Abstract: A motor controller for an electric motor is provided. The motor controller includes an inverter configured to supply current to stator windings of the electric motor. The motor controller further includes a plurality of sensors configured to generate a sensor signal in response to detecting a parameter. The sensor signal represents a measured parameter. The motor controller further includes a processor coupled in communication with the inverter and with the plurality of sensors. The processor is configured to, in a first mode, transmit a control signal to the inverter to operate the electric motor at a first frequency. The processor is further configured to receive the sensor signal from the plurality of sensors. The processor is further configured to determine a first fault condition is present at the electric motor based on the measured parameter represented by the sensor signal.

Abstract: A motor controller is configured to stabilize the motor current. The motor controller is used for driving a motor. The motor controller comprises a switch circuit, a control unit, and a phase detecting unit. The phase detecting unit generates a phase signal to the control unit for switching phases. The phase signal sequentially generates a first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth time interval. The first to sixth time intervals correspond to first to sixth phases, respectively. The motor controller further comprises a first driving time for driving the motor in the fifth phase, where the first driving time is related to the first time interval. The motor controller further comprises a second driving time for driving the motor in the sixth phase, where the second driving time is related to the second time interval.

Abstract: An online method of detecting and compensating for errors in flux estimation in operation of a motor system. The method includes determining a voltage compensation term by comparing an expected voltage and an actual voltage. The method also includes determining a flux compensation term by passing the voltage compensation term through a low-pass filter, and determining a corrected flux component value by comparing the flux compensation term with a flux value obtained from a look-up table, wherein the low-pass filter receives operating parameters based on data regarding an operating environment of the motor system. The method then further determines a corrected torque value based on the corrected flux component value.

Abstract: Controllers for controlling hybrid motor drive circuits configured to drive a motor are provided herein. A controller is configured to drive the motor using an inverter when a motor commanded frequency is not within a predetermined range of line input power frequencies, and couple line input power to an output of the inverter using a first switch device when the motor commanded frequency is within the predetermined range of line input power frequencies.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for lowering a load on a direct current hoist motor during an electrical power interruption, the method including but not limited to determining in a crane processor that the electrical power interruption has occurred; and providing a brake assist current to shunt field on the direct current hoist motor to produce a counter torque in the hoist motor.

Abstract: Precharging and dynamic braking circuits are presented for multilevel inverter power stages of a power converter with a shared resistor connected to charge a DC bus capacitor with current from the rectifier circuit in a first operating mode and connected in parallel with the capacitor to dissipate power in a dynamic braking mode.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer program products for reducing or removing current spikes generated during a current recirculation period associated with phase switching in a spindle motor are described. In some implementations, the duty cycle of the drive signals applied to the windings of the spindle motor can be adjusted to reduce or eliminate the current surge resulting from current recirculation. In some implementations, the duty cycle of the drive signals during spin-up can be reduced based on a current limit, and the reduced duty cycle can then be used to drive the spindle motor taking into account of current surges in the supply current.

Abstract: A controller of a brushless DC electric machine having a rotor and at least a stator winding powered by a driving voltage is provided. The controller includes a position sensor, an advance angle control circuit, and a driving circuit. The position sensor is moved along a reverse rotating direction of the rotor by a prepositioned angle for outputting a position signal. The advance angle control circuit receives the position signal and a driving voltage reproduction signal reproduced from the driving voltage and outputs a commutation control signal lagging the position signal by a first delay time. The driving circuit receives the commutation control signal for outputting a driving signal for controlling a commutation of the brushless DC electric machine.

Abstract: A control system for an electric machine, the control system including a position sensor and a drive controller. The drive controller generates one or more control signals for use in exciting a winding of the electric machine. Control signals for each electrical half-cycle of one mechanical cycle are generated by the drive controller in response to a single edge of a signal output by the position-sensor.

Abstract: A power converter circuit for providing maximum utilization of a DC bus voltage to a two-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is disclosed. The circuit includes first, second, and third nodes, each node being the junction between series connected high and low side switches connected across a DC bus; a PMSM having first and second windings and a star point at which the first and second windings are coupled to each other, the first winding having a terminal connected to the first node, the second winding having a terminal connected to the second node, and the star point being connected to the third node; and a controller for performing a three-point Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) coupled to a gate of each switch.

Abstract: The invention teaches a speed control system for a brushless DC motor for a ceiling fan, comprising a power circuit 1, a microprocessor circuit 2, a power drive circuit 3, a speed regulation circuit, and a brushless DC permanent magnetic motor 5, wherein the input terminal of the power circuit 1 is connected to the output terminal 101 of an AC power source, the output terminal of the power circuit 1 serves to power the various circuits, the output terminal of the microprocessor circuit 2 is connected to the input terminal of the power drive circuit 3, the output terminal of the power drive circuit 3 is connected to the coil windings 501 of the brushless DC permanent magnetic motor, and the output terminal of the speed regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor circuit 2. The speed control system of the invention provides the advantages of low energy consumption, low noise during the operation of the motor, and a stable operation at low speeds.

Abstract: A system and method of command signal conditioning in high response systems is disclosed. The system includes a central digital controller having a digital controller frame rate, a motor, a motor controller in communication with the digital controller and the motor, the motor controller having a motor controller frame rate higher than the digital controller frame rate, and a signal conditioner adapted to condition the command signal to produce a modified command signal at the motor controller frame rate. The signal conditioner is preferably implemented in software. In one embodiment, the signal conditioner is adapted to calculate a moving average at the frame rate of the motor controller. In another embodiment, the signal conditioner comprises a first order hold and a filter in communication therewith. A method of command signal conditioning in accordance with the foregoing is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of, and system for, linear speed control for an electric motor, in which a digital to analog converter means is used for converting an 8-bit digital signal to an analog voltage for setting voltage across a motor, a digital state machine means is used for converting the duty cycle of an input signal for output to the digital to analog converter means, and a closed loop feedback loop means is used for monitoring and setting the voltage across the motor. An over-current sense circuit can be used for monitoring the current across the electric motor. An over/under voltage sense circuit can be used for monitoring voltage of the electric motor. The resulting 8-bit digital control signal is converted to an analog voltage for the electric motor. Such methods and systems find particular use in automotive applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a starting device and method for eliminating a peak current introduced when an inductive circuit such as a motor or a direct-current (DC) motor is actuated, The starting device includes a signal generator electrically connected to the inductive circuit and generating a first signal corresponding to a signal output by the inductive circuit, a comparative circuit electrically connected to the signal generator for converting the first signal to a second signal to be compared with a reference signal to generate a control signal, and a controlling device electrically connected with the inductive circuit and the comparative circuit for receiving the control signal and gradually increasing a current input into the inductive circuit corresponding to the control signal, thereby eliminating the peak current introduced when the inductive circuit is actuated.

Abstract: A spindle/voice coil motor (VCM) driver includes a clock management module that receives a system clock signal and a second clock signal, and that selects one of the system clock signal or the second clock signal as a selected clock signal. A reference generating module generates a reference signal. A ramp generating module receives the selected clock signal and generates a ramp signal. A pulse width modulation (PWM) module receives the reference signal and the ramp signal and outputs a first PWM driver signal based thereon.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a brushless dc motor driver circuit capable of reducing vibration or shock noise and a method thereof. The brushless dc motor driver circuit of the present invention comprises a Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter. The Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter further comprises: at least one magnetic field detecting circuit, at least one counter, and a signal processor. The Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter is connected to a driver circuit of a brushless dc motor and detects the periodically varying magnetic field of the brushless dc motor. Based on the rising time and the falling time of the preceding magnetic field variation, the Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter calculates the elapsed time from the current phase-change point and generates a linearly rising signal and a linearly falling signal. Then, those two sets of analog signals are used to drive the brushless dc motor. Thereby, the vibration or shock noise of the brushless dc motor is reduced.

Abstract: General purpose 100% solid state Direct Current drive for rotary DC machines with four quadrants operation. It is to say that allows the rotary DC machine to act like motor or generator in the two direction of possible rotation. In the first and third quadrant as motor in both direction of possible rotation, and in the second and fourth quadrant like regenerative brake DC generator, recovering the energy towards the DC network supply. To obtain that generalized control for DC machines of any type, the invention subject of this patent, is based on the interaction of two original ideas that they are: (1) Maintaining the direction, of the current in one and only one of the two main windings of the DC machine (7) either field or armature, by means of a rectifier bridge (6). (2) Use a DC controlled power supply (14), with reversible polarity to feed the complete machine.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a brushless dc motor driver circuit capable of reducing vibration or shock noise and a method thereof. The brushless dc motor driver circuit of the present invention comprises a Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter. The Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter further comprises: at least one magnetic field detecting circuit, at least one counter, and a signal processor. The Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter is connected to a driver circuit of a brushless dc motor and detects the periodically varying magnetic field of the brushless dc motor. Based on the rising time and the falling time of the preceding magnetic field variation, the Time-Voltage Digital/Analog Converter calculates the elapsed time from the current phase-change point and generates a linearly rising signal and a linearly falling signal. Then, those two sets of analog signals are used to drive the brushless dc motor. Thereby, the vibration or shock noise of the brushless dc motor is reduced.

Abstract: An integrated motor device with driver circuitry and method of setting and reading configuration parameters of the driver circuitry uses configuration data embedded in driver control signals to set at least one configuration parameter of the driver circuitry.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for a vehicle having an electric motor for driving the wheels of the vehicle, an electric power source for energizing the electric motor, a motor torque target value calculation unit for controlling the electric power source, and a field current target value calculation unit, the motor field current is momentarily decreased when the difference between the actual motor armature current and the motor armature current target value exceeds a predetermined value or when the wheels are deemed to slip, and the motor field current is increased as the actual armature current of the motor substantially follows the motor armature current target value.

Abstract: General purpose 100% solid state Direct Current drive for rotary DC machines with four quadrants operation. It is to say that allows the rotary DC machine to act like motor or generator in the two direction of possible rotation. In the first and third quadrant as motor in both direction of possible rotation, and in the second and fourth quadrant like regenerative brake DC generator, recovering the energy towards the DC network supply. To obtain that generalized control for DC machines of any type, the invention subject of this patent, is based on the interaction of two original ideas that they are: (1) Maintaining the direction of the current in one and only one of the two main windings of the DC machine (7) either field or armature, by means of a rectifier bridge (6). (2) Use a DC controlled power supply (14), with reversible polarity to feed the complete machine.

Abstract: An electric motor drives a belt spool of a seatbelt retractor in a vehicle using a micro-controller and a drive circuit that drives the electric motor. A plurality of PWM control signal sources are provided each of which has a trigger input and a control signal output. Each control signal source, upon application of a trigger pulse to its trigger input, provides on its control signal output a control pulse of a duration different from durations of control pulses of all other control signal sources. A set of motor control programs are permanently stored in the micro-controller. A program selection signal is sent to the micro-controller from a central sensor unit in the vehicle. Trigger pulses are sent by the micro-controller to the trigger inputs of the control signal sources. Particular ones of the control signal sources are selected for application of their signal outputs to the drive circuit in a control sequence defined by a selected control program.

Abstract: A field-adjustable motor control system includes a motor, an inverter coupled to provide energization to the motor, a controller coupled to the inverter, and a field adjustment circuit that provides field adjustment signals to the controller. The controller provides signals to control the output of the inverter in response to received input control signals and field adjustment signals. The input control signals define the controller's operating state that corresponds to a desired system operating state. The field adjustment signals and input control signals define a desired output parameter of the inverter for an operating state. In certain embodiments, fail-safe circuitry is also provided that includes a relay receiving controller signals. The relay's input is coupled to a line power and to the inverter output. The relay's output is coupled to the motor. If the controller fails, the relay couples the line power to the motor.

Abstract: A first determining section determines whether a recording medium is conveyed in a first direction. A setting section sets a first current value as a current initially outputted to a DC motor each time the first determining section determines that the recording medium is conveyed in the first direction. A first current outputting section outputs a current at the first current value, and subsequently outputs by steps a current gradually higher than the first current value motor until the first determining section again determines that the recording medium is conveyed in the first direction. A second determining section determines whether the recording medium is conveyed in a second direction opposite the first direction after the first current outputting section outputs a current at the first current value.

Abstract: A device for correcting a digital estimate of an electric signal is described. The device includes a comparator that generates a current proportional to the difference between an analog estimate signal, which derives from the digital estimate, and the electric signal. The device also includes a capacitor positioned to be charged by the current, a transistor that discharges the capacitor, and a comparator that compares the voltage at the terminal of the capacitor with a reference voltage. The device also includes a controller that drives the transistor in response to the output signal of the comparator and a logic device that generates a correction digital signal to be added to or subtracted from the digital estimate of the electric signal in correspondence of an ascending or descending waveform of the electric signal.

Abstract: The object is to raise controller gain while absorbing magnet position dispersion in a motor, and implement rotation control that is resistant to the influence of disturbance. There are provided a spindle motor 3 that performs rotational drive of a predetermined drive object, and a controller 121 that controls rotational drive of this spindle motor 3 by comparing a pulse time in rotational drive of this spindle motor 3 with a predetermined target time and performing feedback; and also provided is a peak filter 122 that compensates control by the controller 121 by varying the target time dynamically so as to suppress the rotation frequency and higher harmonic components thereof contained in the drive current waveform of the spindle motor 3.

Abstract: A commutation and velocity control system of a brushless DC motor receives a velocity command signal and provides command signals to drive the brushless DC motor. The system includes a summer that receives the velocity command signal and a velocity feedback signal and provides a velocity error signal indicative of the difference. A velocity loop compensator receives said velocity error signal and provides a compensated velocity error signal. A magnitude sensing circuit senses the magnitude of said compensated velocity error signal and provides a velocity magnitude signal indicative thereof. A polarity sensing circuit senses the polarity of the said compensated velocity error signal and provides a velocity polarity signal indicative thereof.

Abstract: A motor controller comprising a machine system (12) having a load machine (1), a transmission mechanism (2) for transmitting power, and a motor for driving the load machine through the transmission mechanism; a simulator unit (11) having a numeric model (9) including the machine system, a simulation control section (19) for giving a torque command to the numeric model by using an observable quantity of state of the numeric model, and an evaluating section (10) for sending a control parameter to the simulation control section and an actual control unit; and the actual control unit (18) having an actual control section which receives an observable quantity of state of an actual system and has the same structure as that of the simulator unit and adapted to supply a torque signal to the motor serving as a drive source. Therefore the control gain of a motor controller can be automatically adjusted quickly and optimally.

Abstract: A method of starting a brushless DC motor 12 at any initial speed (A) establishes a initial stator-field speed and setting a counter of synchronization, (B) measures a speed of a rotor of the motor, (C) compares the speed of the rotor with the stator-field speed to determine if the rotor is synchronized with the stator-field. If the rotor is not synchronized with the stator-field, the method includes (a) re-setting the counter of synchronization, (b) increasing an acceleration portion of motor current (Iacc) to enhance torque, (c) setting the stator-field speed higher than the rotor speed, (d) calculating a period of an open-loop timer, (e) calculating a value for a load portion of the motor current (Ild), where total motor current I=Iacc+Ild, (f) performing commutation based on the open-loop timer and returning to step (B) until the rotor is synchronized with the stator-field.

Abstract: A motor controller system (15a) for dc power source motors (10) which includes a sensor device (16) that operates to measure and generate a voltage signal from the motor current and the rate of change of said current, and a programmable input/output processor (12) which receives voltage signals as input from the motor current, dc power source (11) and/or motor (10) and compares on or more of these voltage signals to one or more control parameters. Based upon these comparisons, the processor (12) generates a pulse width modulation control signal, which triggers a switching mechanism (14) and related interrupt service routing to make adjustments to the operational parameters of the motor by periodic interruption of the motor current.

Abstract: A field-adjustable motor control system including a motor, an inverter coupled to provide energization to the motor, a controller coupled to the inverter that provides signals to control the output of the inverter in response to received input control signals and in response to field adjustment signals from a first field adjustment circuit. In certain embodiments, fail-safe circuitry is also provided.

Abstract: A motor control system creates a rounding effect on square wave phase currents which results in reduced acoustic noise. The control system includes a voltage source for providing a DC bus current, and an inverter. The inverter has a switching circuit for regulating the DC bus current to a fixed level. The switching circuit also forces consecutive phases of the motor to share the bus current at commutation. Forcing consecutive phases of the motor to share a desired amount of the DC bus current creates a “rounding” effect on the phase currents, which results in reduced acoustic noise. The preferred inverter has a plurality of transistors, and a control module. The control module selectively engages the transistors such that each phase of the motor has a phase turn-on point that occurs before a phase turn-off point of a preceding phase. The control module also pulse width modulates the transistors such that the DC bus current is regulated to the fixed level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regulating an electrical machine (1) with an excitation winding (2) and a stator winding (3). The stator winding (3) is connected at its output terminals (10) to a converter bridge (5). The electrical machine (1) can be operated in the regulation ranges of field-oriented regulation (11), field-weakening operation (12), and diode operation (13). The transition from one of the regulation ranges (11, 12, 13) to a respective adjacent regulation range (11, 12, 13) is achieved through an overmodulation of the pulse-to-width modulation (26) and a limitation of the outputs from current regulators (34, 35) of the stator winding (3) of the electrical machine (1).

Abstract: An electrical machine drive system is simulated with a circuit simulator to model normal operation, fault modes and control strategies for electric motor based vehicles. The electrical machine drive system includes a DC power source model (102), an inverter model (104) and an electrical machine model (106). The system is modified through substitution of components or removal of components to simulate faults. Post-fault control strategies are implemented in a similar manner and simulated. The model and methods associated therewith reduce modeling complexity and reduce simulation time, permitting thorough design and analysis of electric motor based vehicles.

Abstract: A system and method determine the parameters of a field of a DC motor. The method comprises obtaining parameters of the DC motor; and performing an iterative processing loop, the iterative processing loop being performed n times. The iterative processing loop includes regulating field current based on the parameters of the DC motor, and calculating a field resistance from a field voltage and the field current measured during the regulating of the field current; operating in a closed loop mode to determine a first field firing angle and a second field firing angle; operating in an open loop mode to determine a first time constant and a second time constant based on applying the first field firing angle and the second field firing angle; and determining at least one parameter of the field of the DC motor based on the first time constant, the second time constant, and the calculated field resistance.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for controlling performance of electric motors in a system having two or more electric motors, the motors adapted for being coupled to two or more wheels of an electric vehicle, each of the electric motors having armature and field coils which are independently excited by a source of voltage to generate armature and field currents, the armatures being connected in series to the voltage source include detecting a condition in the system indicating that one of the wheels is slipping, reducing power delivered to one of the motors that is associated with the slipping wheel in response to the detection of the condition, providing power to the one or more motors that are not associated with the slipping wheel after the power delivered to the motor associated with the slipping wheel is reduced, and restoring the power delivered to the one of the motors associated with the slipping wheel in response to a recovery event.

Abstract: In separately excited DC brush motors ML and MR, an armature current control circuit for feeding power to armatures 61 and a field current control circuit for feeding power to a field system 62 form separate systems and are independently controllable except that both the control circuits share a battery B2 between them. When the overrotation of the motors ML and MR is detected from the backflow of an armature current and a rise in the voltage of the battery B2 or when the reverse rotation of the motors ML and MR is detected from an increase in the armature current and a decrease in PWM for the armature current, the generation of counter electromotive force is restrained by reducing the field current of the motors ML and MR so as to prevent the armature current control circuit from being damaged.

Abstract: A foreign material interference detection apparatus for an opening/closing member that reduces the calculation load for foreign material interference determination processing. A rotating speed detection sensor detects the rotating speed of a motor and provides its detection signal SP to a computer. The computer obtains a load determination rotating cycle t1 from the detection signal SP. Based on the load determination rotating cycle t1, the computer determines foreign material interference when it determines that the rotating speed is fluctuating due to a load that is the same as that produced when a foreign material is interfering with the opening/closing member and when the determination is made consecutively a predetermined number of times.

Abstract: A controlling device for a DC motor speed variation including a power supply circuit, a pair of relays and an interlock circuit for alleviating shock arising from the initiation and termination of a DC motor operation. The controlling device protects the DC motor from catastrophic failure through a sudden variation of the armature current. The controlling device interlocks the direction of the motor rotation while simultaneously providing over current protection for the DC motor.

Abstract: A control system for an electric vehicle, such as a golf car, that includes a plurality of power MOSFETs. The vehicle includes a shunt wound motor including an armature coil and a field coil. One of the MOSFETs is connected in parallel across the armature coil and another MOSFET is connected in series with the armature coil. The MOSFET across the armature coil includes a freewheel diode. When the motor is operating below its base speed, i.e., when the back EMF is below the power supply voltage, a current flow can be induced by momentarily turning on the series MOSFET, shorting the armature coil. Because of the residual inductance in the motor, a current flow in the counter clockwise direction is initiated at which point the series MOSFET is turned off. Consequently, a large voltage spike across the motor occurs which results in current flow back into the battery pack. By quickly turning the series MOSFET on and off the current flow can be maintained, and the regenerative braking can occur even at slow speeds.

Abstract: In a circuit arrangement for starting a DC motor comprising at least one field winding, particularly for switching on a DC motor for driving a hydraulic fluid pump for operating hydraulic actuators of a vehicle loading platform system, means are provided for switching on at least one field winding and means activatable by the switching on of the at least one field winding for fully activating and starting the DC motor.

Abstract: A brushless DC motor modifies motor commutation events to reduce noise by providing overlapping activation of the switch being deactivated with the switch being newly activated so that three switches are temporarily activated. The newly activated switch is pulse width modulated with a motor torque controlling duty cycle, and the switch being deactivated is pulse width modulated synchronously with the newly activated switch but with a duty cycle decreasing from the torque controlling duty cycle. The decreasing modulation of the switch being deactivated allows a slower current decrease in the phase turning off to reduce or eliminate the disturbances, and thus the noise. The decreasing modulation is preferably exponential in manner, with a time constant varying inversely with motor speed so that the duty cycle reaches a predetermined minimum in a predetermined maximum number of motor electrical degrees.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric drive device with a DC motor (2) comprising a control circuit with an electronic commutator (3). The invention is characterized in that a derivation of a control signal (V_i_ref) is obtained from an induced motor voltage (E_sample) detected by a measuring device and from a reference value (V_i_av) which serves to regulate the speed of the DC motor (2), and in that the derived control signal (V_i_ref) serves to achieve a substantially constant torque of the DC motor (2) through adjustment of the motor currents (ia, ib, ic).

Abstract: A motor control system creates a rounding effect on square wave phase currents which results in reduced acoustic noise. The control system includes a voltage source for providing a DC bus current, and an inverter. The inverter has a switching circuit for regulating the DC bus current to a fixed level. The switching circuit also forces consecutive phases of the motor to share the bus current at commutation. Forcing consecutive phases of the motor to share a desired amount of the DC bus current creates a “rounding” effect on the phase currents, which results in reduced acoustic noise. The preferred inverter has a plurality of transistors, and a control module. The control module selectively engages the transistors such that each phase of the motor has a phase turn-on point that occurs before a phase turn-off point of a preceding phase. The control module also pulse width modulates the transistors such that the DC bus current is regulated to the fixed level.

Abstract: A control circuit for a direct-current motor driven in a clocked manner, includes an electrolytic capacitor connected in parallel and free-wheeling diode. Spurious radiation is reduced, in that a choke is connected between the positive motor supply voltage and the plus terminal of the electrolytic capacitor, and that the free-wheeling diode is disposed with its cathode between the choke and the electrolytic capacitor, and with its anode on the negative side of the d.c. motor.

Abstract: A two-terminal motor can be connected to a two-line voltage supply network utilizing a controller in which a control element is in series with the current-measuring component and both are connected to a microcontroller.

Abstract: An integrated transmission is effectively achieved within a series-excited motor by varying the number of winding turns in the field coil in relation to the speed-torque demand on the motor. At low motor speed, all of the field winding is engaged to produce the maximum available electromagnetic field, thereby increasing the motor's available torque and efficiency. When there is a high torque demand at high speed, only a portion of the field winding is engaged so that a reduced electromagnetic field is produced, thereby allowing a higher current in the motor, thereby allowing a higher torque to be produced. Thus the series motor with integrated transmission will have the same speed-torque characteristics as a system with a series motor and a conventional transmission. The integrated transmission can be implemented with relatively inexpensive relays and, if desired, by adding additional winding turns in the series field.

Abstract: A position control and monitoring circuitry is provided for an electric motor having a plurality of coils and a movable element. A drive circuit generates a square wave drive signal of variable mark/space ratio to drive the coils to position the movable element. A monitoring circuit modulates square wave transitions at a sub-harmnonic of the drive signal frequency and generates a monitoring signal for injection into the coils. A sensor senses the monitoring signal from the coils to determine the position of the movable element. A difference circuit drives the drive circuit with a difference between an input signal and an output signal of the sensor.

Abstract: A motor control system is provided comprising an electrically charged battery, an electrical motor, a battery voltage sensor, a motor speed sensor, an armature voltage sensor, an armature current sensor, and a microprocessor. The magnitude of the armature current applied to the motor is a function of a predetermined armature current setpoint signal and the magnitude of the field current applied to the motor is a function of a predetermined field current setpoint signal, a field current correction signal, and a field current de-boost signal. The microprocessor programmed to generate an armature current setpoint signal, a field current setpoint signal, and an armature voltage reference signal.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a motor control system is provided comprising an electrical motor, a motor speed sensor, a speed command generator, an armature voltage sensor, and a microprocessor. The electrical motor includes an armature assembly and a field assembly. The armature assembly is responsive to an armature current, the magnitude of which is a function of a predetermined armature current setpoint. The field assembly is responsive to a field current, the magnitude of which is a function of a predetermined field current setpoint and a field current correction signal. The motor speed sensor is arranged to generate an actual motor speed signal representative of an actual speed of the electrical motor. The speed command generator is arranged to generate a speed command signal indicative of a desired speed of the electrical motor. The armature voltage sensor is arranged to generate a measured armature voltage signal from an electrical potential of the armature assembly.