Abstract: A form image management system includes: a storage apparatus that stores a plurality of types of master images; and a computer that obtains a form image, that retrieves, from the storage apparatus, a master image having the highest correlation with the obtained form image from among the plurality of types of master images, that generates, as common-difference data, data of an image indicating a common-difference portion present in both a difference between the plurality of form images and a difference between the retrieved master image and one of the plurality of form images, that stores the common-difference data, that generates, in relation to each of the obtained form images, difference data relative to data which is the retrieved master image on which an image indicated by the common-difference data has been superimposed, and that stores the generated difference data in the storage apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a parameter calibration method. The method includes: acquiring a calibration template image, where the calibration template image is obtained by photographing a calibration template; performing corner detection on the calibration template image to extract image corners; calculating a radial distortion parameter according to the extracted image corners; performing radial distortion correction according to the calculated radial distortion parameter, so as to reconstruct a distortion correction image; and according to a perspective projection relationship between the calibration template and the reconstructed distortion correction image, calculating intrinsic and extrinsic parameters to implement parameter calibration, where the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters include: a matrix of intrinsic parameters, a rotational vector, and a translational vector.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for reducing noise in an image, in which a kernel that gives a weight to a pixel value with respect to determination of a similarity between patches is adaptively changed according to a reference patch, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for recording the same, and an image processing apparatus using the same, in which noise in an image is removed according to a noise removal algorithm based on non-local means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for deblurring a non-uniform motion blur using a multi-frame including a blurred image and a noise image is provided. The apparatus may provide a clearer image by estimating non-uniform motion blur information of the blurred image using the multi-frame, and performing estimation of the non-uniform motion blur information and obtaining of a latent image iteratively, thereby improving accuracy for estimating the non-uniform motion blur information, and reducing a processing time.

Abstract: A structure descriptor for an m×n pixel block of an image may be determined. The m×n pixel block may contain a primary pixel having a primary pixel value and a plurality of secondary pixels having respective secondary pixel values. The structure descriptor may include a plurality of structure indicators each associated with a respective secondary pixel. The respective structure indicators may be based on the primary pixel value and the respective secondary pixel value of the associated secondary pixel. Based on the structure descriptor, a structure value for the m×n pixel block may be determined. Based on the structure value, image processing may be applied to the m×n pixel block.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present invention relates to methods, systems, architectures, algorithms, designs, and user interfaces for capturing, processing, analyzing, displaying, annotating, modifying, and/or interacting with light-field data on a light-field capture device. In at least one embodiment, the light-field capture device communicates to the user information about the scene during live-view to aid him or her in capturing light-field images that provide increased refocusing ability, increased parallax and perspective shifting ability, increased stereo disparity, and/or more dramatic post-capture effects. Additional embodiments present a standard 2D camera interface to software running on the light-field capture device to enable such software to function normally even though the device is actually capturing light-field data.

Abstract: Techniques for improved image disparity estimation are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may comprise a processor circuit and an imaging management module, and the imaging management module may be operable by the processor circuit to determine a measured horizontal disparity factor and a measured vertical disparity factor for a rectified image array, determine a composite horizontal disparity factor for the rectified image array based on the measured horizontal disparity factor and an implied horizontal disparity factor, and determine a composite vertical disparity factor for the rectified image array based on the measured vertical disparity factor and an implied vertical disparity factor. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: The imaging device 1 includes an imaging unit 16 for taking an image, an image determination unit 54 for determining a position of a specific subject in the image, and a correction processing unit 55 for correcting the image such that, if the image determination unit 54 determines that the specific subject is positioned in an area other than the center of the image, the degree of correction of distortion due to lens aberration is stronger in the area other than the center of the image than in the center.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of enhancing images includes receiving one or more observed images, identifying wavelet bases, and determining a downsampling operator. A noise variance value is estimated and used to select a tuning parameter. A blurring kernel is estimated based on one or more system calibration parameter and used to determine a low-pass blurring filter operator. A cost function is created which generates one or more denoised super-resolution images based on the observed images and the plurality of wavelet bases. The cost function may include, for example, a sparsity inducing norm applied to the plurality of wavelet bases (with the tuning parameter applied to the sparsity inducing norm) and a constraint requiring the one or more denoised super-resolution images to be equal to a result of applying the low-pass blurring filter operator and the downsampling operator to the one or more denoised super-resolution images.

Abstract: In-stream rolling shutter compensation may be utilized to modify image data to compensate for detected camera motion. An image processor may perform motion matching on image data received from a camera sensor to determine whether and how the camera is moving. Strips of image data are analyzed to find matching locations between the current image and a previous image by generating graphical profiles for each image strip. The graphical profiles for the current strip are compared to corresponding profiles from the previous image to determine matching locations between the two frames. A motion vector for the strip may be computed based on spatial distances between the match locations of the current image and corresponding match locations of the previous frame. Image data for the current strip may be modified based on the motion vector to compensate for perceived camera motion as it is written out to memory.

Abstract: A method is provided that includes identifying a plurality of data sets, each data set is associated with a distribution model and each data set is associated with an image having a first noise level. The method includes partitioning the data sets into a plurality of groups and generating a best representative estimate for each group, the estimate is associated with a second noise level that is less than the first noise level. The method further includes annotating each group and receiving an input data set. The method includes assigning the input data set to a group and annotating the input data set according to that group's annotation.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing an image processing program causing a computer to execute an image processing on image data to be processed, the image processing program including an obtaining step obtaining the image data, a gradation conversion processing step performing gradation conversion processing on the image data at an intermediate part of gradation according to input/output characteristics having characteristics to which characteristics to reduce a contrast are added, and a correcting step making a correction to enhance a local contrast indicative of contrast at a local part of an image for the image data subjected to the gradation conversion processing by using a gain curve in which a degree of enhancement changes in accordance with luminance information of a pixel to be processed, and thus, bright and dark part gradations are improved while suppressing a change in a hue and color saturation as well as maintaining an apparent contrast.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus is arranged to process a first relatively underexposed and sharp image of a scene, and a second relatively well exposed and blurred image, nominally of the same scene, the first and second images being derived from respective image sources. The apparatus provides a portion of the relatively first underexposed image as an input signal to an adaptive filter; and a corresponding portion of the second relatively well exposed image as a desired signal to the adaptive filter. The adaptive filter produces an output signal from the input signal and the desired signal; and an image generator constructs a first filtered image from the output signal, relatively less blurred than the second image.

Abstract: A threshold matrix generating method includes: generating q(x, y, g) in which the number of dots in an initial dot pattern is varied; calculating an error matrix (ERR(x, y, g)) of q(x, y, g); calculating AVE(a, b) representing the uniformity of the number of dots in discrete blocks into which the dot pattern has been divided; determining two pixels, of which the dot positions are to be swapped, on the basis of ERR (x, y, g) and AVE(a, b); swapping the dot positions; calculating the evaluation value (MSE(n)) of q(x, y, g) after the positional swapping; and repeating the positional switch of the dots repeating the generation of q(x, y, g) and the positional swapping of the dots with q(x, y, g) functioning as the initial dot pattern until a q(x, y, g) satisfying MSN(n)<MSN(n?1) is obtained.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus which estimates a point spread function (PSF) of at least one input image, and the image processing apparatus includes: an S/N ratio estimation unit which estimates an S/N ratio of the input image at each spatial frequency; a restricted range calculation unit which calculates a restricted range that is a range of the spatial frequency in which the frequency component of the input images are restricted and that more likely includes a spatial frequency in which the S/N ratio is lower; a frequency restriction unit which generates a restricted image by restricting a frequency component of the input image within the restricted range; and a PSF estimation unit which estimates the PSF of the input image, using the restricted image.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method corrects line deficiency in radiographic systems. A Fourier transform element provides a one-dimensional Fourier transform on a line orthogonal to a line of a moire patterns appearing in an X-ray image during a use. A peak frequency detection element detects the peak frequency indicating the spatial frequency of the moire pattern on the basis of the results of one-dimensional Fourier transform. The detected peak frequency is transformed to a number of pixels in 1 cycle of the moire pattern by a pixel cycle conversion element. The line deficiency correction element obtains pixels of the same phase as the line deficiency pixel in the moire pattern from the number of pixels, and then corrects the line deficiency pixel by using the pixel value thereof. Since the number of pixels in 1-cycle is acquired from the moire pattern in the X-ray image, the line deficiency can be corrected.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for automatically retrieving information regarding optical properties of a scattering medium including receiving a first digital image and a first image quality value associated with the first digital image and sharpness of an edge of the first digital image, producing an optimized image, transforming the optimized image into an optimized optical transfer function, receiving a second digital image and a second image quality value associated with the second digital image and sharpness of an edge of the second digital image, identifying either the first or second digital image as an optimized digital image, and transforming the optimized optical transfer function into an optimized value of the optical parameter.

Abstract: Techniques and tools are described for performing perspective correction using a reflection. Reflective properties of a surface being photographed can be used to determine a rotation of the device taking the photograph relative to the surface. Light sourced or produced by the device can be used to create a reflection spot in the picture. A position of the reflection spot within the picture is calculated and used to determine the rotation. The rotation can be used for performing perspective correction on the picture, or on another picture taken by the device.

Abstract: An image processing device includes an isolated point noise detection section, and an isolated point noise correction section. The isolated point noise detection section determines whether or not isolated point noise is included within a given area based on a first index value that represents the range of first to nth pixel values being obtained by arranging the pixel values of pixels within the given area including an attention pixel in ascending or descending order, and a second index value that represents the range of a pixel value group being obtained by excluding at least one of the first pixel value and the nth pixel value from the first to nth pixel values. The isolated point noise detection section determines whether or not the attention pixel is a pixel that corresponds to isolated point noise when it has been determined that isolated point noise is included within the given area.

Abstract: Blotches may be identified and processed to reduce or eliminate the blotch. The blotch may be in just one of several separations and multiple separations may be used, for example, to identify the blotch. An implementation (i) compares a first component image of an image with a first component image of a reference image, (ii) compares a second component image of the image with a second component image of the reference image, and (iii) determines based on these comparisons whether the first component image of the image includes a blotch. Multiple image separations also, or alternatively, may be used, for example, to modify the blotch, as well as to evaluate whether a modification is beneficial.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method that includes a classifier that distinguishes objects based on their color shades. A moving window based operator looks at the color class of the adjacent objects and determines if an adjustment is necessary. If at least one of the objects is the type of interest and the color classes of the objects meet the criteria, then the boundary between the objects is subject to be adjusted. Two adjustment modes are discussed: “adjust-tagging” mode and “adjust-color” mode. In the adjust-tagging mode, a specific tag is sent down to the print engine to force the use of high addressability halftones for the boundary pixels in the darker object. In the adjust-color mode, a color lighter (usually white) than that of the lighter object is assigned to the boundary pixels in the lighter object. The width of the modified pixels along the boundary is configurable.

Abstract: Systems and methods of bad pixel cluster detection are disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a bad pixel correction module coupled to receive image data and adapted to perform a bad pixel cluster detection process. The bad pixel correction module includes logic to determine whether two test pixels have values that exceed a representative value of a group of surrounding pixels by more than a threshold amount. The threshold amount is determined via a table lookup.

Abstract: A fisheye correction with perspective distortion reduction method used for saving memory space and reducing perspective distortion includes a coordinate transformation function, a fisheye distorted image and a fisheye corrected image, the fisheye corrected image includes a plurality of pixels, for each pixel of the plurality of pixels, orderly calculating a coordinate value in the fisheye distorted image, and according to the coordinate value, calculating a pixel value of the fisheye corrected image via an interpolation method, wherein the coordinate transformation function includes a fisheye correction coordinate transformation, a perspective distortion reduction coordinate transformation and an image crop and scale coordinate transformation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a noise reduction device that includes a representative-value vector calculation unit that extracts from the neighboring region the pixels of a similarity region having a degree of similarity, greater than or equal to a threshold, to the notice pixel in a predetermined color space and calculates a representative-value vector of the pixels of the similarity region; a difference projection unit that projects a difference vector between a notice-pixel vector of the notice pixel and the representative-value vector in a specific direction of the color space; and a pixel-value correction unit that replaces an element of a vector obtained by adding the difference vector projected in the specific direction to the representative-value vector with the pixel value of the notice pixel.

Abstract: A system includes a way of improving an image obscured by airborne particles. The system includes a decomposition processor and an image generation processor. The decomposition processor decomposes an object of interest moving in a first image at a first rate of speed into at least one first subspace vector. This decomposition processor also decomposes fine particles moving at a different rate of speed than the object in the first image into at least one second subspace vector. The fine particles obscure the object of interest in a second image. The image generation processor generates based, at least in part on the first subspace vector and the second subspace vector, an image of the object without some of the fine particles obscuring the object of interest.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a motion sensing device, a communication interface; and a processor. The processor may receive a point of origin that corresponds to a spatial position of the apparatus. The processor may determine, responsive to detecting a user interface command and based on a plurality of values received from the motion sensing device, a spatial position of the apparatus relative to the point of origin, and to acquire an image of an object in a field of view of the apparatus. The processor may also determine a scale factor of the image based on at least the spatial position of the apparatus relative to the point of origin.

Abstract: Example embodiments presented herein are directed towards rolling shutter video stabilization utilizing three dimensional motion analysis. In stabilizing the rolling shutter video, a three dimensional motion of the device capturing the image may be determined or estimated. In some example embodiments the three dimensional motion may be a purely rotational motion, a purely translation motion, or a rotational and translational motion. The estimated three dimensional motion may be utilized to adjust the pixels of an image frame in order to rectify and stabilize the video image.

Abstract: A method and an image-reconstruction apparatus are disclosed for reconstructing image data on the basis of measurement data from an imaging system. In at least one embodiment of the process, initial image data, initially reconstructed from the measurement data, is optimized in an iterative optimization method utilizing a substantially edge-maintaining noise regularization term and an additional sparsity regularization term.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards methods and systems for capturing artifact-free biometric images of an eye. The eye may be in motion and in the presence of partially-reflective eyewear. The method may include acquiring, by a first sensor, a first image of an eye while the eye is illuminated by a first illuminator. The first image may include a region of interest. The first sensor may be disposed at a fixed displacement from the first illuminator and a second sensor. The second sensor may acquire, within a predetermined period of time from the acquisition of the first image, a second image of the eye. The second image may include the region of interest. An image processor may determine if at least one of the first and second images include artifacts arising from one or both of the first illuminator and eyewear, within the region of interest.

Abstract: Photon starvation causes streaks and noise and seriously impairs the diagnostic value of the CT imaging. To reduce streaks and noise, a new scheme of adaptive Gaussian filtering relies on the diffusion-derived scale-space concept in one embodiment of the current invention. In scale-space view, filtering by Gaussians of different sizes is similar to decompose the data into a sequence of scales. As the scale measure, the variance of the filter linearly relates to the noise standard deviation of a predetermined noise model in the new filtering method. The new filter has only one optional parameter that remains stable once tuned. Although single-pass processing using the new filter generally achieves desired results, iterations are optionally performed.

Abstract: Among other things, one or more techniques and/or systems for correcting projection data representative of an object under examination to account for drift in a radiation system are provided. System drift is measured by performing a drift calibration on the radiation system. During the drift calibration, a temperature of the radiation system is measured and one or more calibration tables, such as an air table and/or offset table, are corrected based upon the measured temperature to derive a theoretical projection (e.g., indicative of measurements that are expected to be acquired from the radiation system during the drift calibration). The theoretical projection is compared to an actual projection acquired during the drift calibration to measure a degree of drift. Based upon the measured degree of drift, one or more correction factors are determined to correct and/or otherwise adjust for system drift in a projection respective of the object.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for correcting for artificial deformations in anatomical modeling. One method includes obtaining an anatomic model; obtaining information indicating a presence of an artificial deformation of the anatomic model; identifying a portion of the anatomic model associated with the artificial deformation; estimating a non-deformed local area corresponding to the portion of the anatomic model; and modifying the portion of the anatomic model associated with the artificial deformation, based on the estimated non-deformed local area.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus that converts a frame rate by creating a sub-frame from an input frame and outputting the sub-frame, the image processing apparatus includes a generation unit configured to generate the sub-frame from the input frame, a calculation unit configured to calculate a feature amount of brightness of the input frame, and a control unit configured to perform control so as to reduce luminance of the sub-frames generated by the generation unit based on the feature amount calculated by the calculation unit.

Abstract: The image reading apparatus includes a light transmissive member, a first light source causing a first light to enter the light transmissive member from a first side face of side faces thereof, a second light source illuminating a document laid on an upper face of the light transmissive member with a second light, an image sensor photoelectrically converting an optical image, and an imaging optical system forming on image sensor the object image with light exiting from the light transmissive member. The first light source is disposed such that the first light emitted therefrom and entering the light transmissive member from the first side face satisfies a total reflection condition at the upper and lower faces of the light transmissive member.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for reducing image artifacts in X-ray image data includes dividing pixels of X-ray image data into a plurality of pixel value regions based on a pixel value of each pixel, wherein each pixel value region has a different range of pixel values. The method also includes generating calibrated X-ray image data for each pixel value region, wherein the respective calibrated X-ray image data for each pixel value region is generated using a different dose of radiation. Further, the method includes calculating a gain slope for each pixel value region based on the calibrated X-ray image data, and calculating a pixel gain correction for the pixels of the X-ray image data based on at least one of the calculated gain slopes.

Abstract: A display apparatus with an image-capturing function includes an outputting unit configured to output an image signal to an external apparatus, an inputting unit configured to input an image signal from the external apparatus, an image-capturing unit, a display unit, an image-capture-distortion corrector configured to perform image-capture-distortion correction on an image signal captured by the image-capturing unit, a display-distortion corrector configured to perform display-distortion correction, and a controller configured to control whether or not the image-capture-distortion corrector is to perform the image-capture-distortion correction, and whether or not the display-distortion corrector is to perform the display-distortion correction.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a relative coordinate acquiring portion for acquiring a corresponding position over the input image to a predetermined pixel in a rectangular region obtained by dividing the output image, a reference region specifying portion for specifying a reference region including a corresponding region over the input image of the rectangular region for a plurality of rectangular regions arranged continuously over the output image respectively, a reading region determining portion for merging each reference region related to each of the rectangular regions, thereby obtaining a merging region, reading control means for reading a pixel value of each pixel included in the merging region in the input image, and correction processing means for executing the distortion correction processing by using a pixel value of a pixel which is read through the reading control means, thereby acquiring a pixel value of the output image.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for applying a filter to an image comprising: receiving a filter setting, selecting a selected filter from a family of filters stored on a computer-readable storage medium, based at least on the filter setting, wherein the family of filters comprises a plurality of filters each being an approximation of a function on different orders, and applying the selected filter to a stored image with a processor.

Abstract: A method of multi-frame image noise reduction suitable for an image-capturing device includes following steps: obtaining a current frame and multiple reference frames; defining a mask and a target point in the mask; judging whether the target point pixel of the current frame is on an edge according to an edge map of the frame; when the pixel is on the edge, using the pixels in the reference frames on the edge to calculate a replacement result; when the target point pixel is not on the edge, using the pixels in the reference frames surrounding the target point to calculate a replacement result; after that, generating a pixel corresponding to the position of the target point in an output image according to the replacement result; further, moving the mask and going back to judge whether the pixel of the target point of the current frame is on the edge.

Abstract: Provided is a method for assessing image quality using quantization codes, which includes: filtering an original image and a distorted image; generating phase quantization codes from the filtering result; calculating a Hamming difference between the phase quantization code of the original image and the phase quantization code of the distorted image; and assessing image quality of the distorted image by using the calculated Hamming difference. According to the present disclosure, since pixel values of the original image and the distorted image are mapped onto a quantized complex plane and then binary code operation is performed, it is possible to easily implement image quality assessing hardware and also ensure excellent image quality assessing performance.

Abstract: A method to process radiological images is provided. The method comprises partitioning a radiological image of a region to be treated into a superimposition of layers, the region to be treated comprising at least one first structure and a second structure, wherein one layer solely comprises part of the first structure to be isolated from the remainder of the image, the layer solely comprising that part of the first structure to be isolated from the remainder of the image being determined by means of a parametric model of the first structure. The method further comprises determining an image of the region to be treated from the layering thus obtained, in which the isolated part of the first structure is omitted.

Abstract: System and method for image improvement comprising providing a series of frames; summing pixel values to obtain frame intensity; computing average frame intensity; determining frame intensity deviation for each frame by subtracting average frame intensity from frame intensity; determining an array of average pixel values (AAPV) and subtracting AAPV from the pixel value arrays to determine positive or negative pixel deviation values; grouping frames in first or second groups depending positive or negative frame intensity deviation; selecting all pixel values having a positive or negative deviation value and creating subgroups of positive or negative pixel deviation value frames, multiplying the pixel deviation value frames in each subgroup by frame intensity deviation to create first product arrays, which are summed together and divided by total number of frames to obtain second product arrays for each subgroup; selecting one or more of second product arrays to generate an image.

Abstract: A system for contextualizing noisy samples by substantially minimizing noise induced variance may include a memory, an interface, and a processor. The memory is operative to store exemplars. The processor is operative to receive, via the interface, a sample which includes exemplar content corresponding to one of the exemplars, and noise. Variance induced by the noise may differentiate the sample from one or more of the exemplars. The processor may generalize the sample and the exemplars in order to substantially minimize the variance. The processor may compare the generalized sample to the generalized exemplars to identify the exemplar corresponding to the exemplar content of the sample. The processor may contextualize the sample based on a document type of the identified exemplar. The processor may present the contextualized sample to a user to facilitate interpretation thereof, and in response thereto, receive data representative of a user determination associated with the noise.

Abstract: A method for analyzing seismic data by generating a post-migration common image gather in a dip angle domain from measured seismic data; detecting concave features related to reflection events in the common image gather and apexes; filtering out part of the concave features in the common image gather in a vicinity of the detected apexes; applying a hybrid Radon transform to the filtered common image gather to separate residues of the concave features from other image features related to diffraction events; and applying an inverse hybrid Radon transform to an image containing the separated features related to diffraction events to obtain a transformed common image gather in the dip angle domain.

Abstract: A system uses range and Doppler velocity measurements from a lidar system and images from a video system to estimate a six degree-of-freedom trajectory (6DOF) of a target. The 6DOF transformation parameters are used to transform multiple images to the frame time of a selected image, thus obtaining multiple images at the same frame time. These multiple images may be used to increase a resolution of the image at each frame time, obtaining the collection of the superresolution images.

Abstract: Removal of the effects of dust or other impurities on image data is described. In one example, a model of artifact formation from sensor dust is determined. From the model of artifact formation, contextual information in the image and a color consistency constraint may be applied on the dust to remove the dust artifacts. Artifacts may also be removed from multiple images from the same or different cameras or camera settings.

Abstract: A method and device for using a small area-array sensor to produce a larger image of a biological object is disclosed. In a method according to the invention, the presence of a biological object is detected, and images of the biological object are collected using the area-array sensor. Pixels from at least some of the collected area-images are discarded to produce a set having modified area-images, and the area-images of the set are combined to form an extended image using an image merging algorithm.

Abstract: A color-unevenness inspection apparatus includes: an image pickup section picking up an image of an inspection target in a color-unevenness inspection; and an image generation section generating an uneven-color image by, in the picked-up image of the inspection target obtained by the image pickup section, calculating a chroma in each unit region and identifying an uneven-color region based on a magnitude of the calculated chroma. The color-unevenness inspection apparatus further includes: a calculation section calculating, for the uneven-color region in the uneven-color image, an evaluation parameter to be used in the color-unevenness inspection; and an inspection section performing the color-unevenness inspection based on the calculated evaluation parameter. The image generation section calculates the chroma, in each unit region of the picked-up image, while performing correction processing that reflects variations in color-unevenness visibility from color to color.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for smoothing random event data obtained from a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner. The method includes obtaining initial random event data u(s, ?, t=0)=u0(s, ?), corresponding to t=0, calculating second-order central differences uss, u?? with respect to s, ?, calculating a gradient ut, using ut=2(uss+u??)??(u?u0), where ? is a constant parameter, and updating the random event data using u(s, ?, t2)=u(s, ?, t1)+?t ut, where ?t=t2?t1, t1=0 in a first iteration, and ?t is greater than 0. The method repeats the steps of calculating the second-order central differences, calculating the gradient, and updating the random event data until a change in u(s, ?, t) from a previous iteration is less than a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A method includes generating enhanced image data based on lower dose image data and a predetermined image quality threshold, wherein an image quality of the enhanced image data is substantially similar to an image quality of higher dose image data, and a system includes an image quality enhancer (128) that generates enhanced image data based on lower dose image data and a predetermined image quality threshold, wherein an image quality of the enhanced image data is substantially similar to an image quality of higher dose image data.