Abstract: Implementations generally relate to determining camera motion. In one implementation, a method includes capturing a first image and a second image of a physical scene with a camera in respective first and second positions. The method further includes determining first and second image points from the respective first and second image points. The method further includes determining first and second directions of gravity relative to the camera in the respective first and second positions. The method further includes determining a motion of the camera between the capturing of the first image and the capturing of the second image, wherein the determining of the motion of the camera is based at least in part on the first image points, the second image points, the first direction of gravity, and the second direction of gravity.

Abstract: An image coding apparatus, comprising an image reconstruction unit configured to reconstruct an image, a parameter determination unit configured to determine one or more filter parameters, based on one or more first parameters which are based on the reconstructed image and one or more second parameters which are based on codec signaling information, and a mixed-domain filtering unit configured to filter in a frequency domain and a pixel domain the reconstructed image based on the determined filter parameters to obtain a filtered image.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for encoding and decoding binary sets using adaptive tree selection. In one exemplary encoding method embodiment, picture data is encoded for a block in a picture; in which one of a plurality of trees structures is selected to code a binary set of data for indicating coefficient significance for the block. In another exemplary encoding method embodiment, picture data is encoded for a block in a picture, in which one or more trees are used to encode a binary set of data for indicating coefficient significance for the block, the one or more trees each having a plurality of nodes, at least one of the nodes of the one or more trees being modified responsive to at least one parameter.

Abstract: A Key-Value SSD (KV-SSD) is disclosed. The KV-SSD may include a data structure including a plurality of image values used by the application program. The data structure may include a plurality of first dimension containers to organize the data according to a first dimension. Each of the plurality of first dimension containers may include at least one value storing image data for the image object at a resolution and a Chroma Subsampling rate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting image data, a storage medium, and a processor. The method comprises: segmenting a target image into multiple regional images having different resolutions, wherein the target image comprises a first regional image and a second regional image, the first regional image is an image in a region on which a gaze point falls, and the second regional image is a regional image other than the first regional image in the target image; and transmitting header information of the multiple regional images and pixel values of respective pixels in the respective regional images. The present invention solves a technical problem in which since image data in multiple formats are transmitted in practice and each image data transmitting apparatus can only transmit image data in a certain format, such format limitation results in poor compatibility between image data transmitting apparatuses.

Abstract: An electronic device for compressing sampled data comprises a memory element and a processing element. The memory element is configured to store sampled data points and sampled times. The processing element is in electronic communication with the memory element and is configured to receive a plurality of sampled data points, a slope for each sampled data point in succession, the slope being a value of a change between the sampled data point and its successive sampled data point, and store the sampled data point in the memory element when the slope changes in value from a previous sampled data point.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided to facilitate the copying of files by reducing the repeated copying of the same file and by permitting files to be stored in a coherent manner. In the context of a method, representations of each of a plurality of files that have been stored in a first storage location are caused to be presented. The method also accesses information regarding a copy history of the plurality of files that have been previously copied to another storage location and causes a visual indication of the copy history to be presented in conjunction with the representations of the plurality of files that have been previously copied to another storage location.

Abstract: An image decoding method of decoding, on a block-by-block basis, image data included in a coded stream includes: deriving candidates for an intra prediction mode to be used for intra prediction for a decoding target block, the number of the candidates constantly being a plural number; obtaining, from the coded stream, an index for identifying one of the derived candidates for the intra prediction mode; and determining, based on the obtained index, one of the derived candidates for the intra prediction mode as the intra prediction mode to be used for intra prediction for the decoding target block.

Abstract: A method for decoding an image according to the present invention comprises the steps of: receiving and decoding MPM index information for indicating an MPM candidate which is to be used as an intra prediction mode of a current block; generating an MPM candidate list containing a plurality of MPM candidates for the current block; determining the MPM candidate indicated by the decoded MPM index information as the intra prediction mode of the current block, among the plurality of the MPM candidates which constitute the MPM candidate list; and generating a prediction block corresponding to the current block by performing intra prediction for the current block based on the determined intra prediction mode.

Abstract: To improve encoding efficiency, residual values are mapped so that only non-negative values are utilized when performing the encoding process.

Abstract: To provide a data encoding system that can control compression parameters when compressing sensing data in a flying object without setting a compression method in advance. The data encoding control device installed in a ground station detects a position on earth sensed by the sensor, determines information about a compression parameter of sensing data acquired through sensing performed by the sensor, based on the detected position, and notifies, to the data encoding device, the information about the determined compression parameter. The data encoding device acquires the information about compression parameter notified from the data encoding control device, and compresses sensing data acquired through sensing performed by the sensor, according to the acquired information about the compression parameter.

Abstract: A method for determining intra-prediction modes for prediction units (PUs) of a largest coding unit (LCU) is provided that includes determining an inter-prediction mode for each child PU of a PU, and selecting an intra-prediction mode for the PU based on the intra-prediction modes determined for the child PUs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a semiconductor integrated circuit which controls the quality of an image and includes a viewer detector, a region specifier, and a controller. The viewer detector detects the number of viewer(s) watching the image and a gaze region being watched by the viewer within the image. If the number of viewers is plural, the region specifier specifies a local region of the image as a target region based on a plurality of gaze regions being watched by the viewers. The controller performs image quality control on the target region.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a context-index when performing Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) for video compression or decompression includes initializing to an initialized value each of a plurality of context-indexes of chosen syntax elements associated with a given block (e.g., a macroblock). The context-index of dependent neighboring blocks of the given block is evaluated. The dependent neighboring blocks are blocks that have a context-index that depends on coding of a current bin position. The context-index of the dependent neighboring blocks is updated if and only if their context-index changes from the initialized values.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the invention a method provides for processing a mention in textual content being input to a content provider. The method can include detecting input by a user of the content provider of the mention and identifying a member of a mention provider such as a social network based on the mention while maintaining privacy of information about the member with respect to the content provider. In some embodiments a computer program product for processing the mention includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. In some embodiments of the invention, a system for processing the mention includes a computer system readable media with a program module embodied therewith to detect the mention in the textual content as provided to a content provider. A network adapter with the system can provide the program module or program modules over a network.

Abstract: A method for coding a current block using an intra-prediction mode includes defining a mapping from available intra-prediction modes to intra-prediction classes; determining, using the mapping, a first intra-prediction class of a first intra-prediction mode used for decoding a first neighboring block of the current block; determining, using the mapping, a second intra-prediction class of a second intra-prediction mode used for decoding a second neighboring block of the current block; using the first intra-prediction class and the second intra-prediction class as indices into a list of available context models to select a context model for coding the intra-prediction mode; and coding the intra-prediction mode using the context model. A first number of the intra-prediction classes is smaller than a second number of the available intra-prediction modes. each class is an ordinal value, and each available intra-prediction mode uniquely maps to one class of the intra-prediction classes.

Abstract: A system for multiple subject attention tracking includes: an input video controller to receive images of a plurality of people in an audience viewing an event occurring in a presentation area; a gaze detection circuit to: determine a plurality of gaze vectors of respective people of the plurality of people based on the images; and identify a fixation area using the plurality of gaze vectors; and a presentation controller to control at least one of a camera or a spotlight, to focus on the fixation area.

Abstract: Techniques and tools for performing fading compensation in video processing applications are described. For example, during encoding, a video encoder performs fading compensation using fading parameters comprising a scaling parameter and a shifting parameter on one or more reference images. During decoding, a video decoder performs corresponding fading compensation on the one or more reference images.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus, comprising a decompression unit configured to decompress a compressed raw moving image file to generate an uncompressed raw moving image file, wherein the decompression unit generates a full-size uncompressed raw moving image file from full-size uncompressed raw image data obtained by decompressing each of a plurality of pieces of compressed raw image data included in the compressed raw moving image file, and when the compressed raw image data is data that has been hierarchically compressed, generates a reduced-size uncompressed raw moving image file from reduced-size uncompressed raw image data obtained by decompressing some data of each of the plurality of pieces of compressed raw image data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for compression and/or unification of statistical analysis system (SAS) data is provided. In one embodiment, a request to open a unified and compressed statistical analysis system (SAS) view file is received. The unified and compressed SAS data step view file including: an SAS data step view; compressed payload data to be used in the SAS data step view when decompressed; and a set of metadata describing characteristics of variables of the SAS data step view. Upon receiving the request, the compressed payload data is automatically decompressed, such that compressed payload data is decompressed and usable with the SAS data step view to render the SAS data step view and decompressed payload data on an electronic display of a client or host providing the request.

Abstract: An image processing method and device is configured to convert an obtained image to be processed into a grayscale chrominance YUV mode image; determine an equilibrium mapping curve of a whole grayscale image according to the grayscale image in the YUV mode image; divide the whole grayscale image into a plurality of sub-regions, and determine a mapping restriction parameter for each pixel in each of the sub-regions; adjust a grayscale value of each pixel in the grayscale image according to the determined equilibrium mapping curve of the whole grayscale image and the mapping restriction parameter of each pixel in each of the sub-regions; and convert the adjusted grayscale image into an image of original mode. an image is processed using an equilibrium mapping curve and a plurality of mapping restriction parameters present the image details well and greatly reduce the calculation amount.

Abstract: A medical observation apparatus includes: an imaging unit configured to capture a subject image and output an image signal; a memory unit configured to temporarily store and output the image signal; an abnormality detection unit configured to detect an abnormality in the memory unit; a thinning-out processing unit provided in parallel with the memory unit and configured to perform thinning-out processing on the image signal; a first selector configured to select and output one of the image signals output from the memory unit and from the thinning-out processing unit; an image processing unit configured to perform image processing on the image signal; and a first selection controller configured to control the first selector such that the first selector selects the image signal output from the memory unit when no abnormality is detected and selects the image signal output from the thinning-out processing unit when an abnormality is detected.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a storage device and a processor. The storage device may store a plurality of compressed images comprising one or more compressed master images and one or more compressed slave images.

Abstract: This invention can control a code amount while suppressing image quality degradation of a virtual view-point image. An image processing apparatus comprises a reception unit which receives encoded image data from an image capturing device of interest among a plurality of image capturing devices, a determination unit which determines, based on an index value of an image quality represented by encoded image data received in the past from the image capturing device of interest and the index value of an image quality represented by encoded image data transmitted by another image capturing device, a permissible range of a target image quality of a captured image, and a setting unit which sets, in an encoding unit of the image capturing device of interest, an encoding parameter according to an image quality in the determined permissible range.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that capture and compress frames of pixel data. In an implementation, an image sensor chip is configured to convert light into pixel data and generate compressed pixel data at a variable compression rate including applying a transform to pixel data associated with a pixel category from a plurality of pixel categories. The variable compression rate is within an available bandwidth of an output bus configured to output the compressed pixel data.

Abstract: The value of a quantization parameter for at least one second color component of an image or image portion is determined using a current color format among several possible color formats. The determination comprises the steps of selecting at least one function associated with a possible color format, and determining the value of the quantization parameter for the second color component by applying said at least one function to a value of an intermediate quantization parameter which is based on the value of the quantization parameter of the first color component of the image or image portion. The at least one function is selected independently from the current color format.

Abstract: Gaze tracking data may representing a user's gaze with respect to one or more images transmitted to a user are analyzed to determine one or more regions of interest. The one or more transmitted images are selectively compressed so that fewer bits are needed to transmit data for portions of an image outside the one or more regions interest than for portions of the image within the one or more regions of interest.

Abstract: A method of coding at least one image comprising the steps of splitting the image into a plurality of blocks, of grouping said blocks into a predetermined number of subsets of blocks, of coding each of said subsets of blocks in parallel, the blocks of a subset considered being coded according to a predetermined sequential order of traversal. The coding step comprises, for a current block of a subset considered, the sub-step of predictive coding of said current block with respect to at least one previously coded and decoded block, and the sub-step of entropy coding of said current block on the basis of at least one probability of appearance of a symbol.

Abstract: A method of encoding an image into a coded image, the method comprising: writing a quantization offset parameter into the coded image, determining a prediction mode type for coding a block of image samples of the image into a coding unit of the coded image, determining a quantization parameter for the block of image samples, and determining if the prediction mode type is of a predetermined type, wherein if the prediction mode type is of the predetermined type, the method further comprises: modifying the determined quantization parameter using the quantization offset parameter, and performing a quantization process for the block of image samples using the modified quantization parameter, and wherein if the prediction mode type is not of the predetermined type, the method further comprises: performing a quantization process for the block of image samples using the determined quantization parameter.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for transmitting high quality multimedia data from a device for live and on-demand viewing. The device adjusts the quality of a single multimedia data stream based on one or more factors, such as the available bandwidth of a wireless link with a server, whether there are any “live” subscribers of the multimedia data stream, whether any “live” subscribers are interacting with the device, and a change in the privacy settings of the user of the device. Any data that was removed from the multimedia data stream before it was transmitted to a server is subsequently sent to the server. The server generates multiple versions of the multimedia data stream that vary in terms of quality. The server selects which version of the multimedia data stream to transmit to a subscriber of the multimedia data stream based on one or more criteria.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to allocation of bits in a media stream. In an example, a video stream is segmented into groups of pixels. A determination of a class type is made for individual ones of the groups of pixels. The determination can be based at least in part on semantic similarity of the class type and of a scene represented in the groups of pixels. A further determination occurs for sets of classified data associated with regions of interest (ROIs) according to the determined class type. Masking data associated with the sets of classified data is provided and confidence measures associated with the sets of classified data and the ROIs are determined. Bits are then allocated for groups of pixels based on the masking data and the confidence measures. Thereafter, a bit stream with the bits can be transmitted for playback on a computing device.

Abstract: A data optimization unit divides data of a TCP application into chunks. Then, the data optimization unit calculates a hash value with respect to the chunk, and searches a hash information storage unit from the hash value and a data size of the chunk, and thus, determines duplication of the chunk. Then, in a case where there is no duplication of the chunk, the data optimization unit stores the chunk, and stores the hash value, the data size of the chunk, and the position of the chunk in a hash information storage unit. Then, the data optimization unit compresses the chunk, and transmits compressed data to a transport optimization unit.

Abstract: A device for coding video data is configured to code a first syntax element, wherein a value for the first syntax element indicates whether there is at least one non-zero transform coefficient level associated with a first block of video data; determine a context for a second syntax element based on the value for the first syntax element, wherein the second syntax element indicates coding mode information for a second block of video data; and code the second syntax element based on the determined context.

Abstract: A device includes processing circuitry configured to identify a set of pre-stored residual samples in video data that is stored to a memory, to combine the set of stored residual samples to form a combination, to apply a first sign combination to transform coefficients of the combination to obtain a first hypothesis reconstruction for a current block of the video data, and to apply a second sign combination to the transform coefficients of the combination to obtain a second hypothesis reconstruction for the current block. The processing circuitry is further configured to derive respective cost functions with respect to the first and second hypothesis reconstructions, to compare the respective derived cost functions, to select, based on the comparison, either the first or second hypothesis reconstruction, and to code the current block using a sign prediction associated with the selected one of the first or second hypothesis reconstruction.

Abstract: An entropy encoder includes an entropy encoding circuit and a size determining circuit. The entropy encoding circuit receives symbols of a pixel group, and entropy encodes data derived from the symbols of the pixel group to generate a bitstream segment which is composed of a first bitstream portion and a second bitstream portion. The first bitstream portion contains encoded magnitude data of the symbols of the pixel group, and the second bitstream portion contains encoded sign data of at least a portion of the symbols of the pixel group. The size determining circuit determines a size of a bitstream portion, wherein the bitstream portion comprises at least one of the first bitstream portion and the second bitstream portion.

Abstract: A programmed computer system receives an imaging study of the patient including metadata associated with the study. The metadata are analyzed to determine an anatomic region represented by the study. Additional imaging studies for the same patient are requested and the metadata associated with the additional studies are analyzed to determine relevant studies for the same or adjacent anatomic regions. Once the relevant prior studies have been identified, the computer requests the images associated with the identified prior imaging studies including the associated reports for review by a physician or other medical personnel.

Abstract: To transmit ultra-high-definition image data with high frame rate along with preferable backward compatibility on the reception side. Ultra-high-definition image data with high frame rate is processed to obtain image data in a base format for obtaining a high-definition image with base frame rate, image data in a first extension format for obtaining an ultra-high-definition image with base frame rate, and image data in a second extension format for obtaining an ultra-high-definition image with high frame rate. A base video stream including encoded image data of the image data in the base format, and two or one extended video stream including encoded image data of the image data in the first extension format and encoded image data of the image data in the second extension format are generated. A container in a predetermined format including the base stream and the extended video streams is transmitted.

Abstract: A display system for virtual reality and a method of driving the same are disclosed. In the display system for virtual reality, auxiliary image data, the number of which is smaller than the number of auxiliary sub pixels disposed in an auxiliary view region, is transmitted to a display device and the same auxiliary image data is supplied to sub-pixels of an auxiliary view region in which a user eye is not accurately focused. Accordingly, the display system for virtual reality reduces a volume of auxiliary image data supplied to the auxiliary view region to overcome latency.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a method for scene understanding based on a sequence of image frames. The method comprises converting each pixel of each image frame to neural spikes, and extracting features from the sequence of image frames by processing neural spikes corresponding to pixels of the sequence of image frames. The method further comprises encoding the extracted features as neural spikes, and classifying the extracted features.

Abstract: Innovations are provided for encoding and/or decoding video and/or image content using dictionary modes. For example, some innovations predict current pixel values from previous pixel values stored in a 1-D dictionary. Other innovations predict current pixel values from previous pixel values using a pseudo 2-D dictionary mode. Yet other innovations predict current pixel values from previous pixel values in a reference picture using an inter pseudo 2-D dictionary mode. Pixel values can be predicted from previous pixel values (e.g., stored in a dictionary) that are identified by an offset and a length. Yet other innovations encode pixel values using hash matching of pixel values.

Abstract: Embodiments are described for dynamically adapting video encoding to maintain a nearly stable frame rate based on processor capabilities and bandwidth, for example, by varying a quantization parameter. The quality of the encoded video can be varied to maintain the nearly constant frame rate, which may be measured from the number of encoded video frames being transmitted over a network interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to recreate real world application level test packets for network testing. Live network traffic is monitored within a live network infrastructure, and live traffic meta-data is then collected for this live traffic. Application level meta-data is then extracted from the live traffic meta-data and stored in one or more data storage systems. Subsequently, the application level meta-data is received from the one or more data storage systems, and application level test packets for network testing are then generated based upon the application level meta-data. Further, application level meta-data collected during a time slot can be segmented in multiple different data segments associated with different time periods within the time slot, and application level test packets can be generated using these different data segments. Further, the live traffic meta-data collection can occur within multiple time slots.

Abstract: An encoded bit stream is processed by a lossless decoding unit, an inverse quantization unit, and an inverse orthogonal transform unit in this order, to obtain orthogonally transformed coefficient data and encoding parameter information. The inverse orthogonal transform unit performs an inverse orthogonal transform on the coefficient data by using bases that are set beforehand in accordance with the locations of transform blocks in a macroblock indicated by the encoding parameter information. In this manner, prediction error data is obtained. An intra prediction unit generates predicted image data. An addition unit adds the predicted image data to the prediction error data, to decode image data. By using bases that are set in accordance with the locations of transform blocks, an optimum inverse orthogonal transform can be performed, and encoding efficiency can be increased.

Abstract: A graphics processing method and a graphics processing system are provided. A graphics processing method including: estimating a depth complexity of a tile generated by dividing a frame; visibility calculations are selectively performed with respect to at least one primitive included in the tile based on the estimated depth complexity of the tile; and performing rendering on the tile. A graphics processing apparatus includes one or more processors which determine a depth complexity of primitives input to a current tile and whether translucent primitives exist. The graphics processing apparatus may operate adaptively in a Tile Based Rendering (TBR) mode or a Tile Based Deferred Rendering (TBDR) mode according to the determination of depth complexity and a presence of translucent primitives.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus that continuously generates and records a sequence of RAW images, the image capturing apparatus comprising, an image capturing unit configured to generate a RAW image by shooting a subject, an encoding unit configured to generate encoded data by encoding the RAW image, and a recording/reproduction unit configured to record the encoded data in a recording medium and read out the encoded data from the recording medium, wherein the encoding unit includes a quantization unit configured to, when the sequence of RAW images are continuously generated, perform quantization while changing a quantization parameter within the same RAW image.

Abstract: An palette index map of a video coding unit may be flipped during palette coding if a large run of similar pixels are present at the beginning of the coding unit and a small run of similar pixels are present at the end of the coding unit. The flipping may enable efficient signaling and coding of the large run of pixels. An indication may be sent signaling the flipping. During decoding, an inverse flip may be performed to restore the pixels of the flipped coding unit to their original positions. Selection of a prediction mode for palette coding may take into account various combinations of an index mode run followed by a copy-above mode run. A prediction mode with die smallest per-pixel average bit cost may be selected. Palette sharing may be enabled.

Abstract: An image decoding method of decoding, on a block-by-block basis, image data included in a coded stream includes: deriving candidates for an intra prediction mode to be used for intra prediction for a decoding target block, the number of the candidates constantly being a plural number; obtaining, from the coded stream, an index for identifying one of the derived candidates for the intra prediction mode; and determining, based on the obtained index, one of the derived candidates for the intra prediction mode as the intra prediction mode to be used for intra prediction for the decoding target block.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for coding and decoding a depth map are provided. The coding method includes: obtaining prediction data corresponding to a current image block of the depth map, obtaining a predicted pixel value from the prediction data according to a preset step, and calculating a first average value of the prediction data according to the predicted pixel value, where the preset step is a positive integer except 1; obtaining a residual of the current image block according to the first average value of the prediction data and a pixel value of a pixel of the current image block; and coding the residual of the current image block. In this way, coding and decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: An image processing device has a layout analyzing portion extracting a character region from image data, an OCR processing portion generating text data of characters in the character region, and a document file generating portion. The document file generating portion selects either a first generation process or a second generation process based on the size of the character region. The first generation process is a process of generating a document file having a text box including text data attached to it. The second generation process is a process of generating a document file by writing the text data directly in the document file without using the text box.

Abstract: Judder artifacts are remedied in video coding system by employing frame rate conversion at an encoder. A source video sequence may be coded as base layer coded video at a first frame rate. An encoder may identify a portion of the coded video sequence that likely will exhibit judder effects when decoded. For those portions that likely will exhibit judder effects, video data representing the portion of the source video may be coded at a higher frame rate than a frame rate of the coded base layer data as enhancement layer data. Moreover, an encoder may generate metadata representing “FRC hints”—techniques that a decoder should employ when performing decoder-side frame rate conversion. An encoding terminal may transmit the base layer coded video and either the enhancement layer coded video or the FRC hints to a decoder. Thus, encoder infrastructure may mitigate against judder artifacts that may arise during decoding.