Abstract: A heater comprising a housing including an intake aperture and an output aperture. The heater includes a heat exchanger operatively disposed within the housing between the intake aperture and the output aperture. The heat exchanger includes a shell forming a cavity therein, wherein an interior surface of the shell is substantially black in the infrared domain. The heater includes an infrared emission module disposed within the cavity of the heat exchanger and substantially enclosed thereby such that emitted infrared light does not escape therefrom. The infrared emission module includes a first infrared emitter and a second infrared emitter. The heater includes a fan positioned to motivate air into the housing through the intake aperture, across the heat exchanger, and out of the output aperture. The heater also includes a power module functionally coupled to the infrared emission module and the fan and configured to provide operational power thereto.

Abstract: The decoy system, notably for terrestrial mines or improvised explosive devices, includes: a means of producing heat energy including an air or water boiler, a means of emitting radiation in the infrared spectrum including a chamber that is fed with fluid by the production means, the chamber being provided with internal fins able to promote a build-up of heat energy inside said chamber, at least one detection means for determining the temperature of the chamber or the temperature of the fluid between the production means and the emission means, and a control unit able to control the operation of the heat energy production means at least according to the determined temperature.

Abstract: The decoy system, notably for terrestrial mines or improvised explosive devices, includes: a means of producing heat energy including an air or water boiler, a means of emitting radiation in the infrared spectrum including a chamber that is fed with fluid by the production means, the chamber being provided with internal fins able to promote a build-up of heat energy inside said chamber, at least one detection means for determining the temperature of the chamber or the temperature of the fluid between the production means and the emission means, and a control unit able to control the operation of the heat energy production means at least according to the determined temperature.

Abstract: A frame for receiving a heating element for an electric heater of a ventilating, heating and/or air conditioning unit of a vehicle, in particular. The frame is shaped in the form of a hollowed-out box whose large faces, intended to be traversed by airflow conveyed by the unit, are held at a distance from each other in order to create between them a space for receiving the heating element. The frame is made of a single part in which means for holding the heating element inside the space are located in the area of the large faces.

Abstract: Carbon nanotube material dispersed in a dense material such as ceramic can produce heating when exposed to microwave radiation (e.g., electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of approximately 0.3 GHz to 300 GHz). By changing the loading of carbon nanotube material within a ceramic medium, one can affect the heating capability of the medium in dramatic and unpredicted fashion. This finding can be used to implement heating devices that heat via conduction or through radiation (e.g., infrared heating).

Abstract: It is an object to provide a heating apparatus and semiconductor manufacturing apparatus which can carry out a fine heating temperature control easily. A heating apparatus for heating a semiconductor substrate placed on a support arranged in a reaction chamber of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes a plurality of heat source units, each of which has a heat source lamp being attachable and detachable, and being attachable by changing orientations in the circumferential direction. A semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes: a reaction chamber to which a reaction gas is supplied; a support arranged in the reaction chamber; and a heating apparatus which heats a semiconductor substrate placed on the support, wherein the heating apparatus includes a plurality of heat source units, each of which has a heat source lamp being attachable and detachable, and being attachable by changing orientations in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an electrical heating device, especially for motor vehicles, including a closed frame (2) which include rails (3, 4) and cross rails (5, 6), heating elements (7) which include elements made of electrically conductive plastic layers (18) having PCT effect, which are arranged between contact plates (15, 16), heat-conducting secondary surface elements (8) that can be overflown by air and at least one electrically conductive spring element (9), wherein the heating elements (7) and the secondary surface elements (8) are alternatingly arranged next to one another and are braced against each other by the rails (3, 4) and a spring element (9) placed centrally which replaces the secondary surface element (8).

Abstract: An electric heater includes a casing having a receiving compartment and an air outlet communicating the receiving compartment to outside and a plurality of radiant conductive fins spacedly supported in the receiving compartment to define an air heating channel between each two radiant conductive fins, wherein each of the radiant conductive fins has at least a guiding slot formed thereon. A heating element is electrically connected to a power source wherein the heating element is transversely extended to the radiant conductive fins through the guiding slots to heat up the radiant conductive fins in such a manner when the radiant conductive fins are heated up for warming an air within the air heating channels, a heat current is created on each radiant conductive fin for creating heat flows flowing from the air heating channels respectively to outside through the air outlet.

Abstract: A space heater is disclosed, comprising a housing, a heat source within the housing and a plurality of openings to allow the convection of air through the housing, in which: the heat source comprises a pair of panels defining between them a closed compartment, a liquid within and partially filling the compartment and an electrical heating element extending within the compartment, substantially parallel to the panels and in thermal contact with the liquid; the compartment is sub-divided into a lower liquid chamber and an upper expansion chamber and the cross-sectional area of the liquid chamber where it meets the expansion chamber is less than that of the expansion chamber; and the openings in the housing allow radiant heat from the heat source to escape from the housing. In further embodiments, the lower liquid chamber contains liquid at room temperature, but the upper expansion chamber does not.

Abstract: A cabin has a heating system integrated into one of its side walls. The heating system is arranged between an inner wall layer and an outer wall layer and has an ambient air channel with an inlet at the bottom and an outlet at the top. The heating system is designed to be space-savingly arranged within the cabin and to ensure a uniform heat distribution inside the cabin. The cabin thus has a large-surface radiant heating system built into the side walls and supplemented at its rear side relative to the outer wall layer by a reflecting layer that reflects the radiation of the radiant heating system into the cabin through the wooden inner layer.

Abstract: A portable electric heating or lighting fixture that uses infrared radiation to heat air efficiently, which is uniquely configured with no moving parts, having both fixed and removable ideal black body surfaces (28), (40), (42), (44), and a plurality of air convection chambers (30), (34), (38), that surround a replaceable radiant energy infrared or quartz heating lamp (24). In the lighting mode of operation, replaceable clear or colored incandescent lamps (98), or compact fluorescent lamps (100), are used for decor and indirect lighting applications. Decor matching fabric or fiber skirts and sleeves, silk screening, decals and paint can be used to decorate the exterior surface of outer pipe (36). Circular shaped colored glass or plastic panels can placed on air outlet register (58) for unlimited lighting effects. Natural resources and electricity can be conserved with this combination portable electric heater or floor lamp fixture.