Abstract: An X-ray hybrid diagnosis system includes a single power supply, an X-ray radiography unit, an X-ray CT unit, and a single control console. The single power supply powers X-ray CR system having first X-ray tube and X-ray CT system having second X-ray tube. The X-ray radiography unit irradiates a subject with X-rays from first X-ray tube to obtain an X-ray radiographic image. The X-ray CT unit irradiates the subject with X-rays from the second X-ray tube and acquires projection data from a beam of the X-rays that has passed through the subject, to reconstruct an image using the acquired projection data, and to obtain a tomographic image. The single control console controls the X-ray radiography unit and the X-ray CT unit.

Abstract: A controller controls a floor-mounted rotary arm mounted at one end on a floor rotatably about a substantially vertical rotation axis, a stand supported at the other end of the floor-mounted rotary arm rotatably about a substantially vertical rotation axis, a substantially C-shaped arm supported by the stand, an X-ray tube supported at one end of the C-arm, and an X-ray detector supported at the other end of the C-arm rotatably about a shooting axis passing through the X-ray focus of the X-ray tube and the center of the detection surface. The controller includes the steps of moving the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector linearly by controlling the rotation of the floor-mounted rotary arm and the rotation of the stand, and maintaining the orientation of the image in a display screen by controlling the axial rotation of the X-ray detector in synchronization with the rotation of the floor-mounted rotary arm and the rotation of the stand.

Abstract: The present intervention relates to a medical diagnosis or intervention system with a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a C-arm as a component carrier, to which the radiation source and the radiation detector are fastened. The distance between the radiation source and the radiation detector can be changed by means of a linear guide. The C-arm is fastened to an articulated arm of a robot and the linear guide is arranged in the vicinity of the fastening point of the C-arm on the articulated arm.

Abstract: When a tabletop is rolling, an aperture specifying unit calculates an aperture of diaphragm blades such that a radiation field is to be R? based on a rolling angle, where R? is a radiation field having the same radiation area of X-rays after tabletop rolling as a radiation area before the tabletop rolling. The aperture specifying unit instructs a beam-limit control unit to take the calculated aperture of the diaphragm blades in an X-ray beam limiting device. Then, the beam-limit control unit controls the aperture of the diaphragm blades such that the radiation field is to be R?.

Abstract: An X-ray examination apparatus (10) comprises radiation modules in the form of an X-ray source (20) and an X-ray detector(18), a main curved arm (12) having opposite end sections (S1, S2) and a first auxiliary arm (14) provided at one end section (S1) of the main arm. The first auxiliary arm carries one radiation module (18) and another radiation module (20) is coupled to the other end section of the main arm. The first auxiliary arm has a shape that complements the curvature of the main curved arm at least at the first end section and is movable with respect to this end section at least in a direction away from it. In this way a wide range of inspection angles as well as a good patient coverage is achieved without limiting the rotational freedom of the apparatus.

Abstract: In the acquisition of an image series with an x-ray image acquisition that has an x-ray C-arm rotatable around a center point, movement of the patient table is updated so that table is brought into a specific position calculated relative to the angle position of the x-ray C-arm. This position of the patient table is determined as follows. An envelope is established and a point is established that is the center point of a region of interest. In each position of the patient table that matches the position of the x-ray C-arm, the flat panel detector is perpendicular to a line emanating from the point and simultaneously contacts (is tangent to) the envelope. The region of interest is thereby optimally imaged in the image series so that a good 3D reconstruction can be obtained.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) system (300) includes a table (304) for holding a patient (302), a first gantry (311) for holding a radiation source (310) which emits penetrating radiation, and a second gantry (313) spaced apart from the first gantry holding a penetrating radiation detector (312) for receiving the penetrating radiation after passing through the patient. The penetrating radiation from the radiation source is angled at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to a longitudinal axis (322) of the table. A third gantry (320) is spaced apart from the first and second gantry including at least one radiation therapy source (321) or other (non-CT) imaging system, wherein the third gantry is located between the first gantry and the second gantry. The CT system thus permits computed tomography to occur simultaneously or substantially simultaneously with other procedures, such as various other radiation therapy systems, imaging modality or surgical procedures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceiling-mounted x-ray examination device comprising a patient-receiving table, an X-ray emitter, an X-ray receiver, a first adjusting device mountable on the ceiling for holding or displacing the X-ray emitter and preferably a second adjusting device mountable on the ceiling for holding and is placing the X-ray receiver and a travelling unit for displacing the patient-receiving table at least approximately transversally to the longitudinal direction thereof, wherein a travel path of the patient-receiving table is greater than the width thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides an X-ray radiography apparatus constructed so as to be capable of moving an X-ray generator to as low a position as possible. A X-ray radiography apparatus is of the X-ray radiography apparatus that includes a table which has a transverse direction and a longitudinal direction, and which includes a first X-ray detector and is capable of placing a subject thereon, an X-ray generator that applies X rays to the subject placed on the table, and an X-ray generator moving device that moves the X-ray generator in the longitudinal direction of the table and upward and downward directions thereof.

Abstract: An x-ray C-arm device has a C-arm rotatable around an orbital axis proceeding perpendicular to the plane of the C-arm. The C-arm carries an x-ray source and a radiation detector, and the overall center of gravity of the C-arm and the components carried thereby exerts a first torque on the C-arm. A counterbalancing device generates a second torque that at least partially compensates the first torque. The counterbalancing device includes a counterweight that is displaceably coupled to the C-arm by a gearing arrangement.

Abstract: A support assembly for an image detector operable to acquire an image of a subject on a table is provided. The support assembly includes an offset arm pivotally coupled from a carriage about a first axis. An elbow is pivotally coupled at the offset arm about a second axis. The first and second axes are vertically aligned and spaced an offset distance from one another. A mobile arm supports the image detector. The mobile arm is pivotally coupled at the elbow about a third axis that is horizontal aligned and in alignment with a central longitudinal axis of a table in a vertical plane. The mobile arm is also supported to rotate about a fourth axis that is horizontal aligned and in perpendicular alignment relative to the third axis. The first, second, third, and fourth axes all include a common point of intersection with one another.

Abstract: There is described a method using an X-ray imaging unit, which has an arched support for the X-ray source and the X-ray detector. In the method, in a scan carried out by moving the support around an examination object a plurality of X-ray images of an area of interest are recorded using different projection angles, from which a three-dimensional image of the area of interest can be reconstructed. In this case the X-ray focus of the X-ray source is guided on a segment of a circular path of at least 180° around the examination object. In the case of a non-centric location of the area of interest, the support is rotated in such a manner prior to each of the X-ray imaging processes around an axis of rotation passing through the X-ray focus that the central ray of the X-ray beam for the X-ray imaging processes passes through the center of the area of interest.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting a sealed container is disclosed and which includes a pulsed electron accelerator which is positioned in spaced relation relative to a first side of the sealed container, and which produces a pulsed beam of photons which passes through the sealed container and any contents enclosed within the sealed container; a detector positioned in spaced relation relative to a second, opposite side of the sealed container, and which receives the pulsed beam of photons which passes through the contents of the sealed container, and which produces an output signal; and a computer for developing a visible image from the output signal of the detector which depicts the contents of the sealed container.

Abstract: To avoid manual adjustments, the invention relates to a method for displacing a superimposed measuring surface on a sensor surface of an x-ray detector in an x-ray system, with an x-ray source and the x-ray detector forming a recording system and being at a fixed distance from one another, with the recording system being moveable in a three-dimensional manner relative to an object to be examined, comprising: the superimposed measuring surface is displaced on the sensor surface of the x-ray detector by a first distance in a first direction; and the recording system is moved by a second distance in parallel with the first distance in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, whereby after implementing one of the two steps, the other step is respectively automatically implemented such that a previously superimposed examination area of the object remains superimposed on the displaced measuring surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system 10 for irradiating a breast 20 of a patient 22. The system 10 comprises a gantry 12 rotatable about a horizontal axis 14 and comprising a radiation source 16 for generating a radiation beam 18 and a detector 24 spaced from the radiation source 16, and a barrier 26 disposed between the patient 22 and the gantry 12. The barrier 26 is provided with an opening 30 adapted to allow a breast 20 passing therethrough to be exposed to the radiation beam 18. In some embodiments, the barrier 26 is provided with an opening 30 adapted to allow both the breast 20 and the tissue leading from the breast to axilla and the muscle tissue of the adjacent chest wall passing therethrough to be exposed to the radiation beam 18.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes a floor rotating arm which is installed at one end on a floor surface so as to be rotatable around a first rotation axis, a C-arm which is mounted on the other end of the floor rotating arm so as to be rotatable around a second rotation axis, an X-ray tube which is mounted on one end of the C-arm, an X-ray detector which is mounted on the other end of the C-arm, and a bed which has a table top provided to be movable along a longitudinal axis. The bed is placed such that the longitudinal axis is spaced apart from the first rotation axis by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A device for irradiating tissue encompassing at least one electron source for generating an electron beam, numerous radiation heads that are firmly and annularly arranged in a supporting frame around an isocenter of the device and emit radiation towards the isocenter, and one beam guidance system to guide the electron beam in the housing towards the radiation heads. The beam guidance system has been built as a polygon, especially as a pentagon arranged like a ring around the isocenter, in which case media for deflecting the electron beam have been placed at every corner point of the polygon.

Abstract: A radiography apparatus having an x-ray source, an x-ray imaging detector, and a support structure. The support structure is coupled to the x-ray source and to the x-ray detector and rotatable about two orthogonal axes and linearly moveable. The x-ray source and the x-ray imaging detector are each independently rotatable about third and fourth axes, respectively. The apparatus provides an operator with a number of degrees of freedom of motion of the x-ray source and the x-ray imaging detector to move them to different positions relative to a subject.

Abstract: A medical examination or intervention device that includes at least one component, in particular a C-arm, that can be moved under a user's control via a manual control device, as well as a collision monitoring device embodied for ascertaining an imminent collision and/or one having already occurred, with the control device having a haptic indicating means, controlled by the collision monitoring device, for indicating an imminent component collision and/or one having already occurred.

Abstract: A radiation therapy system that includes a radiation source that moves about a path and directs a beam of radiation towards an object and a cone-beam computer tomography system. The cone-beam computer tomography system includes an x-ray source that emits an x-ray beam in a cone-beam form towards an object to be imaged and an amorphous silicon flat-panel imager receiving x-rays after they pass through the object, the imager providing an image of the object. A computer is connected to the radiation source and the cone beam computerized tomography system, wherein the computer receives the image of the object and based on the image sends a signal to the radiation source that controls the path of the radiation source.

Abstract: Methods and systems for x-ray detector and x-ray source arrangement in cone beam computed tomography systems are provided. An arm having a first end and a second end is mounted onto a support structure such that the arm rotates about a vertical axis. An x-ray source and an x-ray detector are separately attached to each end of the arm at angles in a range of about 2 to 20 degrees from the vertical axis, such that each is adapted to rotate with the arm about the vertical axis. The x-ray source and the x-ray detector are spaced apart to enable an anatomical target to be interposed between the x-ray source and the x-ray detector for cone beam computed tomography scanning, such that the x-ray source and the x-ray detector do not interfere with the target during scanning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceiling support for a medico-technical radiation source. The inventive support comprises a telescopic element (2) consisting of several tubes (3) which fit in each other and are connected to a compensation weight device of the radiation source connected to the free end (E) of said telescopic element (2) with the aid of a first cable (12). The inventive weight compensation device comprises a cable drum (11) for winding and unwinding said first cable (12), a helical winch (15) associated thereto and connected to a sliding element (8) by means a second cable, said sliding element being displaceable against a pressure spring (6). The radius of said helical winch (15) gradually reduces according to the increasing force of the pressure spring (6) in such a way that the compensation couple of the weight remains identical aside from the respective length of the telescopic element (2).

Abstract: The present invention provides an X-ray radiography apparatus constructed so as to be capable of moving an X-ray generator to as low a position as possible. A X-ray radiography apparatus is of the X-ray radiography apparatus that includes a table which has a transverse direction and a longitudinal direction, and which includes a first X-ray detector and is capable of placing a subject thereon, an X-ray generator that applies X rays to the subject placed on the table, and an X-ray generator moving device that moves the X-ray generator in the longitudinal direction of the table and upward and downward directions thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical imaging system as well as a collision protection method for such a system. In this system the movement of a moveable part, e.g. a C-arm, is stopped or slowed down, if the part enters an individual protective zone enclosing the patient. This zone is calculated individually for each patient from the surface of the patient detected by an optical sensor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for immunoimaging and destruction of malignant tumors using immunoimaging agents comprising nanoclusters incorporating monoclonal antibodies that selectively bind to the cell membrane of tumor cells, and conjugated payloads comprising an encapsulated near-infrared (NIR) fluorescing crystal. The encapsulated fluorescing crystal compound provides excellent non-radiometric imaging of the tumor, and the non-antigenic metal coating encapsulating the fluorescing crystal particles provides a non-destructive necrotic killing of the tumor cells by low-level radiometric amplification and heating of the tumor cell membrane. Thus the very same nanoclusters used during imaging also serve to kill the tumor cells by necrosis, damaging the cell membrane by overheating as a result of secondary irradiation (not by harmful radiometric-induced apoptosis).

Abstract: A method of examining a patient is provided. The method includes aligning a patient table with a first examination axis, imaging a patient utilizing a first imaging modality while the patient is oriented along the first examination axis, aligning a patient table with a second examination axis, the second examination axis being different than the first examination axis, and imaging a patient utilizing a second separate imaging modality while the patient is oriented along the second examination axis.

Abstract: A nonintrusive inspection apparatus is described of the kind having a base frame, an elongated shield on the base frame, a conveyor belt passing through the shield which is used for transporting closed containers, and a rotating CT scanner subsystem which is used for scanning the container on the conveyor belt. The CT scanner subsystem is mounted through the shield to the base frame. The shield provides sufficient rigidity for the CT scanner subsystem. A cover is positioned over the CT scanner subsystem, but only over a portion of the shield, thereby allowing for a person on one side of the shield to see a person on an opposite side of the shield.

Abstract: A treatment suite and method of use is described, having a digital imaging modality mounted to a first robot. A patient support apparatus mounted to a second robot. The robots cooperate to position a patient with respect to the imaging modality to obtain digital image data of an abdominal area so as to produce computed tomography images, including angiographic, soft tissue or hard tissue images. A third robot has a forcer configured to apply a force to a body part during the imaging process. Contrast agents may be administered during the imaging process. After diagnosis, the treatment of the patient may be performed without moving the patient from the patient support apparatus.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnosis apparatus includes a wireless communication unit that transmits a signal related to the drive of at least one of a supporting unit and a bed from an operation unit to the bed. The X-ray diagnosis apparatus may include a state detection unit that detects a state of attachment of an operation unit to a bed. The apparatus is controlled by detecting a position of the operation unit; detecting an operation direction of the operation unit; determining a drive direction based on the position of the operation unit and the operation direction of an operation unit; and driving at least one of the bed and the supporting unit in the determined drive direction.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnosis apparatus is configured to control at least one of the X-ray diaphragm which restricts the irradiation range of the X-ray and the compensation filter which attenuates the amount of the X-ray based on at least one of the rotation position or the position parallel to the body axis of the X-ray source.

Abstract: A digital radiography system for imaging a subject. A support structure, coupled to an X-ray source and an X-ray imaging detector, is rotatable about a first axis and is linearly moveable. The X-ray source and the X-ray imaging detector are also rotatable about second and third axes, respectively, to provide an operator with a number of degrees of freedom to move the X-ray source and the X-ray imaging detector to different positions relative to a subject. Further, the system has means for coupling an operator control interface and a display to the X-ray source for permitting an operator to rotate them about a fourth axis so that the operator control interface and display are accessible to the operator such that the position of the operator does not have to change when the positions of the X-ray source and the X-ray detector are changed.

Abstract: A radiation therapy/surgery device optimised to meet the needs of the Neurosurgeon is provided, i.e. one for the treatment of tumours in the brain. It combines the qualities of a good penumbra and accuracy, simple prescription and operation, together with high reliability and minimal technical support. The device comprises a rotateable support, on which is provided a mount extending from the support out of the plane of the circle, and a radiation source attached to the mount via a pivot, the pivot having an axis which passes through the axis of rotation of the support, the radiation source being aligned so as to produce a beam which passes through the co-incidence of the rotation axis and the pivot. It will generally be easier to engineer the apparatus if the rotateable support is planar, and more convenient if the rotateable support is disposed in an upright position. The rotation of the rotateable support will be eased if this part of the apparatus is circular.

Abstract: In a continuously operating tomography apparatus and an operating method therefore, a scanner unit is rotated around a system axis and first and second examination subjects are successively moved into the scanner unit and respective examinations of the first and second examination subjects are conducted without interruption of rotation of the scanner unit. The rotation frequency of the scanning unit is set differently dependent on the type of examination to be conducted, and when no examination of an examination subject is taking place, the scanning unit is rotated at a predetermined rest rotation frequency, that is smaller than a smallest of the available rotation frequencies for the examinations, or is an average of the rotation frequencies available for the examinations.

Abstract: An X-ray angiography apparatus includes a C-arm, a support mechanism which rotatably supports the C-arm, a rotation driving unit which drives rotation of the C-arm, an X-ray tube mounted on the C-arm, an X-ray detector mounted on the C-arm in a direction to face the X-ray tube, and a rotation control unit which controls the X-ray detector and the rotation driving unit to make the angle sampling pitch of contrast images become larger than that of mask images.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes an X-ray tube, an X-ray detector, a support mechanism which movably supports the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector, a storage unit which stores data of a three-dimensional model associated with a standard blood vessel structure, and a control unit which controls the support mechanism on the basis of the three-dimensional model so as to make an imaging central line between the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector become substantially orthogonal to a blood vessel axis of the three-dimensional model at a designated position.

Abstract: A system for medical emergency care and monitoring of a patient includes as its first component a patient holding apparatus with a fixed base and a table mounted on it, and the table protrudes past the base on the head end with a radio transparent first region and on the foot end with a radio transparent second region. There is also a CT scanner which is movable on the floor along a guide element in such a way that the second region of the table can be brought, by moving the CT scanner, into the patient opening of the CT scanner. For taking x-ray images in the first region of the table, there is an x-ray unit. Another component pertains to a guided patient board that is ridable on the table in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, notably an X-ray apparatus, which comprises two components which are displaceable relative to one another. A position visualization unit is arranged on one component of the apparatus and the other component of the apparatus is provided with an image acquisition unit whose acquisition zone contains a segment of the position visualization unit which changes due to the motion. The image acquisition unit acquires images of the segment present in the acquisition zone and applies such images to an evaluation unit which extracts position information from the images.

Abstract: An X-ray thin film inspection apparatus including a sample table on which an inspection target such as a product wafer or the like is mounted, a positioning mechanism for moving the sample table, a goniometer having first and second swing arms, at least one X-ray irradiation unit that are mounted on the first swing arm and containing an X-ray tube and an X-ray optical element in a shield tube, an X-ray detector mounted on a second swing arm, and an optical camera for subjecting the inspection target disposed on the sample table to pattern recognition.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes a first arm mounted with a first X-ray tube and a first X-ray detector, a second arm mounted with a second X-ray tube and a second X-ray detector, a bed having a table top capable of rising and falling on which a patient is placed, a first rotating mechanism that rotates the first arm, a first moving mechanism that subjects the first arm to parallel translation, and a control unit that controls the first rotating mechanism and the first moving mechanism on the basis of a position of the second arm.

Abstract: An imaging system for scanning a volume of interest in an object, the system includes a radiation source configured to traverse in a plurality of focal spot positions yielding a plurality of focal spot trajectories. Each focal spot trajectory defines a two dimensional focal spot projection in an image acquisition plane. Each of the focal spot positions comprise at least two positions at unequal distances from the image acquisition plane.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, an x-ray diffraction apparatus and method are provided in which an x-ray or goniometer head can be adjusted in different directions to allow the head to direct x-rays at a part from various positions. In this manner, measurements can be taken from a wider region of the part without requiring that the part itself be moved or that an operator move the unit, which can be relatively heavy. In one aspect, the head can be rotated about its internal axis so that it can more readily direct x-rays along curved surfaces of parts while keeping a substantially constant distance therefrom. It is preferred that the apparatus be a portable unit including adjustment mounts to allow the x-ray head to be moved in the different directions so that it can be transported for use in the field at the site at which a part is located. In this instance, the unit allows for measurements to be taken from the part while it remains in service.

Abstract: A CT scanner according to the present invention is particularly useful for scanning the spine and extremities, such as knees, and ankles, especially while the patient is in an upright position. The CT scanner generally includes a source and detector that are rotatable about a generally upright axis. The source and detector are also moved along the upright axis during rotation to perform a helical scan. The source and detector are mounted to an inner ring, which is rotatably mounted within an outer ring. The outer ring is fixedly mounted to a carriage that is movable along an upright rail.

Abstract: A x-ray diagnostic apparatus and methods perform Real-Time Digital Radiography with particular application in dental x-ray imaging modalities, such as Orthopantomography, Scannography, Linear Tomography and Cephalography, by using a versatile and robotized mechanical structure, featuring projection movements in the required a real range and automatic adaptation of the same mechanical structure to serve the various x-ray imaging modalities foreseen.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for conducting a medical procedure on a number of patients respectively disposed at a number of different locations, a component of a medical device for implementing the medical procedure is moved along a pre-assembled track that extends to each of the locations. When the component is moved to the intended location by the track, the medical procedure is implemented at that location with the component retained on the track.

Abstract: An anatomical imaging system comprising a CT machine; and a transport mechanism mounted to the base of the CT machine, wherein the transport mechanism comprises a fine movement mechanism for moving the CT machine precisely, relative to the patient, during scanning.

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray stand comprising an outer C arm along which a support for an inner C arm is displaceably mounted. The inner C arm which carries an X-ray tube and an image intensifier is displaceably arranged in the support. The X-ray stand further comprises a drive device for the displacement of the support along the outer C arm and the displacement of the inner C arm along the support. The aim of the invention is to create an X-ray stand of the above-described kind that comprises a drive device that is relatively inexpensive, requires little space and allows for a relatively high positioning accuracy. This aim is achieved in that the drive device is provided with a single drive means that influences the inner C arm and the support simultaneously in such a manner that the inner C arm and the support move in the same direction.

Abstract: A multi-use examination table provides x-ray imaging thereby conserving examination room space and to speed patient examination while retaining standard examination table features such as table extensions, foot end drawers, trays and stirrups, and a step for access to the high examination table surface. A repositionable imaging boom allows the table to remain unobstructed when x-ray imaging is not required.

Abstract: A scanning-based arrangement for obtaining imaging data of an object at high repetition rate comprises a support structure; scanning-based apparatuses fixedly arranged on the support structure and each including (i) a radiation source, and (ii) a radiation detector comprising a stack of line detectors, each being directed towards the radiation source to allow a ray bundle of radiation to enter the line detector; an object table arranged in the radiation path of one of the scanning-based apparatuses; and a device provided for rotating the support structure relative the object table so that the object table will successively be arranged in the radiation path of each of the scanning-based apparatuses, during which rotation each of the line detectors in each of the radiation detectors is adapted to record a plurality of line images of radiation as transmitted through the object.

Abstract: Disclosed is a radiation image recording device comprising a source of radiation and a radiation receiver which are movable in a vertical direction in order to be positioned relative to a standing patient, and an image processing device for creating an output image based on the recorded image data. The source of radiation and the radiation receiver are movable in a controlled manner into successive image recording positions via a control device so as to record an area of analysis which exceeds the height of the active area of the digital radiation receiver, one radiation image being recorded in each image recording position. The positions are defined in such a way that the recorded radiation images cover the area of analysis while the image processing device is embodied so as to create a full image representing the entire area of analysis based on the image data of the individual radiation images.

Abstract: A dual energy x-ray densitometer is incorporated into a standard patient examination table to provide improved access to this screening tool during regular examinations. A repositionable scanning head allows the table to remain unobstructed when scanning is not occurring and a limited scanning area allows the examination table to retain standard examination table features such as table extensions, foot end drawers, trays and stirrups, and a step for access to the high examination table surface.