Abstract: Signal distribution arrangements are assembled by selecting a terminal body and a tap module combination that provides the desired signal strength at the intended position in an optical network. Each terminal body includes an input connection interface, a pass-through connection interface, a module connection interface, and multiple drop connection interfaces. Each tap module houses an optical tap having an asymmetric split ratio. Most of the optical signal power received at the signal distribution arrangement passes to the pass-through connection interface. A portion of the optical signal power is routed to the drop connection interfaces (e.g., via a symmetrical optical power splitter). The tap module and terminal body combination are selected based on the desired number of drop connection interfaces and to balance the asymmetric split ratio with the symmetric split ratio.

Abstract: A method of forming an emitting array of waveguides, comprising providing a plurality of waveguides that exhibit different propagation constants so as to ensure that nearby waveguides do not couple evenly over parallel propagation lengths by varying a length in one or more dimensions of respective waveguides, whereby the respective waveguides are phase mismatched with at least their nearest neighbor.

Abstract: An optical receiver includes: an optical stub which includes an optical fiber; an optical demultiplexer; a plurality of photo detectors; a TIA; an optical block including a first concavity, a second concavity, a first reflective plane, a second reflective plane, and a third reflective plane, the first concavity being configured to hold the optical stub, the second concavity being configured to accommodate the optical demultiplexer, the first reflective plane and the second reflective plane being configured to sequentially reflect a multiplex optical signal so that the multiplex optical signal emitted from an end surface of the optical stub is folded back toward the optical stub and is sequentially incident to the optical demultiplexer, and the third reflective plane being configured to reflect the plurality of single-wavelength optical signals emitted from the optical demultiplexer toward the plurality of photo detectors; and a circuit board.

Abstract: A medical sensor is described. In an example, the medical sensor includes a nanoscale tapered waveguide attached to a substrate. The nanoscale tapered waveguide includes a nanoscale channel that receives fluid and an excitation light and that outputs a response light. The excitation light propagates through the fluid. A receiving channel of the nanoscale channel is configured as a waveguide that receives and guides the excitation to a linearly tapered channel of the nanoscale channel. The linearly tapered channel has three dimensional linear tapering that focuses the excitation light guided from the receiving channel into an optical response channel of the nanoscale channel. In turn, the optical response channel is configured as a waveguide that outputs a response light in response to the excitation light focused from the linearly tapered channel. The response light corresponds to a response of an analyte of the fluid present in the optical response channel.

Abstract: A communications network includes a central communication unit, an optical transport medium, and a plurality of remote radio base stations. The central communication unit generates, within a selected millimeter-wave frequency band, a plurality of adjacent two-tone optical frequency conjugate pairs. Each conjugate pair includes a first optical tone carrying a modulated data signal, and a second optical tone carrying a reference local oscillator signal. The optical transport medium transports the plurality of two-tone conjugate pairs to the plurality of radio base stations, and each base station receives at least one conjugate pair at an optical front end thereof. The optical front end separates the first optical tone from the second optical tone, and converts the first optical tone into a millimeter-wave radio frequency electrical signal.

Abstract: In a wavelength selective filter, an optical fiber collimator, an interference filter, and a reflective plate are arranged in this order from front to rear along a z-axis. The collimator has a collimator lens disposed on the rear side of an optical fiber that is opened. The interference filter includes light incident and emitting surfaces, opposed with their xy-planes rotated about a y-axis at a predetermined rotation angle. The reflective plate has a front reflective surface having a normal direction along a z-axis direction, and reflects, toward the front, light incident from the front through the interference filter, to be incident onto the interference filter. The optical fiber collimator causes the input light propagating through the optical fiber from the front to be incident onto the interference filter, and converges the reflected light transmitted through the interference filter to the optical fiber and outputs the light.

Abstract: An optical receiver includes an inlet aperture configured to receive an incident optical signal and a plurality of optical components configured to separate the incident optical signal into an amplitude modulated transmitted linearly s-polarized signal, an amplitude modulated transmitted linearly p-polarized signal, an amplitude modulated reflected linearly s-polarized signal, and an amplitude modulated reflected linearly p-polarized signal.

Abstract: An optical demultiplexer is disclosed that separates light including a plurality of wavelengths into light of respective wavelengths. Unit circuits are cascaded in a tree structure. In optical demultiplexer components having the same structure, a combination of arm length differences in waveguide pairs is the same with respect to the N?1 Asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers in which the phase shifters are arranged, where N equals number of 2×2 couplers. In three of the optical demultiplexer components in at least one of the unit circuits, N is three or more. Each of control circuits controls the phase shifters arranged in a corresponding optical demultiplexer component of a corresponding unit circuit in order to increase or decrease a value of a function having, as an argument, a power value acquired by a monitor from among monitors arranged at four optical waveguides at an output side of the corresponding unit circuit.

Abstract: A receiver optical assembly includes: an optical platform, a receiver optical port and a wavelength division multiplexer being arranged along an optical path on the optical platform; a circuit board, a photodetector array being disposed on the circuit board; a mounting block, a focusing lens and an optical path shifter being disposed on t the mounting block, the mounting block being fixed on the circuit board, and the optical path shifter being placed above the photodetector array. Incident light containing a multi-channel optical signal enters through the receiver optical port, and the wavelength division multiplexer divides the incident light into a plurality of single-channel optical signal beams. The single-channel optical signal beams are coupled to photodetectors on the photodetector array after passing through the focusing lens and the optical path shifter on the mounting block.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a demultiplexer for processing a multiplexed optical input. The demultiplexer may include a plurality of Mach-Zehnder Interferometric (MZI) stages for converting the multiplexed optical input into a plurality of component optical signals. Each of the plurality of component optical signals corresponds to a respective wavelength-space component of the multiplexed optical input. A plurality of bandpass filters, each having a respective wavelength passband, may receive one of the plurality of component optical signals. The plurality of bandpass filters generates a plurality of demultiplexed optical signals based on the plurality of component optical signals.

Abstract: An optical beam steering device may include a tunable laser diode configured to emit laser beams and an antenna that includes a grating structure and is configured to convert the laser beams to a linear light source based on the grating structure. The tunable laser diode may emit a first laser beam having a first wavelength, and emit a second laser beam having a second wavelength, the second wavelength different from the first wavelength. The antenna may receive the first laser beam and, in response, output a first linear light source having a first emission angle with a surface of the antenna. The antenna may further receive the second laser beam and, in response, output a second linear light source having a second emission angle with the surface of the antenna, the second emission angle different from the first angle.

Abstract: An optical network communication system utilizes a coherent passive optical network (PON). The system includes an optical line terminal (OLT) having a downstream transmitter and an upstream receiver system configured for time-wavelength division coherent detection. The system further includes a splitter in operable communication with the OLT, and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) in operable communication with the splitter. Each of the plurality of ONUs is configured to (i) receive downstream coherent burst signals from the OLT, and (ii) transmit at least one upstream burst signal to the OLT. The upstream receiver system further includes a power control module and a local oscillator (LO) configured to generate an optical LO signal The power control module is configured to adaptively control, in real-time, a power level of the optical LO signal.

Abstract: A method of providing in-line Raman amplification in an optical fiber sensing system, including the procedures of generating a probe light having a probe wavelength, transmitting the probe light into an optical fiber, generating at least one Raman pump light at a respective pump wavelength, the pump wavelength being shorter than the probe wavelength, generating at least one Raman seed light at a respective seed wavelength, the seed wavelength being between the pump and probe wavelengths, transmitting the Raman pump light into the optical fiber, transmitting the Raman seed light into the optical fiber and propagating the Raman pump light, the Raman seed light and the probe light along the optical fiber to achieve distributed Raman amplification of signal light produced by the probe light as it propagates along the optical fiber.

Abstract: A multi-path multi-mode light signal aggregation, transmission, separation apparatus and method are provided. The apparatus includes a shell, an array lens module configured to turn multi-path multi-mode light signals having different frequencies and emitted by an emitting terminal and further totally reflect the light signals to a receiving terminal, an aggregation lens module configured to aggregate the turned light signals into a single-path multi-mode light signal and further disperse the single-path multi-mode light signal into the multi-path multi-mode light signals with different frequencies, and a collimation lens module configured to collimate the aggregated single-path multi-mode light signal to an optical fiber for transmission and to collimate the received single-path multi-mode light signal to the aggregation lens module. The lens modules are arranged on a substrate in the shell. The number of optical fibers and the upgrading cost can be reduced, and the communication rate is increased.

Abstract: A laser scanning method and a laser scanning apparatus. The laser scanning method comprises: generating a periodic input laser signal with a plurality of non-overlapping wavelengths in multiple time periods within each period; coupling each wavelength of a plurality of non-overlapping wavelengths of input laser signals to the corresponding output channel of multiple spatially-separated output channels, and emitting light from each output channel at different exit angles from each other.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to an antenna formed by a silicon photonic two-dimensional grating. In one embodiment, a phased-array light detection and ranging (LIDAR) device includes a phase shifting array that separately shifts a phase of a source light wave to produce separate light waves with distinct phases. The LIDAR device includes optical inputs operably connected with the phase shifting array to receive the separate light waves. The LIDAR device includes a photonic grating operably connected with the optical inputs to receive the separate light waves and having a body that is disposed within a substrate with a face of the body exposed within the substrate. The photonic grating including grating structures exposed within the face. The grating structures redirect the separate light waves to emit the light waves from the photonic grating to form the beam of light.

Abstract: A de-multiplexer (1) for separating two co-propagating modes of electromagnetic radiation includes a volume (2) having a path therethrough for receiving electromagnetic radiation, an input (8) for directing two co-propagating modes of electromagnetic radiation to be incident upon the volume, a control source (12) of electromagnetic radiation arranged to generate a time-dependent control field. The volume is arranged and the time-dependent control field is shaped such that, when the two co-propagating modes of electromagnetic radiation and the time-dependent control field are incident upon the volume contemporaneously, the time-dependent control field causes the volume to accept one of the two modes of electromagnetic radiation onto a mode of the volume without any parametric non-linear optical interaction taking place and to reflect or transmit the other of the two modes of electromagnetic radiation, so to spatially and/or temporally separate the two modes of electromagnetic radiation from each other.

Abstract: An optical system including a first filter including i) a first port mapped to a first wavelength band and ii) a second port mapped to a second wavelength band, the first filter configured to receive a first transmission signal at the first port and a second transmission signal at the second port, the first transmission signal within the first wavelength band, the second transmission signal within the second wavelength bands; a second filter including i) a third port mapped to the first wavelength band and ii) a fourth port mapped to the second wavelength band, the second filter configured to receive a third transmission signal at the third port and a fourth transmission signal at the fourth port, the third transmission signal within the first wavelength band, the fourth transmission signal within the second wavelength band and; and a wavelength selector.

Abstract: A method of managing an optical communications network comprising a plurality of nodes interconnected by optical sections. The method comprises: identifying one or more pairs of adjacent DL-equipped nodes at which dummy light (DL) hardware is deployed, respective dummy light (DL) hardware being deployed at fewer than the plurality of the nodes of the optical communications network, the respective DL hardware deployed at a particular node configured to supply dummy light to each optical section extending from the particular node, and defining a respective single-section DL path between each identified pair of adjacent DL-equipped nodes; identifying one or more pairs of non-adjacent DL-equipped nodes at which DL hardware is deployed, and defining a respective multi-section DL path between each identified pair of non-adjacent DL-equipped nodes; and causing the deployed DL hardware to supply DL light to each of the single- and the multi-section DL paths.

Abstract: A method may include performing an active alignment to enable optical coupling between a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber via an imaging structure. An end of the first optical fiber may be at a first location on a first surface of the imaging structure. The first location may be a first transverse offset distance from an axis of the imaging structure. An end of the second optical fiber may be at a second location of the first surface of the imaging structure. The second location may be a second transverse offset distance from the axis of the imaging structure. The method may include fusion splicing the end of the first optical fiber at the first location on the first surface of the imaging structure, and fusion splicing the end of the second optical fiber at the second location on the first surface of the imaging structure.

Abstract: Near normal incidence MUX/DEMUX designs may include an optical demultiplexer coupled to a photonics die, where the optical demultiplexer comprises an input fiber, thin film filters at a first surface of a substrate, a first mirror at the first surface of the substrate, and a second mirror at a second surface of the substrate. The optical demultiplexer may receive an input optical signal comprising a plurality of wavelength optical signals, reflect the input optical signal from the first mirror to the second mirror, reflect the input optical signal from the second mirror to a first of the thin film filters, communicate an optical signal at a first wavelength to the photonics die while reflecting others to the second mirror, reflect the other signals to a second of the plurality of thin film filters, and communicate an optical signal at a second wavelength to the photonics die.

Abstract: A photonic parallel network can be used to sample combinatorially hard distributions of Ising problems. The photonic parallel network, also called a photonic processor, finds the ground state of a general Ising problem and can probe critical behaviors of universality classes and their critical exponents. In addition to the attractive features of photonic networks—passivity, parallelization, high-speed and low-power—the photonic processor exploits dynamic noise that occurs during the detection process to find ground states more efficiently.

Abstract: An intelligence-defined optical tunnel network system includes a plurality of pods. Any one of the pods includes a plurality of optical add-drop sub-systems (OADS), which are configured to perform data transmission, respectively, through a plurality of Top-of-Rack (ToR) switches between a corresponding plurality of servers. Any one of the OADSs includes a first transmission module and a second transmission module. The first transmission module is configured to perform data transmission at a first frequency band, and the first transmission module of any one of the OADSs connected to the first transmission module of the adjacent OADSs to form a first transmission ring. The second transmission module is configured to perform data transmission at a second frequency band differed to the first frequency band, and the second transmission module of any one of the OADSs connected to the second transmission module of the adjacent OADSs to form a second transmission ring.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and demultiplexing with signal entry and exit in a common routing surface to increase channel density. In particular, disclosed is a WDM assembly including one or more common ports and one or more channel sets, with each channel set including one or more channel ports. The WDM assembly includes a first routing surface with a first WDM passband and a second routing surface offset from the first routing surface. The second routing surface is configured to reflect at least one signal passed through the first routing surface back through the first routing surface at a laterally different location. The offset controls a pitch between reflected signals, while maintaining a sufficiently large surface area to ensure proper signal performance and/or structural integrity. Controlling pitch by offset provides higher density routing with smaller channel pitches and/or more channels in a decreased volume.

Abstract: Aspects described herein include an optical apparatus comprising an input port configured to receive an optical signal comprising a plurality of wavelengths, and a plurality of output ports. Each output port is configured to output a respective wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths. The optical apparatus further comprises a first plurality of two-mode Bragg gratings in a cascaded arrangement. Each grating of the first plurality of two-mode Bragg gratings is configured to reflect a respective wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths toward a respective output port of the plurality of output ports, and transmit any remaining wavelengths of the plurality of wavelengths.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing an optical casting comprising at least one volume-holographic optical element by means of at least one casting operation, the process comprising the following steps: providing a casting mould comprising a first mould section having a flat, spherical, aspherical or free-form first surface and a second mould section having a flat, spherical, aspherical or free-form second surface, the first mould section being connectable to the second mould section to form the casting mould, providing at least one holographic optical element, positioning and aligning the at least one holographic optical element with respect to the first mould section or/and with respect to the second mould section, combining the first and second mould sections to form the casting mould, introducing casting material in one or more casting steps, the casting material having a maximum viscosity at 25° C.

Abstract: An optical modulator of an optical transceiver can be calibrated using intermediate frequency (IF) signals to generate accurate crossing point values (e.g., DC bias). A photodiode can measure output from the optical modulator at intermediate and high-speed frequencies to generate crossing point values that avoid crossing point errors. A target crossing point can be selected at any value (e.g., 40%, 50%) and bias values can be generated from IF signals and then stored in a lookup date for setting the modulator bias during operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remotely turning on and turning up a Raman amplifier are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes the step of turning on one or more Raman pumps of a Raman amplifier to a predetermined safe gain or power level. The method also includes determining an estimated loss along a fiber optic span of a link between adjacent nodes of an optical network. Responsive to the estimated loss being greater than a reach of an Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) signal along the link, the method includes the step of adjusting the gain or power level of the one or more Raman pumps.

Abstract: A 2-D sensor array includes a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the semiconductor substrate. Each pixel includes a coupling region and a junction region, and a slab waveguide structure disposed on the semiconductor substrate and extending from the coupling region to the region. The slab waveguide includes a confinement layer disposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The first cladding and the second cladding each have a refractive index that is lower than a refractive index of the confinement layer. Each pixel also includes a coupling structure disposed in the coupling region and within the slab waveguide. The coupling structure includes two materials having different indices of refraction arranged as a grating defined by a grating period. The junction region comprises a p-n junction in communication with electrical contacts for biasing and collection of carriers resulting from absorption of incident radiation.

Abstract: Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network. Accordingly, it would be beneficial for new fiber optic interconnection architectures to address the traditional hierarchical time-division multiplexed (TDM) routing and interconnection and provide reduced latency, increased flexibility, lower cost, lower power consumption, and provide interconnections exploiting N×M×D Gbps photonic interconnects wherein N channels are provided each carrying M wavelength division signals at D Gbps.

Abstract: Structures for a filter and methods of fabricating a structure for a filter. The filter is coupled to a waveguide core. The filter includes a first plurality of grating structures positioned adjacent to a first section of the waveguide core and a second plurality of grating structures positioned adjacent to a second section of the waveguide core. The first plurality of grating structures are configured to cause laser light in a first portion of a wavelength band to be transferred between the first section of the waveguide core and the first plurality of grating structures. The second plurality of grating structures are configured to cause laser light in a second portion of a wavelength band to be transferred between the second section of the waveguide core and the second plurality of grating structures.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for allowing a network system to automatically perform a configuration of a network management server without user intervention, and a method for allowing a load distribution device to manage the network management server comprises the steps of: receiving information indicating that a new base station is added to a network; transmitting the information on the new base station to at least one network management server; receiving processing time information on the new base station from the at least one network management server; and determining a network management server to which the new base station is to be allocated, on the basis of the processing time information.

Abstract: Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network. Accordingly, it would be beneficial for new fiber optic interconnection architectures to address the traditional hierarchal time-division multiplexed (TDM) routing and interconnection and provide reduced latency, increased flexibility, lower cost, lower power consumption, and provide interconnections exploiting N×M×D Gbps photonic interconnects wherein N channels are provided each carrying M wavelength division signals at D Gbps.

Abstract: A detection system for measuring one or more conditions within a predetermined area includes a fiber harness having at least one fiber optic cable for transmitting light, a plurality of nodes operably connected to the at least one fiber optic cable arranged to measure one or more conditions within the predetermined area, a coupling to connect each node of the plurality of nodes to the at least one fiber optic cable, and a control system operably coupled to the fiber harness such that scattered light associated with the node is transmitted to the control system, wherein the control system analyzes the scattered light to determine at least one of a presence and magnitude of the one or more conditions at the node.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods of manufacturing optical engines and laser projectors that are well-suited for use in wearable heads-up displays (WHUDs) are described. Generally, the optical engines of the present disclosure integrate a plurality of laser diodes (e.g., 3 laser diodes, 4 laser diodes) within a single, hermetically or partially hermetically sealed, encapsulated package. Photonic integrated circuits having grating couplers thereon may be used to wavelength multiplex beams of light emitted by the plurality of laser diodes into a coaxially superimposed aggregate beam. Such optical engines may have various advantages over existing designs including, for example, smaller volumes, better manufacturability, faster modulation speed, etc. WHUDs that employ such optical engines and laser projectors are also described.

Abstract: A device includes a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler. A first arched waveguide forms a first curved optical path between a first output port of the first directional coupler and a first input port of the second directional coupler. The first arched waveguide has an angle of curvature and a radius of curvature. A second arched waveguide has the angle of curvature and the radius of curvature. The first arched waveguide and the second arched waveguide each have a concavity oriented in the same direction. A first straight waveguide is coupled to a second output port of the first directional coupler and a first end of the second arched waveguide. A second straight waveguide is coupled to a second end of the second arched waveguide and a second input port of the second directional coupler.

Abstract: An optical transceiver according to an embodiment includes a plurality of optical sub-assemblies, a circuit board, an optical receptacle, a WDM module, support member and a housing including the plurality of optical sub-assemblies, the circuit board, the optical receptacle, the WDM module, and the support member. The transmission sleeve and the reception sleeve have respective protrusions coupled to the plurality of first internal fibers in one to one. The housing has holes configured to allow the transmission sleeve and the reception sleeve for being inserted to the housing. The support member has a retaining part configured to retain the protrusions of the transmission sleeve and the reception sleeve for positioning the transmission sleeve and the reception sleeve.

Abstract: Various fiber optic distribution modules are disclosed, as well as cable useable to interconnect such modules. One possible module includes a first MPO connector and a second MPO connector exposed, and a plurality of LC connectors, the plurality of LC connectors arranged into a first row and a second row. A plurality of fibers is routed between one of the first and second MPO connectors and a different one of the plurality of LC connectors. The plurality of LC connectors in the first row and the second row are grouped into N groups with M connectors in each group corresponding to M/2 channels included in each group and including a fiber pair. The M connectors of each group are disposed across the first and second rows. Indicia disposed on the second side of the housing visually distinguish each group of the N groups from an adjacent neighboring group.

Abstract: An optical system including a ROADM including previously in-service channels; a SDN computing module in communication with the ROADM over a DCN, the SDN computing module providing an instruction to place in-service an additional channel at the ROADM; an optical controller included by the ROADM and configured to, in response to the instruction to place in-service the additional channel at the ROADM: obtain optical power targets for each in-service channel including the previously in-service channels and the additional in-service channel; equalize a transmit power for each in-service channel of the ROADM, including: identify the transmit power of each in-service channel; transition each in-service channel to a power mode; adjust the transmit power of each in-service channel based on, for each in-service channel, the optical power target for the in-service channel and the identified transmit power for the in-service channel; and transition each in-service channel to a steady state mode.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes an electronic display having a pixel array configured to display a sequence of subframes, and an image shifting electro-optic device that is operable to shift at least a portion of an image of the display pixel array synchronously with displaying the sequence of subframes, so as to form a sequence of offset subframe images for providing an enhanced image resolution and pixel correction in a compound image. The image shifting electro-optic device may include a polarization switch in series with a polarization grating, for shifting image pixels between offset image positions in coordination with displaying consecutive subframes.

Abstract: A system includes a communication interface including separate electrical connectors configured to communicate power and ground using electrical conductors, the communication interface includes a free-air optical interconnect including at least one of: a laser emitter configured to transmit laser energy across an air gap to a separate device; or a photodiode configured to detect laser energy received across the air gap from the separate device.

Abstract: The present application relates to an FPC connector, comprising a first insulating layer, a first circuit layer comprising a plurality of conductive strips, and a second insulating layer, wherein the first circuit layer and the second insulating layer each has a forepart extending beyond a front end of the first insulating layer; the first circuit layer comprises a plurality of conductive strips having foreparts arranged in parallel at equal intervals, a metal layer is plated with or deposited on the foreparts of the first circuit layer, the metal layer and the foreparts of the first circuit layer constitute metal fingers; conductive strips on other circuit layers connect to the conductive strips of the layer by vias and metallic coating or deposition. A position located at a bottom of the FPC corresponding to the metal fingers is covered by a layer of reinforcing plate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for periscope optical assemblies within interposers that include a bulk material having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side; a first optic defined in the bulk material at a first height in the bulk material along an axis extending between the first second sides; a second optic defined in the bulk material at a second height in the bulk material, different than the first height, along the axis; a first waveguide defined in the bulk material, extending from the first side to the first optic; a second waveguide defined in the bulk material, extending from the second optic to the second side; and a third waveguide defined in the bulk material, extending from the first optic to the second optic.

Abstract: A method of configuring an optical link with an optimized spectral efficiency and bit rate is provided. The method includes obtaining, by a controller of an optical network, a baseline configuration that includes a traffic mode that uses a predetermined channel spacing of a plurality of channels in a frequency spectrum. The plurality of channels are used for transmitting optical signals on an optical link in the optical network. The method further includes selecting three contiguous channels that include a center channel and two adjacent channels and while maintaining a performance parameter above or equal to a threshold value, moving the adjacent channels closer to the center channel and varying at least one transmission parameter, thereby reducing a spacing of the center channel. As such, a spectral frequency map is generated in which the channel spacing is reduced and an optical link is configured based on the spectral frequency map.

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit is provided that is adapted to compensate for an unintentional manufactured refractive index profile, such as a gradient, that arises due to manufacturing variance. The photonic integrated circuit including at least a thermal source and a spaced thermal sink to induce a thermal gradient in the photonic integrated circuit between the thermal source and the spaced thermal sink, the thermal gradient imparts an opposing thermal refractive index profile to correct for the manufactured refractive index profile. In some embodiments the photonic integrated circuit may be constructed with features that have an intentional structured refractive index profile that ensures any unintentional manufactured refractive index profile is correctable by the opposing thermal refractive index profile induced by the thermal source.

Abstract: A Volume Bragg grating (VBG) is placed in the back of a collimating lens, the incident angle between exposure light beam and the Volume Bragg grating is equal to the Bragg angle of the Volume Bragg grating. A photodetector is placed in the ?1 grade transmission diffraction light path of the Volume Bragg grating which the exposure light beam is emitted to. The pinhole filter is moved back and forth along an optical axis and the reading of the photodetector is observed in real time. When the reading of the photodetector is maximum, fix the pinhole filter and keep the distance between the first pinhole filter and the first collimating lens a constant. The method for adjusting the self-collimation optical path is provided, using the Volume Bragg grating to detect the parallelism of self-collimation light and substituting for a traditional Moire pattern adjustment method.

Abstract: Embodiment of present invention provide an optical interconnect apparatus. The apparatus includes an optical signal path; a first set of fibers attached to a first end of the optical signal path via a first wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) filter; and a second set of fibers attached to a second end of the optical signal path via a second WDM filter, wherein at least the first set of fibers is a ribbon fiber. Embodiment of present invention further provide an interconnected optical system that includes a first optical transport terminal having a first set of optical signal ports and a second optical transport terminal having a second set of optical signal ports, with the two sets of optical signal ports being interconnected by the optical interconnect apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiment of present invention provide an optical interconnect apparatus. The apparatus includes an optical signal path; a first set of fibers attached to a first end of the optical signal path via a first wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) filter; and a second set of fibers attached to a second end of the optical signal path via a second WDM filter, wherein at least the first set of fibers is a ribbon fiber. Embodiment of present invention further provide an interconnected optical system that includes a first optical transport terminal having a first set of optical signal ports and a second optical transport terminal having a second set of optical signal ports, with the two sets of optical signal ports being interconnected by the optical interconnect apparatus.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a waveguide-based frequency-selective structure with one or more input ports and N1 output ports where N1 is 2 or more. If input signals in a pair of input signals are separated in frequency by an integer multiple of the structure's free spectral range, and one of the pair is routed onto one output port, the other in the pair is also routed onto that port. The apparatus also includes: N2 waveguides, where N2<=N1, each having an input port coupled to a corresponding one of the N1 output ports, and a waveguide output port; N3 frequency-selective elements where N3<=N2, each having an input port coupled to a corresponding one of the N2 waveguide output ports and an output surface from which optical emission occurs at an optical frequency-dependent angle; and an element receiving optical emission from the N3 output surfaces, detecting a corresponding intensity pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image processing device in which an image processing section for configuring a pipeline by connecting a plurality of processing modules for performing predetermined processing on input image data in series performs image processing for each block obtained by dividing image data of one frame read from a data storage section via a data bus, wherein the image processing section includes an external input/output module incorporated into the pipeline as a processing module configured to perform processing different from processing of each of the processing modules and wherein the external input/output module is configured to directly transmit data from and to an external processing section outside the image processing section without involving the data bus at a position where the external input/output module is incorporated into the pipeline.