by a method in which degrees of freedom of the hologram plane as well as the reconstruction plane are used for optimizing the iteration method for rapid convergence and maximization of the diffraction efficiency in the signal range.