Abstract: A compact focus state detection device having a plurality of focus state detection areas at the center of and away from the center of the photo field. A first focus state detection optical system has focus state detection areas away from the center of the photo field and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction from the center point. The optical axis of each re-imaging lens of the first focus state detection optical system is decentered toward the optical axis of the shooting lens from the center of each corresponding aperture stop. Therefore, when focus state detection light rays pass through the re-imaging lens, the exit direction of the light rays deflects toward the optical axis of the shooting lens.

Abstract: A camera having a focus detecting optical system includes a quick-return mirror having the function of splitting the optical path of a light beam coming from a photographic lens into two so that one is reflected and the other is transmitted, a submirror attached to the quick-return mirror, and an imaging plane disposed at a position of an imaging surface of the photographic lens. The focus detecting optical system including a field mask, a condenser lens placed close to a preset imaging plane equivalent to the imaging plane of the photographic lens, a photoelectric converting element array, and a reimaging optical system for re-forming an image formed by the photographic lens on the photoelectric converting element array. An aspect ratio AR of the imaging plane satisfies the following condition: 0.4<AR<0.63.

Abstract: A light redirecting member moves in concert with an aperture mechanism between a first position to redirect light to a metering sensor and a second position to allow light to pass to an imaging sensor. A motor drives the aperture mechanism to predetermined positions, swinging the associated light redirecting member in and out of an optical path from an imaging optical system to the imaging sensor.

Abstract: A photometric device, to measure light incident from a photographic lens of a camera, which can perform accurate photometry, independently of the direction of polarization of the incident light. The photometric device is provided with a first semi-transparent mirror, located between the photographic lens and an imaging plane of the camera, for dividing incident light from the photographic lens into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam. A second semi-transparent mirror is located in a position where the reflected beam from this first semi-transparent mirror is incident, and divides the incident light into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam. A photometric unit, for performing photometry, is located in a position to receive light of the transmitted beam from the second semi-transparent mirror.

Abstract: Camera capable of indicating set photographic field by masking an area out of the photographic field nearby an image forming plane within a visual field of a viewfinder or lowering transmittance of the area in accordance with a change of photography format such as from an ordinary shot to a panoramic shot. The camera includes light-receiving elements for photometry which output a signal in response to amount of light transmitted through the image forming plane within an optical path of the viewfinder, a correcting circuit for correcting the element output in response to the set photographic field, and a photometry circuit for calculating a photometric value.

Abstract: A camera body has at least one opening formed in a front position thereof for receiving optical information about a subject. A remote control light sensor is provided within the camera body to receive a remote control light signal emitted from an external remote control transmitter. An optical unit is placed between the opening and the remote control light sensor to direct at least the remote control light signal onto the light sensor. A control unit is responsive to an output of the remote control light sensor to control a predetermined operation associated with the camera body.

Abstract: Attaching window glass to a window used in photometry without degrading the external appearance of a camera, with the aim of simplifying the photometric optical system. The device has a photometric unit which conducts photometry on the subject region and which is provided inside the housing of the camera, an aperture stop is formed integrally with the housing at a position in front of the photometry unit. The aperture stop restricts the amount of incidental light on the photometry unit. A window glass is attached, from the inside of the housing, to cover the aperture region of the aperture stop. Further, the aperture stop is provided with a tapered surface which is formed so that the aperture region expands from the outside of the housing to the inside.

Abstract: Before the exposure of a film, the brightness of the miscroscope image is determined with a sensor by multiple constant (.tau.) which characterizes the dependence of the microscope image with time is determined. The film is subsequently exposed for a single exposure time (D.sub.c) which takes into account the dependence with time of the microscope image. The process is particularly suitable for microphotography of fluorescence pictures with fluorescence which bleaches out (fading). By the display of both the time constant (.tau.) and also the required exposure time, it can be estimated in advance, before exposure of the film, whether the dependence of the fluorescence on time permits microphotography with a sufficient exposure of the film, in the microscope conditions which have been set. A multiple exposure of the film is not required.

Abstract: A camera includes a photometric optical system and a range measuring optical system which are provided independently of a photographing optical system so that the optical path of the photometric optical system and that of a projection or reception system of the range measuring optical system go through a single window. In this way, space-saving of the front of a camera body can be intended to facilitate compactness of the camera.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a projection optical system for projecting an object image; a focal detection system for detecting a defocus state of the object image with respect to a photosensitive plane by a light emitted from the projection optical system; a finder system for observing the object by the light emitted from the projection optical system, the finder system being provided with a light modulation unit for creating a light transmission state when electric energy is input and a cutoff state when electric energy is not input, and the light modulation unit being disposed so as to cover the view field of the finder system; and a control unit for controlling input of the electric energy to a light modulation unit, the control unit controlling so as not to input electric energy when the user does not look through the finder system.

Abstract: An automatic exposure device in a camera divides an object field into a plurality of areas and photometers them by the use of a divisional photometry element, and calculates optimum exposure from the result of the photometry. The divisional photometry element includes a photometric converting portion for photoelectrically converting incident light in each of the areas and putting out an output, and a reading portion for reading out the plurality of outputs of the photoelectric converting portion. When the number of successive outputs of a row of the areas in the readout direction which exceed a predetermined value is greater than a predetermined number, the output of that row is completely omitted in the calculation of the optimum exposure.

Abstract: A panoramic camera has a camera housing rotatable about an axis of rotation that defines a viewpoint which points along a radial optical path that object rays traverse as the camera is rotated about its axis; a lens assembly having an optical path and a front nodal point mounted for rotation with the camera housing with the optical path of the lens offset from the radial optical path; a specular assembly including an object specular member along the radial optical path mounted for rotation with the housing that cooperates with the lens assembly for gathering object rays that traverse the radial optical path and for deviating them along the optical path of the lens assembly in such a way that the front nodal point of the lens subassembly virtually appears to lie on the axis of rotation thereby eliminating image smearing; and has an ambient light responsive controller including an ambient light sensor mounted for rotation with the camera housing for automatically varying the speed of rotation in direct relation

Abstract: Exposure control for cameras and photographic enlargers in which image light from a lens or light source is reflected off a spatial light modulator having a plurality of controllable elements able to be positioned in three dimensions. This reflected light is received by a photoelectric conversion device, analyzed by electronics, modulated and reflected by the spatial light modulator in a second dimension onto photosensitive material.

Abstract: An image sensor holding apparatus which holds at least one image pickup device. The apparatus includes holding surfaces which hold the outer side surfaces of the image pickup device therebetween. Guide grooves are provided on the holding surfaces. An adhesive can be introduced into the guide grooves along the outer side surfaces of the image pickup device.