Abstract: An ion beam device according to the present invention includes a gas field ion source (1) including an emitter tip (21) supported by an emitter base mount (64), a ionization chamber (15) including an extraction electrode (24) and being configured to surround the emitter tip (21), and a gas supply tube (25). A center axis line of the extraction electrode (24) overlaps or is parallel to a center axis line (14A) of the ion irradiation light system, and a center axis line (66) passing the emitter tip (21) and the emitter base mount (64) is inclinable with respect to a center axis line of the ionization chamber (15). Accordingly, an ion beam device including a gas field ion source capable of adjusting the direction of the emitter tip is provided.

Abstract: A flameless candle includes a translucent housing having a concavity in its top resembling a partially melted pillar candle. A false wick is mounted in the center of the concavity. A circuit board containing an LED, an integrated circuit chip, and an ambient light sensor is mounted inside the housing below the false wick. A battery compartment and a fragrance cartridge compartment are located in the bottom of the housing together with a slide switch. The housing also includes an electric fan or blower mounted adjacent to the fragrance cartridge compartment. The slide switch selectively completes an electrical circuit between the batteries and the circuit board, the batteries and the fan, or both. The fan is arranged such that, when activated, it blows air into the cartridge compartment.

Abstract: In a camera which reproduces information recorded at a magnetic recording part of each frame of a film, a reproducing circuit is arranged to make a discrimination, without being affected by noises, between the presence and absence of information recorded on the film and to lessen errors of reproduction of information, a noise removing filter is arranged to have a variable passband, and a passband switch-over circuit is arranged to vary the passband of the filter between a passband to be set in making the discrimination between the presence and absence of information recorded on the film and a passband to be set in performing a decoding action on the information recorded on the film.

Abstract: An electronic image display apparatus includes an image sensor arranged to obtain an electronic image, an external memory arranged to store electronic image information related to identification information which identifies a photographic film loaded in the apparatus, a reproducing circuit arranged to reproduce the identification information recorded at a magnetic information recording part of the photographic film loaded, and a display device arranged to display, on the basis of the identification information stored in the external memory and reproduction information reproduced by the reproducing circuit, the electronic image information related to the identification information. The electronic image display apparatus is thus arranged to let the user know, without fail, what picture is taken on which of films by displaying an electronic image recorded on each film, even in a case where there are many exposed or partially exposed films.

Abstract: A data reading apparatus adapted for a film cartridge having a data recording part provided on a predetermined moving member includes a first data reading device which reads data from the data recording part moving, a second data reading device which reads data from the data recording part moving and which is disposed at a position different from that of the first data reading device with respect to a moving direction of the data recording part, and a data obtaining circuit which makes a comparison between data read by the first data reading device, and data read by the second data reading device and obtains, on the basis of a result of the comparison, data corresponding to data recorded on the data recording part, if the data read by the first and second data reading devices are identical.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and regenerating unit for photographic film and a camera, which feed photographic film coated with a magnetic recording layer, records magnetic information in the magnetic recording layer, and regenerates magnetic information from the magnetic recording layer. In the magnetic recording and regenerating unit for a camera, the number of turns of a coil wound around a core included in a magnetic head is small. Thus, one magnetic head is able to record and regenerate magnetic information. The number of turns of the coil is determined so as to output a regenerated waveform which does not enable reading of the magnetic information but permits determination of whether any magnetic information is recorded or not. Whether any magnetic information is recorded or not is determined based on the output voltage from a smoothing circuit, a peak hold circuit, etc. which receive signals output from the magnetic head via an amplifier.

Abstract: A camera for use with a film having a magnetic track extending along a longitudinal side of each image frame thereof is equipped with a magnetic recording head and a magnetic reproducing head located on one side of the magnetic recording head remote from a built-in film drive motor in close proximity to one side of the camera where a film winding spool or a film cartridge is located.

Abstract: An apparatus, such as a camera, adapted for a film having a magnetic recording part includes a detecting device which detects perforations of the film, a magnetic head which performs at least one of reading and writing of information from or into the magnetic recording part of the film, and a microprocessor which performs processing of a signal detected by the detecting device and processing of a signal read or to be written by the magnetic head, wherein the microprocessor A/D-samples the signal detected by the detecting device.

Abstract: An apparatus, such as a camera, includes a storage device which stores at least one of cartridge-identifying information for identifying each individual film cartridge and history information indicative of contents of a usage history of a film cartridge corresponding to the cartridge-identifying information, and a determination device which determines whether to leave the storage device storing at least one of the cartridge-identifying information of a film cartridge to be taken out from the apparatus and the history information corresponding to the cartridge-identifying information of the film cartridge.

Abstract: A camera and a cartridge indicator setting apparatus adapted to a film cartridge including an indicator operatively coupled to a film supply spool provided in the film cartridge. The camera and the cartridge indicator setting apparatus includes a storage device which stores information to be indicated by the indicator of the film cartridge; and a setting device for driving, in response to an operation for ejecting the film cartridge which has been loaded on the camera, the film supply spool of the film cartridge which has been stopped after completion of rewinding of a film, and for setting the indicator of the film cartridge in accordance with the information stored by the storage device.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and Regenerating unit for photographic film and a camera, which feed photographic film coated with a magnetic recording layer, records magnetic information in the magnetic recording layer, and regenerates magnetic information from the magnetic recording layer. In the magnetic recording and regenerating unit for a camera, the number of turns of a coil wound around a core included in a magnetic head is small. Thus, one magnetic head is able to record and regenerate magnetic information. The number of turns of the coil is determined so as to output a regenerated waveform which does not enable reading of the magnetic information but permits determination of whether any magnetic information is recorded or not. Whether any magnetic information is recorded or not is determined based on the output voltage from a smoothing circuit, a peak hold circuit, etc. which receive signals output from the magnetic head via an amplifier.

Abstract: A camera for use with a film cartridge includes: an identification device for assigning individual identification information to a film cartridge loaded in the camera; a device for recording the individual identification information assigned by the identification device on one of the film cartridge and the film accommodated in the film cartridge; a device for storing the individual identification information and film use history information of the film accommodated in the film cartridge, such that the film use history information is identifiable based on the individual identification information; a device for detecting the individual identification information recorded on at least one of the film cartridge loaded in the camera and the film accommodated in the film cartridge; a device for reading out from the storage device film use history information corresponding to the individual identification information detected by the detecting device; and a device for controlling operation of the camera in accordance

Abstract: A camera and a cartridge indicator setting apparatus adapted to a film cartridge including an indicator operatively coupled to a film supply spool provided in the film cartridge. The camera and the cartridge indicator setting apparatus includes a storage device which stores information to be indicated by the indicator of the film cartridge; and a setting device for driving, in response to an operation for ejecting the film cartridge which has been loaded on the camera, the film supply spool of the film cartridge which has been stopped after completion of rewinding of a film, and for setting the indicator of the film cartridge in accordance with the information stored by the storage device.

Abstract: A camera has a bar code reader for reading a bar code from a roll film loaded therein. Bar code data read from the bar code is checked out whether it has a proper format or not. If the bar code data read from the bar code of the loaded roll film is proper, the bar code data is written in a nonvolatile memory, and the camera is set up in accordance with the bar code data. The bar code data of the nonvolatile memory is renewed each time proper bar code data is obtained. If the bar code data read from the bar code of the loaded roll film is improper, a display device displays film data represented by bar code data having been stored in the nonvolatile memory, along with an error indicia. If the displayed film data is invalid for the loaded roll film, the photographer enters film data of the loaded roll film through manual operation switches. Then, the camera is set up with the manually entered film data. If no film data is manually entered, the camera is set up in accordance with the displayed film data.

Abstract: A camera which determines whether a film cartridge loaded in the camera is a partial cartridge, containing photographic film having an exposed frame and an unexposed frame, or not, and feeds the photographic film from the loaded film cartridge up to a first unexposed frame if determining that the loaded film cartridge is a partial cartridge, the camera includes a first battery checking unit defined by a first determination means for determining whether voltage of a battery in the camera is more than a first threshold level, and first prohibiting means for prohibiting photographing if the loaded film cartridge is not determined as being the partial cartridge and determining, the first determination means determines that the voltage of the battery is less than the first threshold level.

Abstract: An apparatus adapted to a film cartridge in which a film is contained, comprises an operation device which is operable for arbitrarily rewinding the film into the film cartridge before the film is wholly used, an indication device for causing the film cartridge to provide an indication that the film is partly used upon a film rewinding operation of the operation device and a determination device for determining whether a predetermined transporting action of the film is performed. The indication device causes the film cartridge to provide the indication that the film is wholly used, if the determination device determines that the predetermined transporting action of the film is not performed and the film has been rewound.

Abstract: A camera which uses a film cartridge having a magnetic recording part for each frame portion thereof and writes magnetic information in the magnetic recording part of each frame, in rewinding the film after completion of photographing on all frames, is arranged to effectively prevent information from being recorded again at the time of rewinding the film for any frame having magnetic information already recorded in a case where the film cartridge loaded into the camera contains a film in which part of frames have been already exposed. In the camera, when a film cartridge having some of film frames already exposed is loaded, the camera stores the position of a leading unexposed frame and to permit recording of magnetic information up to the leading unexposed frame in performing the recording action at the time of film rewinding.

Abstract: A camera which includes a recording unit for recording photographic information in a record area on a magnetic layer of a photographic film for each exposed frame, and a regenerating unit for scanning the magnetic layer to determine the presence or absence of the recorded information. The regenerating unit includes a magnetic head for scanning the magnetic layer and generating a corresponding signal, an amplification circuit for amplifying the signal generated by the magnetic head, a smoothing circuit for obtaining an envelope waveformn, and a magnetic information detecting circuit for determining whether magnetic information is recorded in the magnetic record area for each frame on the photographic film by sampling the voltage level of the signals output from the smoothing circuit a plurality of times, integrating or averaging the sampled voltage levels, and comparing the integrated or averaged sampled voltage levels with a reference voltage.

Abstract: When a camera is set in a portable state responsive to a photographing state detection device and a portable state detection device, film is rewound from a take-up spool chamber into a film cartridge and the take-up spool chamber is compressed in the direction of film feed to reduce the size of the camera body in the film feed direction. When the camera is set in a photographing state, the camera body is extended and the film is taken up from the film cartridge into the take-up spool chamber.

Abstract: A photographic camera having a halfway film rewind mode in which a cartridge having film with part of the frames exposed and part of the frames unexposed is rewound into the film cartridge. The camera also allows the user to set a mode in which data relating to the cartridge can be entered into the memory of the camera. The memory of the camera stores the user input cartridge data together with data representative of the member of unexposed film frames remaining on the film in the cartridge.

Abstract: To improve a camera of the kind having the possibility of causing inconveniences such as a double exposure or the like in taking a shot after a battery is replaced and stowed again, a shutter release is allowed after the transport of the film is completed, if a sequence state of the camera obtained when a battery is stowed in the camera is a state before completion of transport of the film.

Abstract: A camera detects at least two magnetic tracks accompanying film frames which do not have information recorded thereon. The camera transports the film to place the foremost film frame accompanied with the unrecorded magnetic tracks to a specific position in the camera to avoid double exposure of an exposed film frame accompanied with an unrecorded magnetic track.

Abstract: A still picture camera for capturing images when film is alternately advanced from any one of three film cassettes into a common film gate for a controlled exposure by light passing through an objective lens and shutter, the camera comprising a camera body, an objective lens for forming an image, a shutter for controlled admission of light, a film gate for defining the area of exposure of one frame of photographic film, three film cassette chambers mounted in a rotating turret each accepting a film cassette, a turret rotation mechanism, a film advancement mechanism, and one film spooling chamber for alternately receiving film from any film cassette.

Abstract: A still picture camera for capturing images when film is alternately advanced from either of two film cassettes into a common film gate for a controlled exposure by light passing through an objective lens and shutter, the camera comprising a camera body, an objective lens for forming an image, a shutter for controlled admission of light, a film gate for defining the area of exposure of one frame of photographic film, two film cassette chambers each accepting a film cassette, a film drive mechanism, and one film spooling chamber for alternately receiving film from either film cassette.

Abstract: A device for setting a film state for use in a camera having a chamber for storing a film cartridge and a chamber door, and the film cartridge further including a data disk having photographic information recorded thereon. The device includes a photographic information reader which reads the photographic information on the data disk. A door detector detects whether the chamber door is open. A controller determines whether the film is unexposed based upon the photographic information, determines whether the chamber door opens within a predetermined period of time after the chamber door was closed, and outputs a control signal which sets the data disk to an unexposed state if the film is unexposed and the chamber door opens within the predetermined period of time. A transport unit moves the film and sets the data disk based upon the control signal.

Abstract: A camera capable of automatic film rewinding into the magazine, comprises an information recording device for recording at least information on use in an information recording portion formed at a pre-determined position of the magazine loaded in the magazine chamber of the camera, an information detecting device capable of detecting recorded information of the magazine when it is loaded, a prohibition device for prohibiting the photographing operation in response to a detection signal corresponding to information, indicating that all the film is already used, detected by the information detecting device and a control device for controlling the information recording device, information detecting device and prohibition device in such a manner that the detection by the information detecting device is conducted prior to the recording of information of use by the information recording device, and that the photographing operation is prohibited in response to the detection of information indicating that all the film

Abstract: A camera (100), suitable for using photographic film (18) with a magnetic track (33), includes a transporting mechanism (M, 22) for transporting the film along a film transport path, a magnetic head (11) positioned adjacent the film transport path so as to read information magnetically recorded on an adjacent portion of the magnetic track, signal processing circuits (12, 42) to provide a digital output signal responsive to thus read information, and a microcomputer (13) for comparing a digital output signal to predetermined threshold levels in order to determine whether or not information is recorded on the portion of the magnetic track being read by the magnetic head and for setting the threshold values. The threshold levels can be set in accordance with a level of the digital output signal when magnetically recorded information is not being read by the magnetic head, e.g., before the film is fed or during the feeding of the film before the first frame reaches the magnetic head.

Abstract: A camera utilizing an image recording medium cartridge provided with a cover for extracting and introducing an image recording medium comprises operation means for operating the cover of the cartridge loaded in the camera; response means for moving the cover of the cartridge in response to the operation of the operation means; and release means for maintaining the operation means in an operable state but causing the response means not to respond to the operation of the operation means in at least either of a situation where the cover of the cartridge is open and a situation where the image recording medium is extracted from the cartridge, or the camera comprises determination means for determinating, after the power supply is turned on, at least either of state of the cover of the cartridge loaded in the camera prior to the turning-on of the power supply and state of the image recording medium, or the camera comprises determination means for directly determinating state of the cover itself of the cartridge lo

Abstract: A camera or an apparatus for a camera, which is arranged to record photographed-frame information indicative of a photographed frame on photographed frames of a film on a frame-by-frame basis, comprises an indication device which gives a midroll interrupt indication for rewinding a film which is partway used into a film cartridge, a film transport device which rewinds the film which is partway used into the film cartridge in accordance with the midroll interrupt indication given by the indication device, and a determination device which determines whether the photographed-frame information is recorded on photographed frames of the film on a frame-by-frame basis, while the film transport device is rewinding the film into the film cartridge in accordance with the midroll interrupt indication given by the indication device.

Abstract: In a camera having an exposure gate and a transport for transporting film past the exposure gate, the film having a series of perforations along at least one edge of the film, wherein the number of the perforations are an integer per exposure frame, the film having a substantially transparent magnetic layer at least in the region of the perforations, a mid-roll change apparatus. The mid-roll change apparatus includes a source of a steady-state magnetic field located downstream of the exposure gate and adjacent to the series of perforations for magnetizing the magnetic layer between the perforations as film is transported past the source; a magnetic field sensor located upstream of the exposure gate and adjacent to the series of perforations for sensing fringing magnetic fields emanating from perforation edges, the area between which have been magnetized; and a perforation sensor located to sense the series of perforations of the film.

Abstract: A judging device for judging an unexposed frame of a film having a magnetic recording portion recordable with a magnetic signal, includes: a magnetic header for scanning the magnetic recording portion; a divider for dividing the magnetic recording portion into a plurality of blocks; a first judger for judging whether blocks bear a magnetic signal block by block; and a second judger for judging whether the frame corresponding to the magnetic recording portion has been exposed.

Abstract: A camera capable of automatic film rewinding into the magazine, comprises an information recording device for recording at least information on use in an information recording portion formed at a predetermined position of the magazine loaded in the magazine chamber of the camera, an information detecting means capable of detecting recorded information of the magazine when it is loaded, a prohibition device for prohibiting the photographing operation in response to a detection signal corresponding to information, indicating that all the film is already used, detected by the information detecting device and a control device for controlling the information recording device, information detecting device and prohibition device in such a manner that the detection by the information detecting device is conducted prior to the recording of information of use by the information recording device, and that the photographing operation is prohibited in response to the detection of information indicating that all the film i

Abstract: In a camera having an exposure film gate and device for advancing a film strip past the gate, the film strip having successive image areas with a magnetic track adjacent to each image area, wherein one or more of the image areas are exposed and have information magnetically recorded in the adjacent magnetic track of an exposed image area, the improvement comprising a thin film read only magnetic sensor located relative to the film gate so as to be upstream of the gate when the means advances the film strip past the gate, the sensor reading each the magnetic track adjacent to an image area to determine whether the image area has been exposed or not so as to detect an unexposed image area before it is advanced to the film gate.

Abstract: A camera uses a film having a magnetic record member for each frame on film. When the film is loaded in the camera, the information recorded in the record member of each frame is detected. It is judged whether each frame is exposed or unexposed. Even if some frames on the leader side and on the trailer side of film were already exposed, the camera can perform accurate positioning of first unexposed frame and exposure on each unexposed frame.

Abstract: A camera system is capable of operating in a number of different photographic modes and includes a display system which provides information relevant to each of the modes. The camera system also includes an automatic film rewinding mechanism that has two modes of operation. In a first, automatic, mode, the tensioning of the film during winding is detected to indicate the end of the roll of film. Upon such detection, the film is automatically and fully rewound into the film cartridge. In a second, user selectable, mode a signal is manually provided by the user to initiate film rewinding. Rewinding of the film is stopped just prior to the time the end of the film enters the cartridge, so that a portion of the film leader remains extended outside of the cartridge.

Abstract: A camera of the kind using a film cartridge capable of setting various film usage conditions permits normal photographing actions when the camera is loaded with the film cartridge in an unused condition and inhibits photographing actions when the camera is loaded with the film cartridge in a completely used condition. The operating modes of the camera include a test mode in which photographing actions can be carried out for tests at a factory by loading the camera with the film cartridge in any of the film usage conditions.

Abstract: An automatic film winding/rewinding device and related control method for prevention of film exposure to light due to leaving non-rewound film in a camera for a long time or due to a operator mistakingly opening the back cover of the camera. In operation, the device automatically rewinds the film when the camera power switch is turned off for a long period of time. The device winds the film back to the next frame position when the camera is turned on so that the remaining film is fully utilized. Further, the device allows the film to be rewound if the back cover is opened. The device includes a film number sensor for sensing the perforation number of the film as the film is wound and produces an electric signal corresponding to the number of the perforation of the film.

Abstract: In a camera, whether a film has been partially exposed or not is checked, and if the check fails, a use status on a film cartridge is rotated to an optimum position such as a position indicating an exposed status. Thus, double exposure of the film is prevented.

Abstract: In a camera, a take-up spool clutch assembly (34) is provided with delayed engagement by disposing a clutch spring (32) between a take-up spool (10) and a drive gear (30). The clutch spring (32) engages a lug (46) on a hub portion (40) of the take-up spool (10) with a second end (64) to drive the take-up spool (10) in the take-up direction (36) when the drive gear (30) engages a first end (60) of the clutch spring (32). Before the take-up spool (10) can rotate in the take-up direction (36) after being rotated in the rewind direction (37), the drive gear (30) must complete substantially one revolution to re-engage the second end (64) of the clutch spring (32) into driving engagement with the lug (46). The time interval consumed by the single revolution of the drive gear spool (30) is sufficient to allow a planetary clutch (90) to disengage a rewind gear (97) and engage a thrust gear (96) with a supply spool (79).

Abstract: A film rewinder for a camera comprising a motor and rewinding means driven by the motor and adapted to rewind a used film into a film cartridge, comprises first sensing means disposed at a specific position in the path of the film moved to the film cartridge when the film is being rewound and effective to generate an output signal when the leader portion of the film has passed the specific position; second sensing means effective to generate an output signal when the leader portion of the film is further rewound to the film cartridge beyond the specific position; means for selecting one of first and second conditions; and control means. The control means is used for de-energizing the motor when the first condition is selected by the selecting means and if the control means receives the output signal from the first sensing means and for de-energizing the motor when the second condition is selected by the selecting means and if the control means receives the output signal from the second sensing means.