Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer belt, an outer roller, a power source, and a regulation member. The outer roller transfers a toner image onto a recording material. The power source applies a voltage to the outer roller. The regulation member regulates orientation of the recording material. Information is acquired regarding a timing at which orientation of a recording material first portion, passing through the transfer portion that is located between the outer roller and the regulation member, can change to move closer to the intermediate transfer belt. Based on the acquired information, a transfer voltage target value for transfer onto the recording material is changed between a first target value of a period anterior to the timing and a second target value of a period posterior to the timing that is larger in absolute value than the first target value.

Abstract: A sensor is located upstream of a conveyance roller in a sheet conveyance direction. A switch switches driving and stopping of a photosensitive drum. A controller performs a first mode process as a warm-up process of driving the conveyance roller and a fuser. The first mode process includes: driving the photosensitive drum for a particular time; in response to detecting a sheet within the particular time by the sensor, controlling the switch to continue driving the photosensitive drum after the particular time elapses and to discharge the detected sheet to a sheet discharge tray; and in response to not detecting the sheet within the particular time by the sensor, controlling the switch to stop driving the photosensitive drum at a time point when the particular time elapses, and driving the conveyance roller and the fuser to complete the warm-up process in a state where the photosensitive drum is stopped.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second image forming portions provided with first and second image bearing members, respectively. A controller controls a first operation in which the image to be transferred to the recording material is formed only in the first image forming portion, a second operation in which the image to be transferred is formed in the first and second image forming portions, and a supplying operation in which a lubricant is attached to the second image bearing member and supplied to a contacting portion of the second image bearing member. In a case that a stopping time exceeds a predetermined threshold when a start instruction of the first operation is input in a stopping state of the first and second image bearing members, the controller controls to execute the supplying operation during a time from when a current start instruction of the first operation is input until a next start instruction of the first or second operation is input.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging member, an exposing device, a developing device, a transfer member, a brush, a voltage applying portion, and a control portion controlling a surface potential of the photosensitive member at the brush contacting position. When a value of subtracting a value of the surface potential of the photosensitive member in the brush contacting position from a value of the brush voltage is defined as a contacting position potential difference, the control portion controls the surface potential of the photosensitive member in the brush contacting position so that the contacting position potential difference is changed from a first potential difference to a second potential difference in a predetermined direction which is either one of an increasing direction or a decreasing direction, and then the contacting position potential difference is changed from the second potential difference to a third potential difference in the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A cleaning device includes a cleaning member that removes toner from a surface of an image holder by bringing an upper end portion into contact with the surface from a downstream side in a rotation direction of the image holder, a housing that supports the cleaning member and that stores the toner removed from the surface of the image holder by the cleaning member, and a transport member that is provided in the housing and that transports the toner stored in the housing to an outside of the housing at the same height as a contact portion of the cleaning member that comes into contact with the surface of the image holder or at a position above the contact portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of photosensitive drums, an intermediate transfer belt, a cleaning member to contact an inner surface of the intermediate transfer belt to remove impurities from the intermediate transfer belt, a storage member including a storage to accommodate the impurities removed by the cleaning member, and a shutter movable to a first location at which the storage is opened and a closing location at which the storage is closed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus controls the number of rotations of a photosensitive drum based on information related to the use of the photosensitive drum and a suspension time in a rotation operation of rotating the photosensitive drum after a lapse of the suspension time between a first image forming operation of forming an image on a transfer material and a second image forming operation performed after the first image forming operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a transfer member, a transfer power source, and a control unit. At a start time of a start-up operation at the time of starting an image forming operation, on the surface of the photosensitive member, a first position coincides with a charging position, and a third position coincides with a transfer position. During a period in which an area on the photosensitive member located between the first position and the third position in a rotation direction of the photosensitive member passes the transfer position, the control unit performs control of applying a first voltage having the same polarity as a normal charging polarity of toner to the transfer member by the transfer power source, and, at a predetermined timing, changing a voltage from the first voltage to a second voltage having an absolute value less than that of the first voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, a charging member, an electrostatic image forming portion, a developing member, a transfer member, a transfer voltage source, a brush member, a brush voltage source, and a controller capable of executing a cleaning operation. The controller carries out control so that the cleaning operation includes a first operation in which a potential difference is formed between the transfer member and the photosensitive member so that toner charged to a normal charge polarity is moved from the transfer member toward the photosensitive member, and a second operation in which a potential difference is formed between the brush member and the photosensitive member so that the toner charged to the normal charge polarity is moved from the photosensitive member toward the brush member.

Abstract: A transcriber includes an intermediate transfer belt, a driving roller being in contact with an internal surface of the intermediate transfer belt and to circulate it, a plurality of primary transfer members to primarily transfer toner images formed by image formers onto an external surface of the intermediate transfer belt, a secondary transfer member disposed so as to abut on the intermediate transfer belt on the driving roller and to secondarily transfer the toner images that are primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt onto a sheet, and a belt presser pressed against the intermediate transfer belt on a downstream side from a position where the secondary transfer member abuts on the intermediate transfer belt in a circulation direction thereof and from an external side of the intermediate transfer belt, wherein when not forming the images, the belt presser is released from the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: Monitoring medicine dispensing is disclosed. A set of events from an intelligent container is received. The intelligent container belongs to a set of intelligent containers, each container associated with a medicine. It is determined whether the set of events satisfies a rule associated with the intelligent container. If the rule is satisfied, a message is created to be sent to a subscribing device as a result of the determination.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt has a first region and a second region in an outer circumferential surface thereof that is in contact with a blade. The first region has a first dynamic friction coefficient in a belt conveyance direction, and the second region has a second dynamic friction coefficient. The distance of the second region in the belt conveyance direction is less than the distance of the first region and is greater than the distance of a contact portion in which the blade is in contact with the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: There is provided a printing apparatus including: a recorder; first and second conveying rollers; a first member which includes the first conveying roller and in which the first conveying roller is supported shakably; and a second member which includes the second conveying roller. The first member includes: a roller support having: an extending part which extends in an extending direction of a rotation shaft of the first conveying roller, and first and second supports which rotatably supports first and second ends of the rotation shaft of the first conveying roller, respectively; and at least one pressing part configured to press a central area of the extending part in a pressing direction extending from the first conveying roller to the second extending roller, in a state that the first and second conveying rollers are brought into contact with each other.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member, an intermediate transfer body including a surface layer that includes an acrylic resin and a fluorine-containing polyether, first and second transfer units, and an intermediate transfer body cleaning unit that includes a cleaning blade including a tetrahedral amorphous carbon layer disposed on a surface of a contact portion of the cleaning blade, the contact portion being arranged to contact the intermediate transfer body, and removes a residual toner by bringing the cleaning blade into contact with the intermediate transfer body. Linear velocities of the intermediate transfer body and the photosensitive member are adjusted to satisfy a requirement (1): Requirement (1): 0.3?|Linear velocity of Intermediate transfer body?Linear velocity of Photosensitive member|/Linear velocity of Intermediate transfer body×100?1.5.

Abstract: A transfer unit, provided in an image forming apparatus having an image bearing member to bear a toner image, includes an endless belt, a transfer member, a collecting member, a storage container, a conveyance member, and a detection unit. The transfer member transfers the toner image from the image bearing member to the endless belt. The collecting member recovers toner remaining on the endless belt. The conveyance member rotates to convey toner from an inflow port inside the storage container. The detection unit detects a load which the conveyance member receives when rotating. The rotational axis direction is a direction which is perpendicular to neither a movement direction of the endless belt nor a width direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the endless belt. The conveyance member includes a force receiving portion configured to receive a force from the toner conveyed in a state the conveyance member is rotating.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes a transfer belt, a transfer roller, a conductive roller, and a power source. The transfer roller includes a metal shaft electrically floating during an imaging operation. The conductive roller has an electrical resistance lower than an electrical resistance of the transfer roller. The power source is electrically connected to the conductive roller, and the power source includes a first supply path to supply a first electrical bias to the conductive roller during an imaging operation and a second supply path to supply a second electrical bias to the transfer roller during a cleaning operation.

Abstract: A container to store residual transfer toner remaining on an intermediate transfer belt is disposed in a region of a transfer unit, where the region is defined by an inner circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer belt. A single conveyance member, which rotates to convey toner conveyed from an inlet toward the container, is disposed in the inside of the container. An end portion of the conveyance member that is opposite to an end portion on a side of the inlet is located in a central region of the container.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion configured to form a toner image on an image bearing member; an intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image is transferred from the image bearing member in a primary transfer portion to form an image portion; and a control portion configured to perform control to form a toner image for lubrication in a non-image portion of the intermediate transfer member onto which the toner image for a print image based on image information is not to be formed. In a state in which the non-image portion is to be formed downstream of the image portion in a movement direction of the surface of the intermediate transfer member, the control portion performs control to change a size of a region for forming the toner image for lubrication based on the image information.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an endless belt which includes a first surface and a second surface and a steering assembly which is tiltable to adjust a position of the endless belt. The steering assembly includes a first member that is adjacent to the first surface of the endless belt and a second member that is adjacent to the second surface of the endless belt, to press the endless belt against the first member.

Abstract: A surface roughness Rz of an outer peripheral surface of an intermediate transfer belt is 0.05 ?m or more, and toner contains toner base particles and an organosilicon polymer on the surface of the toner base particles. After residual toner on the intermediate transfer belt is collected by a blade into a belt cleaning device, the blade has a coating layer on its surface facing the intermediate transfer belt, the coating layer containing the organosilicon polymer.

Abstract: In an example, a print apparatus comprises an intermediate transfer member to receive thermoplastic print agent from a photoconductive surface, a rotatably mounted endless cleaning surface to receive a layer of thermoplastic print agent from the intermediate transfer member and a heater, to heat the endless cleaning surface. The endless cleaning surface may be to engage with the intermediate transfer member when heated to transfer residue from the intermediate transfer member to the layer of thermoplastic print agent on the endless cleaning surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image carriers, an intermediate transfer belt, a plurality of rollers, a correction mechanism, and a belt cleaning unit. The intermediate transfer belt has an endless shape, and toner images respectively formed on the plurality of image carriers are sequentially overlaid and transferred thereto. The correction mechanism moves one end side in an axial direction of a tension roller along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, so as to correct meandering of the intermediate transfer belt with respect to the tension roller. The belt cleaning unit includes a cleaning blade that is disposed in such a manner that its tip portion contacts with an outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer belt at a position facing the tension roller via the intermediate transfer belt, so as to remove extraneous matter from the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotating body that regulates a movement of a transfer roller in a direction along a rotating shaft of the transfer roller. The rotating body includes a first portion located at a first distance from the rotating shaft of the transfer roller in a direction intersecting the rotating shaft of the transfer roller and a second portion located at a second distance that is nearer than the first distance. The rotating body takes a first position for supporting the transfer roller in a separating position by making the first portion abut on the cover in a state where the side cover is closed. The rotating body takes a second position where the second portion is directed to the cover and the transfer roller is in an abutting position in a state where the side cover is closed.

Abstract: A cleaning device may include a cleaning blade that is in contact with an image carrier for cleaning, an applicating roller that is in contact with the image carrier at a position upstream compared to the cleaning blade, and a plate-like member that is in contact with the applicating roller. The plate-like member may be in contact with the applicating roller at a contact part which is not an edge of the plate-like member and may be arranged such that a space for reserving the toner is formed on an upper side of the contact part. An angle between a tangent line that passes the upper end of the plate-like member and touches the applicating roller on an upper side and a horizontal line that passes the upper end of the plate-like member may be larger than an angle of rupture of the toner reserved in the space.

Abstract: Toner contains toner base particles and an organosilicon polymer on the surface of the toner base particles, and silica particles are added to the toner as an external additive. The surface roughness Rz of an intermediate transfer belt, against which a blade abuts, in the width direction of the intermediate transfer belt perpendicular to the belt conveying direction is larger than the average particle diameter Ry of the organosilicon polymer and is smaller than the average particle diameter Rk of the silica particles.

Abstract: An electrophotographic belt including: a base layer, an elastic layer formed on the base layer, and a surface layer formed on the elastic layer. The surface layer contains a binder resin and polytetrafluoroethylene particles. A content of the polytetrafluoroethylene particles is 200 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. The polytetrafluoroethylene particles have a number average particle diameter of 200 nm or less.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer member. The intermediate transfer member includes a layer made of an acrylic copolymer. A plurality of grooves is formed in the layer along a moving direction of the intermediate transfer member across a width direction of the intermediate transfer member. A groove distance that is an average distance between adjoining grooves of the plurality of grooves in the width direction of the intermediate transfer member is 2 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor, an intermediate transfer belt, a driving roller, and a cleaning device. The photoreceptor is to have an image formed thereon. The intermediate transfer belt is to be disposed to transfer the image formed on the photoreceptor. The driving roller is to move the intermediate transfer belt in a running direction. The cleaning device is to be disposed in a space formed by the intermediate transfer belt to remove a waste toner introduced into the space. The cleaning device includes a brush roller to be disposed to contact with the intermediate transfer belt and to rotate in an inverse direction of the running direction of the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: A cleaning device includes a thin plate-shaped first blade that cleans a surface of a toner carrying body by making a tip portion come in contact with the toner carrying body to carry toner. The first blade includes a substrate and a coat layer covering a surface of the substrate. In the first blade, a cross-sectional shape, in a thickness direction, of the tip portion is a convex shape, or a protruding shape in which a center side protrudes more than an end portion of a contact side.

Abstract: A printing system for printing on a substrate, comprises a movable intermediate transfer member in the form of a flexible, substantially inextensible, belt guided to follow a closed path, an image forming station for depositing droplets of a liquid ink onto an outer surface of the belt to form an ink image, a drying station for drying the ink image on the belt to leave an ink residue film on the outer surface of the belt, first and second impression stations spaced from one another in the direction of movement of the belt, each impression station comprising an impression cylinder for supporting and transporting the substrate and a pressure cylinder carrying a compressible blanket for urging the belt against the substrate supported on the impression cylinder, and a transport system for transporting the substrate from the first impression station to the second impression station.

Abstract: A device for removing toner attached to a transfer roller in an image forming apparatus is disclosed. The device includes a bar brush to contact an outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller, where the bar brush extends along a part of a longitudinal length of the transfer roller. The device includes an elongated cleaning member to contact the outer circumferential surface of the transfer roller, where the elongated cleaning member extends along the longitudinal length, entirely, of the transfer roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a job acquirer that acquires a print job; a photoconductor including a surface on which a toner image is to be formed; an electrifying member that electrifies the photoconductor; an exposure member that exposes the photoconductor; a developing member that supplies toner to the photoconductor; a cleaner that cleans the photoconductor; and a controller connected to the job acquirer to control the image forming apparatus, wherein the controller computes a first non-toner region that is provided on the surface of the photoconductor when the toner image is formed on the photoconductor, the first non-toner region not containing toner in a longitudinal direction of the surface of the photoconductor, and the controller causes the exposure member and the developing member to form the toner image on the photoconductor and to form a set of toner patches in the first non-toner region.

Abstract: A container to store residual transfer toner remaining on an intermediate transfer belt is disposed in a region of a transfer unit, where the region is defined by an inner circumferential surface of the intermediate transfer belt. A single conveyance member, which rotates to convey toner conveyed from an inlet toward the container, is disposed in the inside of the container. An end portion of the conveyance member that is opposite to an end portion on a side of the inlet is located in a central region of the container.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a charging roller, a transfer roller, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to perform an alternating bias control. During the alternating bias control, the control circuit causes the charging roller and the transfer roller to rotate in accordance with a rotation of the photosensitive drum, and controls the charging roller to alternately turn off and on to a first bias of a predetermined polarity and the transfer roller to alternately turn off and on to a second bias of the predetermined polarity, such that at least a part of a region of the photosensitive drum biased by the first bias is not biased by the second bias, and that at least a part of a region of the photosensitive drum biased by the second bias is not biased by the first bias.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, an exposure device, a developing device, a primary transfer device, a secondary transfer device, and a control unit. The exposure device exposes the image carrier to form an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier. The developing device forms a toner image by developing the electrostatic latent image using toner. The primary transfer device primarily transfers the toner image to a transfer body. The secondary transfer device applies a transfer bias to secondarily transfer the toner image to a recording medium. The control unit applies a cleaning bias to the secondary transfer device to remove residual toner after the secondary transfer. When the control unit determines that the toner image based on the exposed electrostatic latent image is not secondarily transferred at a predetermined timing, the first cleaning processing is performed until the subsequent processing is started.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet support that can be used to obtain a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet that maintains its gloss and that has excellent handleability and high condition uniformity while preventing the formation of air bubbles in an adhesive layer. A resin is supplied to one side of a substrate, which is passed between a cooling roller A and a rubber roller A. A porous film is stacked on another side of the substrate through a resin, and the substrate is passed between a cooling roller B and a rubber roller B. The cooling rollers A and B have surfaces with a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of 5 to 30 ?m and 0 to 20 ?m, respectively. The rubber rollers A and B have a rubber hardness (durometer (Type A)) of 60 to 95 and 50 to 80, respectively.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer device includes: an endless belt that circulates, receives transfer of a toner image at a first transfer position, and holds the toner image until the toner image reaches a second transfer position at which the toner image is transferred to a transfer receiver; a first cleaning unit that is disposed downstream of the second transfer position and upstream of the first transfer position in a circulation direction of the belt and removes residual toner from the belt after transfer; and a second cleaning unit that is disposed downstream of the first cleaning unit and upstream of the first transfer position in the circulation direction and removes residues from the belt after removal by the first cleaning unit, in which the second cleaning unit includes: a contact cleaning part that extends in a width direction intersecting the circulation direction and is in contact with the belt; and a support guide receiving part that supports the contact cleaning part, and receives a guide for attachme

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductive drum, a primary transfer belt, a secondary transfer counter roller, a secondary transfer roller, a bias control circuit, a belt cleaner, and a processor. The photoconductive drum forms a toner image. The primary transfer belt comes in contact with the photoconductive drum and receives the toner image from the photoconductive drum. The secondary transfer counter roller moves the primary transfer belt. The secondary transfer roller presses a printing medium against the primary transfer belt to transfer the toner image on the primary transfer belt to the printing medium. The bias control circuit applies a bias to the secondary transfer roller. The belt cleaner is in contact with the primary transfer belt and removes attached matters from the primary transfer belt. When a printing operation is interrupted, a cleaning operation can be executed to remove residuals on the primary transfer belt.

Abstract: A transfer device includes first and second assemblies, a spring, and a moving mechanism. The first assembly is rotatable around a first rotation shaft. The first assembly includes an endless belt, and a transfer roller that presses a sheet against an image transport belt to transfer a toner image onto the sheet. The second assembly is rotatable around a second rotation shaft. The second assembly includes a cleaning blade that abuts a leading end edge thereof against a portion of the endless belt. The spring biases the second assembly to rotate around the second rotation shaft. The moving mechanism moves the transfer roller to be in contact with and separated from the image transport belt. The first assembly rotates around the first rotation shaft as the transfer roller moves. The second assembly follows the rotation of the first assembly to rotate around the second rotation shaft.

Abstract: A cleaning device for a rotational body is provided. The cleaning device includes a scraping portion whose edge is pressed against a rotational body to which toner adheres. The scraping portion scrapes the toner off the rotational body. The cleaning device also includes a guide portion that guides a recording medium toward the rotational body, and a guide support portion that supports the guide portion. The guide support portion is disposed at a position separated from the scraping portion in a state in which the guide support portion is pressed by the guide portion that is guiding the recording medium.

Abstract: A belt unit includes a belt member, a cleaning member that scrapes off a developer being attached and carried on the belt member, a waste developer accommodation chamber that accommodates the developer as a waste developer, a waste developer carrying member that carries the waste developer accommodated in the waste developer accommodation chamber in correspondence with a rotation thereof; and a waste developer taking-up member that takes up the waste developer in correspondence with a rotation thereof and supplies the waste developer to a contact portion between the cleaning member and the belt member, wherein the waste developer taking-up member is composed with a shaft and a brush attached to the shaft.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediate transfer belt, an image forming device, a brush roller, a bias application device, and a controller. The bias application device applies, between the intermediate transfer belt and the brush roller, a bias for shifting a charged residual toner from the intermediate transfer belt to the brush roller. The controller controls, in a period in which calibration or maintenance is executed, the bias application device to set an application amount of the bias at a predefined first value only in a specified time zone in which the residual toner is present on the intermediate transfer belt and to set the application amount of the bias at a predefined second value smaller than the first value in time zones other than the specified time zone.

Abstract: A transfer belt according to one or more embodiments may include a surface to which a developer image is to be transferred and from which the transferred developer image is to be transferred from to a medium. The transfer belt may be configured having characteristics in which a dipole component of the surface of the transfer belt is not less than 0.3 dyn/cm and not larger than 1.9 dyn/cm.

Abstract: A cleaning device includes a scraping portion whose edge is pressed against a rotational body to which toner adheres and that scrapes the toner off the rotational body, and a container that contains the toner that has been scraped off the rotational body. The container has a through-hole that opens in a portion of the container facing the scraping portion and that allows a gas to flow from an inside of the container toward the scraping portion.

Abstract: An image forming device includes: an endless intermediate transfer belt; and a secondary transferrer, wherein the secondary transferrer includes a secondary transfer roller and a counter roller, a value calculated from w/Vsys is defined as a nip time N [sec], when the secondary transferrer is deemed as an equivalent circuit including a resistance R1 [?·m2] of the secondary transfer roller, a resistance R2 [?·m2] of the intermediate transfer belt, a resistance R3 [?·m2] of the counter roller, and capacitance Cmed [F/m2] of a recording medium, in a case where a combined resistance in the equivalent circuit is defined as Rtotal [?·m2], and combined capacitance in the equivalent circuit is defined as Ctotal [F/m2], a value calculated from Rtotal×Ctotal is defined as a time constant ? [sec], and the image forming device further includes: a sheet detector; and a hardware processor.

Abstract: Prevention of an image defect due to discharging in a transfer portion and ensured transfer efficiency are both achieved. A control electrode is in contact with an outer circumferential surface of a secondary transfer roller on an upstream side of a position of contact between the secondary transfer roller and a recording medium in a direction of rotation of the secondary transfer roller. The control electrode has a potential set to a repel a toner image with respect to the secondary transfer roller. The control electrode is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the secondary transfer roller under such a condition that discharging occurs in a gap between the secondary transfer roller and the intermediate transfer belt and a discharging current flows through the recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a chassis having an opening, a cover, photosensitive members, an intermediate transfer belt, a primary-transfer member, a secondary-transfer roller, a cleaner device, an external-sheet inlet, a waste toner container, a connector, and a conveying roller, which is arranged within the feeding path to feed the recording sheet inserted through the external-sheet inlet in the feeding path. The conveying roller is mounted on the waste toner container and removable from the chassis along with the waste toner container.

Abstract: A cleaning device has a housing where an opening and a toner storage portion are formed, a cleaning member arranged in the opening, a collection roller collecting toner attached to the cleaning member, a blade scraping off toner attached to the collection roller, a sheet member dividing between the toner storage portion and the opening, and a sealing member arranged to be in contact with the housing and both end parts of the outer circumferential surface of the collection roller in the axial direction. A first region having a predetermined surface roughness is formed in a middle part of the circumferential surface of the collection roller in the axial direction, and a second region having a lower surface roughness than the first region is formed next to both end parts of the first region in the axial direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductive drum, a primary transfer belt, a secondary transfer counter roller, a secondary transfer roller, a bias control circuit, a belt cleaner, and a processor. The photoconductive drum forms a toner image. The primary transfer belt comes in contact with the photoconductive drum and receives the toner image from the photoconductive drum. The secondary transfer counter roller moves the primary transfer belt. The secondary transfer roller presses a printing medium against the primary transfer belt to transfer the toner image on the primary transfer belt to the printing medium. The bias control circuit applies a bias to the secondary transfer roller. The belt cleaner is in contact with the primary transfer belt and removes attached matters from the primary transfer belt. When a printing operation is interrupted, a cleaning operation can be executed to remove residuals on the primary transfer belt.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt includes a surface layer with a solid lubricant added therein on an outer peripheral surface side in abutment with a photosensitive drum and a cleaning blade in a thickness direction. Further, the surface layer includes a plurality of grooves formed along a movement direction of the intermediate transfer belt in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt. The intermediate transfer belt including the grooves satisfies J×(1/K)×L×(Q/?P)/((Q/?P)+(100/?A))<240.