Abstract: A system and method for improving the responsiveness of forced hot water heat exchangers placed around the baseboards of conditioned living spaces and improving the efficiently of centralized hot water heating systems. The control system may comprise a convector baseboard heat exchanger or a replacement heat exchanger cover, and a blower, a diffuser and sensors which are mounted to one or more of the baseboard heat exchangers, the heating system influent and effluent loops, the fuel supply and the recirculation pump. When the heating system and forced hot water loop reaches its operating temperature, the blower activates to rapidly transfer energy from the-forced hot water loop into the air and disperse treated, heated air into the conditioned spaces.

Abstract: A portable air blowing appliance has a housing retaining a blower adapted when energized to create an airflow through and from the housing, and a heating element adapted when energized to impart heat to the airflow. A movable deflector selectively steers the airflow either though or not through the heating element. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the blower is, in combination, a motor-driven centrifugal blower rotatable about a blower axis to create the airflow, and a scroll surrounding the blower wheel and adapted to direct the airflow from the blower wheel forwardly from the housing. In this exemplary embodiment, the deflector is movable about a pivot axis perpendicular to the blower axis between a heating position wherein the airflow is steered through the heating element and a cooling position where the airflow is steered not through the heating element.

Abstract: An electrical heating device includes at least one heat generating element and at least one heat emitting element having opposed surfaces that abut the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes at least one PTC heating element having strip conductors on both sides of it for the electrical supply of the PTC heating element At least one of the strip conductor is provided with at least one contact projection which protrudes beyond a PTC heating element locating face formed on the strip conductor. Also disclosed is a heat generating element having at least one strip conductor provided with at least one contact projection.

Abstract: An infrared, room heater system for installation in a wall or on a floor. An electric fan assembly draws room air into a housing, then through three parallel, air transit channels where the air is heated by infrared radiation within and about a heat exchanger assembly, and then back out into the room. One or more ceramic heating elements attached to a first copper plate emit infrared radiation when electrically energized. The first copper plate lies adjacent to, but spaced away from, a second copper plate such that radiation emitted from the heating elements reflects back and forth between the plates. Room air passed between the copper plates is heated by heat radiation concentrated between the plates, thereby achieving both energy and space efficiency.

Abstract: A space heater and a method for generating a convection flow of air through chimneys of the space heater for heating an area adjoining the space heater is provided. The space heater includes a first panel, a second panel, and an element having one or more heatable surfaces. The second panel is coupled to the first panel and the element is located therebetween to define the chimneys between the first panel and the second panel. The element has the one or more heatable surfaces located within the chimneys. When activated, the one or more heatable surfaces create thermal energy for generating heated air within the chimneys, the heated air flowing by convection substantially upwardly through the chimneys to provide the heated air to the area adjoining the space heater.

Abstract: The inventive warmer apparatus comprises a holding unit, enclosed on four sides, but open at the top to allow restaurants and kitchen operators easy access to food held in it. Food in the apparatus is exposed to radiant heat generated by a heated bottom surface and to hot convection air. Part of the convection air is used to create an air curtain to improve heat loss characteristics and protect from the environment. The apparatus uses a combination of radiant heat, convection air and a warm air curtain to keep food products hot and crisp. The air curtain provides additional food protection. The warmer apparatus conditions food to attain a noncooking biologically safe temperature and to retain its freshly cooked texture and internal moisture for at least twenty minutes. This allows restaurants to serve such food items longer to its customers, allowing more efficient batch cooking and significantly reducing food waste.

Abstract: A fan assembly includes a motor-driven impeller for creating an air flow, a casing including an interior passage for receiving the air flow, and a plurality of air outlets for emitting the air flow from the casing. The casing defines and extends about an opening through which air from outside the casing is drawn by the air flow emitted from the air outlets. The fan assembly also includes at least one heater for heating at least a first portion of the air flow, and means for diverting at least a second portion of the air flow away from said at least one heater. The plurality of outlets includes at least one first air outlet for emitting the relatively hot first portion of the air flow and at least one second air outlet for emitting the relatively cold second portion of the air flow.

Abstract: A heating apparatus including a housing defining a volume of air therein having an inlet and an outlet aperture. The heating apparatus also includes a heat generator having an elongate tubular metal sheath extending between an inner end and an outer end, a resistive wire within the sheath, and a substantially nonconducting material for electrically isolating the sheath relative to the resistive wire. The heat generator includes a terminal portion at the inner end and a heating portion extending between the terminal portion and the outer end of the sheath. The terminal portion is adapted for connection to a source of electrical power. Also, the heating portion of the heat generator is positioned in the housing to heat the volume of air. The heating apparatus also includes one or more insulators for electrically isolating the sheath relative to the housing.

Abstract: A portable electric heater producing a vertically oriented, heated exhaust air stream at an elevation above a support surface is provided. A base contacting the support surface and supporting an elongate housing in a substantially vertical position from the support surface. An inlet opening allows air to enter the interior of the housing and a vertically oriented outlet opening allows a heated exhaust air stream to exit the housing. An air blower assembly and elongate electric heating element are disposed within the housing. The air blower assembly has a substantially vertically oriented axis of rotation and the electric heating element is substantially vertically oriented proximate the outlet opening. The flow of the exhaust air stream from the air impeller assembly toward the vertically oriented elongate electric heating element is a substantially direct and straight vector and substantially all of the exhaust air stream passes through the electric heating element.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing thermal energy comprising a housing defining a first interior space and a second interior space; at least one electric heating element positioned within the first interior space; and an air circulator positioned within the second interior space and adjacent the first interior space, the air circulator receiving intake air from a first flow path and generating exhaust air along a second flow path, the second flow path substantially orthogonal to the first flow path such that the exhaust air flows through the at least one heating element.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing thermal energy comprising a housing defining a first interior space and a second interior space; at least one electric heating element positioned within the first interior space; and an air circulator positioned within the second interior space and adjacent the first interior space, the air circulator receiving intake air from a first flow path and generating exhaust air along a second flow path, the second flow path substantially orthogonal to the first flow path such that the exhaust air flows through the at least one heating element.

Abstract: A portable heater that provides a relatively large heat output for its size in either of a natural convection mode or a forced convection mode. The heater may include an electric heating element inside of a housing. A vertical baffle in the housing may be positioned between the heating element and a front of the housing. The heater may have a housing with a volume of less than 18,000 cubic centimeters and a heat output of about 1500 Watts. Less than about 25 percent of the surface of the housing may be open to allow air flow through the housing. The heater may have a ratio of heat output to housing volume of at least 0.082, and up to 0.

Abstract: A combination fan and heater with fan speed control operates to provide a cooling or heated flow of air at various desired temperatures and airflow speeds. A switch controls the operation of a heating assembly and a motor, to operate at a higher speed when the device is used as a cooling fan, and at a lower speed when the device is used as a heater. A baffle is included in the heating assembly to concentrate air flow in the center of a fan blade assembly, so that only a portion of the airflow produced by the fan blade assembly actually flows through the heating assembly.

Abstract: A heater comprising two or more heating units which are rotatably attached to each other about a common axis. Preferably, each heating unit is rotatably attached to the next successive heating unit along a vertical axis by a flanged coupling. Alternatively, each heating unit is rotatably attached to the next successive heating unit along a vertical axis by a pin and slot arrangement. Each of the heating units include a housing having at least one opening and a heater element within the housing.

Abstract: An electric heater has a housing defining a heat-transmitting window and reflector assembly is mounted in housing that has a heat reflective surface. A heating element extends within the reflector assembly between opposite ends of the housing and radiates heat energy which is reflected by the reflector assembly. A pair of bracket arms are rotatably attached to opposite ends of the housing for securing the heater to a ceiling. A control switch mounted within one of the bracket arms and a control knob secured to the switch are substantially centered on the heater's axis of rotation. A U-shaped support assembly is used to mount the heater to the ceiling so that the heater is detachably connected to the support assembly. The support bracket can be mounted to the ceiling by a single wood bolt extending through an aperture provided centrally in the support assembly. As a result, the heater can be swiveled about the bolt.

Abstract: A portable forced air space heater having a three hundred sixty degree peripheral dispersion pattern. The heater has a tubular housing and a fan forcing air past a heating element upwardly within the housing. The air encounters a conical deflector which redirects the air to flow outwardly at the top of the housing. One or more movable baffles are selectively placed in the housing so as to obstruct discharge of air at various selected sections of the peripheral pattern of discharge. This feature prevents injurious or otherwise objectionable discharge of heat when the heater is placed close to another object. The baffles are arcuate, so that they cooperate with the tubular housing, and insulated to minimize propogation of heat to the obstructed portion of the discharge pattern. Baffles are removable from the heater, and are maneuvered for adjusting their position from outside the heater.

Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater includes a housing, a fan mounted within the housing, a pair of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater assemblies disposed in the housing, and a plenum mounted in the housing. The housing includes a front portion and a rear portion connected together to define a front, a rear, a left side and a right side, the front and rear each having at least one opening. The fan is arranged to produce a flow of air from the rear of the housing to the front. The pair of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater assemblies are disposed in side by side relationship and angled relative to each other, each at an angle of approximately 7.5 degrees from normal, so as to produce a diverging column of heated air. The plenum mounted in the housing directs the air flow produced by the fan through each of the PTC heater assemblies.

Abstract: A heater attachment for an evaporative cooler having an axial airflow fan (10), in which the airflow is divided by an element mount (18) into an inner airflow in alignment with the hub area of the fan, and an outer airflow surrounding the inner airflow. The element mount (18) has an annular bearing wall with bearing surface, and finger sets (19) rotate on the bearing surface to function as shutters to obstruct the outer airflow when element (32) is energized, and by reducing total airflow, the heated inner airflow is at a higher, more comfortable temperature.

Abstract: A vehicle heater adapted to be plugged into a conventional car cigarette lighter. The vehicle heater includes an adapter for plugging the invention into a cigarette lighter, a switch for turning the heater on, a clock for setting a timer to turn the heater on at certain times and indicator lights for indicating when the unit is turned on when the battery power is low and when the air temperature is too high. The heater contains conventional heating elements and can be used in connection with any car cigarette lighter socket.

Abstract: An air heater is used to supply sterile air to an aseptic system for packaging food products. The air heater has an electrical heating element disposed within a tube, and the rate of air flow through the tube is adjustable. The air heater eliminates sources of contamination which are present in prior art air heaters.

Abstract: A single device adaptable to alter any one of a variety of air characteristics such as temperature, humidity, ion content, odor, etc. Several interchangeable cartridges are provided. Each cartridge has an apertured support structure, an air treatment element that alters a particular characteristics of an air flow through the cartridge, and male connectors. The device has a housing, a fan, and female connectors that cooperate with the male connectors to position any one of the cartridges on the housing to receive an air flow discharged from the fan. When interfitted, the connectors also complete an electric circuit to a power supply that provides current to any electrically-operable cartridge. A removable protective envelope contains the cartridge. The protective envelope has an arm that inserts through a housing slot to trip a switch controlling current flow from the power supply. When the protective envelope is removed, current flow to the cartridge is disabled, allowing safe handling of the cartridge.

Abstract: An electric space heater includes a hemispherical enclosure in which is positioned a blower arranged to draw air in through air inlets proximate the pole of the hemisphere for discharge through a plurality of air discharge outlets around the circumference of the enclosure. A filter between the inlets and blower filters the air and electric heating elements are provided for heating the air prior to discharge through the circumferential outlets. The enclosure is fastened to a base lying entirely within the periphery of the enclosure and supporting the blower and heating elements by a single fastener at the pole of the hemipshere with the filter captured between the enclosure and the internal parts of the heater supported on the base. The heater can be affixed to a surface by a mount attachable to the surface and having a threaded fastener engageable with a cooperating threaded member secured in a recess in the bottom of the base. The enclosure may be provided with wheels at its lower perimeter.

Abstract: An electric forced air heating device using PTC elements for heating and having a fixed volume of airflow established by a blower driven at a constant rate. A pair of parallel air paths are established in the device, with one air path having the PTC elements fixedly located therein. A laterally movable damper is used to control airflow through the two air paths, and is positioned proximate the PTC elements a fixed distance therefrom so that as the damper is shifted, airflow proportionally increases through one of the air paths and proportionally decreases through the other air path to control the heat output of the PTC elements. The energization of the PTC elements and blower is controlled by a switch activated by movement of the damper.

Abstract: A single device adaptable to alter any one of a variety of air characteristics such as temperature, humidity, ion content, odor, etc. Several interchangeable cartridges are provided. Each cartridge has an apertured support structure, an air treatment element that alters a particular characteristic of an air flow through the cartridge, and male connectors. The device has a housing, a fan, and female connectors that cooperate with the male connectors to position any one of the cartridges on the housing to receive an air flow discharged from the fan. When interfitted, the connectors also complete an electric circuit to a power supply that provides current to any electrically-operable cartridge. A removable protective envelope contains the cartridge. The protective envelope has an arm that inserts through a housing slot to trip a switch controlling current flow from the power supply. When the protective envelope is removed, current flow to the cartridge is disabled, allowing safe handling of the cartridge.

Abstract: A hot air pulse generator, particularly for use as a hair dryer, includes a housing enclosing an electric heater and air blower for generating a continuous flow of heated air through a passageway leading to a nozzle. A gently curved baffle arranged across the passageway upstream of the nozzle cuts off 50-75% of the cross section of the passageway and converges the heated air as a high speed air stream toward one side of the passageway. A butterfly valve freely rotatable through 360.degree. on a spindle disposed at an acute angle is located between the baffle and nozzle in the path of the air stream and is continuously rotated by the air flow to effect an intermittent pulsed air output flow through the nozzle.

Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater includes a housing, a fan mounted within the housing, a pair of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater assemblies disposed in the housing, and a plenum mounted in the housing. The housing includes a front portion and a rear portion connected together to define a front, a rear, a left side and a right side, the front and rear each having at least one opening. The fan is arranged to produce a flow of air from the rear of the housing to the front. The pair of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater assemblies are disposed in side by side relationship and angled relative to each other, each at an angle of approximately 7.5 degrees from normal, so as to produce a diverging column of heated air. The plenum mounted in the housing directs the air flow produced by the fan through each of the PTC heater assemblies.