Abstract: An optical fiber having a given refractive index profile comprises a core region and a cladding region. The core region includes at least two co-dopants and the concentration of at least one of said core dopant varies continuously over the entire core region. The optical fiber has, at a wavelength of 1550 nm, a spontaneous Brillouin spectrum width equal or larger to 100 MHz. The optical fiber of the invention achieves a much higher Brillouin threshold compared to standard transmission fibers with limited fiber loss, less than 0.3 dB/km at a wavelength of 1550 nm, and without change in the optical transmission parameters of the fiber.

Abstract: The invention relates to side-scattering light guides that generally comprise a core of transparent optically homogenous material seeded with diffuser particles. The light guide also comprises an optically transmitting sheath, having a lower refractive index than the core, surrounding and in contact with the sides of the core to prevent any light being transmitted along the core from escaping through the core's sides. In general, the diffuser particles impart only a small deviation to light rays incident upon them, and are distributed to scatter light being transmitted along the core so that at least some of the scattered light exits the sides of the core. A diffusing jacket is arranged to intercept scattered light exiting the sides of the core.

Abstract: Various embodiments described include optical fiber designs and fabrication processes for ultra high numerical aperture optical fibers (UHNAF) having a numerical aperture (NA) of about 1. Various embodiments of UHNAF may have an NA greater than about 0.7, greater than about 0.8, greater than about 0.9, or greater than about 0.95. Embodiments of UHNAF may have a small core diameter and may have low transmission loss. Embodiments of UHNAF having a sufficiently small core diameter provide single mode operation. Some embodiments have a low V number, for example, less than 2.4 and large dispersion. Some embodiments of UHNAF have extremely large negative dispersion, for example, less than about ?300 ps/nm/km in some embodiments. Systems and apparatus using UHNAF are also disclosed.

Abstract: A plastic optical fiber (11) has a core (12) and a clad (13). The clad (13) is composed of an outer clad (14) and an inner clad (15). The refractive index in the core (12) gradually increases as the distance from the center thereof decreases. The refractive index in the inner clad (15) is equal to the minimum value of the refractive index in the core (12), and the refractive index in the outer clad (14) is smaller than that in the inner clad (15). For the purpose of decreasing the transmission loss between the plastic optical fiber (11) and a light emission device or the light receiving device, the diameter d1 of the core (12) and the outer diameter d2 of the inner clad (15) satisfy the following conditions; 100(?m)?d1?700(?m) 200(?m)?d1?1000(?m) d1<d2.

Abstract: An optical waveguide environmental sensor is provided that is capable of detecting a target gas or liquid in the ambient environment in an advantageously short period of time. The waveguide is preferably in the form of an optical fiber having a cladding that contains a photonic band gap structure which in turn envelopes a light conducting, hollow core portion. The cladding further includes at least one elongated side opening that preferably extends the entire length of the fiber and exposes said hollow core portion to the ambient environment, which provides broad and nearly immediate access of the core portion to gases and liquids in the ambient environment, thereby minimizing sensor response time. The ambient gases or liquids filling the hollow core portion and elongated opening function as a ridge and slab, respectively, of an optical ridge waveguide that effectively supports at least one bound optical mode.

Abstract: A chromatic dispersion compensating and dispersion slope compensating optical fiber comprises a central core having an index difference ?n1 with an outer optical cladding, a first buried inner cladding having an index difference ?n2 with the outer cladding, a ring having an index difference ?n3 with the outer cladding and a second buried inner cladding having an index difference ?n4 with the outer cladding. The index difference between the first buried inner cladding and the outer cladding ?n2 is less than or equal to ?13.5.10?3 and the index difference between the second buried inner cladding and the outer cladding ?n4 is less than or equal to ?3.10?3. The fiber has, for a wavelength of 1550 nm, a chromatic dispersion less than or equal to ?50 ps/nm/km and a ratio of the chromatic dispersion over the chromatic dispersion slope DOS less than or equal to 70 nm. The second deeply buried inner cladding allows obtaining a low DOS value whilst maintaining acceptable optical characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical waveguide-forming curable resin composition and optical waveguide-forming curable dry film which are capable of forming cured resin articles that have high heat resistance, excellent mechanical strength and high transparency, and possess properties required for forming optical waveguides, such as low thermal expansion, low transmission loss, etc. The present invention provides a curable resin composition for forming an optical waveguide, the composition comprising a hydrolyzable silyl-containing silane-modified epoxy resin (A) having an average of at least one hydrolyzable silyl group and an average of at least one epoxy group per molecule; and a resin (B) having, per molecule, an average of at least one functional group that is reactive with an epoxy group; and an optical waveguide-forming curable dry film formed using the resin composition.

Abstract: An optical fiber, made of silica-based glass, comprising a core and a cladding. The optical fiber having a mode field diameter of 6.5 ?m or larger at a wavelength of 1300 nm, transmitting light with a wavelength of 1250 nm in a single mode, and having a bending loss of 1 dB/turn or smaller at a wavelength of 1300 nm when the optical fiber is bent with a curvature radius of 1.5 mm.

Abstract: An optical fiber transmits at least a signal light having a wavelength of 1550 nanometers in a fundamental propagation mode. The optical fiber has, a cutoff wavelength equal to or longer than 1550 nanometers, a wavelength dispersion of 4 ps/nm/km to 7 ps/nm/km in the fundamental propagation mode at the wavelength of 1550 nanometers, a dispersion slope of a positive value equal to or smaller than 0.03 ps/nm2/km in the fundamental propagation mode at the wavelength of 1550 nanometers, an effective core area equal to or larger then 60 ?m2 in the fundamental propagation mode at the wavelength of 1550 nanometers, and a bending loss equal to or smaller than 20 dB/m with a winding of 16 turns at a diameter of 20 millimeters in the fundamental propagation mode at the wavelength of 1550 nanometers.

Abstract: Included among the many structures described herein are photonic bandgap fibers designed to provide a desired dispersion spectrum. Additionally, designs for achieving wide transmission bands and lower transmission loss are also discussed. For example, in some fiber designs, smaller dimensions of high index material in the cladding and large core size provide small flat dispersion over a wide spectral range. In other examples, the thickness of the high index ring-shaped region closest to the core has sufficiently large dimensions to provide negative dispersion or zero dispersion at a desired wavelength. Additionally, low index cladding features distributed along concentric rings or circles may be used for achieving wide bandgaps.

Abstract: Microstructured optical fiber for transmitting optical signals comprised of light, the optical fiber including a core region and a cladding region surrounding the core region, the cladding region including at least one annular region having an index of refraction lower than that of the remainder of the cladding. The optical fiber provides an absolute SBS threshold in dBm greater than about 9.3+10 log [(1?e?(0.19)(50)/4.343)/(1?e?(?)(L)/4.343)], wherein L is the length in km and ? is the attenuation in dB/km at 1550 nm, and a fiber cutoff wavelength of less than 1400 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical fiber cable that includes a main tube. A guide tube, which includes at least one optical element, is positioned within the main tube's central space. A compressible element is also positioned within the main tube's central space. To reduce the adverse effects of ice formation within the optical fiber cable, the compressible element more readily deforms than do the guide tube and main tube. Also disclosed is a method for modifying a conventional optical fiber cable with a compressible element according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides devices and methods for Raman amplification and dispersion compensation. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a dispersion compensating device includes a dispersion compensating fiber having a dispersion more negative than about ?50 ps/nm/km over a wavelength range of about 1555 nm to about 1615 nm; a Raman gain fiber having a dispersion more positive than about ?40 ps/nm/km over a wavelength range of about 1555 nm to about 1615 nm; and a pump source operatively coupled to the dispersion compensating fiber and the Raman gain fiber, the pump source operating at a pump wavelength, wherein the dispersion compensating fiber has a Raman Figure of Merit at the pump wavelength, and wherein the Raman gain fiber has a Raman Figure of Merit at least about equivalent to the Raman Figure of Merit of the dispersion compensating fiber, and wherein the dispersion compensating fiber and the Raman gain fiber are arranged in series between the input and the output of the device.

Abstract: An optical fiber coupler can include at least a first input optical fiber and an output optical fiber, where the first input optical fiber can comprise an antiguiding core, a first cladding disposed about the antiguiding core and a second cladding disposed about the first cladding so as to tend to confine light to said first cladding. The output fiber can comprise a guiding core, a first cladding disposed about the guiding core and a second cladding disposed about the first cladding of the output fiber for tending to confine light to the first cladding of the output fiber. Optical fibers are also disclosed, as are methods.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprising: (i) a silica based passive core having a first index of refraction n1; (ii) a silica based cladding surrounding the core and having a second index of refraction n2, such that n1>n2, said cladding having at least one stress rod and at least one air hole extending longitudinally through the length of said optical fiber; and (iii) wherein said optical fiber supports a single polarization mode or poses polarization maintaining properties within the operating wavelength range.

Abstract: An optical fiber (100A-100D) is provided with a cylindrical core (102) and a first optical cladding layer (104). The core (102) is formed of a core material (105) that is optically transmissive. The core material (105) has a core index of refraction that is continuously variable over a predetermined range of values responsive to a first energetic stimulus, such as thermal energy, photonic energy, magnetic field, and an electrical potential. The core (102) includes a bore (103) axially disposed within the first optical cladding layer (104). The bore (103) is filled with the core material (105). The first optical cladding layer (104) is disposed on the core (102). The first optical cladding layer (104) is formed of a photosensitive material. The photosensitive material has a first cladding layer index of refraction that is permanently selectively configurable responsive to an exposure to a second energetic stimulus. The first optical cladding layer (104) has gratings (114-1, 114-2) inscribed therein.

Abstract: An end face structure of an optical fiber includes a coreless fiber fused to an emitting end face of the fiber optical fiber and a coating material disposed around at least the coreless fiber, a refractive index of the coating material being higher than a refractive index of the coreless fiber.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprising: a silica based core having a first index of refraction n1; and at least one silica based cladding surrounding the core, the at least one silica based cladding comprising index lowering non-periodic voids containing a gas, wherein at least 80% of said voids have a maximum cross-sectional dimension of less than 2000 nm, and the NA of the fiber layer situated immediately adjacent to and inside said at least one silica based cladding is at least 0.2.

Abstract: An optical waveguide fiber having a core surrounded by a cladding. The core may have only a central segment, or a central segment and an annular segment surrounding the central segment. The central segment has a positive relative refractive index profile. The annular segment has a negative relative refractive index profile. The relative refractive index of the optical fiber provides an LP02 cable cutoff less than 850 nm and an LP21 cable cutoff less than 850 nm.

Abstract: A polarizer is formed with an arrangement of polymer fibers substantially parallel within a polymer matrix. The polymer fibers are formed of at least first and second polymer materials. At least one of the polymer matrix and the first and second polymer materials is birefringent, and provides a birefringent interface with the adjacent material. Light is reflected and/or scattered at the birefringent interfaces with sensitivity to the polarization of the light. In some embodiments, the polymer fibers are formed as composite fibers, having a plurality of scattering polymer fibers disposed within a filler to form the composite fiber. In other embodiments, the polymer fiber is a multilayered polymer fiber. The polymer fibers may be arranged within the polymer matrix as part of a fiber weave.

Abstract: An elongated light-guiding element includes opposed incident and emission ends between which light propagates by total internal reflection. The light-guiding element includes a glass core with first and second glass core ends and a glass-core outer surface. A non-glass polymeric optical layer extends over at least a portion of the length of the glass core and is disposed peripherally thereabout. The optical layer has first and second optical-layer ends and an optical-layer exterior surface extending between the first and second optical-layer ends. The glass core and the polymeric optical layer exhibit indices of refraction that are matched to one another as closely as practicable such that the combination of the glass core and the optical layer exhibits optical properties similar to those that would be exhibited by an optical element of similar shape and dimensions fabricated from a single, continuous mass of optical material having a refractive index equal to the that of the glass core material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described that use an index-of-refraction profile having a significant central dip in refractive index (or another tailored index profile) within the core of a gain fiber or a gain waveguide on a substrate. The benefits of this central dip (more power with a given mode structure) are apparent when an input beam is akin to that of a Gaussian mode. In some embodiments, the invention provides a fiber or a substrate waveguide having an index profile with a central dip, but wherein the device has no doping. Some embodiments use a central dip surrounded by a higher-index ring in the index of refraction of the core of the fiber, while other embodiments use a trench between an intermediate-index central core portion and the ring, or use a plurality of rings and/or trenches. Some embodiments use an absorber in at least one core ring.

Abstract: A fiber optic conduit for use in a hostile environment includes an axial tube. The axial tube comprises a corrosion resistant material and is operable to receive one or more optical fibers. The fiber optic conduit further includes a hydrogen barrier shell that is disposed in contact with the axial tube. The hydrogen barrier shell comprises a material that is capable of reducing hydrogen permeation through the fiber optic conduit and has a thickness of at least approximately one-thousandth of an inch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical fiber for light pulse expansion in which the ratio (?3,?2) of the third derivative ?3 to the second derivative ?2 is negative, the absolute value thereof is large, and the absolute value of the second derivative ?2 is also large. Such an optical fiber comprises at least a central core portion having a maximum refractive index N1 and an outer diameter 2a , a depressed portion, provided on the outer periphery of the central core portion, having a minimum refractive index N2 and an outer diameter 2b, and a cladding portion, provided on the outer periphery of the depressed portion, having a maximum refractive index N3. The respective maximum refractive indices of the central core portion, the depressed portion and the cladding portion satisfy the relationship “N1>N3>N2”. The relative refractive index difference ?1 of the central core portion with respect to the cladding portion is larger than 1.

Abstract: The amplifying optical fiber comprises a single-mode core and a multimode core surrounding the single-mode core, the multimode core containing a doped layer referred to as a “doped ring” and having a certain concentration of active rare earth ions to perform amplification by active rare earth ions on at least one optical signal for injection into the amplifying fiber. The fiber is dimensioned so that the product of its length multiplied by its Raman efficiency is greater than or equal to 0.5 W?1. In addition, the fiber presents absorption defined by an absorption coefficient expressed in dB/m, which absorption presents, at a certain wavelength, a maximum value referred to as the “absorption maximum”, the fiber presents accumulated absorption, corresponding to the product of its length multiplied by the absorption maximum, that is greater than or equal to 100 dB. The invention also provides an amplifier including such a fiber, a single-mode pump, and a multimode pump.

Abstract: The present invention can easily realize an optical fiber and an optical transmission line that can propagate a light in a single mode while lowering a macro-bending loss and a PMD at the same time. An optical fiber 1 according to the present invention includes a cladding region 8 having a refractive index lower than that of a core region 2 on outer circumference of the core region 2. The cladding region 8 includes a first cladding region 3 in which a plurality of sub-medium regions 5a to 5d and 6a to 6h are arranged in multilayer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus provide for birefringent waveguides suitable for optical systems exhibiting polarization dependence such as interferometer sensors including Sagnac interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes (IFOG). The waveguides, for some embodiments, may offer single polarization performance over lengths of about a kilometer or more due to polarization dependent attenuation. According to some embodiments, the waveguides incorporate a pure silica core for resistance to radiation-induced attenuation (RIA).

Abstract: A coaxial light-guide system includes a coaxial light-guide optical fiber which is fabricated by having refractive index profile set on radii. Thus the coaxial circular outer-cladding and the axial inter-cladding have the same refractive index. The light guide refractive index profile center is moved from the axis to the entire radii of the optical fiber. Light propagates between the axial inter-cladding and the coaxial circular outer-cladding. Such a new positioning prevents center-dip in the refractive index profile that occurs to the prior optical fiber after fabrication is finished. The coaxial single-mode optical fiber of the invention has a greater optical flux than the prior optical fiber, and can increase communication distance.

Abstract: A composite polymer fiber comprises a polymer filler material and a plurality of polymer scattering fibers disposed within the filler material. At least one of the filler material and the scattering fibers is formed of a birefringent material. The refractive indices of the filler material and the scattering fibers can be substantially matched for light incident in a first polarization state on the composite polymer fiber and unmatched for light incident in an orthogonal polarization state. The scattering fibers may be arranged to form a photonic crystal within the composite fiber. The composite fibers may be extruded and may be formed into a yarn, a weave or the like. If the filler material is soluble, it may be washed out of the yarn or weave, and the scattering fibers may then be infiltrated with a resin that is subsequently cured.

Abstract: The specification describes an optical fiber device wherein a LOM is converted to an HOM prior to entering the gain section. The gain section is a few mode fiber that supports the HOM. The output from the gain section, i.e. the HOM, may be utilized as is, or converted back to the LOM. With suitable design of the few mode fiber in the gain section of the device, the effective area, Aeff, may be greater than 1600 ?m2. The large mode separation in the gain section reduces mode coupling, allowing greater design freedom and reducing the bend sensitivity of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical instrument for splitting optical spectrum, comprising a series of hollow core optical wave guides (12, 22, and so on) connected by optical couplers (16, 26, and so on) transporting broad band incident optical wave from one stage to another, a narrow band optical wave guide (14, 24, and so on) made of photonic crystal materials mounted inside each of said hollow core optical wave guide and along it, and specified for confining certain portion of the incident optical spectrum. Said inner narrow band optical wave guides bend out at the ends of said outer hollow core optical wave guides to extract and guide out the selected component of the incident optical spectrum. Said optical couplers couple the output optical waves of said outer hollow core wave guides of the previous stages into said inner optical wave guides of the next stages for further splitting.

Abstract: The present invention can easily realize an optical fiber and an optical transmission line that can propagate a light in a single mode while lowering a macro-bending loss against a small-diameter bending. An optical fiber 1 according to the present invention includes a first cladding region 3 having a refractive index lower than a refractive index of a core region 2 on outer circumference of the core region 2. Sub-medium regions 5a to 5f, 6a to 6f are arranged in multilayer in the first cladding region 3, which have a refractive index lower than a refractive index of a main-medium region of the first cladding region 3. The sub-medium regions 5a to 5f having a circular shape with a lateral cross section of a diameter d1 is arranged in an inner cladding area 3a of the first cladding region 3, and the sub-medium regions 6a to 6f having a circular shape with a lateral cross section of a diameter d2 (>d1) is arranged in an outer cladding area 3b of the first cladding region 3.

Abstract: Quasi-single mode optical waveguide fibers are disclosed that are bend resistant and capable of providing single mode transmission, for example at wavelengths greater than 1260 nm when the fundamental mode of optical energy is launched into the core of the fiber. Optical fiber line incorporating quasi-single mode optical waveguide fiber is also disclosed. Jumpers, or patchcords, utilizing quasi-single mode optical waveguide fiber are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: An optical fiber being optically transmissive at a predetermined wavelength of light ? and comprising a plurality of coaxial layers. Each layer having an optical path length that varies radially, the coaxial layers being arranged to give the fiber a refractive index profile which, in use, causes sufficient Fresnel diffraction of the light such that it is guided in the fiber. The refractive index of a cladding region (60) is intermittently suppressed by controlling heating of the preform tube, thus forming a chirped saw-tooth profile (70). The optical fiber may include a lens. In this case, each of the layers has an optical path length that increases gradually outwardly by substantially n×?/2 (n: integer).

Abstract: Optical fiber having a multimode core (10) comprising:—a first zone (11), which is homogeneous, made of a first material, which has a first refractive index;—a second zone (12) made of at least one second material, which has a second refractive index, which is less than the first index, that second zone (12) being peripherally arranged with respect to the first zone (11), said first and second zones being configured so that the interface between those zones defines, in a transverse plane, a contour which has a star shape such that the multimode transmission characteristics of the fiber are equivalent to those of a graded-index fiber. Application in dual-core amplifying fibers or lasers or in transmission fibers for local networks.

Abstract: An optical fiber which, at an optical fiber connecting end having a plurality of voids around the periphery of a core, has a light-permeable substance, such as a resin or glass whose refractive index is lower than that of quartz type substances, filled in the voids adjacent to the connecting end. An optical fiber connecting section where an optical fiber having a plurality of voids in a clad around the periphery of a core is connected to another optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is connected end-to-end to aforesaid another optical fiber through a refractive index matching agent whose refractive index at the minimum temperature in actual use is lower than that of the core.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing an optical fiber preform and an optical fiber, and an optical fiber formed by this method of manufacturing an optical fiber are provided, the optical fiber preform having a desired refractive index profile and being capable of suppressing an increase in loss due to the absorption by OH groups. A pipe is formed by an inside vapor phase deposition method such that glass layer to be formed into a core and a glass layer to be formed into a part of a cladding pipe are deposited in a starting pipe, the glass layers each containing at least one of fluorine, germanium, phosphorous, and chlorine, the starting pipe being made of a silica glass having an outside diameter in the range of 20 to 150 mm and a wall thickness in the range of 2 to 8 mm. The pipe thus formed is collapsed to form a glass rod in which the concentration of hydroxyl groups is 10 weight ppm or less in a region from the surface of the glass rod to a depth of 1 mm therefrom.

Abstract: A high-voltage component, having a first end and a second end, whereby the first end is on a high-voltage potential with respect to the second end. An insulating part, is arranged between the first end and the second end, and an optical fiber is integrated in the high-voltage component and extends from the first end to the second end. A capillary extends from the first end to the second end and is arranged within the insulating part. The inside diameter of the capillary exceeds the outside diameter of the fiber, and the fiber is arranged within the capillary. The capillary includes a protective medium to achieve a dielectric strength in the capillary, which dielectric strength is suitable for the operating conditions.

Abstract: An elongated light-guiding element includes opposed incident and emission ends between which light propagates by total internal reflection. The light-guiding element includes a glass core with first and second glass core ends and a glass-core outer surface. A non-glass polymeric optical layer extends over at least a portion of the length of the glass core and is disposed peripherally thereabout. The optical layer has first and second optical-layer ends and an optical-layer exterior surface extending between the first and second optical-layer ends. The glass core and the polymeric optical layer exhibit indices of refraction that are matched to one another as closely as practicable such that the combination of the glass core and the optical layer exhibits optical properties similar to those that would be exhibited by an optical element of similar shape and dimensions fabricated from a single, continuous mass of optical material having a refractive index equal to the that of the glass core material.

Abstract: In a glass optical waveguide having a core containing at least one oxide selected from the group of glass-constituting oxides consisting of Bi2O3, Sb2O3, PbO, SnO2 and TeO2, large transmission loss of light which occurs when the cross-sectional shape of the core is rectangle, is reduced, and wherein the glass optical waveguide contains at least total 35% in mass % of at least one type of the above glass-constituting oxides, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the core is trapezoidal, among two parallel sides of the trapezoid, a long side is in a substrate side and among four sides constituting the trapezoid, angles of two oblique sides to the long side are each within a range of from 60 to 80°.

Abstract: A mode field diameter of an optical fiber at a wavelength of 1300 nm is equal to or larger than 5.4 ?m. A light of a wavelength of 1250 nm is propagated through the optical fiber in a single mode. A bending loss of the optical fiber with a bending radius of 1 mm at the wavelength of 1300 nm is equal to or lower than 1 dB/turn.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for transmitting at least one electro-magnetic radiation is provided. In particular, at least one optical fiber having at least one end extending along a first axis may be provided. Further, a light transmissive optical arrangement may be provided in optical cooperation with the optical fiber. The optical arrangement may have a first surface having a portion that is perpendicular to a second axis, and a second surface which includes a curved portion. The first axis can be provided at a particular angle that is more than 0° and less than 90° with respect to the second axis.

Abstract: An optical fiber 1 comprising a glass portion 2 having a core 2a and a cladding 2b, and one or more covering layers 3 formed around the glass portion 2, in which an arrangement form of the covering layer 3 with respect to the glass portion 2 in cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction thereof is changed continuously in the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: A multi step index optical fiber includes at least two concentrically arranged core portions, each having constant refractive index. The refractive indices of the core portions decrease toward the outer periphery of the optical fiber. The refractive indices of the core portions are set such that differences ?N between refractive indices of adjacent core portions are uniform, and the distribution of the refractive indices approximates a G power distribution. Thereby, bandwidths on the order of several GHz/l00 m can be realized.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical fiber for long period grating (LPG), LPG components, and manufacturing method of LPG used as a mode coupler, an optical filter, etc. The optical fiber for LPG comprises a core layer, a first cladding layer that surrounds said core layer and transmits the cladding modes, and a second cladding layer that surrounds said first cladding layer and confines the optical signal of the cladding mode within said first cladding layer. The LPG component comprises an optical fiber for LPG, a coating reinforcement to cover and reinforce said optical fiber for LPG. The manufacturing method of LPG comprises a step of preparation of an optical fiber, a step of constructing the LPG on a predetermined region in said core of said optical fiber by irradiating laser light on said region over a predetermined period corresponding to the LPG, on the predetermined part of said optical fiber, and a step which covers and reinforces said grating region.

Abstract: An optical fiber (100A-100D) is provided with a cylindrical core (102) and a first optical cladding layer (104). The core (102) is formed of a core material (105) that is optically transmissive. The core material (105) has a core index of refraction that is continuously variable over a predetermined range of values responsive to a first energetic stimulus, such as thermal energy, photonic energy, magnetic field, and an electrical potential. The core (102) includes a bore (103) axially disposed within the first optical cladding layer (104). The bore (103) is filled with the core material (105). The first optical cladding layer (104) is disposed on the core (102). The first optical cladding layer (104) is formed of a photosensitive material. The photosensitive material has a first cladding layer index of refraction that is permanently selectively configurable responsive to an exposure to a second energetic stimulus. The first optical cladding layer (104) has gratings (114-1, 114-2) inscribed therein.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprises core and cladding regions configured to guide the propagation of light (or radiation) in the core region. The cladding region includes a periodic structure configured to produce light guiding by bandgap confinement. In order to suppress higher order odes (HOMs) in the core region, the cladding region includes at least one perturbation region configured so that a mode of the cladding region is resonant with a HOM of the core region. In a preferred embodiment of my invention, the perturbation region is configured so that the fundamental mode of the cladding region is resonant with a HOM of the core region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatic dispersion compensating optical fiber comprising a central core, an intermediate cladding having a width (r2?r1) of 2.0 microns or greater, and a depressed inner cladding having a refractive index difference Dn3 with the external optical cladding of ?3.0×10?3 or lower. At a wavelength of 1550 nm, the optical fiber exhibits a positive chromatic dispersion of 21 ps/(nm·km) or higher and a ratio of mode radius to intermediate cladding radius of (W02/r2) of 0.7 or less. The present optical fiber has a good figure of merit value and limited bending and microbending losses. The optical fiber can be rolled up in a housing of reduced size in a chromatic dispersion compensating optical module having limited insertion losses and reduced polarization mode dispersion.

Abstract: A composite polymer fiber comprises a polymer filler material and a plurality of polymer scattering fibers disposed within the filler material. At least one of the filler material and the scattering fibers is formed of a birefringent material. The refractive indices of the filler material and the scattering fibers can be substantially matched for light incident in a first polarization state on the composite polymer fiber and unmatched for light incident in an orthogonal polarization state. The scattering fibers may be arranged to form a photonic crystal within the composite fiber. The composite fibers may be extruded and may be formed into a yarn, a weave or the like. If the filler material is soluble, it may be washed out of the yarn or weave, and the scattering fibers may then be infiltrated with a resin that is subsequently cured.

Abstract: Provided is an optical waveguide device including: a core having a stacked structure of at least three layers in which first thin films having a finite width and thickness and formed of a material having a relatively high electric conductivity and a second thin film having the same width as the first thin films and formed of a material having a lower conductivity than the material forming the first thin films are stacked in sequence, the first thin films being disposed in a first layer and an uppermost layer and adjacent to each other for interaction of surface plasmons; and a clad disposed around the core and formed of a material having a lower conductivity than the material forming the first thin films and a higher refractive index than the material forming the second thin film.