Abstract: A method of generating a depth map (122) comprising depth values representing distances to a viewer, for respective pixels of an image (100), is disclosed. The method comprises: computing a cost value for a first one of the pixels (108) of the image by combining differences between values of pixels which are disposed on a path (112) from the first one of the pixels (108) to a second one of the pixels (110) which belongs to a predetermined subset of the pixels of the image; and assigning a first one of the depth values corresponding to the first one of the pixels (108) on basis of the cost value.

Abstract: A method for obtaining three-dimensional surface points of an object in an object coordinate system having two groups of steps. The method includes providing a set of target positioning features on the object. In a first group of steps, acquiring 2D first images of the object, extracting 2D positioning features; calculating a first set of calculated 3D positioning features; computing first transformation parameters, cumulating the first set of transformed 3D positioning features to provide and augment the set of reference 3D positioning features. In a second group of steps, providing a projected pattern on a surface of the object; acquiring 2D second images of the object, extracting 2D surface points and second sets of 2D positioning features; calculating a set of 3D surface points; calculating a second set of calculated 3D positioning features; computing second transformation parameters, transforming the 3D surface points into transformed 3D surface points.

Abstract: A method of determining a distance of a source point to a surface of an object in three-dimensional space, wherein the object is represented by a decision rule and a plurality of volume elements arranged in slices comprising rows and columns, wherein each volume element carries at least one value, and wherein the decision rule determines membership of each volume element to the object in accordance with the at least one value of the volume element, the method comprising: determining a contour of a representation of the object within each slice; locating on the contour of each slice a homing point closest to the source point; fitting a curve to the located homing points; determining a distance from the source point to the fitted curve; and equating the determined distance as the distance of the source point to the surface of the object.

Abstract: Methods and systems for creating three-dimensional models from two-dimensional images are provided. According to one embodiment, a method of creating an inflatable icon involves a vectorizing module polygonizing an input image to produce an inflatable image by representing a set of pixels making up the input image as polygons. The inflatable image is then extruded by an extrusion module by generating appropriate z-coordinate values for a reference point associated with each polygon of the inflatable image based upon a biased diffusion process. End-user controlled pressure modulation is supported by an interface module by (i) adjusting one or more modulation functions employed by the biased diffusion process based upon end-user input regarding relative modulation bias for a selected set of one or more pixels associated with the inflatable image or (ii) applying the biased diffusion process to only the selected set of one or more pixels.

Abstract: Methods, computer programs, and computer systems facilitate deriving three-dimensional measurement information and/or creating three-dimensional models and maps, from single images of three-dimensional objects. Aspects of the invention include obtaining at least one two-dimensional single image of the object, deriving three-dimensional coordinate information associated with the image, and obtaining three-dimensional measurements based on projection and/or shadow measurements of the object and metadata derived from the single image. In another aspect of the method, the method includes the further step of creating three-dimensional models or maps based on the projection and/or shadow measurements.

Abstract: Techniques in a data processor for drawing a density surface on a map in a manner that more accurately accounts for projection distortion in the map. According to one embodiment, data is maintained that represents a geotagged event. A map plane is divided into a plurality of cells and an origin cell corresponding to the geotagged event is identified. Density values are allocated to cells surrounding the origin cell based on geodetic distances between geographic coordinates corresponding to surrounding cells and the geographic coordinate of the geotagged event. A density surface based on the cell allocations is then displayed on a map. By allocating density values to cells based on geodetic distances, the resulting density surface displayed on the map more accurately accounts for projection distortions in the area of the map on which density surface is displayed.

Abstract: A “texture generator” uses an inverse texture synthesis solution that runs in the opposite direction to traditional forward synthesis techniques to construct 2D texture compactions for use by a graphics processing unit (GPU) of a computer system. These small 2D texture compactions generally summarize an original globally variant texture or image, and are used to reconstruct the original texture or image, or to re-synthesize new textures or images under user-supplied constraints. In various embodiments, the texture generator uses the texture compaction to provide real-time synthesis of globally variant textures on a GPU, where texture memory is generally too small for large textures. Further, the texture generator provides an optimization framework for inverse texture synthesis which ensures that each input region is properly encoded in the output compaction. In addition, the texture generator also computes orientation fields for anisotropic textures containing both low- and high-frequency regions.

Abstract: A method of point picking on a fused volume rendered view of multiple registered volumes having the following steps: selecting a rendered pixel, finding the projection ray through the rendered pixel, finding the intersection segment of the projection ray with the fused volume, traversing the intersection segment according to a traversing intersection point, calculating the intermediate fused volume rendered value at each traversing intersection point, evaluating a stop condition at each traversing intersection point leading to a final fused volume rendered value, outputting the coordinates of the traversing intersection point where the stop condition was reached as the picked point.

Abstract: An apparatus generates, by introducing a concept called “virtual viewpoint model”, a CG image for use with a 3-D display through single rendering operation from a single viewpoint without adoption of a process for performing CG rendering operation from a plurality of viewpoints as in the case of a related-art technique and iterating CG rendering while the viewpoint is being changed.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present invention may relate to a device and a method of enabling the stabilization of a series of retinal angiography images to provide a coherent serial display, the method comprising: locally matching a pair of overlapping images, said locally matching includes at least providing a best offset vector for the images, wherein the best offset vector is provided based upon a matching of features from overlapping portions of the images; globally matching at least a triplet of matching pairs of images, wherein pairs of globally matching images include locally matching pairs whose best offset vector sum is substantially zero; choosing a key image; and aligning all the remaining images to the key image.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for transforming a wide-angle video image in to a Perspective view or a Cylindrical video image with reduced distortion.

Abstract: Camera motion is determined in a three-dimensional image capture system using a combination of two-dimensional image data and three-dimensional point cloud data available from a stereoscopic, multi-aperture, or similar camera system. More specifically, a rigid transformation of point cloud data between two three-dimensional point clouds may be more efficiently parameterized using point correspondence established between two-dimensional pixels in source images for the three-dimensional point clouds.

Abstract: A vision system that forms a map of a scene proximate a platform, e.g., a vehicle, that determines the actual ground plane form the map, and that corrects the map for differences between the actual ground plane and an assumed ground plane. The vision system may remove the actual ground plane from the map to prevent false positives. The vision system can further identify and classify objects and, if appropriate, take evasive action.

Abstract: A design support apparatus includes: a section that sets, as a reference plane in a virtual space, the plane of a mesh which is selected as a first mesh, from among meshes forming the shape of an object model displayed in the virtual space; a section that sets a vertex of the first mesh as a reference point; a section that sets a side of the first mesh that includes the reference point as a first axis and sets a axis other than the first axis that is included in the reference plane and passes the reference point as a second axis to set the first and second axes as coordinate axes; a section that sets the dimension of each coordinate axis; and a section that displays, in addition to the object model, the coordinate axes and the dimensions as a coordinate system of the reference plane.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for searching for 3-dimensional shapes. The apparatus includes, an input means, an acquisition module, a storage means, a comparison and search module, an output means, and control means. The input means receives 3-dimensional image data. The acquisition module acquires a 2-dimensional image data group about the shape of an object represented by the 3-dimensional image data. The comparison and search module compares the respective data of the acquired 2-dimensional image data group with the respective data of the 2-dimensional image data groups that are previously stored in the storage means, and searches for 3-dimensional image data. The control means controls the modules and the means.

Abstract: A mapping method is provided. The environment is scanned to obtain depth information of environmental obstacles. The image of the environment is captured to generate an image plane. The depth information of environmental obstacles is projected onto the image plane, so as to obtain projection positions. At least one feature vector is calculated from a predetermined range around each projection position. The environmental obstacle depth information and the environmental feature vector are merged to generate a sub-map at a certain time point. Sub-maps at all time points are combined to generate a map. In addition, a localization method using the map is also provided.

Abstract: Data of an examination object comprises a volume-data record and a plurality of two-dimensional projection images. The volume-data record includes voxels where each voxel is assigned to a location in three-dimensional space. Each projection image includes pixels where each pixel is assigned to a location in a two-dimensional-projection plane and has a value. Each pixel is assigned a projection volume, this being specified in that it is mapped by the radioscopy onto the pixel to which it is assigned. A sub-volume of the volume-data record is selected. The projection images are registered in relation to the volume-data record. A functional parameter of the examination object is specified for the pixels of the projection images, depending on their values. For each pixel, when specifying the functional parameter, consideration is given to the locations and/or the number of those voxels which are positioned both within the sub-volume and within the projection volume.

Abstract: A method for forming a three-dimensional (3D) map of an object, including illuminating the object from a light source so as to project a pattern onto the object, capturing an image of the pattern using an array of detector elements, and processing the captured image so as to measure respective offsets of elements of the pattern in the captured image relative to a reference pattern, the offsets including at least a first offset of a first element of the pattern and a second offset of a second element of the pattern, measured respectively in first and second, mutually-perpendicular directions in a plane of the array. The method further includes computing a correction factor in response to the first offset, applying the correction factor to the second offset so as to find a corrected offset, and computing depth coordinates of the object in response to the corrected offset.

Abstract: A self-localization device and a method thereof are provided. The self-localization device has a movable carrier, a first laser image-taking device and a processor. The movable carrier can be moved and rotated on a plan. During the motion of the movable carrier, the first laser image-taking device disposed on the movable carrier acquires an i-th lot point data in the space at a time point ti, where i is one index number from 1 to n, and n is an integer. The processor controls the first laser image-taking device, and receives coordinates of the i-th lot point data. The processor executes a K-D tree algorithm to perform a comparison and merge process between the first and the i-th lots point data, so as to establish a two dimensional profile.

Abstract: An imaging acquisition system that generates a depth map from two pictures of a three dimensional spatial scene is described. According to one aspect of the invention, the system generates the depth map based on the relative blur between the two pictures and the absolute blur contributed by the system. According to another aspect of the invention, the system calculates the depth map directly from the relative blur between the two pictures.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a texture operation with user-specified offset positions are disclosed. Specifically, one embodiment of the present invention sets forth a method, which includes the steps of deriving a first destined texel position based on an original sample position associated with a pixel projected in a texture map and a first offset position specified by a user and fetching texel attributes at the first destined texel position for the texture operation.

Abstract: Systems and computer-implemented methods for use in body pose estimation are provided. Training data is obtained, where the training data includes observation vector data and corresponding pose vector data for a plurality of images. The observation vector data is representative of the images in observation space. The pose vector data is representative of the same images in pose space. Based on the training data, a model is computed that includes parameters of mapping from the observation space to latent space, parameters of mapping from the latent space to the pose space, and parameters of the latent space. The latent space has a lower dimensionality than the observation space and the pose space.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus is provided for determining the velocity vector, speed, and direction of moving vehicles traveling on roadways which change elevation and have curves. A camera mounted above a roadway observes at least one vehicles traveling in different directions on different roads. Each pixel in the two-dimensional optical image is mapped into a three-dimensional real world location to enable the moving vehicles to be analyzed in the three-dimensional real world as they travel on roads, which may change elevation and may have curves. The estimated vehicle velocities may be displayed on an image near the moving vehicle. Individual images with vehicle velocities may be posted on an Internet site. The sequence of optical images, or streaming video, with the displayed vehicle velocities may also be used for television news programs that show traffic moving on the roadways.

Abstract: Implementations of the present invention involve methods and systems for converting a 2-D multimedia image to a 3-D multimedia image by utilizing a plurality of layers of the 2-D image. The layers may comprise one or more portions of the 2-D image and may be digitized and stored in a computer-readable database. The layers may be reproduced as a corresponding left eye and right eye version of the layer, including a pixel offset corresponding to a desired 3-D effect for each layer of the image. The combined left eye layers and right eye layers may form the composite right eye and composite left eye images for a single 3-D multimedia image. Further, this process may be applied to each frame of a animated feature film to convert the film from 2-D to 3-D.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for three-dimensional scanning and digitization of the surface geometry of objects are claimed. The system includes a hand-held apparatus that is auto-referenced. The system is auto-referenced since it does not need any positioning device to provide the 6 degree of freedom transformations that are necessary to integrate 3D measurements in a global coordinate system while the apparatus is manipulated to scan the surface. The system continuously calculates its own position and orientation from observation while scanning the surface geometry of an object. To do so, the system exploits a triangulation principle and integrates an apparatus that captures both surface points originating from the reflection of a projected laser pattern on an object's surface and 2D positioning features originating from the observation of target positioning features.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a point is contained in a sub-volume of a digitized medical image, includes providing a tetrahedron volume mesh (TVM) representing a sub-volume of a digital image volume and a point M, finding a vertex P of said TVM that is closest to point M, finding a tetrahedron Ti in said TVM that defines a solid angle around point P where point M is located, wherein if M is inside Ti, then M is inside the TVM, if M is not inside Ti, finding a facet F of tetrahedron Ti through which a line PM connecting points M and P exits Ti, and determining whether a next tetrahedron Ti+1 of said TVM exists along line PM, wherein if no such tetrahedron Ti+1 exists, then point M is outside the TVM, and wherein if Ti+1 exists, determining whether point M is inside tetrahedron Ti+1.

Abstract: In a method for controlling the acquisition and/or evaluation operation of image data in medical examinations, using a statistical model of the target volume based on data about real anatomy, spatial information (in particular position, orientation and shape) of the target volume are automatically determined in a previously-acquired planning image data set wholly or partially showing a target volume, and the acquisition and/or evaluation operation is controlled using the spatial information.

Abstract: One method according to the present invention may include defining a first object. The first object may have a unique object identifier. The method may also include defining a second object. The second object may also have a unique object identifier. After the objects have been identified, the method may include receiving a first value and a second value associated with the first object. The method may also include representing either an agreement and a lack of agreement associated with the first object based on a relationship between the first value and the second value. In an alternative embodiment, both an agreement and a disagreement may be represented based on the first value and the second value. In one embodiment of the invention, the representation of an agreement and/or a disagreement may be performed internally, using, for example, hexadecimal or binary representations of agreement or a lack of agreement.

Abstract: A method for generating time-resolved 3D medical images of a subject by imparting temporal information from a time-series of 2D medical images into 3D images of the subject. Generally speaking, this is achieved by acquired image data using a medical imaging system, generating a time-series of 2D images of a ROI from at least a portion of the acquired image data, reconstructing a 3D image substantially without temporal resolution from the acquired image data, and selectively combining the time series of 2D images with the 3D image. Selective combination typically involves registering frames of the time-series of 2D images with the 3D image, projecting pixel values from the 2D image frames “into” the 3D image, and weighting the 3D image with the projected pixel values for each frame of the time-series of 2D images.

Abstract: An “Oblique Image Stitcher” provides a technique for constructing a photorealistic oblique view from a set of input images representing a series of partially overlapping views of a scene. The Oblique Image Stitcher first projects each input image onto a geometric proxy of the scene and renders the images from a desired viewpoint. Once the images have been projected onto the geometric proxy, the rendered images are evaluated to identify optimum seams along which the various images are to be blended. Once the optimum seams are selected, the images are remapped relative to those seams by leaving the mapping unchanged at the seams and interpolating a smooth mapping between the seams. The remapped images are then composited to construct the final mosaiced oblique view of the scene. The result is a mosaic image constructed by warping the input images in a photorealistic manner which agrees at seams between images.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products for creating composite images. In one approach, a method for generating an image, comprises the computer implemented steps of: adding a three dimensional (3D) object to a two dimensional (2D) image; rendering a representation of one of the objects in the 2D image viewable through a transparent or semi-transparent portion of the 3D object; and rendering an effect of refraction on one of the objects in the 2D image viewable through the transparent or semi-transparent portion of the 3D object. Additional embodiments are also presented.

Abstract: Provided is an article design support system featuring enhanced degree of freedom in terms of designing articles (for example, an article of furniture). A part space P surrounding a part incorporated in a cell space S is correlated with the cell space S, which is formed by a frame constituting a unit. The position (dimensions) of the part space P in the cell space S is defined by part space data specifying a relative position and relative dimensions using the cell space S as a reference. The position (dimensions) of a part in the part space P is defined by part (element) data specifying a relative position and relative dimensions using the part space P as a reference.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for the transforming of a 2D image into a 3D image. The method comprises the steps of: (a) selecting an object of 2D image; (b) setting a base line in the 2D image; (c) base on the base line, judging whether the object is located on the foreground or background of the 2D image; (d) offering a displacement to the object; (e) moving the object with the displacement to generate a plurality of continuous images; and (f) sequentially outputting each of the continuous images to generate the 3D image. Accordingly, after the user selects an object of 2D image, the method of the invention will automatically transform the 2D image into the 3D image.

Abstract: The invention provides improvements in reconstructive imaging of the type in which a volume is reconstructed from a series of measured projection images (or other two-dimensional representations) by utilizing the capabilities of graphics processing units (GPUs). In one aspect, the invention configures a GPU to reconstruct a volume by initializing an estimated density distribution of that volume to arbitrary values in a three-dimensional voxel-based matrix and, then, determining the actual density distribution iteratively by, for each of the measured projections, (a) forward-projecting the estimated volume computationally and comparing the forward-projection with the measured projection, (b) generating a correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection based on that comparison, and (c) back-projecting the correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection onto all voxels of the volume that were mapped into that pixel in the forward-projection.

Abstract: A method for creating an oblique-mosaic image from a plurality of source images is disclosed. Initially, a desired area to be imaged and collected into an oblique-mosaic image is identified and then a mathematical model of a sensor of a virtual camera is created, where the virtual camera has an elevation greater than an elevation of the area to be imaged. The mathematical model has an oblique-mosaic pixel map for the sensor of the desired area. A surface location is determined for each pixel included in the oblique mosaic pixel map, and at least one source oblique image pixel of the area to be imaged is reprojected for each pixel included in the oblique-mosaic pixel map to thereby create an oblique-mosaic image of the desired geographical area. The at least one single oblique-mosaic image is visually pleasing and geographically accurate. Further, techniques for compensating for building lean in oblique-mosaic images are disclosed.

Abstract: A graphics system allows for manipulation of a detail mesh for a subdivision surface. To deform the subdivision surface, the graphics system generates a corresponding deformed control mesh by attempting to satisfy both position constraints of the manipulation and Laplacian constraints for the detail mesh. After the deformed control mesh is generated, the deformed detail mesh can be generated by applying a subdivision function to the deformed control mesh to generate a deformed smooth mesh and then applying detail information to the deformed smooth mesh.

Abstract: A lighting fixture and method for creating visual effects include a light box having an interior, a reflective inner surface and an opening, a plate covering the opening, a 3-dimentional image on the plate having a first depth, at least one light source disposed in the interior for illuminating the image with evenly spread light. The light source is disposed at a second depth behind the image. A ratio of first to second depths is between 7:7 and 7:21. A plurality of interchangeable plates may be provided with respective 3-dimentional images for creating different effects. A method for creating a distorted image includes preparing a 2-dimensional image, sculpting a 3-dimensional model, vacuum forming and running a 3-dimentional grid, drawing a distorted outline onto a 2-dimentional grid with photo management software, digitally matching and stretching an original image to match the outline and removing the outline leaving the distorted image.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image processing apparatus and an image processing method for producing a three-dimensional image frame. The image processing method includes: applying an offset value to an object abstracted from a two-dimensional image frame; obtaining image information corresponding to a distorted area from another image frame; and compensating the distorted area with the obtained image information, with respect to the distorted area of the image information in the two-dimensional image frame by the offset value.

Abstract: A 3D shape estimation system has a storage device, a relative shape analysis module, a feature point location search module and an absolute shape analysis module. The storage device stores first and second learning data which represent illumination bases and 3D shapes of objects, respectively. The relative shape analysis module calculates an “illumination basis” of an object based on a 2D image of the object and the first learning data, calculates a “relative shape function” that is partial differential of a “shape function” indicating a 3D shape of the object from the illumination basis, and outputs a relative shape data indicating the relative shape function. The feature point location search module extracts a plurality of feature points from the input 2D face image based on the 2D image and the relative shape data, and outputs a feature point location data indicating locations of the feature points.

Abstract: An image transformation method for use in a computer program product and an image display device is provided. In the image transformation method, a two dimensional image and a corresponding depth image are acquired first. A motion process is performed on the two dimensional image to obtain a plurality of motion images according to the depth image and a plurality of gain values. Then, a plurality of view images are provided and an interpolation process is performed on each motion image to obtain the corresponding view image. Finally, a synthesis process is performed on the view images to obtain a three dimensional image.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) image generation apparatus and method using a region extension of an object in a depth map is provided. The 3D image generation apparatus may include a discontinuity preservation smoothing filtering unit to apply a discontinuity preservation smoothing filter preserving discontinuity of a boundary or a shape of a depth image, a boundary preservation filtering unit to apply a max filter to a depth image for increasing a depth value of an object, and a rendering unit to render a two-dimensional (2D) color image and the filtered depth image and to generate a 3D image.

Abstract: There is provided a three-dimensional image reconstructing apparatus for reconstructing a three-dimensional image of an object.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique to setup efficient bump mapping using a geometry shader. This approach uses a vertex shader, a primitive assembly unit, and a geometry shader. The vertex shader performs vertex operations, such as calculating a per-vertex normal vector, and emits vertex data. The primitive assembly unit processes the vertex data and constructs primitives. Each primitive includes a series of one or more vertices, each of which may be shared amongst multiple primitives, and state information defining the primitive. The geometry shader processes each primitive, calculating an object-space to texture-space mapping for each vertex of the primitive and, subsequently, using this mapping to transform the object-space view vector and the object-space light vectors associated with each vertex of the primitive to texture-space equivalents.

Abstract: A fast renderer for panoramic images is herein disclosed. In an embodiment, a precomputation is made of (a) a region on a surface defined by a first transformation from a viewport to the surface and (b) a second transformation that maps from the precomputed region to the viewport. In order to render the surface on the viewport, the renderer determines what portion of the image intersects with the precomputed region and proceeds to apply the precomputed second transformation to the portion of the image, thereby resulting in a transformed image which can be rendered in the viewport for display.

Abstract: A system for converting a first digital representation of a graphical object defined in two dimensions, such as a floor plan of a building such as a house or an apartment, into a second digital representation of said graphical object, said second digital representation defined in three dimensions, said system comprising means for converting the first digital representation into a vector based representation by means of an computer implemented algorithm, and means for converting said vector based representation of the first digital representation into a three dimensional representation of the graphical object. Furthermore the invention relates to a system for secure administration and/or provision of protected data files in a computer network, such as the Internet or a local LAN, said computer network comprising at least one server and a plurality of clients. Finally the invention relates to a system that allows 3rd party suppliers to be able to provide applications to be launched on a client.

Abstract: A method to calculate a transform coordinate on a second video of an object having an target coordinate on a first video and related operation process and video surveillance system are disclosed. The method includes the steps of generating the first video with a first video surveillance device, generating the second video with a second video surveillance device, selecting a first predetermined number of first reference objects also existing on the second video from the first video, calculating a plurality of coordinate transform coefficients of a first coordinate transform function according to the first predetermined number of first coordinates where the first reference objects are on the first video and the first predetermined number of second coordinates where the first reference objects are on the second video, and substituting the target coordinate into the first coordinate transform function, which had the first coordinate transform coefficients, and calculating the transform coordinate.

Abstract: An image registration apparatus comprises: a features detector (34) configured to extract a two-dimensional set of features (36) from a two-dimensional image (30) and to extract a three-dimensional set of features (38) from a three-dimensional image (32); a projection processor (40) configured to project three-dimensional data into two-dimensional projection data; and a registration processor (46, 52) configured to (i) adjust parameters to register the two-dimensional set of features and the three-dimensional set of features projected by the projection processor using a projection geometry (42), and to (ii) use the adjusted parameters to register the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional image projected by the projection processor using the projection geometry.

Abstract: The systems and methods disclosed herein provide visual feedback concerning one or more scanning parameters to a user during acquisition of a three dimensional scan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus for compressing image data used in an image generating apparatus for generating a free-viewpoint image. According to the invention, the apparatus has a selecting unit that selects one image as a first image, and defines other images as second images, a projective transformation unit that generates a projected depth map of a second image from a depth map of the first image, a subtracting unit that creates a difference map of the second image, and a storage unit that stores the depth map of the first image and the difference map of the second image. Here, the difference map is a difference between a depth map of the second image and the projected depth map of the second image, and the depth map indicates a depth value of each pixel of a corresponding image.

Abstract: A method for processing data includes identifying a time signature of an infra-red (IR) beacon. Image data associated with the IR beacon is identified using the time signature.