Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section, a controller, and storage. The storage stores therein a coverage rate of a past image specified by a past print job. The controller includes a determining section and a first calculating section. When a new print job is received, the determining section determines whether or not to perform a running-in operation by comparing a coverage rate of a new image specified by the new print job to the coverage rate of the past image stored in the storage. The first calculating section calculates an amount of toner to be supplied from a developing section to a photosensitive drum based on the coverage rate of the new image. The running-in operation is to supply the toner in the amount calculated by the first calculating section from the developing section to the photosensitive drum before the new image is formed on a sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner cartridge, a developer, and a processor. The toner cartridge includes an accommodation container accommodating toner and a memory storing a first toner residual amount display threshold value. The developer performs development by the toner supplied from the toner cartridge. The processor calculates a second toner residual amount display threshold value based on a toner supply index, indicating an amount of the toner supplied to the developer from at least one toner cartridge used before a toner cartridge mounted on the image forming apparatus, and the first toner residual amount display threshold value. The processor outputs notification relating to a toner residual amount when a toner supply index indicating an amount of toner supplied to the developer from the toner cartridge mounted on the image forming apparatus exceeds the second toner residual amount display threshold value.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing section, storage, a first calculation section, a comparing section, and an executing section. The developing section develops an electrostatic latent image with toner. The storage stores coverage rates. The first calculation section calculates a first coverage rate and a second coverage rate. The comparing section compares the first coverage rate with the second coverage rate. The first coverage rate includes one or more coverage rates stored earlier in the storage than the second coverage rate. The second coverage rate includes coverage rates of a specified number of latest images individually formed on a specified number of sheets. A running-in operation is driving the developing section. The executing section executes the running-in operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image holding unit that holds an image that is formed of a developer, the image being intended to be transferred onto a medium, and an image that is not intended to be transferred onto a medium, a transfer unit that transfers the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium onto a medium, and a forming unit that forms, upon receiving a print instruction to form the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium onto the image holding unit, the image that is not intended to be transferred onto a medium at a position on the image holding unit where the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium is to be formed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus body, an image carrier, a developing device, a toner container, a container cover, a driver, a lock mechanism and a lock restricting portion. The lock mechanism is switched to a locking state for locking the container cover in a closed state and an unlocking state for causing the container cover to transition from the closed state to the open state. The lock restricting portion obstructs a state change of the lock mechanism from the unlocking state to the locking state if the container cover is not attached to the apparatus body.

Abstract: A developer storage level detecting device includes: a main body having a transporting path through which a developer is transported; a developer transporting unit that is disposed to rotate in the transporting path and has a transporting section provided spirally around a rotating shaft; a swingable member that comes in contact with a surface of the developer being transported in the transporting path and swings while following at least a level of the surface of the developer stored; and a detecting unit that detects a swing state of the swingable member, wherein the transporting unit has a non-transporting section without the transporting section, and the swingable member is disposed to swing in the non-transporting section.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a supply unit and a control unit. The supply unit supplies a recording agent to a storage unit from a recording agent cartridge. The control unit is configured to at least one of (i) estimate a discharged amount of the recording agent discharged from the recording agent cartridge to form an image based on (a) a running amount of the supply unit used to form the image and (b) an additive characteristic of the additive added to the recording agent or (ii) estimate a supply amount to be discharged from the recording agent cartridge by the supply unit to form the image based on (a) the running amount of the supply unit necessary to form the image and (b) the additive characteristic of the additive added to the recording agent, and cause the supply unit to run based on the supply amount.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a notification portion configured to notify replenishment information for prompting replenishing a developing container with developer in a case where an index is equal to or larger than a preset threshold value. The index is set such that the index increases in accordance with rotation of the developer bearing member and decreases in accordance with replenishment of the developing container with the developer. An amount of increase of the index per predetermined amount of rotation of the developer bearing member is larger in a case where an amount of the developer in the developing container is smaller. An amount of decrease of the index according to the replenishment of the developing container with the developer is larger in a case where an amount of replenished developer is larger.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes a photosensitive drum; a developing roller; a developer supplying roller, provided in contact with the developing roller; a driving force receiving portion provided at a shaft end of the supplying roller; a first driving force transmitting portion; a second driving force transmitting portion; flexible sheets provided adjacent to an engaging portion between the first portion and the second portion to intermittently contact the second portion with rotation of the second portion, wherein a rotational direction of the roller is opposite to that of the roller, and a peripheral speed of the roller is larger than that of the roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit, a sensor, and a controller. The image forming unit is configured to form a toner image on an image carrier based on image data and transfer the toner image on the image carrier onto a sheet. The sensor is positioned to measure an amount of toner on the image carrier before or after transfer of the toner image onto the sheet. The controller is configured to determine a remaining amount of toner that is discarded or wasted based on the measured amount.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; a developing device; a developer storage; a supplier configured to supply developer; an optical sensor; and a controller configured to execute: a developing process of developing an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a usage-amount obtaining process of obtaining a usage amount of the developer; a supplying process of supplying the developer to the developing device every time when the obtained usage amount becomes equal to or greater than a first threshold; and a detecting process of detecting, by the optical sensor, an amount of the developer in the developing device every time when the obtained usage amount becomes equal to or greater than a second threshold larger than the first threshold, and wherein the controller is configured to execute the detecting process in a period different from a period in which the developing process is being executed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing section, storage, a first calculation section, a comparing section, and an executing section. The developing section contains toner and develops an electrostatic latent image with the toner. The storage stores coverage rates. The first calculation section calculates a first coverage rate and a second coverage rate. The comparing section compares the first coverage rate with the second coverage rate. The executing section executes a running-in operation based on a result of comparison by the comparing section. The first coverage rate includes one or more coverage rates stored earlier in the storage than the second coverage rate. The second coverage rate includes coverage rates of a specified number of latest images individually formed on the specified number of sheets. The running-in operation is driving the developing section.

Abstract: Let V1 be a potential difference between a photosensitive member charged by a charging member to which a second charging voltage is applied in a preparation process and a developing member to which a developing voltage is applied. Let V2 be a potential difference between the photosensitive member charged by the charging member to which a first charging voltage is applied in an image forming process and the developing member. Given this definition, a relation of |V1|<|V2| is satisfied.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes a printer unit that includes a driving member related to the supply of the developer, a storage unit that stores correction information regarding the correction of a supplied amount of the developer and a remaining amount of the developer, and a control unit. The control unit acquires driving information regarding the driving of the driving member. The control unit acquires the correction information in accordance with the remaining amount of the developer and estimates the remaining amount of developer based on the driving information and the correction information when the remaining amount of the developer stored in the storage unit satisfies a predetermined condition regarding the remaining amount, and estimates the remaining amount of the developer based on the driving information when the remaining amount of the developer stored in the storage unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition.

Abstract: A remaining toner amount detecting apparatus detects a remaining toner amount in a toner bottle. The remaining toner amount detecting apparatus includes at least one pair of electrodes that are configured to face each other with the toner bottle interposed between the electrodes; a first estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount based on a capacitance between the electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes; a second estimator configured to estimate the remaining toner amount by counting a number of pixels in a printed image; and an estimation selector configured to use either one of the first estimator or the second estimator to output the remaining toner amount, based on a temperature or a humidity inside an apparatus in which the toner bottle is mounted.

Abstract: A system and method for determining print cartridge authenticity in a printer includes an electrostatic process unit with a photoconductive drum configured to selectively generate a toner pattern from an associated toner cartridge based at least in part on electronic data associated with the toner cartridge. A transfer belt receives the toner pattern from the photoconductive drum and a sensor sensing the toner pattern on the transfer belt. A processor compares the toner pattern with a sensed toner pattern and generates an error condition when the toner pattern does not substantially match the sensed toner pattern. The toner includes an infrared reflective additive or an ultraviolet fluorescing additive and the sensor is configured to sense in the infrared or ultraviolet frequencies. The processor is configured to generate an error condition when the additive is not sensed by the sensor.

Abstract: A replenishment system includes a rotator, a path, and an accumulator. The rotator is disposed above a transport path along which a developer is transported and below a replenishment path for toner. The rotator rotates about an axis extending in a transport direction of the transport path while holding the developer. The path is provided downstream of the replenishment path in a rotation direction of the rotator, along a part of an outer circumference of the rotator. The path allows the toner from the replenishment path to move therealong in the rotation direction to the transport path. The accumulator is provided in an area including the path and extending from the path outward in a radial direction of the rotator. The accumulator accumulates the developer shifted upward from the transport path.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; an exposing device configured to expose the photoconductor and form an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a developing device including a developing roller configured to form a developer image on the photoconductor; a transfer device configured to transfer the developer image to a sheet; a developer storage storing developer; a supplier configured to supply the developer from the developer storage to the developing device; a sheet feeder configured to convey the sheet toward the transfer device; a sheet sensor configured to detect the sheet conveyed toward the transfer device; and a controller, wherein the controller is configured to start a supplying process of supplying, by the supplier, the developer to the developing device before formation of the electrostatic latent image corresponding to the sheet is started, based on a signal indicating that the sheet sensor has detected the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing device configured to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member, a rotatable developer accommodating container dismountably mounted in the image forming apparatus and configured to accommodate a developer, and a mounting portion including a receiving portion for receiving the developer discharged from the container and configured to mount the container. A cover is configured to open and close the mounting portion, and a rotation detecting portion is configured to detect rotation of the container mounted at the mounting portion. In addition, a display portion displays information, and a controller controls the display portion so that information on the rotation of the container is displayed at the display portion in a case that when the cover is open, with the rotation detecting portion detecting a predetermined amount of the rotation of the container.

Abstract: A developer container includes: an accommodating portion which has a first frame and a second frame and is configured to accommodate a developer; and a conductive sheet. The second frame has a joining surface for joining the second frame to the conductive sheet, the first frame and the second frame share an uneven fitting portion where the first frame and the second frame fit with each other in a direction of intersecting the joining surface, the uneven fitting portion has a contact face where the first frame and the second frame are being in contact with each other, a gap is formed by the first frame, the second frame and the conductive sheet, and the contact face is a face facing the gap and being disposed in a direction along the joining surface.

Abstract: In one example, method includes displaying an estimate of the number of pages that can be printed from a total amount of printing fluid including a printing fluid supply and a printing fluid reserve. The estimate is decremented in amounts of a first interval, in response to a first sensor signal indicating that the printing fluid supply is not empty. The estimate is decremented in amounts of a second interval that is smaller than the first interval, in response to a second sensor signal indicating that the printing fluid supply is empty.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes developer accommodating containers, mounting portions for the respective containers, a switching portion, and a manually operable cover. In a stand-by state after exchange of one of the developer accommodating containers is prompted, the switching portion switches a state of the container from a non-accessible state to an accessible state with opening of the cover. In a case that a jam occurrence signal is ON after the exchange of the developer accommodating container mounted in the mounting portion is prompted, the switching portion maintains the non-accessible state without switching from the non-accessible state to the accessible state at the time of the opening of the cover.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a toner cartridge, a developer, and a processor. The toner cartridge includes an accommodation container accommodating toner and a memory storing a first toner residual amount display threshold value. The developer performs development by the toner supplied from the toner cartridge. The processor calculates a second toner residual amount display threshold value based on a toner supply index, indicating an amount of the toner supplied to the developer from at least one toner cartridge used before a toner cartridge mounted on the image forming apparatus, and the first toner residual amount display threshold value. The processor outputs notification relating to a toner residual amount when a toner supply index indicating an amount of toner supplied to the developer from the toner cartridge mounted on the image forming apparatus exceeds the second toner residual amount display threshold value.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes a printer unit and a control unit. The printer unit forms an image on a sheet using a developer, and includes a predetermined driving member related to supply of the developer. The control unit acquires driving information regarding continuous driving of the driving member, acquires correction information regarding on correction of an amount of the developer used in accordance with the driving information, and estimates a remaining amount of the developer on the basis of the driving information and the correction information.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing device that forms a toner image on a sheet; a supply device provided with a cartridge for accommodating toner and supplying the toner in the cartridge to the developing device; a sensor that acquires a physical quantity relating to an amount of toner in the developing device; a timer that counts time; and a controller that drives the supply device until a condition that the acquired physical quantity indicates that the amount of toner is equal to or greater than a predetermined value is satisfied when a condition that the physical quantity indicates that the amount of toner becomes small is satisfied, counts time during which the supply device is being driven with the timer, and determines that the amount of toner in the cartridge becomes smaller than a predetermined amount if the counted time is longer than a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: Provided is a locking mechanism in which when the urging force of an urging member is larger than the magnetic force of a magnet in the non-excited state, a plunger can be held at a first position, and when the urging force of the urging member is smaller than the magnetic force of the magnet in the non-excited state, the plunger can be held at a second position.

Abstract: A system is disclosed. The system at least one physical memory device to store ink estimation logic and one or more processors coupled with the at least one physical memory device, to execute the ink estimation logic to generate first estimated ink usage data for each of one or more color planes based one or more gray level histograms and one or more halftone designs, detect a change to a tone curve of one or more of the color planes, modify the gray level histograms and generate second estimated ink usage data for each of the color planes based on the modified gray level histograms, wherein each gray level histogram corresponds to one of the one or more color planes and each halftone design corresponds to one of the one or more color planes.

Abstract: A developer container according to an embodiment includes: a container having a space that contains a developer; an optical system includes a first optical member including first end face exposed to a containing space in the container and a second optical member including a second end face exposed to the containing space and being opposed to the first end face in a first direction, and on which the light is incident through the second end face; a shaft provided in the containing space to be rotatable about the first direction; a cleaning member provided to the shaft to be movable in the first direction to clean the first and second end faces by passing through a gap with a rotation of the shaft; and a guide member provided upstream of the optical system and that comes into contact with the cleaning member to guide the cleaning member to a gap.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a controller to control a driving device such that a rotational speed of a supplying and feeding screw when it is rotated a predetermined number of times to supply developer to a developing device in a predetermined amount during execution of a continuous image forming job on a plurality of first recording materials is a first rotational speed, and a rotational speed of the supplying and feeding screw when it is rotated the predetermined number of times to supply the developer in the predetermined amount during execution of a continuous image forming job on a plurality of second recording materials is a second rotational speed slower than the first rotational speed. The second recording materials have a length longer than the first recording materials with respect to a sub-scan direction.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer container, a developer carrier, first and second stirring/transporting members, a driving motor, first and second magnetic permeability sensors, and a control portion. The first magnetic permeability sensor is arranged in a first conveying chamber in the developer container, in a region other than a part facing a communication portion and senses the toner concentration in developer in the developer container. The second magnetic permeability sensor is arranged in a second conveying chamber in the developer container, in a region between a regulating portion and a downstream end of the developer carrier in the second direction. The control portion controls the supply amount of developer based on the output value of the first magnetic permeability sensor, and calculates the stable volume of developer in the developer container based on the difference between the output values of the first and second magnetic permeability sensors.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an inner cover, an outer cover, a first pressing portion, and a restricting portion. The inner cover is opened and closed for a developer storage portion storing developer to be attached or detached. The outer cover is made of resin and provided on an outer side of the inner cover, and opened and closed in a same direction as the inner cover. The first pressing portion is provided on the outer cover and, when the outer cover is closed in a state where the inner cover is opened, comes into contact with and presses the inner cover in a closing direction. When the inner cover is closed, the restricting portion is engaged with the inner cover at a lock position located on an upstream side of a predetermined closing position of the inner cover in the closing direction, and restricts opening of the inner cover.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes lock mechanisms, a regulation processing portion, and a second release processing portion. The lock mechanisms correspond to attachment portions to each of which a developer storage portion is attached, and each regulate detachment of a developer storage portion attached to an attachment portion. When a first state where developer storage portions of a specific type are attached to all the attachment portions, has been detected, and there is a lock mechanism that is not regulating detachment, the regulation processing portion causes the lock mechanism to regulate detachment of the developer storage portion. When a second state where a developer storage portion of the specific type has not been attached to at least one attachment portion, has been detected, and all the lock mechanisms are regulating detachment, the second release processing portion causes all the lock mechanisms to release regulation of detachment.

Abstract: A base toner amount is determined without taking edge effect into account, and corresponds to a pixel value of image data for which gradation correction has not been performed. For the base toner amount, a first spatial filter process is performed corresponding to a laser profile of the exposure device. A second spatial filter process is performed for the base toner amount before or after the first spatial filter process and thereby an edge emphasis amount is determined corresponding to the edge effect. A limiter processing unit limits the edge emphasis amount to an uppermost value or less, and the uppermost value corresponds to the base toner amount after the first spatial filter process. A toner counter counts as a toner consumption amount a sum of the base toner amount after the first spatial filter process and the edge emphasis amount.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first controller having an image processor that performs image processing on image data, the first controller configured to determine a first statistic value based on the image data, and output the first statistic value; an obtaining unit configured to obtain the image data; an image forming unit configured to form, based on the image data, an image by using toner; a supply unit configured to supply toner to the image forming unit; and a second controller configured to control the supply unit based on the first statistic value. In a case where the first statistic value is not outputted by the first controller in a predetermined period, the second controller controls the supply unit based on a second statistic value, the second statistic value being determined based on the image data.

Abstract: A developer container is manufactured in which, in molding, a recess is disposed in an area in which a confluence in which first resin poured from a first inlet and second resin poured from a second inlet merge is formed.

Abstract: Provided is a consumables discharge device that discharges toner via an image carrier and an intermediate transfer body including a patch forming unit that forms a patch in a patch printing region to be formed on the intermediate transfer body via the image carrier by using the toner discharged from a developer tank after adjusting a range of the patch printing region in one or both of a gap region existing between image forming regions adjacent to each other of the intermediate transfer body and both end regions adjacent to both ends of an image forming region in a width direction of the intermediate transfer body, based on one or both of a size and a direction of a recording medium to be printed as input information.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a first circuit, a second circuit isolated from the first circuit, an adjustment unit configured to adjust power supplied to a load, a first controller, a detection unit configured to detect a parameter related to the power supplied to the load, a first communication unit, a second communication unit configured to perform wireless communication with the first communication unit, and a second controller. The first communication unit is operated by power supplied by a signal generated in the first communication unit due to a signal output from the second controller. The first communication unit transmits, to the second communication unit, information about a result of detection by the detection unit. The second controller supplies the first controller with a signal for controlling the adjustment unit. The first controller controls the adjustment unit based on the signal.

Abstract: An image forming device includes: a developing device; a first toner container; a second toner container; a first vertical transport part; a second vertical transport part; a first horizontal transport part; a second horizontal transport part; a third horizontal transport part; a third vertical transport part, a counting unit; and a consumption amount calculation unit. The consumption amount calculation unit, in accordance with a rotation time accumulated by the counting unit, calculates a flow rate of toner flowing in the third horizontal transport part in each of the first supply state and the second supply state, and thereby calculates a toner consumption amount of each of the first toner container and the second toner container.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of an exemplary embodiment includes a temperature sensor, a developing unit, a supply unit, and a control unit. The temperature sensor detects a temperature. The developing unit supplies developer to an image carrier and performs development. The supply unit contains developer and supplies the contained developer to the developing unit. The control unit executes developer replacement processing including discharging the developer from the developing unit and supplying the developer contained in the supply unit to the developing unit based on a first ratio which a ratio of a developer supply time during which the supply unit performs supply of the developer for the developing unit and a drive time during which the developing unit is driven and a threshold value obtained based on a detected temperature of a temperature sensor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing device, an image bearing member, an image density detecting portion, a toner content detecting portion, a humidity sensor, a supplying portion, and a controller configured to control the supplying portion so that a toner content is between an upper limit and a lower limit thereof. The controller can execute setting control in which the target value of the toner content is set on the basis of an image density of a reference toner image. The controller sets the lower limit until execution of subsequent setting control, wherein the lower limit is higher when a humidity is a first humidity and an average image ratio is a first ratio than when the humidity is a second humidity higher than the first humidity and the average image ratio is a second ratio larger than the first ratio.

Abstract: A developer supplying device has a storage container, a detection sensor, and a cleaning member. The storage container stores developer. The detection sensor has a detection face making contact with the developer in the storage container and detects the amount of developer in the storage container. The cleaning member cleans the detection face by making contact with the detection face. The storage container has a sensor movement face formed arc-shaped about a predetermined center as seen in a sectional view. The detection sensor is configured to be movable in the up/down direction along the sensor movement face. The cleaning member rotates about the predetermined center as a rotation axis.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first determination section, a calculation section, a second determination section, and a billing section. The first determination section determines whether a toner container attached to a toner supply section is a first container or a second container. The calculation section calculates a consumption amount of a toner in the toner container determined as the second container. The second determination section determines whether the consumption amount is a threshold value or larger. When the consumption amount is less than the threshold value, the billing section changes a billing price from a first price to a second price. When the toner container is determined to be the first container, the billing section changes the billing price from the first price to a third price. The second price is lower than the first price. The third price is equal to or lower than the second price.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing toner waste during startup of a print operation for electrostatic printers includes a controller that is configured to delay the biasing and rotation of a developer roller until initially uncharged portions of a photoconductive drum have rotated past the developer roller. At the start of a print operation the controller rotates a photoconductive drum and activates a charge corona to put an initial charge on the photoconductive drum, which is thereafter selectively removed in accordance with the image to be printed. The charge corona and developer roller are angularly displaced from one another such that at the start of a print job uncharged portions of the photoconductive drum are initially rotated past the developer roller. Delaying the biasing and rotation of the developer roller prevents toner from being transferred from the developer roller to the initially uncharged portions of the photoconductive drum.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to an embodiment may include a control section that controls operation of the image forming unit; a driving source that drives the image forming unit and drives, based on an instruction of the control section, rotation of a cleaning member whose sliding member passes a gap between a first light transmission window of a first optical path and a second light transmission window of a second optical path in a developer storing section while sliding on the first light transmission window and the second light transmission window. The control section detects, based on a light reception information detected by a light receiving element, a passage timing at which the sliding member passes through the gap, and stops the driving by the driving source based on the passage timing.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to which a cartridge including an electronic storage device can detachably be attached, comprises: an obtaining unit that obtains control information used for image formation from a first area of the electronic storage device and obtain determination information used to determine correctness of the control information stored in the first area from a second area configured to store the determination information; a determination unit that determines the correctness of the control information based on the control information and the determination information; and a control unit that, if the determination unit determines that the control information is correct, controls image formation using the control information obtained by the obtaining unit.

Abstract: One or more toner bottles are provided for supplying toners to development apparatuses. The toner bottles each include bottle portions and displacement sensors. The bottle portions accommodate the toners and are rotated by a drive force of a drive source. The displacement sensors are positioned on sides of the bottle portions and detect deflection amounts of the sides of the bottle portions to determine how much toner is remaining in each toner bottle.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; a developing device; a developer storage; a supplier configured to supply developer to the developing device; and a controller configured to, when performing a printing operation, execute a developing process, a usage-amount obtaining process of obtaining a developer usage amount used in the developing process, a first supplying process of supplying the developer by operating the supplier by a first driving amount every time the usage amount becomes greater than or equal to a first threshold, and a second supplying process of supplying the developer by operating the supplier by a driving amount greater than the first driving amount when the usage amount from a time point of beginning of use of the developer storage becomes greater than or equal to a second threshold that is greater than the first threshold.

Abstract: A powder detector includes a driver to drive a motor, a stirrer to stir powder in a vessel, a vibration plate disposed in the vessel and vibrated by a flip of the stirrer rotated by the motor, and circuitry. The circuitry detects a vibration of the vibration plate, estimates an amount of powder based on a detection result of the vibration, and causes the driver to drive the motor from a starting point, so as to move the stirrer to a preset halt position. The starting point is a rotation angle of the motor on detection of the vibration.

Abstract: A process cartridge includes a first cartridge and a second cartridge. The first cartridge includes a first wall having a first opening, a first shutter configured to open and close the first opening, and a first operating portion configured to operate together with the first shutter. The second cartridge is mountable onto and demountable from the first cartridge and contains a developer. The second cartridge includes a second wall facing the first wall and having a second opening corresponding to the first opening, a second shutter configured to open and close the second opening, and a second operating portion configured to operate together with the second shutter. The first cartridge further includes a third operating portion. When the second cartridge is mounted onto the first cartridge, the first operating portion and the third operating portion operate together through the second operating portion.

Abstract: A toner case includes a case main body, a rotator, a transmitter, a moving mechanism and a manipulation member. The rotator rotates around a rotation axis. At least a part of the rotator is stored in the case main body. The transmitter is arranged outside the case main body and transmits rotation to the rotator. The manipulation member is arranged outside the case main body. As the manipulation member moves from a first manipulating position to a second manipulating position, the moving mechanism moves the transmitter from a first position to a second position which is arranged at an outside of the first position in a rotation axis direction of the rotator. As the manipulation member moves from the second manipulating position to the first manipulating position, the moving mechanism moves the transmitter from the second position to the first position.