Abstract: An article including a cylindrical roller core; and a titanium dioxide ceramic layer bonded to the exterior of the cylindrical core.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a reservoir storing a supply of developer material including toner. A donor member is spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on an outer surface of the donor member to a region opposed from the imaging surface. A mag roll loads toner onto a region of the outer surface of the donor member. A charging device ion charges the toner loaded on the region of the donor member. An AC/DC voltage supply for biasing the donor member positioned in close proximity to the imaging member to detach toner from the donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image. A second charging device discharges and removes residual toner on the region of the donor and returning the toner to the reservoir.

Abstract: A low-friction single component development apparatus for developing electrostatic latent images on an image bearing surface is provided. It includes a sump containing a supply of developer material particles; a moveable donor member assembly including a donor member for transporting developer material particles through a development zone; a first combination of AC and DC biases for charging developer material particles in the sump resulting in charged developer material particles having a desired polarity and charge distribution; a second combination of AC and DC biases for providing fringe electric fields for depositing particles of the charged developer material particles onto the donor member; devices for forming a developer material cloud within the development zone for image development; and an electrostatic filtering zone located upstream of the development zone for electrostatically removing wrong-sign charged developer material particles from the donor member.

Abstract: An apparatus for non-interactive, dry powder development of electrostatic Images composed of solid areas and fine lines areas on an imageable surface including a housing containing developer material; a magnetic member, spaced a predefined distance from said image, for transporting said developer material from said housing to develop solid areas of said image, said magnetic roll including an magnetic core and a cylindrical sleeve enclosing and rotating about said magnetic core; and a resonating donor member, adjacent to said magnetic roll and spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member; an electrode positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member; a voltage supply for electrically biasing said electrode during a developing operation with an alternating current to detach marking particles from said resonating donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the develop

Abstract: An electrophotographic printing machine of the type in which an electrostatic latent image recorded on a charge retentive surface is developed with toner particles to form a visible image thereof. A Hybrid Scavengeless Development (HSD) developer housing designed to control toner emission by employing two internal capture[JMC16], external exhaust manifolds. The location of the two manifolds are placed above and below the upper and lower donor rolls respectively. The manifolds are mounted in position to improve emissions control as well as reductions in the flow needed to accomplish the task. The upper and lower manifolds are able to control the loose toner emitted by the housing and lower powder cloud, they cannot collect the toner released by the upper powder cloud. To prevent toner accumulation in the middle regions of the wire module, a manifold is incorporated as an integral part of the wire module frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a chamber for storing a supply of developer material including toner; a dispensing system for dispensing toner of a first color and toner of a second color into said housing; an air system for fuildizing and mixing toner of said first color and toner of said second color; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, said donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, said array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles to and from a development zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material comprising toner; a toner donor member spaced from the surface and being adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface; an electrode member spaced near the surface of a donor roll, said electrode member being electrically biased by a power supply to detach toner from said donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image; and a current signature analysis system, in communication with said power supply, for sampling an instant current signature being supplied to said electrode member; and a comparator, in communication with said current signature analysis system, for comparing said instant current signature to a plurality of preset fault signatures, said comparator including means for generating a message fault if the difference between said instant current signature to a plurality of preset fault signatures exceed a preset thresho

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including: a housing defining a chamber for storing a supply of developer material comprising toner; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to the electrode array, for generating a first electrodynamic wave pattern for moving toner particles along the surface of the electrode array to and from a development zone and generating a second electrodynamic wave to provide a fast oscillating-like toner motion along and perpendicular to the surface of the electrode array.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material, a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer material on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantially across the width of the surface of the donor member: a cascade loading member, spaced from the donor member, for cascading developer material at a predefined velocity onto the donor member; and a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to the electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern having at a phase velocity for moving developer material to and from a development zone.

Abstract: A printer, with printing width (PW), is provided, for printing toner image on a substrate, having a width (WS) and a length (LS), comprising a DEP printing engine, havinga toner delivery means, having a surface whereon charged toner particles are present for providing a flow of the toner particles from that surface to the substrate,a printhead structure with printing apertures and control electrodes, interposed in the flow of toner particles for image-wise controlling that flow, wherein:the toner delivery means comprises a number, n equal to or larger than 2, of toner applicator modules, each having a width, WTD, smaller than the printing width PW, and at least two of the number, n of toner applicator modules are positioned in a staggered configuration with respect to the substrate.Preferably the printing width of the printer is at least 40 cm.

Abstract: A pneumatically coupled sonic toner release development apparatus is provided for reliably and uniformly developing latent electrostatic images in a toner image reproduction machine using charged toner particles. The pneumatically coupled sonic toner release development apparatus includes a development housing defining a sump for holding developer material containing the charged toner particles; a developer material moving device mounted within the sump for transporting developer material within the sump; and a pneumatically coupled sonic toner release assembly including an acoustic transducer, a pneumatic coupling device connected to the acoustic transducer, and a pneumatic donor assembly connected to the pneumatic coupling device.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image, including: a donor member spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member; a donor voltage supply for electrically biasing said donor member, said donor voltage supply having a donor frequency at a first phase; an electrode positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member; an electrode voltage supply for electrically biasing said electrode during a developing operation with an alternating voltage to detach marking particles from said donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone, and developing the latent image with marking particles from the cloud, said electrode voltage supply uses frequency generation of the donor AC and wire AC modulation frequencies by integer division of the wire AC oscillator thereby minimizi

Abstract: An apparatus for developing in a development zone a latent image recorded on a surface, including; a housing defining a chamber storing at least a supply of toner therein. A donor roll disposed of at least partially in the chamber of said housing and spaced from the surface. The donor roll is adapted to rotate about a longitudinal axis to transport toner to the development zone in a region opposed from the surface. An elongated electrode member is mounted stationarily in the development zone and extending in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis. The electrode member includes a flexible thin sheet having a plurality of elongated wires with adjacent wires which are spaced from and substantially parallel to one another. The electrode member is positioned in the development zone and spaced between the surface and said donor roll.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, comprising, a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material; a donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer material on the surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, said donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof, said array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantial across width of the surface of the donor member; means for loading developer material onto said donor member, a multi-phase voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern having at a phase velocity for moving developer material to and from a development zone; and an AC voltage source operatively coupled to said electrode array, for applying an AC voltage in said development zone between the donor member and said imaging surface.

Abstract: A process including:mixing toners in a fluidized bed;electrostatically loading the resulting toner mixture onto a donor roll;ion charging the resulting layer of toner on the donor roll; anddeveloping a latent image with the resulting charged toner layer on the donor roll member, wherein the color characteristics of the resulting developed color images encompass substantially the entire PANTONE.RTM. color space.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image. A donor member is spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member. An electrode is positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member. A voltage supply is provided for electrically biasing the electrode during a developing operation with an alternating current bias to detach marking particles from the donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone, and developing the latent image with marking particles from the cloud. The voltage supply periodically electrically biases the electrode during a cleaning operation with a direct current bias and with a alternating current bias so that toner is effectively removed from the wire. The bias levels are chosen to reduce field induced redeposition of right or wrong sign toner.

Abstract: An electrostatic sonic toner release (electrostatic STORE) development apparatus, and a multicolor image reproduction machine including such a development apparatus are provided for creating toner images with reduced development fields. The electrostatic sonic toner release (electrostatic STORE) development apparatus includes a development housing defining a sump for holding developer material containing the toner particles; developer moving assembly mounted within the sump for transporting developer material within the sump; and a donor assembly mounted partially within the sump for receiving toner particles from the developer moving assembly, and for transporting the toner particles through a development nip of the reproduction machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including a housing defining a reservoir storing a supply of developer material including toner. A mag roll loads a toner layer onto a region of said outer surface of said donor member. A donor member, spaced from the imaging surface, moves toner on an outer surface of said donor member to a development zone opposed from the imaging surface. A shield, adjacent to said donor member and said development zone, said shield being electrical biased to generate a toner cloud between said shield and said donor member which said toner cloud releases to the development zone to develop the latent image, in response to the movement of toner on the outer surface of said donor member.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, including: a housing defining a reservoir storing a supply of developer material wherein the developer material having predefined triboelectric charge about 20 to 30 microCoulombs/gram. A donor member is mounted partially in the housing and spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting toner on an outer surface of the donor member to a region opposed from the imaging surface. An electrode member is disposed in between the donor member and the imaging surface. A system is provided for loading a region of the doner member with developer material. A charging device ion charges the toner loaded on the region of the donor member to a predefined charge level. A power supply electrically biases the electrode member positioned in close proximity to the imaging member to detach toner from the region of the donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to obtain a multicolor image formation device wherein the defect of an image caused in switching developing machines and others can be prevented. A yellow latent image is formed by scanning a light beam on a photoconductor drum and developing is started by a developing machine for yellow. A developed yellow toner image is transferred on an intermediate transfer belt. Even if the transfer of the yellow toner image is finished, the developing machine for yellow is held a state opposite to the photoconductor drum. The developing machine for yellow is switched to a developing machine for magenta immediately before the scanning of a light beam corresponding to next magenta is started. Therefore, the defect of an image due to the effect of oscillation in switching the developing machines can be prevented.

Abstract: Operation of a developer so as to achieve reduced scavenging and reduced direct contamination when using a hybrid developer. A hybrid developer is operated in three modes. The first mode is normal operation in which the developer operates as in the prior art. The second mode is an unloaded standby mode wherein toner is not on the developer's donor roll and wherein the developer's bias potentials are selected to reduce scavenging. The third mode is a loaded standby mode wherein toner is on the developer's donor roll and wherein the developer's bias potentials are selected to reduce direct contamination.

Abstract: Controllably conductive polymer compositions may be used in electrophotographic imaging developing systems, such as scavengeless or hybrid scavengeless systems or liquid image development systems. The conductive polymer compositions includes a charge-transporting material (particularly a charge-transporting, thiophene-containing polymer or an inert elastomeric polymer, such as a butadiene- or isoprene-based copolymer or an aromatic polyether-based polyurethane elastomer, that additionally comprises charge transport molecules) and a dopant capable of accepting electrons from the charge-transporting material. The invention also relates to an electrophotographic printing machine, a developing apparatus, and a coated transport member, an intermediate transfer belt, and a hybrid compliant photoreceptor comprising a composition of the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing an composition coating including a polyimide or epoxy resin, an optional lubricant and metal compound selected from the group consisting of chromium (III) oxide, zinc oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, chromium sulfate and cadmium sulfide on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image, including an image receiving member moving at a predetermined process speed. A donor member is spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member. An electrode is positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member. A voltage supply to electrically bias the electrode during a developing operation with an alternating current, to detach marking particles from the donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone, and developing the latent image with marking particles from the cloud. A modulator, responsive to the predetermined process speed, controls a modulation rate of the voltage supply to minimize harmonic resonant vibrations of the electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface, including; a housing defining a chamber storing at least a supply of toner therein; a donor member spaced from the surface and adapted to transport toner from the chamber of the housing to a development zone adjacent the surface; a plurality of electrodes longitudinally disposed on the donor member; and a commutator brush contacting the electrodes along a portion of the circumference of the donor member, said commutator brush including means for generating pneumatic force to move said commutator brush into contact with the electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneously fluidizing, charging and loading toner onto a donor member in one step using a corona device which is enclosed and separate from the toner supply. An ion-air stream emanating from this charging device also directs the charged toner onto the donor. The system includes a housing for containing toner particles; a donor member, mounted in said housing, for transporting charged toner particles on the surface said donor member to a development zone adjacent to said image bearing member; a loading system for loading said donor member with charged toner particles, said loading system includes blower for generating an air stream for fluidizing toner particles and charging device for charging said air stream.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing toner charge level in a hybrid scavengeless development system. The system includes a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material including toner; a toner donor member spaced from the surface and being adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface; A mag roll conveys the developer material in the chamber of the housing onto a region of the donor member; A charging device ion charges the toner loaded on the region of the donor member; and an electrode member space near the surface of the donor member being electrically biased by a power supply to detach toner from the donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image, including: a drive mechanism for moving the surface of the image receiving member at a predetermined process speed. A donor member is spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member. A plurality of wires having a predefined tension are positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member. A voltage supply to electrically bias the plurality of wires during a developing operation with an alternating current, to detach marking particles from the donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone, and developing the latent image with marking particles from the cloud.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus that develops a latent image recorded on a surface with toner. An electrically biased electrode member in the development zone between the photoconductive member and the donor roll detaches toners from the donor roll so as to form a toner powder cloud in the development zone. The electrical bias applied on the donor member is an asymmetrical wave. Toner from the toner powder cloud develops the latent image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing ghosting defect, which appears as a lightened ghost image of a previously developed image in a halftone or solid. The defect is due to the different characteristics of the toner that has been reloaded into the recently detoned areas of the donor roll from that toner which has remained on the donor and passed through the reload nip a number of times. A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image, comprising: means for moving the surface of the image receiving member at a predetermined process speed. A donor member is spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member. A housing is provided defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material comprising toner. The donor member is biased to a first predefined potential.

Abstract: A development apparatus according to the invention comprises at least two developer carrier members in juxtaposition for transporting a developer material to a development region between the developer carrier members and an image bearing member in opposed relation. An AC voltage applying device is adapted to apply AC voltages to the respective developer carrier members thereby applying AC electric fields to the respective gaps between the developer carrier members and the image bearing member based on an active period to apply the AC electric field and an inactive period to apply no AC electric field. When one of the adjacent developer carrier members is subject to the active period, the other developer carrier member is subject to the inactive period.

Abstract: Interdigitated electrodes on a donor roll enable uncharged toner to be picked up from a fluidized bed reservoir. This layer of toner is subsequently charged by exposure to a corona device and delivered to a development zone, where it is used to develop an electrostatic latent image. Residual toner on the donor is neutralized by exposure to a second corona device and then stripped for return to the fluidized bed by applying an AC voltage between adjacent donor electrodes. So-called ion charging of the toner is known to cause the particles to have low adhesion, allowing development with DC fields alone. Optionally, an AC voltage can also be applied to adjacent donor electrodes in the development zone to enhance particle release. In addition to providing a means to impart adequate flow to the toner in this single component development system, the fluidized bed reservoir, in conjunction with ion charging, also provides a means for blending dry powder toners to achieve custom color development.

Abstract: An apparatus for transporting charged particles in a predetermine path which includes a donor member that is adapted to move charged particles on the surface thereof in the predetermined path. The donor member includes an electrode array on the outer surface thereof; the array including a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantially across width of the surface of the donor member. A multi-phase DC voltage source is operatively coupled to the electrode array, the phase being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electrodynamic wave pattern capable of moving charged particles on the surface thereof in the predetermined path.

Abstract: An apparatus for powder cloud development of an electrostatic image in which a donor roll advances toner to a development zone adjacent the image, and in which precipitating electric fields are provided at the entrance and exit of the development zone to redeposit undeveloped toner onto the surface of the doner member, whereby unwanted airborne emissions of toner are substantially reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing a composition coating including a polymer, lubricant and inorganic material, on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: Electrographic printing apparatus for forming a toner image on a recording medium, includes a magnetic brush having a rotatable magnetic core and a stationary outer shell. A developer supply supplies a magnetic developer powder including toner to the magnetic brush. A print head is located on the outer shell of the magnetic brush. The print head includes microchannels or magnetic strips for forming a plurality of parallel lines of developer, and transfer electrodes for selectively transferring toner from two or more locations within each line to a receiver moving relative to the print head. The parallel lines of developer are arranged at an angle with respect to the direction of movement of the receiver, thereby effectively increasing the resolution of the print head in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the receiver. A receiver electrode is arranged in spaced relation to the transfer electrodes to define a recording region through which the receiver is moved.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus with a photosensitive unit 100A which is rotatably structured, having a transparent conductive layer 2, a photoconductive layer 3, and a porous insulating screen 4 with an electrode layer 5 on its top surface which are sequentially stacked on a transparent substrate. An electric field is applied between the transparent conductive layer 2 and the electrode layer 5. Therefore, when a light is irradiated to the photoconductive layer 3 via the transparent layer 2, a photoconductive phenomenon takes place. The electrode layer 5 has a potential so that the conductive particles returns to an electrode member 11. The electrode member 11 for holding conductive color particles on its surface is opposite to the photosensitive unit 100A with a gap between. The conductive particles filled between the porous insulating screen 4 are transferred to a record medium.

Abstract: An acoustic scavengeless assist (ASA) development apparatus, and a multicolor image reproduction machine including such a development apparatus. The (ASA) development apparatus includes a biased vibratory section having a piezoelectric member and a donor member, as well as, a development electrode section, for presenting toner particles to latent electrostatic images for image development. The donor member is positioned within the reproduction machine and forms a development nip with a latent image bearing surface of a photoreceptor of the reproduction machine. Importantly, the biased vibratory section has at least a first conductive electrode formed therein adjacent to the piezoelectric member for effecting controlled vibratory toner release from the donor member, and a first bias for biasing the at least first conductive electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing an inorganic coating on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing an organic coating on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus by providing a composite coating on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: Non-magnetic toner in a fluidized bed is charged by at least one corona wire extending through the bed, the non-magnetic toner surrounding the wire in the fluidized bed. In order to prevent build up of insulating particles on the corona wire (which leads to a change in electric field gradient and eventually adversely impacts on the uniformity of the image applied to the substrate with the toner) is substantially precluded by vibrating the wire to shake toner particles off the wire. Vibration is accomplished at spaced points in time, such as by utilizing a rod having an irregular (e.g. substantially sinusoidal shaped) surface and by reciprocating the rod to cause the irregular surface to engage the wire and cause a quick rise and release thereof, so that the wire goes through a wide series of frequencies when vibrating. The rod may be reciprocated by a pneumatic cylinder, and may be of stainless steel having a substantially circular cross section with a diameter between about 0.02-0.04 inches.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing accumulation of toner from the surface of an electrode member in a development unit of an electrostatographic printing apparatus which includes providing a low surface energy coating on at least a portion of the electrode member.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface is disclosed. The apparatus includes a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material comprising toner. The toner donor member spaced from the surface and being adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface. A magnetic brush conveys the developer material in the chamber of said housing onto said donor member. An electrode member near the surface of a donor roll is electrically biased to detach toner from said donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image. A vibration system, operatively coupled to said donor member vibrates toner on the surface of the donor member, said vibration system coacting with said electrode member to detach toner from said donor member.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface, comprising a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material comprising toner a porous toner donor member spaced from the surface and being adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the imaging surface; and means for conveying said developer material in the chamber of said housing onto said donor member.

Abstract: A donor roll for transporting marking particles to an electrostatic latent image recorded on a surface is provided. The donor roll includes a rotatably mounted body and an electrode member mounted on the body. The donor roll further includes a magnetically permeable core external to the body. The core rotates with the body. The core is composed of a plurality of wires. The donor roll further includes an electrically conductive material positioned on the core. The material is electrically connected to the electrode member.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface, the apparatus includes a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material including toner; a toner donor member spaced from the surface and being adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface; a magnetic brush for conveying the developer material in the chamber of the housing onto the donor member; and a rigid planar porous electrode member spaced near the surface of a donor roll, the electrode member being electrically biased to detach toner from the donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of toner. A toner donor member is spaced from the image bearing surface and adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface. A charging device is disposed in the chamber for ion charging the toner. A vibrational driver fluidizes the toner in the chamber. The vibrational driver and a transport member cooperate with one another to define a region wherein a substantially constant quantity of toner having a substantially constant ion charge is deposited on the transport member. The toner is electrostatically transferred from the transport member to the donor member which contains an AC biased self spaced electrode structure so as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image in an image on image process.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of toner. A toner donor member is spaced from the image bearing surface and adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface. A charging device is disposed in the chamber for ion charging the toner. An air injection system fluidizes the toner in the chamber. The injection system and a transport member cooperate with one another to define a region wherein a substantially constant quantity of toner having a substantially constant ion charge is deposited on the transport member. The toner is electrostatically transferred from the transport member to the donor member which contains interdigitated electrodes positioned near the surface of a dielectric core roll. An AC voltage is applied between the interdigitated electrodes to detach toner from the donor member so as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image in an image on image process.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a surface, including a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material including toner and carrier beads. A toner donor member is spaced from the surface and is adapted to transport toner to a region opposed from the surface. A magnetic roller conveys the toner material in the chamber of the housing onto the donor member. An electrode member is spaced near the surface of a donor roll, the electrode member electrically biased by a power supply to detach toner from the donor member as to form a toner cloud for developing the latent image. A power supply controller, in communication with the power supply, is adapted to adjust the electrode member electrical biasing to avoid air breakdown induced contamination of the electrode member with toner.