Abstract: Method and system aspects for digital image stamp positioning are disclosed. A method aspect, and system for providing same, positions a stamp in a digital image captured with a digital image capture unit independently of the digital image orientation. Included are the selecting of at least two offset values for a stamp and identifying of an area in an image for placing the stamp based on the at least two offset values. Additionally included is the positioning of the stamp within the identified area based on the at least two offset values.

Abstract: An image rotation system (205) allows for rotating an image between a first image position and a second image position. The image rotation system (205) includes an orientation module (220), a partition module (portions of 225, 235, 240), a rotation module (235), and a concatenation module (portions of 225, 235, 240, 245). The orientation module (220) is disposed to receive the image to identify the initial image orientation. The partition module is disposed to receive the oriented image to partition the image into at least one sub-image. The rotation module (235) is disposed to receive each sub-image of the partitioned image to rotate the pixels of each sub-image. The concatenation module is disposed to receive each rotated sub-image to concatenate the rotated sub-images to produce the image in the final image position. A method for rotating images in a limited memory environment is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for rotating an image using a volatile memory and temporary files includes inputting an image, dividing the input image into portions, loading a divided portion of the input image into the volatile memory, and rotating the loaded divided portion of the input image. The divided portion of the input image is output into a corresponding temporary file, and the loading, rotating and outputting steps performed on the divided portions of the input image are repeated until all divided portions of the input image have been processed. The temporary files are then divided into portions, and one divided portion from each temporary file is loaded into the volatile memory.

Abstract: A method for registering a pattern image with a reference image is provided. The pattern image and the reference image differ from each other by a Rotation-Scale-Translation (RST) transformation defined by a scale factor s, a rotation factor &phgr;, and a translation vector (&Dgr;x, &Dgr;y). A Fourier-Mellin invariant is used to perform image registration by isolating the rotation, scale and transformation parameters of the RST transformation between the reference image r and the pattern image p.

Abstract: A system and method for digital watermark embedding and retrieval using phase shift stoclustic (stochastically clustered) screens. Watermarks are embedded based on the phase shift of clustered halftone screens. Therefore, the hidden information, or invisible watermark, can be detected and visualized by correlating clusters as opposed to the pixel-based correlation required by other methods. Therefore, the detection of watermarks is much easier, especially when distortions have been introduced into the embedded image.

Abstract: An image synthesizer where desired template image is selected, and a subject image is synthesized at a predetermined position on the selected template image. Template image data, mask image data corresponding to the template image data, and image information are pre-stored in an image synthesizer. When a user selects a desired template image by touching the screen of a display, mask image data representing a mask image corresponding to the selected template image and synthesis information are obtained. A subject image which a user has also selected on the screen is then synthesized at a predetermined position on the template image using the template image data, the mask image data and the synthesis information, and a resultant composite image is displayed and printed.

Abstract: A separable, general affine transformation according to the invention permits an image to be concurrently rotated, scaled, translated, skewed, sheared, or otherwise transformed via a sequence of one-dimensional transformations. A general affine transformation of an image in two dimensions is achieved by generating an “intermediate” image via affine transformation of the source along a first axis. The intermediate image is then subjected to affine transformation along a second axis, e.g., perpendicular to the first. The resultant image may be used in place of that which would be produced by a single two-dimensional transformation of the source image (e.g., in a single pass).

Abstract: A method for rotating an input image matrix having pixel grouping data to form an output image matrix in a computer is provided. The pixel grouping data is accessed and readdressed to rotate the input image matrix. The pixel grouping data is desampled into desampled pixel grouping data. At least one line of the desampled pixel grouping data is sorted into a plurality of groups of desampled pixel grouping data. A first group of the desampled pixel grouping data is written to a first line of the output image matrix. A second group of the desampled pixel grouping data is written to a second line of the output image matrix. Preferably, the pixel grouping data represents subsampled color image data in L*a*b* space. The method takes advantage of the bandwidth of high-performance busses in direct memory access systems to rotate data in real-time.

Abstract: Method and system aspects for increasing print performance for rotated digital images are described. A method aspect, and system for providing same, includes analyzing a selected image print layout to determine at least a number and size of rotated images in the selected image print layout. Further included is allocating available rotate buffer space to the rotated images based on at least the number and size of the rotated images, and executing band printing of the selected print layout.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the profile of an object provides a sensor having at least one light source which projects a sheet of light that is intersected by the object, whereby a stripe of points on the object are illuminated. The light source projects the sheet from multiple angles, so that the resulting stripe represents a continuous profile. The profile is collectively viewed by at least two optical detectors, which each have a different view than the others and provide an output signal representing its particular view of the profile. The output signals are received by an image processor, which digitizes the signals, provides filtering, and identifies (extracts) the points in each view that represent the profile. The image processor uses a predetermined set of calibration parameters to transform the coordinates of the extracted points to corresponding coordinates in a common reference system that collectively represent the profile of the object.

Abstract: A system for high speed acquisition and decoding of a barcode symbol locates potential barcode candidates within a scanned image and filters the candidates to eliminate invalid data. The system permits computational resources to be focused on decoding information most likely to be an actual barcode symbol. Once a potential barcode candidate has been located, the barcode symbol is processed to determine the barcode orientation and symbology. Each element of the barcode symbol is then located, even if all elements are not visible in the original image, and the barcode symbol is decoded in accordance with the specific symbology.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and method rotates an image at any angle during frequency transform of image coding or image decoding. A basis calculator calculates transform bases according to a rotation angle parameter received from a parameter input unit, and outputs the calculated transform bases to a transform unit. A coordinate calculator calculates input block coordinates according to a rotation parameter, and outputs the calculated input block coordinates to an image input unit. The image input unit extracts an input image block from an input image in accordance with the input block coordinates, and outputs the extracted input image block to a transform unit. The transform unit transforms the input image block by using the transform bases, and outputs transform coefficients to an entropy encoder. The entropy encoder performs entropy coding of the transform coefficients, and outputs code data to an image output unit. Inverse processes are performed for decoding.

Abstract: An information input apparatus, an information input method, and an information input sheet which a user can easily operate without directly having to become aware of hardware are provided. An information input sheet includes a display area having an input information area and an identification area in which an identification code of the input information is provided. The identification code of the input information is provided in the display area as a target pattern having a rotation mode in which a code is defined by a directional orientation of the target pattern. An image pickup unit generates imaging information from imaging the information input sheet. The imaging information includes imaging information of the identification area of the information input sheet. Based on this imaging information of the identification area, the rotation mode of the target pattern, as recognized by an image recognition unit, is determined. The rotation mode specifies the identification code of the information input sheet.

Abstract: A system and method for rendering of graphical rotations. The system includes a processor coupled to system memory, a display device, and optionally a graphics accelerator. The processor operates on a matrix M with a matrix operator having the properties of consistency on rotations and attraction to rotations. The matrix operator may be applied more than once to achieve greater error attenuation. The processor, or alternatively the graphics accelerator, performs image graphical rendering calculations using resultant matrix L obtained from applying the matrix operator. A first approximate rotation representing a previous orientation for a graphical object, and a second approximate rotation matrix representing a desired rotation to be applied to the graphical object, are multiplied to obtain matrix M which represents an updated orientation for the graphical object.

Abstract: Methods and systems for estimating a correction angle that rotationally aligns a first polar centered image with a second polar centered image, wherein the first and second polar centered images includes values on a polar grid having evenly spaced polar angle coordinates for each of at least one radial distance coordinate, include the following steps: calculating a polar cross-power spectrum for the first and second polar centered images, the polar cross-power spectrum comprising a phase profile having at least polar angular frequency coordinates; and fitting a linear function of the angular frequency coordinate to the phase profile of the polar cross-power spectrum to determine the correction angle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of transforming images, in particular photographs, into stereoscopic images, and also to images, and visual or audiovisual programs including sequences of images obtained by said method, and in particular to motion pictures and video games. The invention is achieved by: separating an image background into complementary color components, that are advantageously red, blue, and green; displacing at least one of the color components relative to the others, advantageously by shifting two color components through small amplitudes in opposite directions with the third color component, typically green, remaining stationary, or by rotating two color components in opposite directions through small amplitudes, with the third color component remaining stationary; and superposing an image that forms a foreground for the image.

Abstract: There is provided a method for automatically correcting a document image whose direction is incorrect, using character recognition. The method includes the steps of detecting a predetermined portion of a character area in the document image, determining the inclination of the document according to the character recognition reliability of the predetermined portion, and recognizing a character by rotating the document at the determined inclination. A large quantity of documents can be automatically processed and even the visually impaired can scan documents by using the automatic direction correcting feature of the document recognizer.

Abstract: The invention aligns a set of plural images to construct a mosaic image. At least different pairs of the images overlap partially (or fully), and typically are images captured by a camera looking at the same scene but oriented at different angles from approximately the same location or similar locations. In order to align one of the images with another one of the images, the following steps are carried out: (a) determining a difference error between the one image and the other image; (b) computing an incremental rotation of the one image relative to a 3-dimensional coordinate system through an incremental angle which tends to reduce the difference error; and (c) rotating the one image in accordance with the incremental rotation to produce an incrementally warped version of the one image. As long as the difference error remains significant, the method continues by re-performing the foregoing determining, computing and rotating steps but this time with the incrementally warped version of the one image.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an image input device for photoelectrically converting a document image which has been optically read and for inputting the converted document image as image data. An area separator separates a plurality of areas included in the input image data from one another and a character recognition is performed from a plurality of directions with respect to character data in the image data input by the image input device with reference to a character recognition dictionary. The apparatus performs a first discriminating function of discriminating, for the plurality of areas separated by the area separator, respective reliabilities in a plurality of directions on the basis of results of the character recognition, and second discrimination function for discriminating a document direction on the basis of average values of the reliabilities discriminated by the first discriminating function.

Abstract: Originals are fed onto a platen glass one by one by an automatic original feeder to be read out by a reading system. The originals are converted into digital image data. The image data is transferred to a memory unit. The memory unit is controlled by a CPU. The memory unit is configured of an image memory, a sentence direction recognizing portion, an RAM producing a management table, an original direction (top and bottom direction) recognizing portion, a rotation processing portion, a sign memory and the like. Based on top and bottom directions of original images and directions in which sentences run included in the images, arrangement of images in a 2in1 or 4in1 mode is determined.

Abstract: Document image data entered from a scanner are separated into a plurality of areas by an area separation unit. Attributes are assigned to respective ones of the plurality of partial areas obtained in the area separation unit. For instance, a character area in the main body of text and a character area in a table are examples of area attributes. Each of these attributes is assigned a degree of priority in advance. A character recognition/orientation discrimination unit detects character orientation in each of the plurality of partial areas and discriminates document orientation. The orientation of the document image data is determined based upon the document orientation of each partial area discriminated by the character recognition/orientation discrimination unit and the degree of priority of the attribute assigned to each partial area.

Abstract: An image signal that enters line by line is subjected to italicization processing in a zoom unit. When an input image signal is stored in memory, a controller performs control in such a manner that the write starting address is changed, line by line, in dependence upon angle of italicization (amount of image inclination) and zoom rate.

Abstract: Image data representing a two-dimensional image is stored in N data storage devices driven in parallel. The two-dimensional image is divided into small divisional areas arranged in rectilinearly oriented lines and rows such that the number of areas in each line is equal to 2N and the number of areas in each row is equal to or less than 2N. The small divisional areas are stored in the N data storage devices such that no more than two of the areas in the same line are stored in the same storage device and no more of than two of the areas in the same row are stored in the same storage device. Additionally, two areas from the same line which are stored in the same storage device are positioned either adjacent to one another in the line or at opposite ends of the line and two areas from the same row which are stored in the same storage device are positioned either adjacent to one another in the row or at opposite ends of the row.

Abstract: An image rotation system includes a method and apparatus for rotating an image by skewing the image in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and interpolating the image in both the vertical and horizontal directions. A rough vertical skew is performed prior to horizontal skew and prior to any interpolation. Thereafter, more complex processing operations are carried using horizontal scan line pixel streams exclusively. In particular, the horizontal stream processing achieves vertical interpolation, horizontal interpolation corrected for the rough vertical skew, and a fine vertical skew adjustment.

Abstract: A pattern collation apparatus is designed to identify a registration pattern and a collation pattern as identical patterns or not even with a rotation offset between the registration pattern and the collation pattern. The image data of a registration fingerprint is rotated through m.multidot.a degrees, and two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is performed for the resultant image data to obtain registration Fourier image data. The registration Fourier image data with m=-90 to +90 are filed as registration Fourier image data. In collation processing, registration Fourier image data are read out from the registration Fourier image data in units of patterns, and each registration Fourier image data is synthesized with the collation Fourier image data, thereby performing collation between the registration fingerprint and the collation fingerprint.

Abstract: Black pixels of image signals are expanded, a plurality of black pixel regions obtained by expanding the black pixels are connected to each other, and the circumscribing rectangles of the connected regions are extracted. In accordance with characteristics of the positions and sizes of the extracted circumscribing rectangles and the direction of characters in the circumscribing rectangles, whether the direction of the image is longitudinal or lateral and whether the image faces upwards or downwards are determined. In accordance with a result of the determination, configuration of the plural original document images on a sheet is decided. The plural original documents are combined into one composite image with the decided configuration. Therefore, a required copy output can be obtained regardless of the direction of the original document employed by a user and the direction of the original document set by the same.

Abstract: Cross-correlation between a first magnetic resonance image as a reference image and a second magnetic resonance image to be adjusted relative to the first magnetic resonance image is taken, deviation of the second magnetic resonance image to the first magnetic resonance image as correction values is calculated, and the second magnetic resonance image based on the correction values is corrected.

Abstract: It is determined whether the long sides of a document are parallel to the main or sub scanning direction of a scanner to set resolutions of image data along the short and long sides of the document while the image data is being facsimiled. When the long sides of the document is parallel to the main scanning direction, the scanner scans the document in the main scanning direction by the resolution along the long sides and in the sub scanning direction by the resolution along the short sides to read the image data. The image data is rotated 90 degrees, and the rotated image data is facsimiled in the A4-R direction based on the ITU's recommendation. The image data is not degraded when it is rotated but can be transmitted in good quality.

Abstract: A document imaging system detects skew and/or size of a document. In one embodiment, a document imaging system generates scanning signals representing the documents, analyxes the scanning signals to detect one more edges of the document before the entire lenght of the document is scanned, establishes a skew angle between the detected edges and a reference orientation, and modifies the scanning signals to compensate for skew while the document is being scanned. In another embodiment, a document imaging system detects one or more edges of a document, defines a polygon having sides substantially congruent with the detected edges, and establishes the size of the document in response to the polygon.

Abstract: In a computerized method, the three-dimensional structure of an object is recovered from a closed-loop sequence of two-dimensional images taken by a camera undergoing some arbitrary motion. In one type of motion, the camera is held fixed, while the object completes a full 360.degree. rotation about an arbitrary axis. Alternatively, the camera can make a complete rotation about the object. In the sequence of images, feature tracking points are selected using pair-wise image registration. Ellipses are fitted to the feature tracking points to estimate the tilt of the axis of rotation. A set of variables are set to fixed values while minimizing an image-based objective function to extract a set of first structure and motion parameters. Then the set of variables freed while minimizing of the objective function continues to extract a second set of structure and motion parameters that are substantially the same as the first set of structure and motion parameters.

Abstract: A method for providing information of the orientation of chest and abdomen images on x-ray films. The method optically reads chest image and determines whether the image is a front or side image and the orientation of this image and the handedness of the image. The method also determines where the heart is in a chest front image and the direction the patient is facing in the case of a chest side image. The method optically reads an image and determines whether the image is an abdominal image or not and, if it is, the method determines the orientation of the patient with respect to the image plane.

Abstract: A source image containing both relatively low frequency information (i.e. graphics, pictures and background) and relatively high frequency information (i.e. text) are input to an image processing unit. This image processing unit can be embodied in functional units of an output device such as an LCD projector or may be part of a personal computer connected to the output device, or may even be part of an input device that provides the source image. The source image will be in one resolution and the output device will have a different, generally lower, resolution. The source image is segmented into a black text image and a white text image (i.e. portions of the source image formed as image blocks or tiles). The black text image and the white text image are then subtracted from the source image to form a background image. Then, the background image, the black text image and the white text image are filtered separately using different filters for each. The filtered or down-sampled images are then merged.

Abstract: The focal length estimation method and apparatus claimed in this application aligns plural overlapping images with one another for constructing an image mosaic. This is accomplished by computing a planar perspective transformation between each overlapping pair of the images, computing from the planar perspective transformation a focal length of each image of the pair, computing from the focal length of each image a focal length transformation, computing a rotational transformation for each of the pair of images whereby a combination of the rotational transformation and the focal length transformation relates the respective image to a three-dimensional coordinate system. Registration errors between the pair of images are reduced by incrementally deforming the rotational transformation of one of the pair of images.

Abstract: A system for high speed acquisition and decoding of a barcode symbol locates potential barcode candidates within a scanned image and filters the candidates to eliminate invalid data. The system permits computational resources to be focused on decoding information most likely to be an actual barcode symbol. Once a potential barcode candidate has been located, the barcode symbol is processed to determine the barcode orientation and symbology. Each element of the barcode symbol is then located, even if all elements are not visible in the original image, and the barcode symbol is decoded in accordance with the specific symbology.

Abstract: A method of determining an indicator for the presence of an image is disclosed in which the image is comprised of a two dimensional array of pixels. The method finds particular use in the prevention of fraudulent copying of images, such as bank notes using colour laser copiers and printers. The method firstly imposes a grid of cells over a portion of the image. Then a representative value for each of the cells is determined. Next, a measure of the difference between the representative values of adjacent cells of the grid is determined over the whole of the grid. The first three steps are then repeated for substantially all possible positions of the grid of cells to determine a grid position having an overall maximum positional difference. Finally, the grid position and the representative value for each of said cells is used as a representation of the image. The representation can thus comprise a template used in an image detection system.

Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention preferably comprises an image sensor, an orientation sensor, a memory and a processing unit. The image sensor is used for generating captured image data. The orientation sensor is coupled to the image sensor, and is used for generating signals relating to the position of the image sensor. The memory, has an auto-rotate unit comprising program instructions for transforming the captured image data into rotated image data in response to the orientation sensor signals. The processing unit, executes program instructions stored in the memory, and is coupled to the image sensor, the orientation sensor and the memory. The method of the present invention preferably comprises the steps of: generating image data representative of an object with an image sensor; identifying an orientation of the image sensor relative to the object during the generating step; and selectively transferring the image data to an image processing unit in response to the identifying step.

Abstract: An image detection system is disclosed for the detection of an image in an input pixel stream. An image is input as a input pixel stream and accumulated and converted into cells which are formed into cell data portions from regions of a corresponding image of the input pixel stream. A template storage ROM stores at least one template that comprises a multiplicity of cell data entries derived form an desired image to be detected. A comparator matrix is connected to the cell converter and the template ROM for comparing the cell data portions with a multiplicity of cell data entries to derive a template detection signal when a predetermined number of the cell data portions match with the multiplicity of said cell data entries. The system finds particular use in the prevention of fraudulent copying of images, such as bank notes using colour laser copiers and printers.

Abstract: In the present invention, an image is registered as a model image by setting a window after calculating a main axis angle of the model image stored in an image memory, the main axis angle being defined on a display screen, and then rotating the model image so that the main axis angle becomes a predetermined angle.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of fingerprint verification that includes the steps of capturing a complete fingerprint of a number of enrollees; capturing a portion of a claimant's fingerprint, where the portion is less than an entire fingerprint; dividing the portion of the claimant's fingerprint into a number of segments; comparing each of the segments against the fingerprint of the enrollee the claimant claims to be; generating a correlation score for each of the segments; calculating a distance error for the segments; combining the distance errors into an average distance error; generating a verification vector based on each of the correlation scores for each of the segments and the distance error; establishing a threshold vector; and comparing the verification vector against the threshold vector in order to determine whether or not the claimant is the enrollee the claimant claims to be.

Abstract: A method for scanning and detecting number and skew angle of photographs (12) and removing edge artifacts is disclosed. A plurality of photograph is placed on a scanner (11). A low resolution scan (34) is conducted of the photographs (12) to produce a plurality of low resolution images. A plurality of polygons is constructed, wherein each polygon contains at least one low resolution image. A number of polygons is determined and compared to the number of photographs. If the number of polygons is less than the number of photographs, the photographs are repositioned to separate overlapped photographs and the low resolution is repeated. A skew angle and location is determined for each of the photographs. A first photograph is selected and the first photograph is scanned at a high resolution to produce a high resolution image. The high resolution image is deskewed and cropped to remove the edge artifacts.

Abstract: A computer system is provided which employs a hardware rotation unit capable of rotating a raster-scan portrait image by 90 degrees in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction in order to create a landscape image on a raster-scan display device. Rotation of a portrait image is accomplished by a mapping of pixel information associated with the portrait image to corresponding frame buffer locations necessary to properly display the portrait image as a landscape image. A video controller incorporating the hardware rotation unit stores only pixel information associated with the landscape image in a frame buffer. Dedicated circuitry within the hardware rotation unit allows full support of portrait image data read and write operations involving the landscape image pixel information stored in the frame buffer.

Abstract: In an image reader, a main scanning start point of a magnification-changing processing is stored in a main scanning start point register. An increment corresponding to a magnification-changing ratio is stored in an incremental register. A pixel number to be outputted as a magnification-changing output is stored in a multiple-changing output pixel number register. A pixel counter counts the number of pixels to be outputted as the magnification-changing output. An adder serially adds an increment to the main scanning start point and outputs it to a latch. A line memory stores original image data to be read, and the sum of the output value of the latch and +1 is given as a read address. A mean value arithmetic unit calculates a mean value of two adjacent pixels and outputs it as data after the magnification-changing processing.

Abstract: A method and system for efficiently rotating an image in a first raster, by any angle, onto a second raster of much higher resolution, and also for generating a page image in a high-resolution raster from a plurality of contone images, input in lower resolutions, with arbitrary orientation angles. The system uses serially organized buffer memories to store input pixels relevant to a group of output raster lines at a time and calls for repeatedly reading out the values in sequence, once for each line of the group, and selecting the relevant values on the fly. More specifically, pixels are stored in two buffer memories, corresponding to two lines straddling the back-mapped group, and values are selected between their respective readout streams according to which elementary pixel areas each back-mapped raster line traverses. Concurrently the segment lengths of such traversal are computed and paired with the selected pixel values.

Abstract: An image communicating apparatus which, at the receiving terminal, detects the size and direction of the image to be received, and dependent upon this information both signals the transmitting terminal the resolution of the image data which can be received and later rotates the received image data if appropriate. The transmitting terminal of the image communicating system similarly detects the size and direction of the image inputted to the system and rotates it if appropriate. Further, the transmitting terminal adjusts the scanning resolution of this image based upon the above-described signal transmitted by the receiving terminal.

Abstract: Measurement of the optical transfer function of an optical system imaging a bar pattern. A one dimensional fast Fourier transform processes sampled image data from the bar pattern. A model of the system utilizes robust measurements of the period, duty cycle and center of each stripe in the pattern. A signal alias free optical transfer function is estimated from the plurality of one dimensional frequency representation of the signal. An idealized bar pattern synthesized from the measured parameters of period, duty cycle and the center of each stripe in the pattern generates an ideal optical transfer function. The noise reduced optical transfer function, OTF, is estimated from OTF of the signal and OTF of the synthesized bar pattern.

Abstract: The thumbnail image signal output apparatus according to the present invention includes: an image input device which inputs an image; a storage device which stores a plurality of images each of which has been input via the image input device; an image processing device which processes the image which has been input; an update device which updates one of a plurality of images stored in the storage device which corresponds to the image processed by the image processing device to the image after such processing; an image conversion device which converts a plurality of images stored in the storage device into thumbnail images; and an output device which outputs an image signal for displaying converted thumbnail images upon a display device.

Abstract: The size and orientation of a document are detected by determining the length in the horizontal scanning direction and the length in the vertical scanning direction of the document to be read through a reader. According to the detection result, it is determined whether the image of the document needs to be rotated or not so as to satisfy a condition where a shortest dimension among the transmittable widths in the horizontal scanning direction, at which no part of the image is missing, occurs and the dimension in the vertical scanning direction is minimized. According to the determination result, the document image which has been read through the reader is registered in an image memory and the registered image data is read out to transmit it to a receiver through a telephone line.

Abstract: An image processor rotates an image in conformity with the orientation of an original, thereby enhancing user convenience. An original conveyed by an automatic conveyance device is read by an image reader and the image is stored in an image memory. A character in the stored image is subsequently recognized by a character recognition unit and the orientation of the character is discriminated. The image is rotated by an image editor in conformity with a stapling position, and the rotated image is recorded by an image recording unit. Sheets of paper on which images are recorded are stapled at the stapling position by a staple provided in a sorter.

Abstract: A facsimile apparatus capable of recording received information on a plurality of pages over one page of regular format cut sheets, the facsimile apparatus comprising: a receiving device for receiving image information; and a number of recording sheets setting device for setting a number of sheets of received information to be recorded on one page of the regular format cut sheet, wherein the number of sheet of the received information to be recorded on one page of the regular format cut sheet is automatically determined in accordance with fineness of the received information.

Abstract: A method which may be implemented in a library routine for performing an image transformation. First, a plurality of groups of bits are selected, with each group being from a different row and the rows being aligned in the same column in an image. Next, a logical operation is performed to set to zero all of the bits in the group except for the designated position of the column to be transformed. Finally, each of the groups or rows are compared to a template, and a single bit indicating the result of such comparison is stored in a result register.