Abstract: The present technique relates to a data processing apparatus and a data processing method each of which enables a burden imposed on processing on a reception side to be reduced. A data processing apparatus produces signaling containing a Null cell number exhibiting the number of Null cells of cells of a sub-frame included in a physical layer frame, and processes the signaling so as for the signaling to be contained in a preamble of the physical layer frame, thereby enabling a burden imposed on processing on a reception side to be reduced. The present technique, for example, can be applied to data transmission complying with the broadcasting standards such as ATSC3.0.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining a first set of parameters corresponding to a first video, such parameters including a first skip number and a first segment length. The method includes obtaining a first set of image feature values corresponding to the first video and storing the first set of parameters and the first set of image feature values as reference data. The method includes calculating a second set of image feature values corresponding to a second video and comparing the second set of image feature values to the reference data, and determining, based on the comparing, that the second set of image feature values exceeds a threshold. The method includes calculating, in response to the determining, a variance. The method includes generating, based on the variance, a second set of parameters corresponding to the second video, the second set of parameters including a second skip number and a second segment length.

Abstract: Techniques described herein automatically associate an image with an audio track. At least some implementations identify an audio track of interest, and automate associating an image with the audio track. Some implementations gather context information during playback of an audio track, and use the context information to automatically identify an image to associate with the audio track. Upon associating the image with the audio track, various implementations render the image during subsequent playback of the audio track.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for receiving a request from a user to access a video that is scheduled for transmission, simultaneously to a plurality of users, beginning from a scheduled start time. The request is received after the scheduled start time the transmission is performed by a linear service to which the user subscribes. In response to receiving the request, the systems and methods may generate for display the video to the user, and may receive, during display of the video, a command from the user to start playback of the video over from the beginning. In response to receiving the command, the systems and methods may identify a non-linear service to which the user subscribes that offers a non-linear copy of the video, and may play back the non-linear copy of the video from the beginning.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for receiving a request from a user to access a video that is scheduled for transmission, simultaneously to a plurality of users, beginning from a scheduled start time. The request is received after the scheduled start time the transmission is performed by a linear service to which the user subscribes. In response to receiving the request, the systems and methods may generate for display the video to the user, and may receive, during display of the video, a command from the user to start playback of the video over from the beginning. In response to receiving the command, the systems and methods may identify a non-linear service to which the user subscribes that offers a non-linear copy of the video, and may play back the non-linear copy of the video from the beginning.

Abstract: The invention provides a wide-angle image pickup unit, comprising at least two cameras (4a and 4b) to take digital images, wherein the two cameras are arranged in such a manner that optical axes (11a and 11b) of the two cameras cross perpendicularly each other on a same plane and images of wide field angle ? with the crossing point O as a center enable to be acquired, and wherein parts of field angles of the two cameras are superimposed on each other and an overlapping portion is formed by the two images superimposed on each other, and stereoscopic measurement can be performed based on the two images of the overlapping portion.

Abstract: Techniques for real-time DVR usage and reporting enable using instant message protocol in a DVR environment to obtain real-time DVR usage data and to report data reflecting such usage in real-time. An example of DVR usage data comprises data reflecting that a viewer is viewing a video program which is R-rated. Another example of DVR usage data comprises a viewer entering a password, such as a kids zone password, to exit kids zone operational mode.

Abstract: A system for storing file data and directory data received over a network includes a network interface in communication with the network which receives NAS requests containing data to be written to files from the network. The system includes a first type of storage. The system includes a second type of storage different from the first type of storage. The system includes a policy specification n which specifies a first portion of one or more files' data which is less than all of the files' data is stored in the first type of storage and a second portion of the data which is less than all of the data of the files is stored in the second type of store. The system comprises a processing unit which executes the policy and causes the first portion to be stored in the first type of storage and a second portion to be stored in the second type of storage. A method for storing file data and directory data received over a network.

Abstract: A video image display apparatus includes a processor, a memory, and a display unit wherein the memory contains instructions for causing the processor to perform operations of reading out, among from time/angle video image data, frames corresponded to time identification information and angle identification information in a frame-by-frame manner in a time order of the time identification information. The operations include causing the display unit to display the frames in the frame-by-frame manner in the time order of the time identification information; and inputting an angle switching instruction for the video image. Upon successive input of the angle switching instruction, the video image display apparatus successively reads out a frame corresponded to the time identification information at a time of input and the angle identification information, and the display unit successively switches to and displays the frame.

Abstract: An imaging device includes an interface, a controller, and a recorder. The interface is connected to an external device. The interface is configured to receive divided audio data obtained by dividing data included in an audio file obtained by the external device in units of time, from the external device. The controller performs correlating an image file with the divided audio data so that the image file and divided audio data are synchronized, based on time data of the image file obtained by image shooting, and time data of the divided audio data. The controller performs sending reduced image data obtained by reducing images included in the image file, to the external device through the interface. The recorder records the image file and divided audio data.

Abstract: A system and method for a centralized intelligence network are presented. A user connects to a control gateway. The control gateway is configured to access a control module. The control module is configured to perform at least one operation associated with the user device. The control module performs the operation. The control gateway sends, to the user device, information based on the performed operation. Accordingly, control modules may assist user devices in providing functions for a user.

Abstract: A remote storage digital video recorder (RS-DVR) system is disclosed. The RS-DVR system includes a network interface to communicate data between the RS-DVR system and a subscriber system via a network, a file system module coupled to the network interface, an ingest agent coupled to the file system module to receive encoded media segments that represent media content files encoded at a plurality of different bitrates, and a storage architecture coupled to the file system to store the encoded media segments, resulting in stored media segments. The RS-DVR carries out a number of functions and operations to service multiple subscribers and associated subscriber systems, such as various storage device management operations, file structure techniques, assignment of recorded media to subscribers, file system indexing, and supporting shared and per-subscriber content rights.

Abstract: A method of reproducing at least two digital video sequences. The method includes multiplexing a first digital video sequence with a second digital video sequence, pictures of the second digital video sequence are included in advance in a video stream and are associated with timing information such that a receiver will not decode and reproduce the pictures of the second digital video sequence. The method includes composing the at least two digital video sequences into the video stream in correspondence with a result of the multiplexing and subsequently including a sequence of dummy timing pictures into the video stream. The dummy timing pictures are inter-predicted and are coded by omitting any prediction error data.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for playback of multiple video elementary streams is presented herein. A host processor modifies the video elementary streams to allow a transport demultiplexer to distinguish among the plurality of the video elementary streams.

Abstract: A system and method are described herein for providing an convenient video program start over system and method for a video entertainment distribution network whereby a user may interactively revert back to the beginning of an ongoing video program that is currently broadcasted over the video distribution network. The novel system and method may be implemented on any video network having interactive television (ITV) capabilities, wherein user requests from a client are serviceable at an upstream head end, and video storage means exist for the purpose of storage of time based broadcast video programs. The system preferably utilizes a process that involves a minimally complicated sequence of commands that are easily understood and remembered by virtually any user, thereby enhancing the probability of consumer acceptance. The start over system and method may be embodied as a program of instructions, defining a controller, that are executed by a micro-processor located in the STB (client) or head end (server).

Abstract: Disclosed are a reproduction apparatus, a reproduction method, a recording apparatus, a recording method, a program and a data structure which can rapidly read a plurality of files from a recording medium at the same time. A reproduction apparatus 22 continuously reads interleaved data from a disc 21 which records a file of an ISO base media file format. The file includes interleaved data which is physically and continuously recorded on the disc 21 by dividing each data stream of files B and D into interleave units and by interleaving the interleave units, and position information which indicates, using the interleave unit as a chunk of the ISO base media file format, the position of the interleave unit which forms the chunk. Further, the reproduction apparatus 22 de-interleaves the interleaved data into the interleave units of each of the files B and D, on the basis of the position information.

Abstract: Methods for automatically buffering and displaying video feeds associated with a live event are described. The video feeds displayed on the mobile device may comprise live video feeds or replays associated with the live event. A replay may comprise a playback of one or more buffered video feeds in a particular sequence and at a particular playback rate. The particular sequence may be determined based on the viewing behavior of the end user of the mobile device and/or the viewing behaviors of one or more other end users using other mobile devices at the live event. In some cases, the replay may comprise a shared replay in which a group of end users attending the live event may interact with each other while sharing a common replay.

Abstract: AVClip recorded in BD-ROM is obtained by multiplexing a graphics stream and a video stream. The graphics stream is a PES packet sequence that includes 1) PES packets storing graphics data (ODS) and 2) PES packets storing control information (PCS). In each ODS, values of DTS and PTS indicate a timing of decoding start for corresponding graphics data, and a timing of decoding end for corresponding graphics data, respectively. In each PCS, a value of PTS indicates a display timing of corresponding decoded graphics data combined with the video stream.

Abstract: A video-audio processing method includes acquiring encoded audio data, decoding the acquired encoded audio data and thereby creating audio data; causing an audio output unit to output the created audio data, capturing a video image of an object in synchronization with an output of the audio data by the audio output unit and thereby creating first video data, encoding the created first video data and thereby creating first encoded video data, holding the first encoded video data, and multiplexing the encoded audio data and the first encoded video data and thereby creating a first stream.

Abstract: A left view graphics stream and a right view graphics stream recorded on a recording medium each include one or more display sets, and the display sets are data groups used for displaying one screen worth of one or more graphics objects. The one or more display sets included in the left view graphics stream are in one-to-one correspondence with the one or more display sets included in the right view graphics stream, and an identical playback time for the video stream on the playback time axis is set in each of the corresponding display sets. Each display set includes state information indicating whether the data is all data necessary for displaying one screen worth of one or more graphics objects, or is a difference from the immediately previous display set, and the state information included in corresponding display sets indicate identical content.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and device of statistical interleaving of at least two digital video sequences each comprising a plurality of coded pictures to be reproduced by a decoder, wherein the two digital video sequences form a single video stream and are destined for being successively reproduced in time, comprising statistical multiplexing a first digital video sequence with a second digital video sequence, wherein the pictures of the second digital video sequence are associated with timing information, which prevents a decoder from reproducing the pictures; transmitting the digital video sequences in an interleaved manner in accordance with a result of the statistical multiplexing to the decoder; and once the second digital video sequence is to be reproduced by decoder receiving the stream: transmitting dummy pictures, which are coded to refer to one or more pictures of the second video sequence transmitted in advance to the decoder.

Abstract: A storage medium for storing text-based subtitle data including style information, a reproducing apparatus and methods are provided for reproducing text-based subtitle data including style information separately recorded on the storage medium. The storage medium includes: multimedia image data; and text-based subtitle data for displaying subtitles on an image based on the multimedia image data, wherein the text-based subtitle data includes dialog information indicating subtitle contents to be displayed on the image, style information indicating an output style of the dialog information, and partial style information indicating an output style applied to a portion of the dialog information. Accordingly, subtitles can be provided in a plurality of languages without limited to the number of units of subtitle data. In addition, subtitle data can be easily produced and edited. Likewise, an output style of the subtitle data can be changed in a variety of ways.

Abstract: A recording apparatus produces moving image data and still picture data from the moving image data. The recording apparatus (a) records a moving image file including the moving image data and first information on a recording medium, and (b) records a still picture file including the still picture data and second information on the recording medium. The first information indicates the still picture file and the second information indicates the moving image file. The recording apparatus (a) displays a reduced image of the moving image file and information indicating presence of the still picture file on a display device, if the recording apparatus is in a first mode, and (b) displays a reduced image of the still picture file and information indicating presence of the moving image file on the display device, if the recording apparatus is in a second mode.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus that addresses and resolves the issues currently affecting the ability to offer Enhanced TV, in particular, those issues concerning timing and synchronization, interaction with other modules in the STB, and distribution.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for searching a start position of a broadcast program. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a received broadcast program is recorded in a recording medium while being output as video and audio. If a new broadcast program is started, position information regarding a start part of the new broadcast program is stored in a memory. Thus, a current broadcast program is reproduced from a start part by searching a start position of the current broadcast program recorded in the recording medium with reference to stored position information. A determination on whether the new broadcast program is started is done on the basis of Electronic Program Guide (EPG) information or a change in audio and video signals. Accordingly, it is possible to quickly search and reproduce a start part of a broadcast program which is currently recorded.

Abstract: AVClip recorded in BD-ROM is obtained by multiplexing a graphics stream and a video stream. The graphics stream is a PES packet sequence that includes 1) PES packets storing graphics data (ODS) and 2) PES packets storing control information (PCS). In each ODS, values of DTS and PTS indicate a timing of decoding start for corresponding graphics data, and a timing of decoding end for corresponding graphics data, respectively. In each PCS, a value of PTS indicates a display timing of corresponding decoded graphics data combined with the video stream.

Abstract: An audio-video processing method is adapted to an audio-video device and a storage device for processing an index-based audio-video file. The method for processing audio-video data includes a write procedure, a play procedure, and/or a repair procedure. In the write procedure, audio-video data is captured by the audio-video device first, and the audio-video data includes a plurality of continuous samples; a header is written according to the audio-video data; a predetermined number of samples are captured as a data chunk; a prefix index corresponding to the data chunk and the data chunk are written in sequence repeatedly according to the audio-video data; and a file index is written finally. In the play procedure, after the header is read, corresponding prefix index and data chunk are repeatedly read and played. Moreover, in the repair procedure, incompletely written file index and data chunk are repaired through all the prefix indexes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for simultaneously recording two a/v input signals using only a single digital a/v compressor, and an apparatus for reading from and writing to recording media capable of performing such method. This object is achieved by a method for recording a first a/v input signal and a second a/v input signal on a first recording unit for recording compressed digital a/v data, having the steps of: recording the first a/v input signal on the first recording unit; recording the second a/v input signal on the second recording unit; after completing the recording of the first a/v input signal on the first recording unit, reading the second a/v input signal recorded on the second recording unit; and recording the second a/v input signal read from the second recording unit on the first recording unit and/or the second recording unit.

Abstract: An audio/video information recording/reproducing device capable of easily implementing a post-recording function on an optical disk by using even a low-cost disk drive having a comparatively low-speed seek time. When recording a video file, it is recorded on an optical disk continuously for a duration equivalent to more than three times a seek time. When recording dubbing audio, it is recorded continuously only with constant data size at the same time with the reproducing of the recorded video file, thereby enabling concurrent real-time continuous reproducing and recording. Accordingly, concurrent reproductions of a video file and an audio file are ensured when reproducing dubbing audio.

Abstract: The motion picture image print apparatus extracts a plurality of frames from recorded motion picture data for printing, the apparatus enabling the range of loaded images to be determined from images reproduced on a screen, not from the results of measurement of time, thus allowing a desired print to be more easily obtained. An operator reads motion picture image data recorded on a recording medium. The operator then sets a layout of a print output and the number of image frames in the print output to display a list of motion picture image files on a list screen, thereby selecting motion picture image file to be printed. The operator then depresses a motion picture control button to reproduce the selected motion picture image file in the check area. While viewing the reproduced images, the operator sets at least either a print starting image or a print ending image by depressing a “From” button or a “To” button, respectively.

Abstract: To provide a data structure contributing to managing a moving picture and a still picture efficiently and also provide an apparatus for performing recording and/or playback using such a data structure. A data processor includes: a drive unit for writing at least one still picture file on a level that is lower in hierarchy than a still picture folder of a storage medium; and a control section for generating file specifying information that specifies the storage location of each still picture file in the level and identification information for identifying each still picture file uniquely and for compiling a table that associates the file specifying information and the identification information with each other. The drive unit writes the table as a table file on the storage medium.

Abstract: AVClip recorded in BD-ROM is obtained by multiplexing a graphics stream and a video stream. The graphics stream is a PES packet sequence that includes 1) PES packets storing graphics data (ODS) and 2) PES packets storing control information (PCS). In each ODS, values of DTS and PTS indicate a timing of decoding start for corresponding graphics data, and a timing of decoding end for corresponding graphics data, respectively. In each PCS, a value of PTS indicates a display timing of corresponding decoded graphics data combined with the video stream.

Abstract: A recording apparatus is for a DVD on which a TS-VOB, and pieces of playback path information each showing a playback path of the TS-VOB are recorded. When extended control with various contents can be executed by an apparatus at the time of playback, an extended attribute section in which extended control is valid is specified in accordance with the contents of the extended control. When an extended attribute section is to be uniformly specified for playback paths of the TS-VOB, a section marker for specifying a location of the extended attribute section of the TS-VOB is generated in VOB information. When an extended attribute section is to be individually specified for one playback path, a section marker specifying a location of the extended attribute section of the playback path is generated in PGC information. The generated VOB information and PGC information are written to the DVD.

Abstract: A method for scaling subpicture data comprises receiving a video data stream and a subpicture data stream; pre-parsing the subpicture data stream to obtain line information of subpicture data, the subpicture data containing both top field pixel data and bottom field pixel data; calculating the number of lines contained in the top field pixel data and the bottom field pixel data from the pre-parsed line information; interlacing the top field pixel data and the bottom field pixel data; and scaling the top and bottom field pixel data together in interlaced form for adjusting the number of lines contained in the top field pixel data and the bottom field pixel data.

Abstract: Systems and methods that provide personal video recording trick modes are provided. In one example, a method that provides a trick mode in a personal video recording system may include the steps of receiving a transport stream; storing data from the transport stream in a data storage; generating index table using the data from the transport stream; receiving a trick mode command; and accessing, based on the trick mode command, particular data in the data storage using the index table.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus and method includes a reproducing unit to reproduce mainstream data and sub audio data separately added in the mainstream data, wherein the reproducing unit comprises a counter used in reproducing the sub audio data. Accordingly, it is possible to more naturally reproduce still image data, such as a browsable slide show, to which sub audio data is additionally included, thus preventing an interruption in reproduction of the sub audio data even during a forward or reverse play.

Abstract: A video recording system is provided in which reliability of information supplied from a video camera to control recording and the like is improved when video being obtained by a video camera is recorded in one or more VTRs. In the video recording system, the video camera multiplexes: control information to control the VTR in accordance with an operational status of an operation unit of the video camera and a video signal from an imaging unit of the video camera, and transmits the result to the VTR as a transmission serial digital signal. The VTR separates the video signal and the control information from the serial digital signal and controls a video recording system of the VTR based on the control information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a personal video recorder (PVR) software buffer management to support the software passage are disclosed. A first plurality of receive buffer descriptors may be allocated for recording at least one received packet in at least a portion of a shared memory. The received packet may be recorded in the shared memory utilizing at least one of the allocated first plurality of receive buffer descriptors. A plurality of playback buffer descriptors may be allocated for playback of the recorded received packet from the shared memory. A first portion of the received packet may be simultaneously played back from the shared memory while recording a second portion of the received packet in the shared memory. If at least one of the recorded received packet is consumed, the playback buffer descriptors corresponding to a number of the consumed received packet may be de-allocated.

Abstract: A storage medium includes multimedia image data, and text-based subtitle data for displaying subtitles on an image based on the multimedia image data, wherein the text-based subtitle data includes dialog information indicating subtitle contents to be displayed on the image, style information indicating an output style of the dialog information, and partial style information indicating an output style applied to a portion of the dialog information. Accordingly, subtitles can be provided in a plurality of languages without being limited to a particular number of units of subtitle data. In addition, subtitle data can be easily produced and edited. Likewise, an output style of the subtitle data can be changed in a variety of ways. Also, a special style can be applied in order to emphasize a portion of the subtitles.

Abstract: A playback apparatus which plays back video or music contents, includes: a playback unit playing back the video or music contents recorded on a recording medium; an output unit outputting the video or music contents played back in the playback unit; and a control unit controlling at least an operation of the playback unit, wherein in the video or music contents, a quick reference mark is set at multiple places, in response to user manipulation, the control unit finds a start of a sequence in accordance with the quick reference mark to control the operation of the playback unit to play back the video or music contents, in response to user manipulation for the quick reference, the control unit varies a priority that expresses a degree served for the quick reference, and for the mark having a low priority, the control unit accepts no user manipulation for quick reference.

Abstract: A recordable and/or rewriteable recording medium for storing still picture data, and recording and/or reproducing method and apparatus therefor. The recording medium stores still picture group information for grouping a plurality of still pictures in order to manage the still picture at a group level, and stores audio group information for grouping additional audio data added to the still picture data after the still picture data are recorded. Therefore, large-capacity still picture data and additional audio data added thereto can be recorded using a minimum amount of management information. Further, during reproduction, data can be displayed and edited in units of the respective still pictures. Also, it is possible to cope with after-recording of the audio data.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus includes a recording medium receiver to receive a recording medium whereon information may be recorded by the apparatus and a non-volatile memory to store management information about the recording medium provided in the recording medium receiver. The management information provides information about whether or not data can be recorded on the recording medium.

Abstract: A playback apparatus includes an obtaining unit obtaining playback management information including a main playback path of a main stream set, a first sub playback path of a first sub-stream set, and a second sub playback path of a second sub-stream set. The first and second sub playback paths are allowed for a predetermined category. A selection-receiver receives a selection of streams as a first combination or a second combination. A reading unit reads the corresponding stream sets according to whether the first or second combination is selected. A playback unit plays back the main stream set and the first or second sub-stream set. The number of files that are readable at one time is predetermined. The sub playback paths are determined so that the number of the files that are readable at one time does not exceed the predetermined number.

Abstract: A system, which minimizes a time delay caused by one device being unable to access a recording medium until access by another device ends, when transcoding is performed by distributed processing, includes a main device transcoding each coded piece allocated to itself from among a plurality of coded pieces of a digital stream, and writing a transcoding result onto the recording medium, in a pipeline. While the recording device is performing the transcoding and the writing, an auxiliary device transcodes each coded piece allocated to itself one by one. Having completed the transcoding of all coded pieces allocated to itself, the auxiliary device transmits its transcoding results to the recording device and has the recording device write the transcoding results onto the recording medium which is a copy destination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing titles are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method includes determining if at least one title satisfies a criterion, using an average length information of a plurality of titles recorded on a recording medium; and reproducing the at least one title if the determining step determines that the at least one title satisfies the criterion.

Abstract: To provide an AV data recording and reproducing apparatus capable of easily carrying out real-time recording and reproducing via a 1394 interface, and method thereof. Input time information relating to one or a plurality of transport packets are stored in the different transport packet; the transport packets and the different transport packet having input time information relating to the transport packets are recorded; and at the same time the transport packet recorded in the recording medium and the different transport packet are read; the different transport packet corresponding to one of a plurality of the recorded transport packets are extracted and the input time is specified; and based on the input time information, the corresponding transport packet is output.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a broadcast receiving apparatus includes a receiving module configured to receive a broadcast signal; a storage configured to store audio files and video files; a reading module configured to determine whether the broadcast signal received is an audio signal or a video signal, and to read a video file or an audio file from the storage according to a result of determination; and a playing back module configured to play back audio and video on the basis of the broadcast signal and one of the video file and the audio file read by the reading module.

Abstract: When the recording format of an image recorded on a magnetic tape (709) is changed, a playback time period of an image signal by a REC review function is extended. Even when the recording format is changed during playback of an image signal by the REC review function, an image (409) recorded in the recording format after change can be displayed after a blue-backed screen (408) is displayed. Therefore, the user can determine whether the blue-backed screen (408) is displayed due to switching of the system or due to an unrecorded part of an image signal. Hence, the user can be prevented from overwriting a new image signal on the recorded region of an image signal by mistake.

Abstract: A moving image coding method that can prevent playback discontinuity without an increase in processing load during playback is provided. The moving image coding method codes a video stream that includes a first moving image and a second moving image to be overlaid on the first moving image. The moving image coding method includes: a step of determining a continuous playback section that is a group of partial sections and is subject to continuous playback, in the video stream (S5301 to S5303); a step of coding the first and second moving images in the partial sections constituting the continuous playback section, under a constraint that prevents a threshold from being changed in the continuous playback section, the threshold being used for a transparency process by a luminance key in the overlaying (S5304); and a step of generating management information including flag information which indicates that the threshold is fixed in the continuous playback section (S5305).

Abstract: At the transmitter side, carrier waves are modulated according to an input signal for producing relevant signal points in a signal space diagram. The input signal is divided into, two, first and second, data streams. The signal points are divided into signal point groups to which data of the first data stream are assigned. Also, data of the second data stream are assigned to the signal points of each signal point group. A difference in the transmission error rate between first and second data streams is developed by shifting the signal points to other positions in the space diagram expressed at least in the polar coordinate system. At the receiver side, the first and/or second data streams can be reconstructed from a received signal. In TV broadcast service, a TV signal is divided by a transmitter into, low and high, frequency band components which are designated as a first and a second data streams respectively.