Abstract: A developer cartridge may include: a first gear having a small-diameter gear portion and a large-diameter gear portion; and a second gear including: a first columnar portion centered on a second axis; a second columnar portion having a smaller diameter than the first columnar portion; a first engagement portion extending along a portion of a peripheral surface of the first columnar portion and engageable with the small-diameter gear portion; a second engagement portion extending along a portion of a peripheral surface of the second columnar portion and positioned closer to a housing than the first engagement portion in an axial direction and engageable with the large-diameter gear portion; and a protruding portion protruding in the axial direction and rotatable together with the first engagement portion and the second engagement portion. The second engagement portion may engage the large-diameter gear portion after the first engagement portion engages the small-diameter gear portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a developer bearing member, a discharge unit, a stacking tray including a stacking surface on which the recording material is stacked, a replenishment port, a cover capable of moving between a closed position where the cover covers the replenishment port and constitutes at least part of the stacking surface and an open position where the cover exposes the replenishment port, and an information display unit for displaying information about a procedure for replenishing the developing container with the developer from the replenishment container.

Abstract: A method for anti-counterfeiting and identification of products includes manufacturing multiple marking units with different characteristics, performing an arrangement and combination operation on the marking units to design multiple arrangement marks that are not repeated, recording the arrangement marks to construct a record datebase, and setting each of the arrangement marks with the marking units on a target product such as a medicine. After the consumer purchases the target product, the photos of the target product and the record datebase are identified and compared to judge the authenticity of the target product.

Abstract: In an image forming system including an apparatus main-body and a control portion which controls a fixing operation, to the apparatus main-body, a first fixing unit including a first heater and a second fixing unit including a second heater, which is different from the first heater, can be selectively attached, and each of the first and second fixing units has an information processing portion which transmits data including identification information and temperature information related to a temperature detected by a temperature detection element to the control portion, and the control portion discriminates which of the first fixing unit and the second fixing unit, the fixing unit attached to the apparatus main-body is on the basis of the identification information from the information processing portion and controls the fixing operation by the fixing unit on the basis of the temperature information.

Abstract: A cartridge includes: a housing; a storage medium including an electrical contact surface; and a storage medium holder holding the storage medium and movable relative to the housing. The storage medium holder is positioned at one end portion of the housing in a first direction and includes: a first holder holding the electrical contact surface; a second holder positioned spaced away from the first holder in a second direction crossing the first direction; and an elastic member expandable and shrinkable in the second direction between the first holder and the second holder. The first holder has a first hole penetrating the first holder in the second direction. The first hole is positioned farther from the housing in the first direction than the second holder and the elastic member are from the housing in the first direction and is overlapped with the electrical contact surface as viewed in the second direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cartridge attachable to an image forming apparatus body, the cartridge including: a memory member storing information relating to the cartridge; and a supporting body having a memory mounting portion on which the memory member is mounted, the memory member having a first surface, a second surface, and a lateral surface, the first surface is provided with a contact portion connected to a body electrode portion of the body of the image forming apparatus when the cartridge is installed in the body of the image forming apparatus, the memory mounting portion has a first opposing portion opposing the second surface and a second opposing portion opposing the lateral surface when the memory member is mounted, the memory member is mounted by adhesive between the second surface and the first opposing portion and between the lateral surface and the second opposing portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a main body housing, a network interface for connecting to a network, a cartridge mountable to the main body housing and having a material or a component to be used for image formation in the image forming apparatus and a memory that stores contract information for permitting use of the cartridge in the image forming apparatus set to a contract mode, a communication unit for performing communication with using a mobile network different from the network, and a controller. The controller acquires the contract information from the memory, in a state where the cartridge is mounted to the main body housing, permits printing in the image forming apparatus using the cartridge based on the contract information, and transmits information about the image forming apparatus or the cartridge regarding the contract mode to a communication apparatus via the communication unit.

Abstract: There is provided a cartridge mountable on an image forming apparatus. The cartridge includes a recess portion provided on an exterior surface of the cartridge. The recess portion includes a character portion indicating a character trademark and a background portion serving as a background of the character portion. The character portion has a recess shape recessed from the background portion.

Abstract: A first acquisition section that acquires first information unique to the liquid discharge head and second information related to the liquid discharge device is included. A determination section that determines whether or not correspondence relationship between the first information and the second information is stored in the server in advance is included in the server. A second transmission section that transmits third information related to a determination result of the determination section from the server is included. A second reception section that receives the third information is included. A first notification section that makes, based on the third information, a first notification to outside is included.

Abstract: A developing cartridge includes: a casing; a developing roller extending in a first direction; a boss movable with the casing; and a first lever movable relative to the casing. The first lever includes: one end portion functioning as a point of effort; another end portion functioning as a point of load; a shaft functions as a fulcrum and positioned between the one end portion and the another end portion; and a first hole into which the boss is fitted. By the one end portion receiving a driving force, the first lever is pivotally movable about the shaft. A dimension of the first hole in a second direction crossing the first direction is greater than a dimension in the second direction of the boss. In a case where the casing moves in the second direction relative to the first lever, the boss moves in the second direction within the first hole.

Abstract: A developing device may include an auger or an agitator that is capable of supplying toner in a toner accommodation chamber to a developing chamber and is rotatable about an auger axis extending in an axial direction, a transporting gear that is rotatable together with the auger or the agitator, and a moving gear that is in mesh with a coupling gear and is rotatable both counterclockwise and clockwise. The moving gear is movable while being in mesh with the coupling gear between a first position where the moving gear is in mesh with the transporting gear and a second position where the moving gear is out of mesh with the transporting gear. The moving gear moves to the first position when the coupling gear rotates counterclockwise and to the second position when the coupling gear rotates clockwise.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a main unit, a main unit memory, a drum cartridge, a toner cartridge, and a controller. The main unit memory stores printer identification information. The drum cartridge including a drum memory that stores drum identification information. The toner cartridge including a toner memory that stores toner identification information. The controller is configured to store in the main unit memory the drum identification information stored in the drum memory and store in the drum memory the printer identification information stored in the main unit memory, if it determines that the drum cartridge installed in the main unit is new, and store in the main unit memory the toner identification information stored in the toner memory and store in the toner memory the drum identification information stored in the drum memory, if it determines that the toner cartridge installed in the main unit is new.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus a toner cartridge includes a toner memory storing toner identification information. The toner cartridge is detachably attachable to a drum cartridge. The drum cartridge includes a drum memory storing drum identification information. The drum cartridge is detachably attached to the main-body casing.

Abstract: A first memory stores type information and identification information. The type information indicates whether a consumable is a contract consumable or a normal consumable. The identification information is unique information for identifying the consumable. A replacement part is used in an image forming apparatus together with the consumable. The replacement part includes a second memory. A controller is configured to: determine whether a contract cancel instruction has been received, the contract cancel instruction being an instruction for cancelling contract for the image forming apparatus; in response to determining that the contract cancel instruction has been received, determine whether the type information is information indicating the contract consumable; and in response to determining that the type information is information indicating the contract consumable, store the identification information in the second memory.

Abstract: An anomaly detection device (IDS ECU) includes a detection rule generator that monitors a communication establishment frame flowing over Ethernet in a communication establishment phase of service-oriented communication and that generates, for each communication ID, a detection rule including the communication ID written in the communication establishment frame and a server (or client) address written in the communication establishment frame; an anomaly detector that monitors a communication frame flowing over the Ethernet in a communication phase of the service-oriented communication and that, by referring to a detection rule that includes a communication ID written in the communication frame, detects the communication frame as an anomalous frame when a server (or client) address written in the communication frame differs from a server (or client) address included in the detection rule; and an anomaly notifier that provides a notification of an anomaly in response to the anomalous frame being detected.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus configured to perform image formation using a component unit configured to be attachable to and detachable from a main body of the image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes: an access unit configured to access a storage device included in the component unit attached to the main body; and a control unit configured to control the access unit to read and update information stored in the storage device. The storage device includes a first area and a second area configured to store use information indicating a use state of the component unit, and updating of the use information stored in the first area by the control unit is configured such that updating only within a predetermined limit is permitted, and no limit is provided on updating of the use information stored in the second area.

Abstract: A customer replaceable unit monitor (CRUM) integrated circuit (IC) includes: a secure module configured to receive an encryption key and an encrypted test code from outside; and a CRUM module controlled by the secure module. The secure module may perform authorization on the basis of the received encryption key. The secure module may perform decryption of the encrypted test code to generate a decrypted test code. The secure module may store the decrypted test code in a volatile memory. The secure module may generate a test command based on the decrypted test code in the volatile memory, and provide the test command to the CRUM module.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a body of the image forming apparatus; an opening and closing unit that is supported by the body of the image forming apparatus so as to rotate relative to the body of the image forming apparatus and that opens and closes an inside of the body of the image forming apparatus, the opening and closing unit having a rotating shaft; a first coupling unit that has a first tube portion and a second coupling unit that has an extension portion a bent portion, and a second tube portion. When the opening and closing unit has been moved to an open position where the opening and closing unit opens the inside of the body of the image forming apparatus, a contact part at which the opening and closing unit is to be in contact with the second coupling unit is in contact with the bent portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cartridge attachable to an image forming apparatus body, the cartridge including: a memory member storing information relating to the cartridge; and a supporting body having a memory mounting portion on which the memory member is mounted, the memory member having a first surface, a second surface, and a lateral surface, the first surface is provided with a contact portion connected to a body electrode portion of the body of the image forming apparatus when the cartridge is installed in the body of the image forming apparatus, the memory mounting portion has a first opposing portion opposing the second surface and a second opposing portion opposing the lateral surface when the memory member is mounted, the memory member is mounted by adhesive between the second surface and the first opposing portion and between the lateral surface and the second opposing portion.

Abstract: A transfer belt unit mountable to and demountable from an apparatus main body of an image forming apparatus, the transfer belt unit including: a transfer belt being in contact with a photosensitive drum of a drum cartridge of the image forming apparatus in a state where the transfer belt unit is mounted to the apparatus main body, the transfer belt being configured to transfer a toner image on the photosensitive drum to a sheet conveyed between the photosensitive drum and the transfer belt and to convey the sheet conveyed between the photosensitive drum and the transfer belt toward a fixing unit of the image forming apparatus in the state where the transfer belt unit is mounted to the apparatus main body, and a belt memory in which information about the transfer belt unit is stored.

Abstract: A developer storage container includes a container body and a shape forming member. The developer storage container is attached to and detached from any one of three or more mounting portions provided to an image forming apparatus forming an image using a developer. The container body has a side wall portion formed in a mounting direction to the image forming apparatus. The shape forming member is attached to the side wall portion in a mode to correspond to any one of three mounting portions, forming a first non-compatible shape corresponding to this mounting portion.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to perform both judgment of necessity of maintenance of a circulation-type paper sheet storage device and the maintenance of the circulation-type paper sheet storage device in the same place. The paper sheet storage device is a paper sheet storage device attached to a paper sheet processing device having a storage function for receiving paper sheets transported thereto and storing the paper sheets in the paper sheet storage device and/or a feeding function for feeding paper sheets stored in the paper sheet storage device. The paper sheet storage device includes a memory unit that memorizes therein specific information to be updated according to storage or feed of paper sheets.

Abstract: Provided are an automatic reset method for a consumable chip and the consumable chip. The automatic reset method includes: in response to determining that an ink amount state is an ink-out state, entering an automatic reset state and shielding a printer command; turning off a core of the chip and shielding a printer dock command in the automatic reset state; entering a reset allowing state after shielding N groups of printer dock commands in the automatic reset state; and resetting ink amount data and turning on the core of the chip in the reset allowing state.

Abstract: There is provided a consumable supply method for supplying a refill consumable stored in a refill consumable container to a consumable container installable in an equipment body. The consumable supply method includes removing a refill information storage device storing information on the refill consumable from the refill consumable container; removing an information storage device storing information on a consumable contained in the consumable container, the information being for exchange with the equipment body, from the consumable container; and attaching the refill information storage device removed from the refill consumable container as an information storage device to the consumable container in place of the information storage device removed from the consumable container.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a main casing and a controller. A cartridge is to be attached to the main casing. The cartridge includes a memory stores usage status information indicating whether the cartridge is a new cartridge or an old cartridge which indicates a used product. The controller reads the usage status information stored in the memory in a case that attachment of the cartridge to the main casing is detected. The controller determines, based on the usage status information, whether the cartridge is the new cartridge or the old cartridge. The controller rewrites the usage status information to information indicating that the cartridge is the old cartridge in a case that the cartridge is determined to be the new cartridge. The rewriting is performed before the controller receives a print instruction and before the material or the part of the cartridge is consumed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises a main unit, a main unit memory, a drum cartridge, a toner cartridge, and a controller. The main unit memory stores printer identification information. The drum cartridge comprises a drum memory that stores drum identification information. The toner cartridge comprises a toner memory that stores toner identification information. The controller is configured to store in the main unit memory the drum identification information stored in the drum memory and store in the drum memory the printer identification information stored in the main unit memory, if it determines that the drum cartridge installed in the main unit is new, and store in the main unit memory the toner identification information stored in the toner memory and store in the toner memory the drum identification information stored in the drum memory, if it determines that the toner cartridge installed in the main unit is new.

Abstract: In one example, a non-transitory computer readable medium for component verification and revocation includes instructions for a processor to verify that a component in a device is valid using a verification service and consequently enable a premium service. The processor may later use information from the verification service that the component is no longer valid and consequently alter the premium service.

Abstract: A material cartridge includes a fresh label indicating material of the material cartridge includes previously unused material for fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) object and a reclaimed indicator of the material cartridge, the reclaimed indicator indicating material subsequently contained within the material cartridge is reclaimed material from fabrication of a previous 3D object, wherein the reclaimed indicator is located underneath the fresh label such that when the material of the material cartridge is depleted, the fresh label is removable to expose the reclaimed indicator.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and method for determining whether a toner refill apparatus is available are provided. The image forming apparatus includes a print engine to carry out a print job using a toner from a toner cartridge, a communication apparatus to communicate with a memory chip attached to a toner refill apparatus for refilling a toner in the toner cartridge, and a processor to identify whether the toner refill apparatus is available based on information stored in the memory chip of the toner refill apparatus.

Abstract: An example image forming apparatus may include a memory storing computer executable instructions and a processor. The processor may, by executing the computer executable instructions stored in the memory, determine whether a toner cartridge mounted in the image forming apparatus is genuine, and when it is determined that the toner cartridge is non-genuine, deactivate a user-defined application installed in the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus includes: a toner cartridge configured to accommodate toner; a drum cartridge for use with the toner cartridge; and a controller. The drum cartridge includes a photosensitive drum, and a drum memory storing a first type information indicating a type of the drum cartridge. The controller is configured to communicate with the drum memory. The controller is configured to perform: reading the first type information from the drum memory; and changing an operation of the image-forming apparatus based on the type indicated by the first type information.

Abstract: A cartridge detachably attachable to an apparatus body of an image forming apparatus that forms an image on a recording medium in which a memory unit is fixed by an inexpensive adhesive member that can control adhesion force. The cartridge includes: a memory; and a memory support member that supports the memory. The memory has a semiconductor device storing information related to a cartridge, a sealing material that protects the semiconductor device, and a cartridge electrical contact configured to be electrically connectable to a body electrical contact of the image forming apparatus body for transferring information on the semiconductor device to the image forming apparatus body. The sealing material and the memory support member contain the same type of a thermoplastic resin, the sealing material and the memory support member have bonding faces, and at least parts of the bonding faces are welded and fixed by a solvent.

Abstract: In one example method, a determination is made via a processor that a document is to be printed using a printer including a printhead assembly and a printhead accessory based on a received print job. A determination is made via the processor that a first portion of the document is to be printed by the printhead assembly and a second portion is to be printed by the printhead accessory based on a characteristic of the printhead accessory. The first portion of the document is printed via the printhead assembly and the second portion of the document is printed via the printhead accessory.

Abstract: A powder container includes a powder chamber for containing powder for forming images, a powder outlet formed in a face of the powder container, and a shutter assembly to open and close the powder outlet and including first and second shutters. The first shutter is movable between a sealing position to close the powder outlet and an open position to open the powder outlet and includes a pressed member to cancel retention of the first shutter at the sealing position. The second shutter includes a pressing projection that interferes with the pressed member of the first shutter and is movable between a shielding position to cover the pressed member without interference between the pressing projection and the pressed member and a releasing position to press the pressed member with the pressing projection.

Abstract: In a cartridge, a housing has a developer accommodating portion and includes a first side wall and a second side wall. A coupling member is disposed at a position opposite to the developer accommodating portion with respect to the first side wall. A detection body is disposed at a position opposite to the developer accommodating portion with respect to the second side wall. A first driving force transmission member is positioned at the same side with the coupling member with respect to the first side wall, and transmits driving force from the coupling member to a rotating member. A second driving force transmission member is positioned at the same side with the detection body with respect to the second side wall, and transmits driving force from the rotating member to the detection body.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developer container including a storage portion and a supplying inlet, a discharging portion configured to discharge a recording material in a discharging direction, a discharging outlet through which the recording material is discharged to an outside of the image forming apparatus, and a stacking portion which is a part of a top surface of an exterior of the image forming apparatus. The stacking portion includes a first area on which the recording material discharged from the discharging outlet is stacked, and a second area which is positioned outward with respect to the discharging outlet in a width direction orthogonal to the discharging direction. The supplying inlet is disposed at a position corresponding to the first area in the width direction. At least a part of the second area is positioned below the discharging outlet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a housing having an opening, a cover configured to openably close the opening, photosensitive drums, cartridges, a first motor and a controller. Each cartridge has a developing roller, a storage chamber configured to store toner, and an agitator configured to agitate the toner. The first motor is configured to rotate the agitators. The controller rotates the agitators by rotating the first motor when forming an image on a sheet. The controller determines whether a new cartridge is included in the plurality of cartridges in response to the image forming apparatus being turned on or in response to the cover being closed. In a case where a new cartridge is included, the controller stirs toner with the agitators by rotating the first motor. In a case where a new cartridge is not included, the controller does not stir the toner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a main casing, a cartridge, and a controller. The cartridge is attachable to the main casing. The cartridge includes a cartridge memory configured to store identification information. The controller is configured to perform a rewriting process to rewrite the identification information to information indicating that the cartridge is the normal cartridge, in a case where the controller receives a cancellation instruction to instruct to cancel the service contract and the identification information, which is stored in a cartridge memory of the cartridge attached to the main casing, indicates that the cartridge is the contract cartridge.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a controller, a drum cartridge and a toner cartridge. The controller is configured to perform determining a value of a first initial developing bias for a first toner cartridge based on a cumulative number of drum rotations that is stored in a drum memory of the drum cartridge at the time when the cumulative dot count stored in the toner memory of the first toner cartridge is equal to zero. After determining the first initial developing bias, the controller is configured to perform determining a value of a second initial developing bias for a second toner cartridge based on the cumulative number of drum rotations that is stored in the drum memory at the time when the cumulative dot count stored in the toner memory of the second toner cartridge is equal to zero.

Abstract: In a cartridge, a developing roller is configured to rotate around a first rotational axis extending in a predetermined direction and to carry developer thereon, the developing roller having a first end and a second end apart from each other in the predetermined direction, a from-first-to-second direction being defined along the predetermined direction as being directed from the first end to the second end. A developing electrode is formed of a conductive material and is configured to be electrically connected to the developing roller, the developing electrode including a main part and a protruding portion protruding from the main part in the from-first-to-second direction. A detection body is formed of an insulating material and is rotatably supported by the protruding portion, the detection body including a first opening that exposes part of the protruding portion and a covering portion covering part of the protruding portion.

Abstract: A replaceable unit is removably installable in an image forming device. The replaceable unit includes a rotatable input gear that is positioned to mate with an output gear of the image forming device. The replaceable unit includes an encoded member that is encoded with identifying information of the replaceable unit and that is operatively connected to the input gear such that rotation of the input gear causes movement of the encoded member. The replaceable unit includes an alignment guide on the exterior of the replaceable unit. The image forming device includes a sensor supported by a sensor housing. The alignment guide is positioned to contact and move the sensor housing during insertion of the replaceable unit into the image forming device to align the sensor with an exposed portion of the encoded member for reading the identifying information from the encoded member by the sensor.

Abstract: A toner container includes an encoded member that is encoded with identifying information of the toner container and that is operatively connected to an input gear of the toner container such that rotation of the input gear causes movement of the encoded member for communicating the identifying information to a sensor. A first alignment guide on the first side of the toner container includes a top surface that is unobstructed to contact a sensor housing from below when the toner container is installed in an image forming device. At least a portion of the top surface of the first alignment guide inclines upward and rearward for contacting and lifting the sensor housing upward during insertion of the toner container into the image forming device for aligning the sensor with an exposed portion of the encoded member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus body, a toner cartridge, a replaceable part, an apparatus body memory, and a controller. The replaceable part includes a replaceable part memory storing therein extended-use allowance-and-restriction information. The extended-use allowance-and-restriction information indicates one of allowance information and restriction information. The extended use is defined as use of the replaceable part even after the replaceable part exceeds the remaining life indicated by the life information stored in the apparatus body memory. The apparatus body memory stores life information indicating remaining life of the replaceable part. In a case where the controller determines that the extended-use allowance-and-restriction information indicates the restriction information, the controller is configured to restrict the extended use of the replaceable part.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a toner supplying portion including a first attachment portion; and a waste toner collecting portion including a second attachment portion. A toner container includes a positioning member and a compatible key. The first attachment portion includes a first engaging portion configured to position the toner container to a first attachment position. The second attachment portion includes a second engaging portion configured to position the toner container to a second attachment position. The first engaging portion and the positioning member are formed in a shape that allows the toner container of a type corresponding to the first attachment portion to be selectively attached to the first attachment portion. The second engaging portion is formed in a shape that allows the positioning member to be engaged with a toner container of any one of a plurality of types.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a print device is described. The print device includes multiple consumable components. Each consumable component includes a portion of a hardware-based identifier. At least one sensor of the print device reads multiple portions of the hardware-based identifier. A controller of the print device combines the multiple portions of the hardware-based identifier and verifies the hardware-based identifier to determine an authenticity of the multiple consumable components.

Abstract: A developing cartridge attachable to a drum cartridge includes: a casing configured to accommodate developing agent therein; a developing roller rotatable about a developing roller axis extending in the first direction; a developing memory; and an electrical contact surface. The developing roller is positioned at one end of the casing in a second direction crossing the first direction. The electrical contact surface positioned at one end in the first direction of the casing and electrically connected to the developing memory. In a state where the developing cartridge is attached to the drum cartridge, the electrical contact surface of the developing cartridge is positioned between the developing roller and an electrical contact surface of the drum cartridge in the second direction.

Abstract: A method for operating a printing material processing machine by using a computer includes acquiring print job parameters from print jobs for the printing material processing machine and machine parameters by using the computer, evaluating the acquired parameters to determine the machine state by using the computer, and requesting and providing fluid consumable materials for optimizing the operation of the machine on the basis of the determined machine state by using the computer. Maintenance measures carried out on the machine are optimized on the basis of the determined machine state, by using the computer.

Abstract: In an example, a print system is described and includes a supply interface to form electrical communication with a container of print fluid and a controller to retrieve data from a machine-readable medium coupled to the container, identify a container group identifier based on the retrieved data, and set a group flag based on a comparison of the container group identifier with data representing a group reference.

Abstract: The printing system includes a liquid supply container that stores a liquid; a printing device that receives a liquid supplied from the liquid supply container and performs printing; an imaging device that acquires image information including at least a part of the liquid supply container; an acquisition section that acquires reference information; a determination section that collates the image information with the reference information and determines whether or not the liquid is allowed to be supplied according to a collation result; and a control section that controls the printing device according to the determination.

Abstract: A developing cartridge includes: a casing; a developing roller; a developing electrode; a gear; a rack gear including a protrusion; and a cam having first and second cam surfaces. The rack gear meshes with the gear and is movable in a direction from one end toward another end of the casing. The cam is movable from a first position to a second position. The first cam surface of the cam at the first position contacts the protrusion, and causes the cam to move to the second position as the rack gear moves in the direction in a state where the first cam surface is in contact with the protrusion. A second cam surface moves the developing electrode in a direction away from the cam different from moving directions of the rack gear and the cam while contacting the developing electrode as the cam moves to the second position.