Abstract: A system including a noise analyzer, a filter, and a memory. The noise analyzer configured to review a captured audio signal, wherein the captured audio signal comprises baseline noise parameters and clean audio. The filter configured to remove the baseline noise parameters from the captured audio signal so that the clean audio is free of the baseline noise parameters. The memory stores the clean audio.

Abstract: A noise reduction system is provided. The noise reduction system may include a sub-band noise sensor, a plurality of sub-band noise reduction modules, and an output module. The sub-band noise sensor may be configured to detect a noise and generate a plurality of sub-band noise signals in response to the detected noise. Each of the plurality of sub-band noise signals may have a distinctive sub-band of the frequency band of the noise. Each of the sub-band noise reduction modules may be configured to receive one of the sub-band noise signals from the sub-band noise sensor and generate a sub-band noise correction signal for reducing the received sub-band noise signal. The output module may be configured to receive the sub-band noise correction signals and output a noise correction signal for reducing the noise based on the sub-band noise correction signals.

Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicle includes a microphone which picks up a sound emitted by a target, an actuator which extends to change a position of the microphone, and a processor. The processor obtains positional relationship information which indicates at least one of a position of the target or a distance from the unmanned aerial vehicle to the target, causes the unmanned aerial vehicle to move to a first position at which the unmanned aerial vehicle and the target have a predetermined positional relationship based on the positional relationship information, and causes actuator to extend toward the target after unmanned aerial vehicle moves to the first position.

Abstract: A storage device of a noise inspection apparatus is configured to store a neural network machine-learned to receive, as inputs, an original sound characteristic value indicating a characteristic of sound generated by a transmission and an evaluation sound characteristic value indicating a characteristic of sound that reaches a vehicle cabin, and output a route part characteristic value that is a value indicating a characteristic of a vibration transfer of a vehicle part positioned on a vibration transfer route from the transmission to the vehicle cabin. An execution device of the noise inspection apparatus is configured to calculate, as an estimated value of the route part characteristic value, an output of the neural network that has received, as inputs, measured values of the original sound characteristic value and the evaluation sound characteristic value.

Abstract: An unmanned aircraft includes: a microphone including a plurality of elements; and a processor that processes signals output from target elements included in the plurality of elements. In the unmanned aircraft, the processor performs a detection process of detecting a target sound signal of a target sound from the signals output from the target elements included in the plurality of elements, and changes the target elements that output the signals to be processed by the processor to select at least one target element that outputs a signal to be processed by the processor from among the plurality of elements, in accordance with a result of the detection process.

Abstract: A method of biometric identification of a person comprises, during an enrolment phase determining at least one enrolment transfer function for bone conduction of an audio signal through an enrolling user's head. The enrolment transfer function is stored. During a verification phase, at least one verification transfer function for bone conduction of an audio signal through the person's head is determined. It is then determined from the at least one verification transfer function and the at least one enrolment transfer function whether the person is the enrolling user.

Abstract: A radiating component of the wind turbine is modelled as a plurality of elements, wherein each element represents a physical portion of the radiating component and at least a portion of each of the elements are acoustically coupled to one or more of the other elements. A simulation of a vibrational source located within the wind turbine is applied at an interface of the modelled radiating component. A transfer function is used to determine the transmission of vibrations from an interface with the vibrational source to the elements. Tonal noise radiated from the elements to an environment external to the wind turbine is determined based upon the transmission of vibrations from the interface through the elements. The design of the radiating component, or of a component between the radiating component and the vibrational source, is modified to reduce the tonal noise radiated from the radiating component.

Abstract: A method for canceling an echo and an electronic device thereof are provided. The electronic device includes a housing, a communication module, a first speaker disposed in a first region of the housing, a second speaker disposed in a second region of the housing, a first microphone disposed adjacent to the first region, a second microphone disposed adjacent to the second region, and a processor. The processor is configured to receive a first audio signal from an external electronic device, and output a first given frequency band, and output a second given frequency band, and provide a first signal by applying a filter capable of passing a band corresponding to the second given frequency band, and provide a second signal by applying a filter capable of passing a band corresponding to the first given frequency band, and provide a second audio signal corresponding to the external audio signal, and transmit the second audio signal to the external electronic device.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a display area including: a stretchable display area at which the display panel is stretchable, disposed at an outer edge of the display device, and a normal display area having flexibility less than that of the stretchable display area, the normal display area disposed further from the outer edge of the display device than the stretchable display area; a cover window disposed on the display panel, including a peripheral portion and a central portion which is disposed further from the outer edge of the display device than the peripheral portion; and a vibration member disposing the normal display area having the flexibility less than that of the stretchable display area between the central portion of the cover window and the vibration member along a thickness direction of the display device.

Abstract: A noise cancellation technique is presented with improved frequency resolution. The method includes: acquiring a digitized noise signal from an environment in which the audio signal stream is present; receiving a data sample from the digitized noise signal; appending one or more additional samples to the data sample to form a series of samples, where magnitude for each of the one or more additional samples is substantially zero; computing a frequency domain representation of the series of samples in the frequency domain; shifting the frequency domain representation of the series of samples in time using the digital processor circuit, thereby producing a shifted frequency domain representation of the series of samples; converting the shifted frequency domain representation of the series of samples to time domain to form a portion of an anti-noise signal; and outputting the anti-noise signal into the audio signal stream to abate the noise through destructive interference.

Abstract: An apparatus for canceling noise at an ear speaker includes a wideband active noise cancellation filter having a first bandwidth and configured to generate a wideband anti-noise signal from a received reference noise signal, a narrowband active noise cancellation filter having a second bandwidth smaller than the first bandwidth and configured to generate a narrowband anti-noise signal from an error noise signal, a filter between the ear speaker and an error microphone and configured to generate a feedback noise signal, and a controller. The controller is configured to eliminate the error noise signal by modifying coefficients of the wideband active noise cancellation filter and the narrowband active noise cancellation filter in response to the wideband anti-noise signal, the narrowband anti-noise signal, and the feedback noise signal.

Abstract: A system and method of adjusting an audio output in one location so that its propagation into another location is reduced. As a first device in a first location generates sound, a second device in a second location detects the propagated sound. The first device then adjusts its output based on the detected sound.

Abstract: An active noise reduction device includes a standard signal generator, adaptive filters, a control sound emitter, and an error signal detector. The standard signal generator generates a standard signal including harmonics of a fundamental frequency correlated with the control target sound. The adaptive filters each generates corresponding one of harmonic components of a control signal based on the standard signal. The adaptive filters each is for corresponding one of the harmonics. The control sound emitter emits a control sound based on the control signal. The error signal detector collects residual noise left over after interference between the control target sound and the control sound, and detects an error signal based on the residual noise. Each of the adaptive filters includes a step size determiner. The step size determiner sets the step size parameter based on a frequency variation in the corresponding one of the harmonic components of the standard signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a display area including: a stretchable display area at which the display panel is stretchable, disposed at an outer edge of the display device, and a normal display area having flexibility less than that of the stretchable display area, the normal display area disposed further from the outer edge of the display device than the stretchable display area; a cover window disposed on the display panel, including a peripheral portion and a central portion which is disposed further from the outer edge of the display device than the peripheral portion; and a vibration member disposing the normal display area having the flexibility less than that of the stretchable display area between the central portion of the cover window and the vibration member along a thickness direction of the display device.

Abstract: A method for influencing an acoustic noise of an air-conditioning system of a vehicle, wherein a psychoacoustic variable, in particular a sharpness of the sound, of the air-conditioning system is reduced by influencing a low-frequency and/or medium-frequency spectral component of a frequency spectrum of the sound of the air-conditioning system. A regulating or control device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method and device for masking noise from a dialysis machine, as an example of a medical device, includes tubing or a fluid container, or both, being connectable to a patient for flowing fluid to or from the patient, and one or more sensors configured to detect one or more patient parameters. The dialysis machine further includes a controller configured to determine a sleep state of the patient based on the one or more patient parameters detected by the plurality of sensors, and adjust a masking sound in response to the sleep state of the patient. The masking sound is activatable in response to noise generated during operation of the dialysis machine.

Abstract: The technology described in this document can be embodied in a method that includes receiving an input signal representing audio captured by one or more sensors of an active noise reduction (ANR) headphone, and generating, based on the input signal, a first signal by a compensator disposed in an ANR signal flow path. The method also includes determining one or more characteristics of the first signal, and selecting, based on the one or more characteristics of the first signal, a plurality of filter coefficients for a digital filter disposed in series with the compensator in the ANR signal flow path. The filter coefficients are selected in accordance with a target frequency response of the digital filter. The method further includes generating, by processing the input signal using the plurality of filter coefficients of the digital filter, a feedback control signal for an electroacoustic transducer of the ANR headphone.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a rotating blade noise reduction device for reducing noise from a flight vehicle including rotating blades, the device includes loudspeakers, one or more reference microphones, an estimator, and a processor. The loudspeakers are arranged coaxially in a circumferential form for each of the rotating blades. The reference microphones acquire noise generated from the rotating blades and control sounds generated from the loudspeakers. The estimator estimates angular frequencies of the rotating blades. The processor generates control signals so as to reduce sound pressures at the reference microphones, delays the control signals by time delays corresponding to the loudspeakers dependent on installation angles between the loudspeakers arranged coaxially in a circumferential form from a circle center, the angular frequencies estimated, and a number of the loudspeakers, and inputs the control signals to the loudspeakers.

Abstract: An active noise control device reduces noise inside a cabin of a car. The active noise control device includes: a controller that decreases a signal level of a canceling signal when a signal level of a received reference signal is lower than a threshold; and a threshold controller that changes the threshold based on at least one of a signal level of an error signal and information on the car.

Abstract: A display device comprises a sensing subsystem configured to detect one or more conditions associated with touch input to the display device occurring via a contact of an input object at a surface of the display device. The display device further comprises a microphone system configured to receive sound, a logic machine, and a storage machine holding instructions. The instructions are executable by the logic machine to determine, based on the one or more conditions, a time of the contact; determine, based on at least the time of the contact, some characteristics of the contact; and generate an audio output via applying a selective attenuation to process sound received into the microphone system. The selective attenuation is selected based on the sonic characteristics and applied over a time interval beginning at the determined time of contact.

Abstract: Estimated output signals of the reference signals are generated using an estimated filter path transfer function that provides an estimated effect on sound waves traversing a physical path, the estimated filter path transfer function performing processing according to a diagonalization matrix and reference signals. Anti-noise signals are generated from the reference signals using an adaptive filter driven by learning unit signals received from a learning algorithm unit, the learning unit signals based in part on error output signals generated from the estimated output signals, the anti-noise signals including signals per sound zone and per reference signal, each sound zone including a microphone and one or more loudspeakers. A sum across references is performed on the anti-noise signals to generate a set of output signals per sound zone. The set of output signals are processed by the diagonalization matrix to generate a set of output signals per loudspeaker.

Abstract: Suppression of tapping noise caused by tapping an acoustically coupled touchscreen. When a tapping event is detected on the touchscreen, a tapping noise suppressor is alerted of the event, and responds by at least temporarily mitigating the tapping noise in the audio stream. The suppression occurs temporarily for at least part of the duration of surge in audio levels that occurs as a result of the tapping event, and in a manner that reduces the psychoacoustic impact on the conversation. Suppression may be performed by first placing the tapping noise suppressors in an alert mode when a tapping event occurs. The tapping noise suppressor then monitors the audio stream generated by the microphone for the beginning of the tapping event—which will be represented in the form of a surge in volume. The tapping noise suppressor then temporarily applies the suppression window.

Abstract: A noise control system for a ducted rotor assembly, the ducted rotor assembly including a hub, a duct, and two or more blades coupled to the hub and supported by the duct. The noise control system including a microphone configured to receive a sound input generated by the ducted rotor assembly, the microphone configured for association with the hub; a speaker unit configured to generate a cancellation noise, the speaker configured for association with the hub; and a controller operably connected to the microphone and the speaker unit, the controller configured to selectively adjust harmonics of the cancellation noise to reduce an acoustic signature of the ducted rotor assembly. In another aspect, there is provided a rotorcraft with a ducted rotor assembly in a tail portion including a noise control system. In a third aspect, there is a method of reducing an acoustic signature of a ducted rotor assembly.

Abstract: A remote controlling device is disclosed that includes one or more motion sensors configured to sense a motion of the device. The remote control further includes a capacitive sensor and a power source. The capacitive sensor selectively couples the power source to the one or more motion sensors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a vascular access during an extracorporeal blood treatment. The method and the device according to the invention are based on the monitoring of the difference between the venous pressure measured by a venous pressure sensor and the arterial pressure measured by an arterial pressure sensor (in the extracorporeal blood circuit. According to the method and the device according to the invention, a test function describing disturbances in the extracorporeal blood circuit is determined. Said test function is used to determine a noise-free differential pressure from the measured venous and arterial pressure, said differential pressure being evaluated in an arithmetic and evaluation unit to identify a defective vascular access.

Abstract: A noise cancelation device that programs, records, and saves sounds and noises and their respective sound waves, inverts them, and broadcasts the inverted sound waves, thereby reducing, deadening, canceling, or eliminating, the original sounds and noises, and their respective sound waves. Further, the noise cancelation device can save sounds and noises that have a constant, predictable, steady, and recognizable sound quality and their respective sound waves, and preprogram the respective inverted sound waves, which allows for the noise cancelation device to broadcast the preprogrammed inverted sound waves through speakers to reduce, deaden, or cancel the original sounds and noise when they are present. The noise cancelation device is portable and may be used in any location desired, or the noise cancelation device may be is fixed in its location.

Abstract: The noise suppression method of individual active noise reduction system comprises the steps that: (1) initial noise digital signals are received and converted to serve as input signals of a BP neural network; (2) the input signals are processed to generate secondary digital signals; (3) the secondary digital signals are output to a loudspeaker and secondary noise is generated; (4) remained noise digital signals obtained by overlapping the initial noise and the secondary noise are received; whether remained noise digital signals is continuously constant for the set times is judged; if yes, the secondary digital signals are kept outputting; (5) if not, BP neural network parameters are optimized and adjusted with the amplitude of the remained noise digital signals being minimum as the optimality principle; remained noise digital signals of previous step are served as new input signals and the step (2) is executed again.

Abstract: A noise reducing sound reproduction system comprises a loudspeaker that is connected to a loudspeaker input path and that radiates noise reducing sound. A microphone is connected to a microphone output path and picks up the noise or a residual thereof. An active noise reduction filter is connected between the microphone output path and the loudspeaker input path, and the active noise reduction filter comprises at least one shelving filter.

Abstract: A noise-reducing fan system, comprising a motor, a fan body, a plurality of magnetic-inducing elements, a magnetic field generator and a noise-reducing sound source device, is provided. Here, the fan body is mounted on the motor. The fan body comprises a plurality of blades, on which the plurality of magnetic-inducing elements are disposed, respectively. The magnetic field generator, which may generate a magnetic field, is employed for driving the plurality of magnetic-inducing elements to vibrate the plurality of blades and generate a vibration sound, so that at least one portion of the noise emitted from the fan body as rotating may be counterbalanced. The noise-reducing sound source device is disposed on a predetermined position and may send out a noise-reducing sound, so that the noise-reducing sound may counterbalance at least the other portion of the noise emitted from the fan body as rotating.

Abstract: A personal audio device including multiple output transducers for reproducing different frequency bands of a source audio signal, includes an adaptive noise canceling (ANC) circuit that adaptively generates an anti-noise signal for each of the transducers from at least one microphone signal that measures the ambient audio to generate anti-noise signals. The anti-noise signals are generated by separate adaptive filters such that the anti-noise signals cause substantial cancelation of the ambient audio at their corresponding transducers. The use of separate adaptive filters provides low-latency operation, since a crossover is not needed to split the anti-noise into the appropriate frequency bands. The adaptive filters can be implemented or biased to generate anti-noise only in the frequency band corresponding to the particular adaptive filter. The anti-noise signals are combined with source audio of the appropriate frequency band to provide outputs for the corresponding transducers.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: detecting, using one or more audio capture devices, nuisance audio; receiving, from one or more device sensors, contextual information; determining a mitigating audio signal based on the nuisance audio and contextual information; thereafter, emitting, from one or more audio source devices, mitigating audio into an interior space. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: There is described herein a real-time scheme, implementable in software, hardware, or a combination thereof, to detect a resonating frequency of a structure from a sensed signal and dynamically set the center frequency of an adaptive compensator for effective attenuation of the resonating frequency.

Abstract: Generating an audio signal with a configurable distance cue includes the following: receiving an input audio signal that has at least one signal characteristic that contributes to a listener's auditory distance perception; receiving a distance control signal; and changing at least one characteristic in accordance with a distance control signal that is representative of the perceived distance.

Abstract: A blower and a method for decreasing eddy noise are provided. The blower includes a fan frame, a fan wheel, at least one induction element and a coil. The fan frame has in inlet and an outlet. The fan wheel is disposed in the fan frame and has a wheel hub and a plurality of fan blades connected to periphery of the wheel hub. The induction elements are fixed to the corresponding fan blades, the coil is disposed on the fan frame for driving the at least one induction element, such that the fan blade corresponding to the induction element swing back and forth to generate a vibration sound, and the vibration sound is counteracted with eddy noise generated when the fan wheel rotates. Moreover, the method for decreasing eddy noise is also provided.

Abstract: A noise reducing sound reproduction system comprises a loudspeaker that is connected to a loudspeaker input path and that radiates noise reducing sound. A microphone is connected to a microphone output path and picks up the noise or a residual thereof. An active noise reduction filter is connected between the microphone output path and the loudspeaker input path, and the active noise reduction filter comprises at least one shelving filter.

Abstract: An information handling system has a haptic generation module to generate haptic effects including haptic noise and a haptic noise reduction module. The haptic noise reduction module receives characteristics of sound representative of haptic noise generated by a haptic generation module of a device and entering an audio input module of the device, the characteristics including frequencies and timing. It also detects the generation of haptic effects, the generations occurring after the receiving characteristics. It also reduces the effects of haptic noise on digital data representing audio input to the device based upon the received characteristics of the sound. It may reduce the effects by subtracting amplitudes of audio waves representing the haptic noise from amplitudes of audio waves representing the audio input.

Abstract: An active acoustic control method for attenuating disturbing narrow-band noise with at least one counter-noise loudspeaker and at least one error microphone in a space forming a material electroacoustic system, the method implementing, in a computing element, a control law with an internal model and disturbance observer with a model of the electroacoustic system, previously obtained by an identification method. The current configuration of the electroacoustic system can vary over time, a nominal configuration of the electroacoustic system is previously determined, a corresponding nominal model Mo(q?1) or Mo(k) previously identified, the control law with an internal model and disturbance observer is implemented in real time, a modifier block ?(q?1) or ?(k) is applied to and associated with the nominal model, and the nominal model remains the same during the variations of the current configuration of the electroacoustic system, and the modifier block is varied in real time during these variations.

Abstract: A remote controlling device (100) is disclosed that includes one or more motion sensors (120, 130, 140) configured to sense a motion of the device. The remote control further includes a capacitive sensor (150) and a power source (405). The capacitive sensor selectively couples the power source to the one or more motion sensors.

Abstract: There is provided an electronic device 1 that allows a user to listen to vibration sound that is transmitted when a vibrator 10 held in a housing 60 is pressed against the user's body and a part of the use's body is vibrated. The electronic device 1 has a microphone 7 and vibrates the vibrator 10 based on ambient sound collected by the microphone 7.

Abstract: An audio processing device includes a setting section that sets a reproduction sampling frequency Fplay and a recording sampling frequency Frec higher than Fplay, a digital-to-analog converter that based on Fplay converts a sound source signal that is a digital signal into a reproduction signal that is an analog signal, an analog-to-digital converter that based on Frec converts a recording signal that is an analog signal converter into an input signal that is a digital signal, a signal separator that separates the input signal into a low region signal contained in a band of less than Fplay and a high region signal contained in a band of the Fplay and higher, and a breakup detector that detects whether or not breakup is occurring in the reproduced sound based on power of the high region signal.

Abstract: Sounds sensed by a microphone of a device include sounds from a cooling fan of the device that varies based on the speed of the cooling fan, and other sounds used by a program of the device such as voice inputs. The sound level of sounds used by the program is determined, and the speed of the fan is adjusted so that a desired cooling level is attained while keeping the fan speed low enough that the noise from the fan does not interfere with the sounds used by the program.

Abstract: A system to suppress sound emerging from speakers and the generation of same at a distance is presented. This system includes devices to handle audio which when manipulated, in their different applications, are capable of reducing or of eliminating the acoustic impact or sound unwanted by people or by the environment. The present system includes a combination of known devices to handle audible signals or sound that allow for the analysis of the characteristics or specifications of sound or for the generation of an identical signal which can be inverted and mixed with the output signal to cancel sound and at the same time to suppress the inverted signal at a distance and in this way to once again generate sound at a distance. Considering the above, the scope of the present invention falls within the scope of the universe to transmit, mix, and suppress sound.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for active noise canceling. The method includes retrieving an input sample from at least one of a feedback or feedforward microphone digitized through the sigma-delta converter, retrieving the input sample and a related filter, wherein the filter is customized to the particular headset, outputting a filtered signal through a speaker without any interpolation and reducing order of CIC filters, and outputting a response sharply tapered down.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling adaptivity of noise cancellation are presented. One or more audio signals are received by one or more corresponding microphones. The one or more signals may be decomposed into frequency sub-bands. Noise cancellation consistent with identified adaptation constraints is performed on the one or more audio signals. The one or more audio signals may then be reconstructed from the frequency sub-bands and outputted via an output device.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for enhancing listening intelligibility in electronic devices. A vibration sensor may be used to generate feedback corresponding to vibrations caused by the outputting of the acoustic signals, and the feedback may be used in adjusting the listening intelligibility stage. In some instances, a microphone may be used to obtain audio input corresponding to ambient noise affecting intelligibility of audio outputted, as acoustic signals, via a speaker, to a user. The audio input may be used to control a listening intelligibility stage applied to audio content when the acoustic signals are generated for outputting by the speaker. In particular, the listening intelligibility stage may comprise application of dynamic time-scale modifications.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device that is capable of reducing sound leakage from a vibration plate vibrated by a piezoelectric element. An electronic device 1 of the present invention includes: a piezoelectric element 30; and a vibration plate 10 configured to be vibrated by the piezoelectric element 30. Vibration sound is transmitted by the vibration plate vibrating a part of a human body. The piezoelectric element 30 is vibrated using a processed sound signal in which at least a part of frequency components of a sound reproduction signal that are higher than a predetermined threshold value is cut or attenuated.

Abstract: An audio system with at least one audio channel may include a digital audio processor in which at least one digital filter is implemented for each channel. The digital filter of each channel may include: an analysis filter bank configured to receive a broad-band input audio signal and divide the input audio signal into a plurality of sub-bands, a sub-band filter for each sub-band, and a synthesis filter bank configured to receive the filtered sub-band signals and combine them for providing a broad-band output audio signal. A delay is associated with each sub-band signal, the delay of one of the sub-band signals being applied to the broad-band input audio signal upstream of the analysis filter bank and the residual delays being applied to the remaining sub-band signals downstream of the analysis filter bank.

Abstract: An active noise control (ANC) system may be implemented to both sides of a fan, such that both directions of the noise emitting are treated to reduce the overall noise. The impact on airflow is minimal, and the technique is very effective in a broad range of low frequencies. Passive sound-absorbing materials may be included for attenuation of high frequencies. The resulting quiet fan produces a low level of noise compared to any other device based on fan, which produces the same capacity of airflow. The quiet fan may be incorporated in any mechanical system which requires airflow induction such as: computers, air conditioners, machines, and more.

Abstract: Health-sensing and health-action devices and systems are generally described. The health-sensing device may include one or more of a sensor, a filter, and a transmitter. The sensor may be configured to sense one or more factors relating to an indicator of a health related condition or occurrence such as snoring and may include one or more microphone devices, accelerometers, and/or MEMs devices. The filter may be configured to evaluate a signal from the sensor and determine if the indicator has been detected. The transmitter may be arranged for initiating a transmission based on a signal from the filter. The health-action device may be configured for responding to an indicator of a health related condition or occurrence of a user and may include one or more of a receiver, a processor, and a responder. The health-action device may stimulate the user or may cancel the snoring sound.

Abstract: A system for noise removal is coupled to a signal unit that provides a digital signal. The noise removal system includes a transformation module to transform the digital signal into an f-digital signal, a threshold filter to generate a noiseless signal from the f-digital signal based on a threshold profile, and a signal synthesizer to provide a gain to the noiseless signal and to transform the noiseless signal into an output signal.