Abstract: A hardware secure element includes a processing unit and a receiver circuit configured to receive data comprising a command field and a parameter field adapted to contain a plurality of parameters. The hardware secure element also includes at least one hardware parameter check module configured to receive at an input a parameter to be processed selected from the plurality of parameters, and to process the parameter to be processed to verify whether the parameter has given characteristics. The hardware parameter check module has associated one or more look-up tables configured to receive at an input the command field and a parameter index identifying the parameter to be processed by the hardware parameter check module, and to determine for the command field and the parameter index a configuration data element.

Abstract: A display, a circuit arrangement for a display and a method of operating a display are disclosed. In an embodiment a display includes a plurality of pixels, each pixel of the plurality of pixels includes a given number of light emitters, a current control element for each light emitter, the current control element configured to control an electric current through the light emitter and at least one digital circuit element for each light emitter, the at least one digital circuit element configured to provide at least one data value to the current control element and the at least one data value being indicative of the current through the light emitter.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data by which cipher-transmission of digital information data for which forbidden codes including timing identification codes are predetermined can be carried out with enciphered digital information data without containing undesirable forbidden code, in which digital information data contained in word sequence data which contain also time reference code data composed of the timing identification codes are subjected to enciphering process without producing the forbidden code to produce the enciphered digital information data which do not contain any forbidden code and then enciphered word sequence data are constituted with the enciphered digital information data and the time reference code data to be transmitted.

Abstract: A system and method providing for appending of a note or instruction to the contents of an email such that the note or instructions is only appended to emails of selected recipients of a group of recipients, with only the email going to the other recipients of the group of recipients is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for image processing are disclosed, each of which obtains a mark from image data, detects additional information in the mark, determines whether the mark is detected in the mark to generate a determination result, and controls processing performed by an image processing apparatus with respect to the image data based on the determination result.

Abstract: A test pattern containing plurality of patches recorded using small dot patterns and large dot patterns is printed. The dot sizes arranged in the patches are different between patches. Then the test patterns are read. The detection rate and average density of additional information embedded in each large dot pattern are obtained. A large dot pattern whose detection rate and average density fall within a reference range and are closest to ideal values is determined. The average density of each small dot pattern is obtained. A small dot pattern whose average density falls within a reference range and is closest to the average density of the determined large dot pattern is determined. A copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image is generated using these dot patterns and combined with a print target image.

Abstract: An image processing device, which includes: an original reception unit that receives an original image; a dot image generation unit that generates, on the basis of additive information to be added to the original image, a dot image in which a plurality of dots each formed by one or more pixels are arranged; a state alteration unit that, when any of the dots in the dot image is determined to be not extractable, alters a state of the non-extractable dot on the basis of a relationship between a position on the dot image generated by the dot image generation unit and a corresponding position on the original image; and a composite image generation unit that generates a composite image by superimposing, on the original image, the dot image having the state of the non-extractable dot altered by the state alteration unit.

Abstract: This disclosure describes methods for using embedded auxiliary signals in documents for copy detection and other applications. In on application, the auxiliary signal is formed as an array of elements selected from a set of print structures with properties that change differently in response to copy operations. These changes in properties of the print structures that carry the embedded auxiliary signal are automatically detectable. For example, the changes make the embedded auxiliary signal more or less detectable. The extent to which the auxiliary data is detected forms a detection metric used in combination with one or more other metrics to differentiate copies from originals. Examples of sets of properties of the print structures that change differently in response to copy operations include sets of colors (including different types of inks), sets of screens or dot structures that have varying dot gain, sets of structures with different aliasing effects, etc.

Abstract: A watermark information embedding apparatus generates a document image from electronic document data that has been input thereto, modifies the electronic document data based upon the document image and embeds information in the electronic document data. The apparatus includes a document image generator for generating a document image from the electronic document data; a document analyzer for detecting layout information of each constituent image in the generated document image; a normalization information calculation unit for calculating normalization information, which is for normalizing placement of each constituent image, based upon the detected layout information; a modification unit for modifying the electronic document data; and an embedding unit for embedding information in the modified electronic document data.

Abstract: In a computer system in which information represented by digital data is output to plural pages of recording medium, and then information on the plural pages of recording medium is read to use digital data representing the read information, authentication information is embedded in information of a start page selected by the computer system; a page number of the start page embedded the authentication information is notified to a user; information on the plural pages of recording medium is read, wherein the start page is positioned so as to be read first; digital data read from the plural pages of recording medium is authenticated based on the authentication information embedded in the start page; and a process for the digital data read from the plural pages of recording medium is controlled in accordance with a result of the authentication.

Abstract: A method of transmitting and receiving data in which cipher-transmission of digital information data for which forbidden codes including timing identification codes are predetermined can be carried out with enciphered digital information data without containing undesirable forbidden code. Digital information data contained in word sequence data which also contain time reference code data composed of the timing identification codes are subjected to enciphering process without producing the forbidden code to produce the enciphered digital information data which do not contain any forbidden code. Enciphered word sequence data are constituted with the enciphered digital information data and the time reference code data to be transmitted.

Abstract: Enhancements to a video anticopying process that causes an abnormally low amplitude video signal to be recorded on an illegal copy. The enhancements in one version introduce into the overscan portion of the television picture, just prior to the horizontal or vertical sync signals but in active video, a negative going waveform that appears to the television receiver or videotape recorder to be a sync signal, thereby causing an early horizontal or vertical retrace. One version provides (in the right overscan portion of the picture), a checker pattern of alternating gray and black areas which causes the TV set on which the illegal copy is played to horizontally retrace earlier than normal in selected lines with a consequential horizontal shift of the picture information on those lines. This substantially degrades picture viewability. In another version a gray pattern at the bottom overscan portion of the picture causes vertical picture instability.

Abstract: A tamper resistant microprocessor has a task state table for assigning a task identifier to a task that can take a plurality of states, and storing a state of the task in correspondence to the task identifier; a task register for storing the task identifier of a currently executed task; an interface for reading a program stored in a form encrypted by using a program key at an external memory, in units of cache lines, when a request for the task is made; an encryption processing unit for generating decryption keys that are different for different cache lines, according to the program key, and decrypt a content read by the interface; a cache memory formed by a plurality of cache lines each having a tag, for storing the task identifier corresponding to a decryption key used in decrypting each cache line in the tag of each cache line; and an access check unit for comparing the task identifier stored in the tag of each cache line with a value of the task register, and discarding a content of each cache line when t

Abstract: Enhancements to a video anticopying process that causes an abnormally low amplitude video signal to be recorded on an illegal copy. In one version, positive going pulses are added to the video signal. The enhancements in one version introduce into the overscan portion of the television picture, just prior to the horizontal or vertical sync signals but in active video, a negative going waveform that appears to the television receiver or videotape recorder to be a sync signal, thereby causing an early horizontal or vertical retrace. One version provides (in the right overscan portion of the picture), a checker pattern of alternating gray and black areas which causes the TV set on which the illegal copy is played to horizontally retrace earlier than normal in selected lines with a consequential horizontal shift of the picture information on those lines. This substantially degrades picture viewability.

Abstract: Enhancements to a video anticopying process that causes an abnormally low amplitude video signal to be recorded on an illegal copy. The enhancements in one version introduce into the overscan portion of the television picture, just prior to the horizontal or vertical sync signals but in active video, a negative going waveform that appears to the television receiver or videotape recorder to be a sync signal, thereby causing an early horizontal or vertical retrace. One version provides (in the right overscan portion of the picture), a checker pattern of alternating gray and black areas which causes the TV set on which the illegal copy is played to horizontally retrace earlier than normal in selected lines with a consequential horizontal shift of the picture information on those lines. This substantially degrades picture viewability. In another version a gray pattern at the bottom overscan portion of the picture causes vertical picture instability.

Abstract: Enhancements to a video anticopying process that causes an abnormally low amplitude video signal to be recorded on a illegal copy. The enhancement in one version include a negative going waveform that appears to the television receiver or videotape recorder to be a sync signal, thereby causing an early horizontal or vertical retrace. In another version, selected horizontal sync pulses are narrowed, causing irregular vertical retraces. In another version, post-pseudo sync pulses that have a minimum level above the minimum level of sync pulses are added to enhance anti-copy effectiveness. The post pseudo-sync pulses may be amplitude modulated.

Abstract: An encrypting keypad module (30) comprising a keypad (40) and an encryption unit (42) is described. The encryption unit (42) includes an interpreter (56) for receiving a file (150) containing data and instructions for processing the data. The encryption unit (42) is operable to process the data in the file (150) by interpreting the instructions in the file (150). This enables a file (150) to be used to instruct the encryption unit (42) about the data that is to be operated on and the type of operations to be performed on the data.

Abstract: End-to-end authentication capability based on public-key certificates is combined with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to allow a SIP node that receives a SIP request message to authenticate the sender of request. The SIP request message is sent with a digital signature generated with a private key of the sender and may include a certificate of the sender. The SIP request message may also be encrypted with a public key of the recipient. After receiving the SIP request, the receiving SIP node obtains a certificate of the sender and authenticates the sender based on the digital signature. The digital signature may be included in an Authorization header of the SIP request, or in a multipart message body constructed according to the S/MIME standard.

Abstract: A system and a method are for determining the origin of a signal received by a pay television subscriber in a given region. A system includes an encryption device located at a main operator, a transmission device adapted to transmit an encrypted video signal towards at least one local operator, and a decryption device at the local operator. The decryption device includes an identification device for replacing all or part of the decrypted video signal with an identification signal characterising the decryption device.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for secure transmissions. Each user is provided a registration key. A long-time updated broadcast key is encrypted using the registration key and provided periodically to a user. A short-time updated key is encrypted using the broadcast key and provided periodically to a user. Broadcasts are then encrypted using the short-time key, wherein the user decrypts the broadcast message using the short-time key. One embodiment provides link layer content encryption. Another embodiment provides end-to-end encryption.

Abstract: A video source device generates a session key for each transmission session wherein a multi-frame video content is to be transmitted to a video sink device. The video source device uses the session key to generate a successive number of frame keys. The frame keys in turn are used to generate corresponding pseudo random bit sequences for ciphering the corresponding frames to protect the video content from unauthorized copying during transmission. The video sink device practices a complementary approach to decipher the received video content. In one embodiment, both devices are each provided with an integrated block/stream cipher to practice the transmission protection method.

Abstract: A signal reproducing apparatus for prohibiting copying or unauthorized use. The apparatus includes a copying management information decision circuit 19 for discriminating the state of the copying management information read out from each header of a data sector and within the TOC, a protect signal generating circuit 20 for generating a protect signal based on the discrimination signal and a mixing circuit 24 for mixing a protect signal in a vertical blanking period of an analog video signal D/A converted from digital video data reproduced from an optical disc D. The apparatus also includes a descrambling circuit 31 for descrambling the digital data based on the copying management information and a scrambling circuit 32 for descrambling the digital data. The apparatus enables prohibition of unauthorized analog copying and digital copying, inhibition of serial generational copying and prohibition of unauthorized analog and digital copying simultaneously.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying information received from a communication apparatus includes: a key information producing unit configured to produce key information for authenticating the communication apparatus; a key information display unit for displaying the key information; an authentication information receiving unit for receiving authentication information; an authenticating unit for authenticating the communication apparatus by verifying whether or not the authentication information was formed based upon the key information; and a display information receiving unit for displaying information from the authenticated communication apparatus.

Abstract: A system, which includes a video-signal output apparatus and a video-signal input apparatus, has a construction in which scrambling or descrambling is performed with a scramble key generated using copy-control information. If the copy-control information has been falsified, a scramble key for a scrambling mode will not coincide with a scramble key for a descrambling mode, whereby appropriate descrambling is not performed. By performing no scrambling in a vertical blanking interval, the copy-control information can be easily detected from a scrambled video signal.

Abstract: A video source device generates a session key for each transmission session wherein a multi-frame video content is to be transmitted to a video sink device. The video source device uses the session key to generate a successive number of frame keys. The frame keys in turn are used to generate corresponding pseudo random bit sequences for ciphering the corresponding frames to protect the video content from unauthorized copying during transmission. The video sink device practices a complementary approach to decipher the received video content. In one embodiment, both devices are each provided with an integrated block/stream cipher to practice the transmission protection method.

Abstract: A signal reproducing method and apparatus in which the generation limitation information, such as a token or a ticket, contained in digital data, is recorded in analog signals. A reproducing device 20 reproduces, from a source disc S, picture data etc having the superimposed copyright control information for copying limitation and a ticket representing the generation limitation information specifying the number of times of possible copying or reproduction. The reproducing device 20 converts the picture data etc into analog baseband signals and detects the ticket. The reproducing device 20 superimposes the detected ticket on audio signals by watermark processing to output the resulting analog baseband signals.

Abstract: A signal such as an analog scrambled television signal in a cable television network has first scrambling mode data which is compatible with a first decoder population, but not a second decoder population. The scrambled television signal is processed to determine the scrambling mode without recovering the first scrambling mode data. Second scrambling mode data which is compatible with the second decoder population is then provided in the scrambled television signal, for example, in the vertical blanking interval or on an audio subcarrier. During processing to determine the scrambling mode, the television signal is delayed, e.g., by digitizing it and temporarily storing it in memory. The delay compensates for the time required to determine the scrambling mode. The television signal is recovered in the analog domain prior to inserting the second scrambling mode data.