Abstract: A solar powered spraying assembly for spraying a rodent repellent over an area includes a spraying unit that may contain a fluid. Thus, the spraying unit may spray the fluid over a selected area. A support is provided and the support may engage a support surface. The spraying unit is removably coupled to the support. Thus, the support may support the spraying unit above the support surface.

Abstract: A radiator for domestic heating with a heat-transfer fluid operating in two-phase form includes a reservoir of the heat-transfer fluid; a hot source, intended to raise the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid to a temperature such that it causes said fluid to undergo a change of phase; and a heater, at which the heat transfer with ambient air takes place, having n channels, communicating in a lower zone with the reservoir, it being possible for n to be equal to 1. The heat-transfer fluid is a mixture of at least two different heat-transfer liquids, the heat-transfer liquids having between them boiling points differing by at least ten degrees Celsius, and the liquid with the lowest boiling point representing 70% to 95% of the volume of the mixture for a mixture temperature of about 20° C.

Abstract: A heating system for hot water and conditioned air uses electromagnetic energy created by one or more magnetrons operated by high voltage transformers. The heating system includes oil cooled transformers and magnetrons. Using radiators in the form of heat exchangers, heat recovered from the transformers and magnetrons is dissipated directly into the path of the return air and the air handler blower. The magnetron heating system includes a coiled conduit sized to allow complete heating of the fluid flowing therethrough. The conduit has a conical shape to allow upper magnetrons to heat the outside of the conduit and lower magnetrons to heat the inside of the conduit.

Abstract: A distillation assembly that reduces malodors resulting from a process of recycling a solvent from a contaminated solvent solution that includes a distillation chamber defined by a top wall, a side wall and a bottom wall, a heating element disposed in the distillation chamber including an active portion and an inactive portion. The contaminated solvent solution disposed at a level within the distillation chamber such that the active portion always disposed below the level.

Abstract: A system for delivering vapor phase fluid at an elevated pressure from a transport vessel containing liquefied or two-phase fluid is provided. The system includes: (a) a transport vessel positioned in a substantially horizontal position; (b) one or more energy delivery elements disposed on the lower portion of the transport vessel wherein the energy delivery devices include a heating means and a first insulation means, wherein the energy delivery devices are configured to the contour of the transport vessel; (c) one or more substantially rigid support devices disposed on the outer periphery of the energy delivery devices, wherein the support devices hold the energy delivery devices in thermal contact with a lower portion of the transport vessel; and (d) one or more attaching devices secure the rigid support devices onto the transport vessel and hold the energy delivery devices between the substantially rigid support device and a wall of the transport vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method improves heating of a solid precursor inside a sublimation vessel. In one embodiment, inert, thermally conductive elements are interspersed among units of solid precursor. For example the thermally conductive elements can comprise a powder, beads, rods, fibers, etc. In one arrangement, microwave energy can directly heat the thermally conductive elements.

Abstract: A multi-stage, superheated steam generator for crude oil recovery comprises a plurality of radially spaced-apart first stage electric heating tanks that peripherally surround an inner, second stage electric steam tank. The steam tanks are secured within casing by a slack accommodating mounting comprising a downwardly projecting stub received within a rigid, tubular expansion sockets secured beneath each steam tank. A plurality of serpentine, electric resistive heating elements abut each steam tank. The elements have loop portions proximate the bottoms of each steam tank and vertical portions abutting each tank periphery. First stage tanks output steam to a manifold system that outputs to the second stage heater.

Abstract: An apparatus and method improves heating of a solid precursor inside a sublimation vessel. In one embodiment, inert, thermally conductive elements are interspersed among units of solid precursor. For example the thermally conductive elements can comprise a powder, beads, rods, fibers, etc. In one arrangement, microwave energy can directly heat the thermally conductive elements.

Abstract: An evaporator includes a liquid barrier wall made of a ceramic material, a vapor barrier wall made of a ceramic material, and a wick made of a ceramic material and being positioned between the liquid barrier wall and the vapor barrier wall.

Abstract: A system for delivering vapor phase fluid at an elevated pressure from a transport vessel containing liquefied or two-phase fluid is provided. The system includes: (a) a transport vessel positioned in a substantially horizontal position; (b) one or more energy delivery elements disposed on the lower portion of the transport vessel wherein the energy delivery devices include a heating means and a first insulation means, wherein the energy delivery devices are configured to the contour of the transport vessel; (c) one or more substantially rigid support devices disposed on the outer periphery of the energy delivery devices, wherein the support devices hold the energy delivery devices in thermal contact with a lower portion of the transport vessel; and (d) one or more attaching devices secure the rigid support devices onto the transport vessel and hold the energy delivery devices between the substantially rigid support device and a wall of the transport vessel.

Abstract: The device for regulation of a generator of hot fluid in liquid or gaseous phase comprises a vat provided with at least one heating body, a pump for supplying the vat with cold liquid, and at least one appliance supplied by the hot fluid leaving the vat. This regulation device comprises a detector (15, 20, 24) of the liquid level present in the vat, comprising a float (15, 16) connected by a flexible tube (20) to a ferrule (24) passing in sealed fashion through the cover of the vat. An angle switch (M) is disposed immediately adjacent the float (15, 16), its electrical conductor leaving the vat through said flexible tube (20).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and process for the vaporization of liquid precursors and deposition of a film on a suitable substrate. Particularly contemplated is an apparatus and process for the deposition of a metal-oxide film, such as a barium, strontium, titanium oxide (BST) film, on a silicon wafer to make integrated circuit capacitors useful in high capacity dynamic memory modules.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and process for the vaporization of liquid precursors and deposition of a film on a suitable substrate. Particularly contemplated is an apparatus and process for the deposition of a metal-oxide film, such as a barium, strontium, titanium oxide (BST) film, on a silicon wafer to make integrated circuit capacitors useful in high capacity dynamic memory modules.

Abstract: A heating system for baseboard location has a chamber partly filled with liquid and sealed for holding a vacuum. A heater in the chamber heats the liquid into vapor to heat the chamber. First and second heat exchange plates extend annularly and substantially horizontally about the chamber with inner peripheries in heat-conducting contact with the chamber. The first heat exchange plate has at least one airflow hole therethrough on one side of the chamber and the second heat exchange plate has at least one air-flow hole therethrough on another side of the chamber. A space between the first and the second heat exchange plates is enclosed at the outer peripheries of the plates.

Abstract: This invention is for boosting the performance of any existing rockpile-type sauna generator by dividing the rockpile to two parts, the lower part for steam generation and the upper part for steam drying and superheating. The parts are separated from each other by an enclosed space, clear of rocks, which allows water to spread out onto a large area of the rocks at the lower part the rockpile and steam to expand into a large space below the top part of the rockpile and thus to touch a large volume of hot rocks when it rises through the rockpile. Water is transported down to the space above the bottom part of the rockpile without touching the hot rocks at the top of the rockpile, by using bypassers which allow water to run down past the upper part of the rockpile and to spread out over a large area of rocks at lower part of the rockpile.

Abstract: A distiller for producing potable water employs a metal boiler tray having a cover member in which there is an inlet for raw water and which together form a steam chamber having an outlet for steam. The boiler tray bottom has a plurality of steps including a highest, an intermediate and a lowest level step which are all covered with water at the beginning of a distillation cycle. The temperature of the highest level step is monitored with a sensor. A rise in the temperature of the highest level step by a predetermined amount above the boiling temperature of water indicates that the highest and intermediate level steps have become dry. This results in a signal to a controller to open a valve and admit replenishment raw water whose amount is dependent on valve open time. Steam evolved from the boiler tray is conducted through a first check valve in the cover member to demister chamber when the mist or carryover water in the steam impinges on a baffle and is separated from the steam as condensate.

Abstract: A pebble-bed evaporator and superheater assembly includes a tubular pressure shell with internal baffles, the latter including a plurality of apertures therein for passage of gas therethrough. Contained within the shell are heater elements and pebble elements which store heat and transfer the same to liquified gas which is vaporized and flows through the shell whereby the gas supplied to the shell and is heated to a predetermined elevated temperature above its input temperature. The heated gas output of the shell flows to a mixer unit connected to the shell and the mixed gas flows out of the mixer. Connected to the mixer is a supply of liquified gas to cool the high temperature gas entering the mixer from the shell such that the temperature of the gas exiting the mixer is below the temperature of the heated gas exiting the shell. In this way the temperature of the gas exiting the mixer is controlled to the desired level.

Abstract: An electric heater with thermal self-circulation of the room-air which is heated by means of electric resistors (7) placed in the core (6) of the heater. The heater is made of three or four casing elements (1) at the corners of which vertical gables (2) form frames for air slots (3) through which some of the room-air flows into the heater where a vertical separation wall (4) partly conducts air through air slots (5) between metal sheets (9A) and (9B) to the core (6) of the heater and partly to the channel (8) between casing element (1) and metal sheets (9A) and (9B) which is open at its upper and lower end to vertical air-flow on the outside around the core (6) when electric resistors (7) are activated for cooling the outer wall surfaces of the heater.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electric sauna heater comprising one or more heating resistors (1, 2) and means (3, 4) such as a time switch (3) for controlling the supply of electric power to the heating resistors, the time switch (3) comprising at least three inputs (A, B, C) the first (A) of which is connected to a first time switch contact 3A), the second (B) to a second time switch contact (3B) and the third (C) to a first terminal in a driving motor (M) for the time switch while a second terminal is connected to a counter contact (b) in the second contact (3B). In the invention, in order that the time switch could therefore be connected to two different operating voltages, a resistor (R) is connected between the third input (C) of the time switch (3) and a counter contact (a) in the first contact (3A).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling the supply of electric power to an electric sauna heater, the sauna heater being divided into two portions to be heated separately: a stone space (1) and an air duct (2) each being provided with one or more heating elements (1A1-1A3, 1B1-1B3, 2A1-2A3, 2B1-2B3) to heat the heat-storing material placed in the stone space (1) and the air contained in the sauna room, respectively. In the invention, to achieve good operating properties in this kind of sauna heater both with respect to the heating of the stone space and the air space of the sauna room without increasing the rated wattage of the sauna heater to an unreasonably high value, one or some of the heating elements are disconnected or connected to operate at partial power, whereby the power demand of the sauna heater is always smaller than the total power of the heating elements (1A1-1A3, 1B1-1B3, 2A1-2A 3, 2B1-2B3).