Abstract: An approximation of a DCT and a quantization are to be applied subsequently to digital data for compression of this digital data. In order to improve the transform, a predetermined transform matrix is simplified to require less operations when applied to digital data. In addition, elements of the simplified transform matrix constituting irrational numbers are approximated by rational numbers. These measures are compensated by extending a predetermined quantization to include the operations which were removed in the simplification of the predetermined transform matrix. The included operations are further adjusted to compensate for the approximation of elements of the simplified transform matrix by rational numbers. If the simplified transform matrix and the extended quantization are used as basis for implementation, a fast transform with a good resulting quality can be achieved. An approximation of an IDCT employed in decompression of compressed digital data can be simplified correspondingly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method that can improve encoding efficiency while preventing an increase in load. An extraction circuit 71 of a filtering prediction circuit 64 extracts motion compensation images for generating a prediction image in a high-resolution enhancement layer from reference frames in a low-resolution base layer. A filtering circuit 72 of the filtering prediction circuit 64 performs filtering, which involves upconversion and which uses analysis in the time direction, on a plurality of motion compensation images in the base layer extracted by the extraction circuit 71 to generate a prediction image in the enhancement layer. The present invention can be applied to, for example, an encoding apparatus and a decoding apparatus.

Abstract: A system having a downhole sensor device and a compression device to obtain a sparse representation of data in downhole telemetry applications is described. The downhole sensor device can collect sensor data while the downhole sensor device is within a borehole. The compression device is coupled to the downhole sensor device and configured to receive the sensor data. The compression device can determine a wavelet coefficient vector for at least one row of n-tuple vectors. The wavelet coefficient vector can have a sparse representation of one or more nonzero elements. The compression device can process the wavelet coefficient vector through a set of compression algorithms, and determine a minimal bit cost of the processed wavelet coefficient vector. The compression device can select a compression algorithm from the set of compression algorithms corresponding to the minimal bit cost. The compression device can generate compressed data based on the selected compression algorithm.

Abstract: Coding efficiency may be improved by subdividing a block into smaller sub-blocks for prediction. A first rate distortion value of a block optionally partitioned into smaller prediction sub-blocks of a first size is calculated using respective inter prediction modes and transforms of the first size. The residuals are used to encode the block using a transform of a second size smaller than the first size, generating a second rate distortion value. The values are compared to determine whether coding efficiency gains may result from inter predicting the smaller, second size sub-blocks. If so, the block is encoded by generating prediction residuals for the second size sub-blocks, and neighboring sub-blocks are grouped, where possible, based on common motion information. Each resulting composite residual block is transformed by a transform of the same size to generate another rate distortion value. The encoded block with the lowest rate distortion value is used.

Abstract: A computer-implemented process for automatic viewport re-leveling, in response to receiving a medical digital image, overlays the medical digital image with a floating viewport sized to represent a subset of the image to be viewed in a first instance. A limited set of brightness values is re-allocated to a set of pixels, within the subset of the image in the floating viewport that is less than a set of pixels in the medical digital image, in a second instance automatically. Responsive to the re-allocation, detail of local features within the subset of the image within the floating viewport in the second instance is accentuated.

Abstract: An information exchanging method, an information exchanging device, and a terminal are provided. The information exchanging method is applied to an audio terminal. The method includes: receiving an input instruction from a user; generating a content request message according to the input instruction and a connection state identifier of the audio terminal, and sending the content request message to a server, wherein the connection state identifier indicates whether the audio terminal is connected to the video display device; and receiving a content request response message returned by the server. Thus, voice instructions input by the user can be more accurately performed according to the connection state of the audio device.

Abstract: Generally, a computer implemented remote monitoring system which generates a viewable reduced byte data representation for each one of a plurality of analyzed instrument signals. Specifically, a flow cytometer remote monitoring system which generates a viewable reduced byte data representation for each one of a plurality analyzed flow cytometer signals.

Abstract: Image data of a format in which pixel data having a value of one color component among a predetermined plurality of color components is regularly arranged is converted to a data format in which each item of pixel data has values of the plurality of color components. After performing resizing processing on this image data, the image data is returned to the original data format. Thus, it is possible to perform resizing with a magnification ratio that is not limited to one divided by an integer.

Abstract: A server system transmits, in the case of holding a job for a processing apparatus at the time when connection to the processing apparatus has been established, a notification message indicating an occurrence of the job to the processing apparatus through the connection-established communication even in the case where no inquiry associated with the job is made from the processing apparatus through the connection-established communication.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for distinguishing biota, such as insect types, from overall images, images of their wings or of other body parts. The system and method exploit various techniques described herein, in combination with large scale capture of sample imagery to achieve a flexible mechanism for automated classification on biota of any type.

Abstract: An image processing system, and a method of operation thereof, including: a capture device for obtaining an input image block; and an image signal processing hardware including: a wavelet transform module for generating a transformed image block based on the input image block, the transformed image block having wavelet coefficients, a coding module including a scaling correction module for organizing binary values of the wavelet coefficients into bitplanes and for generating a scaled wavelet block with a scaling factor, the coding module for generating a compressed image block by scanning and coding the bitplanes of the scaled wavelet block, and a decoding module and an inverse wavelet transform module for generating an output image block by decoding, rescaling, and performing an inverse wavelet transform on the compressed image block for display on a display device.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for estimating an image fuzziness are provided. The method may comprise: acquiring an image; obtaining a multi-scale representation of the image by performing a multi-scale transform on the image; calculating gradients of the image and a normalized histogram of the gradients at each scale based on the multi-scale representation; calculating error vectors between the normalized histogram of gradients at each scale and a normalized original histogram of gradients of the image; performing a weighted summing on the error vectors by using respective weights to obtain a summed result, wherein the weights are determined based on a reciprocal of the sums of squares of the gradients of the image at each scale; estimating the ambiguity of the image based on the summed result.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention include computer-implemented methods for use of Haar wavelet transforms (HWT) to pre-process video frames that can then be compressed using a codec to produce a compressed video frame. A compressed video frame can then be transmitted, decompressed, post-processed and displayed in their original size and quality, thereby producing real-time high-quality reproduction of video sequences. Devices can implement methods of this invention and include mainframe computers, desktop computers, personal computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, wireless computers, television sets, set top boxes, cellular telephones, and computer readable media. Computer implemented steps can be easily and efficiently implemented in multicore parallel hardware architectures.

Abstract: Systems and methods for multi-representation dependency graphs are disclosed. A first representation of a dependency graph may be accessed using a processor. The first representation of the dependency graph may have a first type and include a plurality of nodes. A transition of the first representation of the dependency graph from a first state to a second state may be detected using the processor. In response to a detection of the transition of the first representation of the dependency graph from the first state to the second state, a second representation of the dependency graph may be updated. The second representation may have a second type different than the first type and include a plurality of tasks corresponding to the plurality of nodes. The second representation may further include one or more dependencies corresponding to one or more of the connections of the first representation.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, a technique is provided for reconstructing and analyzing a mesh surface based on a combination of 2.5D and 3D point data that involves building a hybrid spatial index whose nodes are labeled as containing 2.5D data or 3D data, and whose branching is adapted to such types of data. The hybrid spatial index is then used to reconstruct the mesh surface and analyze the mesh surface, taking advantage of more efficient algorithms adapted to specific types of data. The technique may allow for a hybrid spatial index that uses fewer nodes, and for use of 2.5D specific reconstruction and analysis algorithms for at least a part of the mesh surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for picture segmentation through columns and slices in video encoding and decoding. A video picture is divided into a plurality of columns, each column covering only a part of the video picture in a horizontal dimension. All coded tree blocks (“CTBs”) belonging to a slice may belong to one or more columns. The columns may be used to break the same or different prediction or in-loop filtering mechanisms of the video coding, and the CTB scan order used for encoding and/or decoding may be local to a column. Column widths may be indicated in a parameter set and/or may be adjusted at the slice level. At the decoder, column width may be parsed from the bitstream, and slice decoding may occur in one or more columns.

Abstract: A video encoder may use an adaptive Wiener filter inside the core video encoding loop to improve coding efficiency. In one embodiment, the Wiener filter may be on the input to a motion estimation unit and, in another embodiment, it may be on the output of a motion compensation unit. The taps for the Wiener filter may be determined based on characteristics of at least a region of pixel intensities within a picture. Thus, the filtering may be adaptive in that it varies based on the type of video being processed.

Abstract: A video encoding method including determining a phase shift between pixels of an enhancement layer image and a reference layer image, according to a scaling factor between the enhancement layer image and the reference layer image and a color format of the enhancement layer; selecting at least one filter coefficient set corresponding to the phase shift, from filter coefficient data including filter coefficient sets; generating an up-sampled reference layer image by extending a resolution of the reference layer image according to the scaling factor by performing interpolation filtering on the reference layer image by using the filter coefficient set; obtaining a prediction error between the up-sampled reference layer image and the enhancement layer image; generating an enhancement layer bitstream including the prediction error and a scalable codec; and generating a base layer bitstream by encoding the base layer images.

Abstract: A video encoder may use an adaptive Wiener filter inside the core video encoding loop to improve coding efficiency. In one embodiment, the Wiener filter may be on the input to a motion estimation unit and, in another embodiment, it may be on the output of a motion compensation unit. The taps for the Wiener filter may be determined based on characteristics of at least a region of pixel intensities within a picture. Thus, the filtering may be adaptive in that it varies based on the type of video being processed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding information obtaining apparatus. The apparatus includes: a determining module, configured to determine a transformation quantity according to a steering vector of an antenna form and a departure-angle range; a sending module, configured to send, to a terminal, information about the transformation quantity determined by the determining module, where the information about the transformation quantity is used by the terminal to determine a PMI according to the information about the transformation quantity, a codebook used for obtaining channel information, and a pilot measurement result; and a receiving module, configured to receive the PMI reported by the terminal. A network node sends a transformation quantity containing antenna information to a terminal, and the terminal feeds back a PMI according to the transformation quantity.

Abstract: Novel methods and systems for non-backward compatible video encoding are disclosed. The bitrates of the base layer and enhancement layer are dynamically assigned based on features found in scenes in the video compared to a machine learned quality classifier.

Abstract: A system can include a controller that employs an application interface to create and manage resources for encoding or transcoding an input media asset. The resources can include a media splitter to divide the input media asset into a plurality of media blocks. A media analyzer can analyze separately media content in each of the media blocks to determine respective encoding parameters for each of the media blocks based on a complexity for each of the respective media blocks. A plurality of encoders can encode or transcode, in parallel with each other, each of the media blocks based on the determined encoding parameters to generate an encoded media file in a target format.

Abstract: An image coding apparatus and method capable of suppressing a decrease in coding efficiency. The image coding apparatus includes: a coding unit that codes image data configured by plural layers; an interlayer prediction-related information generating unit that generates information relating to an interlayer prediction of the current slice in a case a layer of the current slice is an enhancement layer, and a slice type of current slice is a P slice or a B slice; and a transmission unit that transmits coded data of the image data generated by the coding unit and the information relating to the interlayer prediction generated by the interlayer prediction-related information generating unit. The apparatus and method, for example, may be applied to an image coding apparatus that scalably codes image data or an image decoding apparatus that decodes coded data acquired by performing scalable coding of the image data.

Abstract: An image coding apparatus and method capable of suppressing a decrease in coding efficiency. The image coding apparatus includes: a coding unit that codes image data configured by plural layers; an interlayer prediction-related information generating unit that generates information relating to an interlayer prediction of the current slice in a case a layer of the current slice is an enhancement layer, and a slice type of current slice is a P slice or a B slice; and a transmission unit that transmits coded data of the image data generated by the coding unit and the information relating to the interlayer prediction generated by the interlayer prediction-related information generating unit. The apparatus and method, for example, may be applied to an image coding apparatus that scalably codes image data or an image decoding apparatus that decodes coded data acquired by performing scalable coding of the image data.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing apparatus and method that are capable of enhancing encoding efficiency while suppressing a decrease in the efficiency of encoding processing. The image processing apparatus includes an encoding mode setter that sets, in units of coding units having a hierarchical structure, whether a non-compression mode is to be selected as an encoding mode for encoding image data, the non-compression mode being an encoding mode in which the image data is output as encoded data, and an encoder that encodes the image data in units of the coding units in accordance with a mode set by the encoding mode setter. The present disclosure can be applied to, for example, an image processing apparatus.

Abstract: A video encoding device includes a planar prediction unit using planar prediction, and a noise injecting unit for injecting pseudo-random noise into a prediction image of a planar prediction block when a reconstructed prediction error value for planar prediction is less than a threshold determined by the size of the planar prediction block. The video encoding device then uses the pseudo-random noise in linear interpolation for calculating the prediction image, based on the conditions under which a gradient distortion occurs, to suppress the gradient distortion.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing apparatus and method that are capable of enhancing encoding efficiency while suppressing a decrease in the efficiency of encoding processing. The image processing apparatus includes an encoding mode setter that sets, in units of coding units having a hierarchical structure, whether a non-compression mode is to be selected as an encoding mode for encoding image data, the non-compression mode being an encoding mode in which the image data is output as encoded data, and an encoder that encodes the image data in units of the coding units in accordance with a mode set by the encoding mode setter. The present disclosure can be applied to, for example, an image processing apparatus.

Abstract: A parallel processing starting unit 3 that partitions an inputted image into tiles each having a predetermined size, and distributes tiles obtained through the partitioning, and N tile encoding units 5-1 to 5-N each of that carries out a prediction difference encoding process on a tile distributed thereto by the parallel processing starting unit 3 to generate a local decoded image are disposed, and each of N tile loop filter units 7-1 to 7-N determines a filter per tile suitable for a filtering process on the local decoded image generated by the corresponding one of the tile encoding units 5-1 to 5-N, and carries out the filtering process on the local decoded image by using the filter.

Abstract: Coding efficiency may be improved by subdividing a block into smaller sub-blocks for prediction. A first rate distortion value of a block optionally partitioned into smaller prediction sub-blocks of a first size is calculated using respective inter prediction modes and transforms of the first size. The residuals are used to encode the block using a transform of a second size smaller than the first size, generating a second rate distortion value. The values are compared to determine whether coding efficiency gains may result from inter predicting the smaller, second size sub-blocks. If so, the block is encoded by generating prediction residuals for the second size sub-blocks, and neighboring sub-blocks are grouped, where possible, based on common motion information. Each resulting composite residual block is transformed by a transform of the same size to generate another rate distortion value. The encoded block with the value is selected for the bitstream.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for decoding a video bitstream having a plurality of pictures, the bitstream generated by a video coding system with sample adaptive offset (SAO), is provided, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining processed video data from a video bitstream; partitioning the processed video data into blocks, wherein each of the blocks is equal to or smaller than a picture and each block is comprised of a plurality of pixels; applying a first SAO compensation to each of the pixels in a processed video block; and applying a second SAO compensation to each of the pixels in the processed video block.

Abstract: An image encoding method is provided, in which image data divided into basic blocks is classified in units of groups and subgroups, wherein each group comprises at least one basic block and each subgroup comprises at least one basic block and is included in each group; an encoding mode for a predetermined group is determined in order to encode the predetermined group, wherein the encoding mode represents a mode for encoding data included in the predetermined group in units of one data processing unit selected from a group, a subgroup, and a basic block; and the data of the predetermined group is encoded according to the determined encoding mode. Detailed operations in the image encoding method are performed in consideration of the encoding mode of the group.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an image processing apparatus and method that are capable of enhancing encoding efficiency while suppressing a decrease in the efficiency of encoding processing. The image processing apparatus includes an encoding mode setter that sets, in units of coding units having a hierarchical structure, whether a non-compression mode is to be selected as an encoding mode for encoding image data, the non-compression mode being an encoding mode in which the image data is output as encoded data, and an encoder that encodes the image data in units of the coding units in accordance with a mode set by the encoding mode setter. The present disclosure can be applied to, for example, an image processing apparatus.

Abstract: Circuitry configured to generate an ROI mask by determining whether each of quantized wavelet coefficients constituting quantized image data is associated with an ROI or a non-ROI in an original image on the basis of the scaling amount of the Max-shift method, generate first image data by performing inverse quantization on the quantized image data after being scaled down, generate second image data having a specified decomposition level by performing inverse wavelet transformation on the first image data, generate a restored ROI mask having the same decomposition level as that of the second image data by performing a predetermined process on the ROI mask once or a plurality of times, generate masked image data by applying the restored ROI mask to the second image data, and perform the inverse wavelet transformation on the masked image data until a decomposition level becomes zero.

Abstract: Structure aware image denoising and noise variance estimation techniques are described. In one or more implementations, structure-aware denoising is described which may take into account a structure of patches as part of the denoising operations. This may be used to select one or more reference patches for a pixel based on a structure of the patch, may be used to compute weights for patches that are to be used to denoised a pixel based on similarity of the patches, and so on. Additionally, implementations are described to estimate noise variance in an image using a map of patches of an image to identify regions having pixels having a variance that is below a threshold. The patches from the one or more regions may then be used to estimate noise variance for the image.

Abstract: An audio identification system generates audio fingerprints and indexes associated with the audio fingerprints based on discrete and overlapping frames within a sample of an audio signal. The system applies a time-to-frequency domain transform to a time-sequence of frames, which may be filtered. The audio identification system then applies a time-variant transformation (e.g., a Discrete Cosine Transform) to the transformed frames and generates an audio fingerprint and index by selecting sets of coefficients of the time-variant transformation. The system selects coefficients that are less sensitive to possible noise and/or distortions in the underlying signal, such as low-frequency coefficients. The time-variant transformation provides sufficient sampling among the indexes by incorporating the phase information of the frames into the indexes. The system stores the audio fingerprint and other identifying information by index for efficient retrieval and matching of the retrieved fingerprints.

Abstract: Approaches introduce a pre-processing and post-processing framework to a neural network-based approach to identify items represented in an image. For example, a classifier that is trained on several categories can be provided. An image that includes a representation of an item of interest is obtained. Rotated versions of the image are generated and each of a subset of the rotated images is analyzed to determine a probability that a respective image includes an instance of a particular category. The probabilities can be used to determine a probability distribution of output category data, and the data can be analyzed to select an image of the rotated versions of the image. Thereafter, a categorization tree can then be utilized, whereby for the item of interest represented the image, the category of the item can be determined. The determined category can be provided to an item retrieval algorithm to determine primary content for the item of interest.

Abstract: A system for encoding and/or decoding video that include NAL unit types.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for unified significance map coding. An apparatus includes a video encoder for encoding transform coefficients for at least a portion of a picture. The transform coefficients are obtained using a plurality of transforms. One or more context sharing maps are generated for the transform coefficients based on a unified rule. The one or more context sharing maps are for providing at least one context that is shared among at least some of the transform coefficients obtained from at least two different ones of the plurality of transforms.

Abstract: An image decoding method which can improve both image quality and coding efficiency is an image decoding method for decoding a coded stream which includes a plurality of processing units and a header for the processing units, the coded stream being generated by coding a moving picture, the processing units including at least one processing unit layered to be split into a plurality of smaller processing units, the image decoding method including specifying a hierarchical layer having a processing unit in which a parameter necessary for decoding is stored, by parsing hierarchy depth information stored in the header, and decoding the processing unit using the parameter stored in the processing unit located at the specified hierarchical layer.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for processing video blocks. The method including transforming, via a transform unit, the video residual data using a single one-dimensional transform to generate a first set of coefficients associated with the video block; quantizing, via a quantization unit, the first set of coefficients to generate a second set of quantized coefficients, wherein the method for processing the video residual data includes bit-shifting any of the first and second sets of coefficients; entropy coding the second set of quantized coefficients after the bit-shifting; and transmitting the entropy coded second set of quantized coefficients. In certain embodiments, the bit shifting may include integer and/or fractional bit shifting.

Abstract: In a video conferencing application, a user viewing a scene can performing zooming by selecting an area in the scene, then dynamically switching a video feed of the scene to the selected area of the scene. The hardware and software of the video conferencing application can limit the video transmitted to the user to include only the selected area of the scene. Transmitting only the selected area of the scene, and excluding the non-selected area of the scene from transmission, can more efficiently use the available bandwidth of the video conferencing application.

Abstract: The present disclosure overcomes the limitations of the prior art by using blurring of edges. For example, a first image may contain an edge and a second image may contain the same edge as the first image. The two images may be captured by imaging systems with blur characteristics that vary differently as a function of object depth. For example, a dual-aperture system may simultaneously capture a faster f-number visible image and a slower f-number infrared image. Depth information may be generated by comparing blurring of the same edge in the two images.

Abstract: The present disclosure overcomes the limitations of the prior art by using partial blur kernels, rather than using full blur kernels. For example, single-sided blur kernels may be used in order to accommodate different edge orientations. In one aspect, the single-sided blur kernels may be used in order to accommodate edges caused by occlusions, where the two sides of the edge are at different depths.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for encoding sample adaptive offset (SAO) values in a video encoding process is provided, the method comprising: selecting an edge offset type; selecting one of one or more edge offset sub-classes; within at least one of the edge offset sub-classes, generating an interpolated pixel value that is related to a current pixel value; generating an offset value that is related to the interpolated pixel value; and optionally applying the offset value to at least the current pixel value to form an SAO compensated value.

Abstract: An image encoding apparatus includes a setting unit configured to set a combination of a vertical transform matrix and a horizontal transform matrix corresponding to the target image. The combination includes any of a plurality of transform matrices including a first transform matrix and a second transform matrix which increases a coefficient density compared to the first transform matrix if a one-dimensional orthogonal transformation in a direction orthogonal to a line of a group of reference pixels on at least one line is performed on the prediction error in the intra-prediction mode in which the group of reference pixels is referenced to generate an intra-prediction image.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer-readable storage media, and apparatuses for efficiently computing a computer vision operation are presented. In certain aspects, techniques are disclosed for receiving values from one or more pixels from a pixel array and representing those values for facilitating computer vision operations, such as Haar-like feature computations. In one implementation, the pixel values are represented as a hierarchy of computations; each level above the lower level of the hierarchy of computations comprises one or more values representing a computation of the values from a lower level of the hierarchy.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for constructing fonts from scanned images. In one embodiment, a method may include receiving a scanned image with a first glyph and a second glyph that correspond to a character in the image. The method may include generating an image representative of each of the first glyph and the second glyph, determining a default positioning of the first character, determining a positional reference line indicative of an alignment of certain characters, and a third positional reference line indicative of an alignment of different characters. The method may include determining an adjustment for the first glyph by determining a distance between the default positioning and the second positional reference line. The method may include assigning an identifier to the first glyph and generating a font file to be executed by a renderer for rendering the source text.

Abstract: Techniques for extracting hierarchical data stored in multiple records, flattening the hierarchical data, and storing the flattened data in a data warehouse. The data source may be an online transaction processing (OLTP) system that is designed to perform transaction processing and that stores hierarchy data in the form of multiple parent-child relationship records. The hierarchy data extracted from the data source is flattened and stored in a flattened form in a target system such as a data warehouse. A database function such as the SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH may be used as part of the flattening process.

Abstract: A data structure defining a high dynamic range image comprises a tone map having a reduced dynamic range and HDR information. The high dynamic range image can be reconstructed from the tone map and the HDR information. The data structure can be backwards compatible with legacy hardware or software viewers. The data structure may comprise a JFIF file having the tone map encoded as a JPEG image with the HDR information in an application extension or comment field of the JFIF file, or a MPEG file having the tone map encoded as a MPEG image with the HDR information in a video or audio channel of the MPEG file. Apparatus and methods for encoding or decoding the data structure may apply pre- or post correction to compensate for lossy encoding of the high dynamic range information.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus including an extractor which extracts from a bitstream first pattern information indicating whether residual samples of a current coding unit are equal to 0, and when the first pattern information indicates the residual samples are not equal to 0, extracts from the bitstream transformation index information indicating whether a transformation unit of a current level included in the current coding unit is split, a decoder which splits the transformation unit of the current level into transformation units of a lower level when the transformation index information indicates a split of the transformation unit of the current level, wherein the extractor further extracts second pattern information for the transformation unit of the current level when the transformation index information indicates a non-split of the transformation unit of the current level, wherein the second pattern information indicates whether the transformation unit of the current level contains one or more transform c