Abstract: A portable optical-fiber cutter is used to slice a first optical-fiber at an advantageous angle to control reflections and at a suitable length to mate with a similar second optical-fiber that was pre-sliced at a complementary angle in the factory and configured as a receptacle for the first optical-fiber. This technique avoids the need for installation of two-ended, factory pre-connectorized optical-fiber cable and permits usage of a narrow-diameter protective “microduct” to enclose the optical fiber cable rather than requiring large-diameter protective duct to allow passage of a pre-connectorized connector there-through. Space is saved, particularly in large multi-unit apartment buildings where available space may be at a premium for large bundles of multiple optical cables. This technique also results in saving large amounts of technician-installer time when compared with the current time-consuming technique of fusion splicing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a telecommunications cable including a distribution cable and a tether that branches from the distribution cable at a mid-span breakout location. A flexible closure covers the mid-span breakout location. Within the closure, fibers are broken out from the distribution cable and spliced to fibers of the tether. The lengths of broken out fibers within the flexible closure are provided with sufficient excess fiber length to allow the closure to be readily bent/flexed in any direction without damaging the fibers.

Abstract: An optical cable having an optical core with a strength member and optical fibers embedded in a thermoplastic material. The optical core has a joint section having substantially the same diameter as the one of the optical core. The joint section has a jointed strength member and a plurality of spliced optical fibers, the jointed portion of the strength member and the spliced portion of the optical fibers being embedded into a cured polymeric material. A method for manufacturing an optical core is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable, comprising a cable main unit with an optical fiber covered by a sheath and terminal units mounted on end portions of the cable main unit, wherein each of the terminal units has a transparent cover member with a refractive index approximately equal to the optical fiber, the cover member of at least one of the terminal units and the optical fiber are welded under such condition that the cover member is brought closer to or into contact with the optical fiber, and the cover member and the optical fiber are integrated with each other.

Abstract: An fiber optic splice having substantially enhanced reliability and broadened operating temperature range uses a light-cured index matching fluid to splice the facing ends of the optical fibers in between two metallic tubes forming a leak-tight, thermally insulating, and mechanically robust outer package.

Abstract: A hole-assisted holey fiber is provided. The holey fiber includes a core region; a cladding region around the core region, and a plurality of holes in the cladding region around the core region. The core region has a higher refractive index than that of the cladding region. The holes form an inner hole layer and an outer hole layer, and the inner hole layer has the same number of holes as the number of the holes in the outer hole layer. The outer layer holes are provided in locations in which inner holes are absent when viewed from the center of the core region, and holes defining the same layer have the same diameter. A distance ?1 from a center of the core region to a center of an inner hole and a distance ?2 from the center of the core region to a center of an outer hole satisfy the relationship ?1<?2, and a diameter d1 of an inner hole and a diameter d2 of an outer hole satisfy the relationship d1?d2.

Abstract: A field termination platform and method for field termination of an optical fiber in an optical fiber connector are provided. The field termination platform includes a base configured to hold the optical fiber connector having a pre-assembled fiber stub. An actuation mechanism is disposed on the base to actuate a splice element of the optical connector and to actuate a buffer clamping portion of the optical connector. A fiber holder is provided to hold the optical fiber in the termination platform during termination.

Abstract: A splice tray arranged to manage and store both stranded fiber optic cables and ribbon fiber optic cables. The tray includes a splice holding arrangement that accommodates both stranded splice components and ribbon splice components. The tray also includes a storage arrangement having radius limiting arrangements that define a number of storage or routing pathways that accommodate varying lengths of both stranded fiber optic cables and ribbon fiber optic cables.

Abstract: A fiber optic mechanical splice connector including a single connector element operable for providing optical fiber alignment and strain relief includes opposed splice components that define first and second grooves for receiving the bare glass portions of mating optical fibers, as well as the coated or buffered portion of at least one of the optical fibers when the splice components are biased together by an actuator. The mating optical fibers are aligned while the coated or buffered portion of one of the optical fibers is retained within the same connector element, thus eliminating positioning problems that occur when separate connector elements are utilized for fiber alignment and strain relief. The splice components may be unbiased to allow removal of at least one of the mating optical fibers without destroying the connector assembly or potentially damaging the optical fibers.

Abstract: An optical fiber connecting tool is provided in which an optical fiber connecting tool 5 is used which has a ferule 7, a connecting structure 10 which has two clamping sections 18, 19 which are disposed in a ferule 7. A pre-installed optical fiber 6 and a newly installed optical fiber 17 are clamped in a butt-connected condition by a clamping section 18. The newly installed optical fiber 17 is clamped by the other clamping section 19. An optical fiber connecting tool 1 is provided which has an open/close member 2 which is detachably disposed on the clamping section 18 and another open/close member 3 which is detachably disposed on the another clamping section 19 such that the both of the open/close members 2, 3 can be operated independently.

Abstract: A compact, low profile splicing system for joining optical fibers produces durable, low transmission loss fusion splices. The system employs active optical techniques such as profile alignment or local injection and detection to achieve optimized alignment of the fibers prior to fusion. Light injected into one fiber is propagated across the interface to a second fiber. A detector senses the intensity of the injected light in the second fiber. After the relative position of the fibers is manipulated to maximize the transmitted intensity, the fibers are fusion spliced using an electric arc discharge. The accurate alignment achievable using the local injection and detection system to drive adaptive fiber positioning affords a method for reliably producing low loss splices. The present system is compact and low in profile, making it operable in cramped quarters with limited clearance to adjacent equipment and structures and with only a minimal amount of free fiber slack available.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a telecommunications cable including a distribution cable and a tether that branches from the distribution cable at a mid-span breakout location. A flexible closure covers the mid-span breakout location. Within the closure, fibers are broken out from the distribution cable and spliced to fibers of the tether. The lengths of broken out fibers within the flexible closure are provided with sufficient excess fiber length to allow the closure to be readily bent/flexed in any direction without damaging the fibers.

Abstract: A molding die 1 is constituted by an upper die 1a and a lower die 1b which are made of a material transparent to an ultraviolet light, and has a cavity 3 constituted by grooves 2c, 2d, whereas a resin injection gate 4 and a resin exit gate 7 are provided so as to communicate with the cavity 3. A junction of an optical fiber 10 is inserted into the cavity 3. A UV-curable resin is injected into the cavity 3 surrounding an exposing portion of the glass optical fiber 11 from the resin injection gate 4 positioned at one of coating ends of the optical fiber 10, whereas a part thereof is discharged from the resin exit gate 7 positioned at the other coating end. The ultraviolet light is emitted through the lower die 1b so as to cure the resin, thereby forming a reinforcement resin coating. As a consequence, bubbles can be prevented from occurring due to the residual air within the reinforcement resin coating in the junction of the optical fiber 10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protector assembly and process for protecting a downhole connection of a line (e.g., fiber optic or electrical) from the wellbore environment. Inside the housing that provides protection from the wellbore environment is a subassembly that provides anchoring to prevent movement of the cables' internal components that may damage the spliced connection.

Abstract: The present invention provides materials suitable for use as secondary coatings of optical fibers or the re-coating of spliced optical fiber junctions. With regard to the latter use, the coating materials a preferably characterized by a Young's modulus that is at least about 1200 MPa, and an interfacial strength as measured by the rod and tube method of greater than 25 MPa.

Abstract: A field installable fiber optic connector includes a housing and a ferrule holder inserted from the rearward end of the housing. A spring element inserted into the front of the housing and a spring element retainer attached to the ferrule holder bias the ferrule holder forward. An optical fiber stub is disposed between opposed splice members and a field fiber is inserted between the splice members and guided by a groove into abutment with the end of the optical fiber stub. A cam disposed about the ferrule holder is movable to facilitate insertion of the field fiber and to clamp the field fiber and the optical fiber stub between the splice members. In one embodiment, a trigger is coupled to the housing. The trigger is disposed about and slides relative to the ferrule holder, thereby biasing the housing forward relative to the ferrule holder to aid in latching the connector.

Abstract: An interface system and a method of making an interface assembly or connection between a first device having a number of optical leads and a second device having a number of optical leads. In the preferred process one forms an optical fabric assembly having a number of free or unattached optical leads without any coupler attached thereto. To transfer a signal from the free or unattached optical leads one forms an optical coupler by connecting one end of an optical lead to a connector. The other end of the optical lead is maintained in a free or unattached condition. One can then test the optical coupler to determine if the connections is properly formed so that a signal can pass into the optical lead through the connector or vice versa.

Abstract: An optical top-hat pulse generator comprising a polarization-maintaining fiber loop and controlled by solitons. A polarization-maintaining coupler launches a continuous wave optical signal into the fiber loop along a principal axis of the fiber loop. Another coupler launches a control pulse into the fiber loop along another orthogonal principal axis. The fiber loop may consist of a plurality of sections of polarization-maintaining fiber spliced together so that the principal axis of one section aligns with the orthogonal principal axis of an adjacent section and the length of each individual section is chosen to achieve equal in magnitude, but opposite in sign group delays between the continuous wave optical signal and the control pulse.

Abstract: The present method and kit provide for effective and efficient patching of fiber optic cables. The kit comprises mechanical fiber optic splicers, a fiber optic patch, a splice housing, and a protective housing. The mechanical fiber optic splicers can be used to splice the fiber optic cable and the fiber optic patch. The mechanical fiber optic splicers, the fiber optic patch, and a portion of the fiber optic cable can be enclosed within the splice housing. The splice housing can then be enclosed within a protective housing.

Abstract: An optical coupler (1) comprises two optical fibers (2, 3). Each of the optical fibers connects a sender unit (4) to a first end (9, 10). Then each of these fibers is connected independently to two independent receivers (6, 8). At the sender unit (4), the fibers are bared to be inserted into the same sleeve (15) which may be presented before the optical beam sent out by the sender unit. The bared intermediate zone between the sleeve and the non-bared cable portion is protected by a first sheath inside which the bared optical fibers are floating, and by a second protective sheath.

Abstract: An optical fiber axial alignment method and related method, and an optical fiber fusion splicing method and related device are disclosed wherein a butt alignment section 9 has a butt alignment groove portion 7 to allow at least one pair of optical fibers 3 to be positioned such that distal ends of optical fibers 3 mutually but one another. Optical fiber guide sections 21 on both sides of the butt alignment section 9 have guide grooves 23, whose centers are positioned on substantially straight lines interconnecting centers of at least one pair of opposing butt alignment groove portions formed on the butt alignment section 9, and are able to elevate above the butt alignment section 9.

Abstract: The polarization state of a light wave is changed by a fiber polanrzation retardation device constructed by a method including employment of a pair of clamping fixtures, and a series of steps including clamping, cleaving, splicing, releasing, clamping, and cleaving, so as to achieve precise optical fiber lengths to achieve a desired polarization retarding device.

Abstract: Optical fibers (1, 1?) are fusion spliced to each other by using a CO2 laser (109) having an emission wavelength of 9.3 microm. The heat absorption of the fibers is higher and the variation of the absorption for small deviations of the wavelength is smaller than at the conventional wavelength of 10.6 microm. As a result, less laser power is needed, the laser construction may be more compact and safety problems can easier be handled. The optical arrangement for the light beam of the CO2 laser includes deflecting and focusing the collimated laser beam (20) emitted by the laser using a mirror (10) having a curved surface of concave nearly paraboloid shape, the splice position (30) located at a small distance of the focus of the mirror and well outside the collimated beam.

Abstract: A technique is provided for automatic optimization of a splice loss estimator of a fiber splicer (1), where the splice loss estimator is adapted, in a splice loss estimation procedure, to estimate the splice losses (Lti) of splices (i) of optical fibers as produced by the fiber splicer from images taken of the optical fibers at the splicing thereof, and the splice loss estimation procedure includes the use of splice loss estimation parameters (Pj). The estimator estimates splice losses based on information (Cij) obtained from the images and the estimation parameters. Further, the splice losses are measured by means of a measurement instrument (3). The estimated (Lti) and measured (LMi) splice losses, and the information obtained from the images are uploaded (71) into an off-line computer (5) and the key estimation parameters are automatically optimized by the selection of any solution within the Bellcore accuracy criteria (75), whereafter the optimized estimation parameters are downloaded (81) to the splicer.

Abstract: An optical fiber of a bundled fiber light source is an optical fiber whose core diameter is uniform but whose emission end cladding diameter is smaller than an incidence end cladding diameter thereof, and a light emission region thereof is made smaller. An angle of luminous flux from this higher luminance bundled fiber light source, which passes through a lens system and is incident on a DMD, is smaller, i.e., an illumination NA is made smaller. Thus, an angle of flux which is incident on a surface that is to be exposed is smaller. That is, a minute image formation beam can be obtained without increasing the image formation NA, focal depth is lengthen.

Abstract: A data collection system that is attachable to an optical fiber splicer and is connectible to the splicer's serial port and/or video output. The device captures text data from the serial port and stores this data along with digitized video images of the fibers before, during, and/or after the splice. This data may be stored on a high-capacity storage medium, which may be removable. The date, time, and/or other external data may be recorded as well. The record of each splice is uniquely identified by a serial number or other indicium that is labeled on the splice. This serial number may be read into the data collection device by a laser scanner or optical wand. This device may also interface with a computer and may have full handshaking and a faster, better configured serial port connection than the splicer itself. Advantages of the data collection system include providing remote access of splice data, accountability for defective or problematic splices, and more efficient troubleshooting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating device having at least a first heating element 102 for heating at least one protective sleeve 105, 602 arranged around at least a first uncoated optical fiber section 501, 603. Said sleeve 105, 602 being arranged to shrink when exposed to heat to form a protecting member tightly enclosing said uncoated optical fiber section 501, 603. The at least first heating element is flexible, and arranged to take at least a first open state and a second substantially closed state. Said first open state is suitable for inserting and removing said protecting sleeve and fiber into and out off said heating device. Said heating element, in said second state, substantially surrounds said sleeve to form an enclosure around said sleeve, so that said heating element radiates heat around substantially the complete circumference of said sleeve.

Abstract: A field installable fiber optic connector includes a housing, a spring element seat and a ferrule holder that is inserted from the rearward end of the housing. A spring element inserted into the front of the housing abuts the spring element seat. A spring element retainer attached to the ferrule holder abuts the forward portion of the spring element to compress the spring element and bias the ferrule holder forward. An optical fiber stub disposed between opposed splice members in an aligning groove terminates intermediate the ends of the splice members. An optical fiber is inserted between the splice members and guided by the groove into abutment with the end of the optical fiber stub. A cam disposed about the ferrule holder is movable to facilitate insertion of the optical fiber and to clamp the optical fiber and the optical fiber stub between the splice members.

Abstract: An optical fiber of a bundled fiber light source is an optical fiber whose core diameter is uniform but whose emission end cladding diameter is smaller than an incidence end cladding diameter thereof, and a light emission region thereof is made smaller. An angle of luminous flux from this higher luminance bundled fiber light source, which passes through a lens system and is incident on a DMD, is smaller, i.e., an illumination NA is made smaller. Thus, an angle of flux which is incident on a surface that is to be exposed is smaller. That is, a minute image formation beam can be obtained without increasing the image formation NA, focal depth is lengthen.

Abstract: A fusion-bonded optical component is created using a laser oscillator for irradiating at least one beam of laser light upon optical components, for example an end of a rod lens and an end of an optical fiber. The optical components are fusion-bonded at respective ends. A CCD camera is used for observing a shape change caused by the laser beam irradiation of the ends during the fusion bonding, and a controlling section controls the laser oscillator to form a curved edge in the end portion, the controller controlling the irradiation of the rod lens and optical fiber based at least in part on the observation performed by the CCD camera.

Abstract: A compact, low profile splicing system for joining optical fibers produces durable, low transmission loss fusion splices. The system employs active optical techniques such as profile alignment or local injection and detection to achieve optimized alignment of the fibers prior to fusion. Light injected into one fiber is propagated across the interface to a second fiber. A detector senses the intensity of the injected light in the second fiber. After the relative position of the fibers is manipulated to maximize the transmitted intensity, the fibers are fusion spliced using an electric arc discharge. The accurate alignment achievable using the local injection and detection system to drive adaptive fiber positioning affords a method for reliably producing low splices. The present system is compact and low in profile, making it operable in cramped quarters with limited clearance to adjacent equipment and structures and with only a minimal amount of free fiber slack available.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing of an optical fiber with a decoupling interface for scattered light to monitor the power of light guided through the optical fiber, where the optical fiber has a core having a first refractive index and a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding having a second refractive index smaller than the first refractive index, and where a portion of the optical fiber is substantially straightly aligned in the region of the decoupling interface, in which method the optical fiber is electro-thermally treated at an intermediate position within the substantially straightly aligned portion such that a partial mixture of core material and cladding material and, thereby, formation of scattering centers occurs in an interface region between the core and said the cladding, thereby forming the decoupling interface for scattered light from the modified intermediate position.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable includes pairs of transmission lines having length extensions and color coding to facilitate cable system assembly. Each transmission line is preferably constructed from unitary fibers including a P-type fiber and an N-type fiber with the length extensions of the same P-type and N-type fiber at each end respectively. The P-type fiber and the N-type fiber are preferably colored differently to indicate transmission direction. The P-type fiber and N-type fiber in one pair of transmission lines are preferably colored differently than the P-type fiber and N-type fiber in other pairs.

Abstract: Techniques are described for reducing splice loss between a pair of optical fibers. A first fiber is spliced to a second fiber at a splice point. A region of the spliced fibers, including the splice point, is thermally treated to cause a controlled diffusion of dopants in the region. A controlled tension is then applied to the splice region while heating it to a predetermined temperature to produce a controlled change in the splice region's strain state. Further described is a heat and tension station for performing a heat and tension technique on a pair of spliced fibers.

Abstract: A large-diameter core optical fiber and a small-diameter core high optical fiber are fusion-spliced, and the spliced portion is heated to expand the core diameter of a core of the high optical fiber and form a spot size transition portion, whereby spot sizes of the optical fibers are matched and relative refractive index differences thereof are made substantially identical. Subsequently, the optical fiber is cut at an arbitrary position and the spliced portion and the spot size transition portion are placed inside a ferule with the large diameter core optical fiber arranged on a light incident and outgoing end face side of the ferrule to form an optical fiber component. The core diameter is expanded while monitoring transition loss of the splined portion to obtain an optical fiber component having an optimal spot size transition portion without an advanced technique and without increase in transition loss.

Abstract: In an optical fiber array, an optical fiber, a bundle of optical fibers or an optical fiber ribbon is mounted on an array substrate with a V-groove or V-grooves. A bare fiber portion in which a fiber coating is removed is placed in the V-groove, pressed by a presser member 6 and bonded by adhesives. At the front end, the fiber(s) is/are accurately positioned to connect to optical components or PLCs. The bare fiber portion contains a spliced portion of the dissimilar optical fibers having different mode field diameters and a mode field converting portion. The spliced portion of the dissimilar optical fibers is mounted on the array substrate. A flexible protection member is provided in the fiber coating portion extending over a rear edge of the array substrate. The optical fiber is bonded onto the array substrate, employing three kinds of adhesives that are different in the Young's modulus after hardening and the viscosity before hardening.

Abstract: One or more single mode few-moded or multimode fibers are incorporated into a bundle to carry input to a fiber amplifier or output from a fiber amplifier or a fiber laser. The input is at the signal wavelength, which is the wavelength where amplification or lasing occurs. Each of the fibers in the bundle is cleaved individually or as a group and fiber ends are aligned in the same plane. The fiber amplifier or fiber laser may include a double clad fiber and the other fibers of the bundle couple light for cladding pumping. The device may also include a mode filter for controlling the output mode.

Abstract: A method of splicing optical fibers includes affixing a first fiber to a first keying element having a particular radial orientation, inserting the keying element in a support which receives the keying element only in a specific radial orientation, cleaving the fiber affixed to the inserted keying element at a predetermined angle (?) relative to the support to form an angled fiber end face, removing the keying element from the support, inserting the keying element into a splicing body which receives the keying element only in a specific radial orientation such that the angled fiber end face has a predictable radial orientation with respect to the splice body, and repeating the above operations for a second fiber and a second keying element, whereby the first angled fiber end face and the second angled fiber end face abut in a substantially parallel orientation.

Abstract: A fiber splice device includes a body comprising a ductile material. First and second end port sections located on opposite ends of the body are provided and are adapted to receive first and second optical fibers, respectively. The splice device further includes a fiber splicing section, adapted to house a fiber splice, located on the body between the end port sections. The fiber splicing section includes a fiber splice actuation section having a self-locking mechanism integral with the body. The splice device can be used in a variety of locations, such as in the access and metro areas of the fiber optic network, and it is not damaged easily.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus and method of a fiber coupler is provided. A movable electric arc is employed to fuse more than two stacked fibers for manufacturing a fiber coupler having a small size and good environment stability. It is advantageous that the fiber coupler can be used in a SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) communication system, and the method also be used to manufacture the all-fiber CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing) multiplexer which covers the E-band wavelengths and the sub-components of the OADM (Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer). And, all these functions are difficult to be achieved by the conventional techniques.

Abstract: A method for handling a fusion-spliced optical fiber and a transferring jig for transporting the optical fiber are provided. The jig is capable of holding the fusion-spliced optical fiber in a state in which a given tension is applied at the spliced portion, and stopping the application of such tension if needed. The jig is easy to transport and set to each of separate processing processes. In the method, a fusion-spliced optical fiber is clamped at coated portions thereof on both sides of the fusion-spliced portion by a pair of clamps of the jig and transported by the jig holding the optical fiber in a state wherein a given tension is applied thereto through the clamps.

Abstract: This invention relates to an alignment apparatus for aligning a planar optical wave-guide element and an optical fiber block wherein alignment can be completed with more precision and less expense than conventional methods. The alignment apparatus comprising a lower plate; a sliding table mounted on the lower plate capable of horizontal displacement on the lower plate; an upper plate mounted to the sliding table; and, a jig disposed on the upper plate and fixed to rotational means and capable of rotation about the upper plate for holding the optical fiber block.

Abstract: A fusion splicing apparatus for fusion splicing end portions of optical fiber by butt discharging. Parameter data of a brightness distribution waveform of optical fiber in cross section is measured from a picked up image. A degree of attribution for the measured parameter data is obtained from fuzzy operation data registered in advance, and the type of the optical fiber is identified through a fuzzy operation. The identified type of the optical fiber is collated with fusion splicing conditions for type of optical fibers registered in advance. The collation result is displayed.

Abstract: A device is for actuating the flaps of an optical waveguide splicer. The device includes a wind protection flap that can be rotated around a first rotational axis between a closed state and an open state, a first holding flap that's is arranged underneath the wind protection flap on a side of a splicing location and can be swiveled around a second rotational axis between a closed state and an open state and a second holding flap that is arranged underneath the wind protection flap on the remaining side of the splicing location and can be swiveled around the second rotational axis. The wind protection flap is provided with a first coupling device via which the first holding flap and/or the second holding flap can be coupled to the movement of the wind protection flap from the closed state into the open state.

Abstract: An optical fiber of a bundled fiber light source is an optical fiber whose core diameter is uniform but whose emission end cladding diameter is smaller than an incidence end cladding diameter thereof, and a light emission region thereof is made smaller. An angle of luminous flux from this higher luminance bundled fiber light source, which passes through a lens system and is incident on a DMD, is smaller, i.e., an illumination NA is made smaller. Thus, an angle of flux which is incident on a surface that is to be exposed is smaller. That is, a minute image formation beam can be obtained without increasing the image formation NA, focal depth is lengthen.

Abstract: An optical fiber coupler reinforcing member comprises an approximately rectangular member formed by a hard material, and has a flat surface along the longitudinal direction thereof. In addition, the shape thereof in cross-section is a hexagonal shape which inscribes a cylindrical member. Furthermore, a recess having a U-shaped cross-section is formed in the longitudinal direction of the above-mentioned approximately rectangular member and houses coupling section. The coupling section housed within the recess is fixed at both ends of the recess by an adhesive or the like. In addition, both ends of the inner wall surface of the recess have been given bevel sections. As a result, the optical fiber coupler reinforcing member having high reliability at low cost, with which the strength with respect to external force is improved and with which processability and the assembly operations of the optical fiber coupler are easy, are provided.

Abstract: An optical fiber transmission line including first, second and third optical fibers connected together so that light travels through the transmission line from the first optical fiber, then through the second optical fiber and then through the third optical fiber. The first, second and third optical fibers have first, second and third characteristic values, respectively. The second characteristic value is larger than the first characteristic value and the third characteristic value. The characteristic value of a respective optical fiber being a nonlinear refractive index of the optical fiber divided by an effective cross section of the optical fiber. Pump light is supplied to the transmission line so that Raman amplification occurs in the transmission line as an optical signal travels through the transmission line.

Abstract: A wireless microphone having a split-band audio frequency companding system is disclosed. The companding system includes a compression circuit in which one amplification element is utilized in connection with a number of frequency bands. Each frequency band has a rectifier and filter element associated therewith. High-pass filter elements are utilized in the higher frequency bands of the compression and expander circuits to reduce the transfer of low-frequency signals to the rectifier elements that process the low-frequency signals, thereby reducing undesirable modulations of a variable resistance element associated therewith.

Abstract: An attachment structure, and an associated method and system for forming the attachment structure. An end of an optical fiber is melted while the end is above, but not touching, an exposed surface of a substrate such that said end becomes molten. The optical fiber is substantially optically transparent to laser radiation of a given wavelength. The molten end is moved toward the exposed surface of the substrate until the end makes physical contact with the exposed surface of the substrate. The moving is performed sufficiently fast so that the end is still molten when the end initially makes the physical contact with the exposed surface of the substrate. The physical contact is maintained for a sufficient length of time to enable the end to bond to the exposed surface of the substrate with no intervening matter between the end and the exposed surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A network for distributing signals to a plurality of user apparatuses having a distribution unit with a plurality of ports, and a plurality of optical-fiber cables connected to the ports and suitable to make the plurality of ports of the distribution unit communicate with the plurality of user apparatuses. At least one of the plurality of optical-fiber cables is an electrically terminated optical cable having an optical cable with a single-mode optical fiber and an opto-electronic end portion mechanically and permanently connected to an end of the optical cable, and the opto-electronic end portion has an opto-electronic conversion device having an optic port optically aligned with and mechanically connected to, an end of the single-mode optical fiber.