Abstract: A polymer material molded product includes a polymer material and a porous carbon material having an X-ray diffraction spectral characteristic shown in the following (1) or (2), (1): a peak derived from a (002) plane of carbon is observed, a half width of the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is 5° or more, and a half width of a peak derived from a (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less, and (2): the peak derived from the (002) plane of carbon is not observed, and the half width of the peak derived from the (10) plane of carbon is 3.2° or less.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a pair of belt rollers, a steering roller, a wheel, and a link mechanism. The pair of belt rollers includes a first roller and a second roller to drive an endless belt along a belt path. The steering roller is between the first roller and the second roller. The steering roller is tiltable to engage the endless belt. The wheel is at an end of the first roller in abutment with an edge of the endless belt, to move in an outward direction along a rotation axis of the first roller, when the endless belt shifts away from the belt path toward the wheel. The link mechanism is between the wheel and the steering roller to tilt the steering roller in response to a sliding movement of the wheel in the outward direction, to urge the endless belt to shift toward the belt path.

Abstract: An image forming system includes: a transfer unit configured to transfer a toner image onto a recording medium conveyed from a state in which the recording medium is wound into a roll; an external diameter information sensing unit configured to sense information about an external diameter of the recording medium wound into the roll; and a control unit configured to change a transfer condition in the transfer unit in accordance with the external diameter information sensed by the external diameter information sensing unit.

Abstract: In order to correct a corrugation caused when a sheet widthwise edge portion elongates more than the vicinity of the center in a sheet feeding direction, a sheet processing apparatus includes: a fixing portion that fixes a toner image onto a sheet by heating, a plurality of pairs of rollers provided along a sheet feeding direction with an interval in the downstream of the fixing portion in the feeding direction to nip and convey a sheet; and a tensioning device that applies a tensile strength of the sheet feeding direction to a sheet in a center area of a width direction perpendicular to the sheet feeding direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rail member and an intermediate transferring device. The rail member mounted to a frame. The intermediate transferring device attachably/detachably mounted to the rail member. The intermediate transferring device includes a toner carrier, a cleaning member, a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism. The toner carrier is driven to be rotated by a driving source, and configured to carry a toner image. The cleaning member is driven to be rotated by the driving source, and configured to remove a toner which remains on the toner image carrier. The first transmission mechanism configured to transmit a driving force of the driving source to the toner image carrier. The second transmission mechanism configured to transmit the driving force of the driving source to the cleaning member. The first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism are arranged between the frame and the rail member.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, an image forming apparatus comprises a belt to which a toner image formed with toner added with lubricant is transferred; a blade configured to be arranged in a belt width direction of the belt to scrape against the belt surface; a case configured to include room for housing waste toner scraped off by the blade; a conveyance section configured to convey the waste toner towards two end parts in the belt width direction in the room of the case; and an elastic section configured to flick the waste toner conveyed to the two end parts by the conveyance section towards the blade through elastic force.

Abstract: A conveyor system includes a first conveyor belt entrained about a separation roller and a support roller disposed upstream from the separation roller, a second conveyor belt entrained about a first roller disposed at an uppermost stream in a transport direction of a sheet-type medium and a second roller disposed downstream therefrom, a belt alignment device to tilt a rotary shaft of the separation roller to restrict a range of belt mistracking of the first conveyor belt in a width direction thereof within a predetermined range, and a restriction member to restrict an amount of inclination of the rotary shaft such that a hypothetical extended plane, which is a hypothetical extension of the outer circumferential surface of the first conveyor belt between the separation roller and the support roller to a downstream side in the transport direction, does not contact a rotational center axis of the first roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a pre-transfer conveying portion that conveys a recording medium, an image bearing member that moves while bearing a toner image, a conveying belt that attracts the recording medium conveyed from the pre-transfer conveying portion and conveys the recording medium at the same speed as the image bearing member, a detecting portion that detects the recording medium attracted to the conveying belt, and a control unit that controls the speed at which the pre-transfer conveying portion conveys the recording medium. On the basis of the detection of the recording medium, the control unit changes the speed of the pre-transfer conveying portion from a speed slower than the speed of the conveying belt to a speed equal to or faster than the speed of the conveying belt, and thereby causes the leading edges of the toner image and the recording medium to coincide.

Abstract: A method controls the timing of conveying a recording material to a conveyance belt so that a leading edge position of the recording material overlaps with a separation assisting toner image transferred on the conveyance belt in advance to prevent failure of recording material detachment from the conveyance belt.

Abstract: An object is to provide an intermediate transfer belt and a method for producing the same which inhibits fine toner dots in white area in an environment of low temperature and low humidity and further, inhibits roughness of image with long-term use. An intermediate transfer belt for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising a polyimide having a dispersed conductive filler, wherein the polyimide contains a unit structure represented by Formula (1); wherein X represents a group selected from Formulas (a) to (e), n, m, l each represents 0 or 1, and at least one of m and l is 1, wherein p in Formula (c) and q in Formula (e) each is an integer of 1 to 5.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a movable belt member configured to bear and convey a recording medium, a transfer member, a lifting unit configured to lift the belt member on a downstream side of the transfer member in a conveying direction of the recording medium, from an inner surface side, so that a belt surface locally protrudes in a width direction of the belt member, and an execution unit configured to be capable of executing a mode for separating the recording medium by forming using the lifting unit a first protrusion having a first height in a vertical direction perpendicular to the belt surface that is not lifted, and a second protrusion higher than the first height at a position adjacent to the first protrusion in the width direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image bearing members to bear a toner image on a surface thereof, a transfer device including a plurality of transfer members and an endless belt formed into a loop and entrained around the transfer members, to transfer the toner images from the image bearing members onto the surface of the belt so that the toner images are superimposed one atop the other on the belt to form a composite toner image, a plurality of cleaning devices including a cleaning blade to remove residual toner remaining on the image bearing members after transfer of the toner images onto the belt, and a plurality of heaters disposed inside the loop formed by the belt. Each of the heaters is disposed between adjacent image bearing members. The belt is interposed between the plurality of heaters and the plurality of image bearing members.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a primary transfer body that bears a developer image, a secondary transfer portion for transferring the developer image from the primary transfer body to a medium, and an introduction portion provided on an upstream side of the secondary transfer portion in a conveying direction of the medium. The introduction portion introduces the primary transfer portion and the medium toward the secondary transfer portion. The introduction portion has a gap having a predetermined distance therebetween.

Abstract: An image forming device, comprising: an image formation unit; an endless belt; first, second and third rollers arranged in parallel such that the belt extends therebetween; a collar that is provided at least at one of ends in an axial direction of the first roller and moves in the axial direction when the belt moves obliquely; a press arm that presses an one axial end side of the second roller on which the collar is provided; and an oblique motion force conversion unit that includes a cam on which an slanting surface is formed and a movable part slidably contacting the slanting surface, and that converts a force for moving the collar into a pressing force for pressing the press arm, and wherein the slanting surface becomes closer to a rotation center of the first roller at a point further from the belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier configured to carry a toner image, a movable belt member configured to convey a recording material, a transfer member configured to electrostatically transfer the toner image formed on the image carrier to the recording material conveyed by the belt material, and a plurality of auxiliary separation members configured to separate the recording material from the belt member such that the belt member positioned more downstream than the transfer member in the direction in which the recording material is conveyed is boosted from the inside of the belt member to locally protrude the belt surface of the belt member in the width direction, wherein the auxiliary separation members can move correspondingly to the size of the conveyed recording material in the width direction to the position where the ends of the recording material pass in the width direction.

Abstract: An endless belt includes: an endless belt body; and a tape which is wound around the endless belt body through more than full circumference on an outer peripheral surface of each of end portions of the endless belt body with respect to a widthwise direction crossing a circumferential direction of the endless belt body and which is provided so that said tape overlaps a winding start portion with a slack.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image bearing member for bearing a toner image; a belt for conveying the toner image; and a transfer device for rubbing the belt, and a surface of the transfer device, which is brought into contact with the belt includes linear concave portions or linear convex portions. The image forming apparatus of the present invention prevents a friction force between the belt and the transfer device rubbing the belt from increasing and brings a transfer member into a stable contact with the belt for conveying the toner image, thereby suppressing increase in drive torque of the belt which rubs the transfer device and suppressing occurrence of image failure.

Abstract: Aligning image transfer assembly belts using two driven image-bearing belts simultaneously engaged with a driven transport belt. Each image-bearing belt conveys image-forming marking material formed thereon, wherein the transport belt is selectively engageable by the two image-bearing belts. The selective engagement of each image-bearing belt being independent from the other, wherein the two image-bearing belts are remote from one another. The method and apparatus also output signals representing at least one detected lateral positions of an edge of a measured belt using at least one edge sensor. The detected lateral position measured can be achieved by one or two edge sensors, wherein the two edge sensors would be disposed remote from one another along an extent across which the edge of the measured belt moves. Then a skew indication of the simultaneously engaged two image-bearing belts is determined based on a the output edge sensor(s) signals.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a first image carrier; a first image forming unit that forms an image; an intermediate transfer belt; a primary transfer unit that primarily transfers the image onto the intermediate transfer belt; a secondary transfer unit that secondarily transfers the image transferred further onto a recording medium; a second image carrier that transfers the image onto the recording medium; a second image forming unit that forms an image on the second image carrier; a direct transfer unit that directly transfers the image onto the recording medium; a recording medium carriage belt, and a driving roller that drives the recording medium carriage belt; a speed fluctuation detecting unit; and a drive control unit that controls driving of the driving roller so as to reduce the cyclic speed fluctuation of the carriage belt based on a detection result of the speed fluctuation detecting unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a main body that includes a first engagement part, a first unit configured to be removably installed in the main body, and a second unit configured to be removably installed in the main body. The first unit includes a frame, a pivot shaft formed on the frame, a grip part that is rotatable around the pivot shaft and that includes a second engagement part that is configured to engage with the first engagement part, a pivot shaft hole that is configured to receive the pivot shaft, and a user operable operation part. When the second unit is laid on the first unit, the second unit presses the operation part and causes the grip part to rotate in a first direction such that the second engagement part engages with the first engagement part.

Abstract: A cam driving mechanism has: a cam; a motor which drives the cam; a gear train which transmits, while reducing the speed of, the output of the motor to the cam; a pulse disk which is formed integrally with a gear coupled in the gear train and in which a plurality of slits are formed at equal intervals; a home position detecting member which is arranged coaxially with the pulse disk so as to be rotatable independently thereof and which, by meshing with another gear coupled in the gear train, rotates at a lower rotation speed than the pulse disk; and a cam position detecting sensor which has a detecting portion including a light-emitting portion and a light-receiving portion, the cam position detecting sensor detecting the amount of driving of the cam based on the number of slits of the pulse disk that have passed through the detecting portion, the cam position detecting sensor detecting the home position of the cam based on the timing with which the home position detecting member shields the detecting portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising: an image bearing member; a conveying member; a transfer means; an attraction means, which is disposed upstream of the transfer means in a conveying direction of the transfer material, for attracting the transfer material onto the conveying member; and a winding means, which is disposed downstream of the transfer means in the conveying direction of the transfer material, for winding the conveying member, wherein a contact amount between the conveying member and the winding means corresponding to a first region where a width of the attraction means pressing the conveying member in the conveying direction is smaller than the contact amount between the conveying member and the winding means corresponding to a second region in which a width of the attraction means which presses the conveying member in the conveying direction that is smaller than the first width.

Abstract: A transfer station is described for an EP printer that transfers a toner image to a receiver sheet carried on a rotatable transport web. The web is wrapped around a rotatable image-bearing member to define a transfer region. A nip-forming ski adjacent to the transport web on the opposite side thereof from the image-bearing member extends upstream of the transfer region. A ski mount causes the ski to press the transport web towards the image-bearing member. Therefore, as the receiver sheet moves with the transport web, the receiver sheet engages the image-bearing member upstream of the transfer region, causing the transport web to push against the ski to provide a selected nip-spacing between the image-bearing member and the transport web in the transfer region.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer belt, a plurality of rollers, and meandering preventive ribs. The plurality of rollers entrain the transfer belt thereabout. The meandering preventive ribs are provided at opposite widthwise ends of an inner peripheral surface of the transfer belt for preventing the transfer belt from meandering on the plurality of rollers. The plurality of rollers include at least one hollow roller having a central shaft and a plurality of internal ribs connecting the central shaft with an inner periphery of the hollow roller in a radial manner. The internal ribs are located so as not to come into contact with the meandering preventive ribs.

Abstract: A secondary transfer facing roller includes a roller part that has a through-hole penetrating in a rotary shaft line direction at a rotation center position, and a penetrating shaft member penetrating the through-hole of the roller part and spinning the roller part on a surface of the penetrating shaft member. Eccentric cams are fixed to both end regions that are not located in the roller part, so as to rotate integrally with the penetrating shaft member. A position regulating cam and an abutting roller form a gap between the intermediate transfer belt and the secondary transfer roller immediately before a transfer sheet enters a transfer nip part. While the gap is formed, current flows between the intermediate transfer belt and the secondary transfer roller via the position regulating cam and the abutting roller.

Abstract: When at least one of first image data and second image data is captured, according to a moving speed of an object while an image sensor is capturing an image, exposure time for capturing the image is controlled to decrease a difference between object blur widths in a direction in which the object moves.

Abstract: Two identical images are printed, side by side, on an intermediate transfer-recording medium, by using image data that represents an image to be printed on a brochure. The two images thus printed are compared, thereby to determine whether they have defects. One of the images, which is found to have no defects, is transferred from the intermediate transfer-recording medium to the brochure, which is a final transfer-recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a separation supporting unit for forming undulations on a recording material bearing member, and a roller disposed between the separation supporting unit and a transfer nip and configured to stretch the recording material bearing member.

Abstract: An apparatus including a transfer belt, an edge sensor and a belt steering roll. The transfer belt having a lateral edge and the edge sensor detecting lateral positions of the lateral edge as it passes the edge sensor. The belt steering roll controlling lateral movement of the transfer belt, which is rotatably mounted maintaining rolling engagement with the transfer belt. An axis of rotation of the belt steering roll selectively tiltable defining a steering angle with respect to an axis reference orientation. Changes in the steering angle inducing a lateral shift profile to the lateral edge. The lateral shift profile defined by changes to the lateral positions of the lateral edge during a period. The steering angle being changed based on a differential between a currently detected lateral position of a segment of the lateral edge and a predetermined lateral position derived from the lateral shift profile.

Abstract: A secondary transfer facing roller includes a roller part that has a through-hole penetrating in a rotary shaft line direction at a rotation center position, and a penetrating shaft member penetrating the through-hole of the roller part and spinning the roller part on a surface of the penetrating shaft member. Eccentric cams are fixed to both end regions that are not located in the roller part, so as to rotate integrally with the penetrating shaft member. A position regulating cam and an abutting roller form a gap between the intermediate transfer belt and the secondary transfer roller immediately before a transfer sheet enters a transfer nip part. While the gap is formed, current flows between the intermediate transfer belt and the secondary transfer roller via the position regulating cam and the abutting roller.

Abstract: A method controls the timing of conveying a recording material to a conveyance belt so that a leading edge position of the recording material overlaps with a separation assisting toner image transferred on the conveyance belt in advance to prevent failure of recording material detachment from the conveyance belt.

Abstract: An image forming device, comprising: an image formation unit; an endless belt; first, second and third rollers arranged in parallel such that the belt extends therebetween; a collar that is provided at least at one of ends in an axial direction of the first roller and moves in the axial direction when the belt moves obliquely; a press arm that presses an one axial end side of the second roller on which the collar is provided; and an oblique motion force conversion unit that includes a cam on which an slanting surface is formed and a movable part slidably contacting the slanting surface, and that converts a force for moving the collar into a pressing force for pressing the press arm, and wherein the slanting surface becomes closer to a rotation center of the first roller at a point further from the belt.

Abstract: A belt device includes a belt member, a detecting unit, and a preventing member. The belt member is stretched over a plurality of rollers and moves in a predetermined moving direction. The detecting unit detects deviation of the belt member in a belt width direction of the belt member. The preventing member is arranged near the detecting unit and prevents deviation of the belt member in a direction other than the moving direction and the belt width direction.

Abstract: A transfer station is described for an EP printer that transfers a toner image to a receiver sheet carried on a rotatable transport web. The web is wrapped around a rotatable image-bearing member to define a transfer region. A nip-forming ski adjacent to the transport web on the opposite side thereof from the image-bearing member extends upstream of the transfer region. A ski mount causes the ski to press the transport web towards the image-bearing member. Therefore, as the receiver sheet moves with the transport web, the receiver sheet engages the image-bearing member upstream of the transfer region, causing the transport web to push against the ski to provide a selected nip-spacing between the image-bearing member and the transport web in the transfer region.

Abstract: This is a baffle used in a transfer station of an electrophotographic marking system. The baffle has a series of air passages that, when these passages are opened, they apply pressure to a sheet of paper and push it upward against a belt or drum surface of a photoreceptor or photoconductor. The toner imaged photoreceptor then transfers the image to the paper that is in contact with it. From the transfer station, the paper with the transferred image is then moved to the fuser station where the image is fused to the paper. The baffle with air passages does not scratch the photoconductor surface as do the prior art systems. Also, the baffle has a much longer useful life than the more costly lift finger transfer blades previously used. A controller senses when a sheet enters the transfer station, senses the paper size, then activates a number of air passages to match the paper size.

Abstract: A method of controlling the inverter dwell time of the first print engine in order to print any sheet size within a pitch mode without the need for a belt sync dead-cycle. The method uses a small nominal inverter dwell time based on the maximum sheet size for a given pitch mode. For any sheet size within the pitch mode that is smaller than the maximum sheet size, the inverter dwell time will increase proportionally.

Abstract: Aligning image transfer assembly belts using two driven image-bearing belts simultaneously engaged with a driven transport belt. Each image-bearing belt conveys image-forming marking material formed thereon, wherein the transport belt is selectively engageable by the two image-bearing belts. The selective engagement of each image-bearing belt being independent from the other, wherein the two image-bearing belts are remote from one another. The method and apparatus also output signals representing at least one detected lateral positions of an edge of a measured belt using at least one edge sensor. The detected lateral position measured can be achieved by one or two edge sensors, wherein the two edge sensors would be disposed remote from one another along an extent across which the edge of the measured belt moves. Then a skew indication of the simultaneously engaged two image-bearing belts is determined based on a the output edge sensor(s) signals.

Abstract: A belt configured to travel a continuous track may be incorporated for use in an image forming apparatus. The belt may include a guide member formed on a surface of the belt to prevent a belt from meandering off of the track, where the guide member may include a rubber sheet and a carbon black material having a primer particle diameter ranging from about 15 nm to about 35 nm. An image forming apparatus incorporating the belt with one or more guide members has an increased resistance to abrasion and mitigates belt meandering and image contamination.

Abstract: A coupling unit includes two constant velocity joints arranged in series in the shaft direction. The coupling unit couples a driven shaft and a drive shaft. Each constant velocity joint includes a ball non-retaining member and a ball retaining member. The ball non-retaining member has an annular space with one opened end and a plurality of track grooves extending in the shaft direction on an external wall surface of the annular space at a constant interval in a circumferential direction. The ball retaining member has a portion that engages with the annular space of the ball non-retaining member, and that retains a ball that slides along each of the track grooves formed in the ball non-retaining member.

Abstract: A belt unit includes an endless belt, a drive roller, a follow roller, and a braking member. The drive roller drives the endless belt to move circularly. The follow roller rotates about a rotational shaft thereof following the circular movement of the endless belt. The rotational shaft extends in an axial direction and having two axial ends. The endless belt is wound around the drive roller and the follow roller. The braking member is disposed on one of the two axial ends and is rotatable about the rotational shaft and applies a rotational friction force to the endless belt when the endless belt is in frictional contact with the braking member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a transfer portion that transfers a toner image; a conveying member that conveys a recording material; a conveying member position index sensing member that senses a conveying member position index fixed to the conveying member in the transfer portion; a toner image position index sensing member that senses a toner image position index fixed to the image bearing member in the transfer portion; a drive member that can control a position of the conveying member in a moving direction of the conveying member and a rotating speed of the conveying member; and a control portion that controls the drive member to position the conveying member position index with respect to the toner image position index reaching the transfer portion based on the sensing results of the conveying member position index and the toner image position index.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus controls the conveyance speed of a transfer material at the time a leading edge of the transfer material enters a transfer nip, to be slower than the moving speed of an image bearing member. Furthermore, the image forming apparatus controls the conveyance speed of the transfer material at the time a trailing edge of the transfer material exits the transfer nip, to be faster than the moving speed of the image bearing member.

Abstract: In a beltless tandem-type image forming apparatus, a plurality of pairs of transfer rollers are placed side by side at intervals along a conveying direction of sheets. A control section independently conveys sheets in sequence through nip sections of respective pairs of transfer rollers driven by a driving section while sequentially transferring images formed by an imaging section onto the sheets. Conveying speeds of the respective pairs of transfer rollers controlled by the driving section are gradually decreased for every pair of transfer rollers from an upstream side toward a downstream side along a conveying direction of the sheets, and consequently, a driving period for driving the respective pairs of transfer rollers to convey each sheet is gradually increased for every pair of transfer rollers from the upstream side toward the downstream side along the conveying direction of the sheets.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a movable belt member configured to bear and convey a recording medium, a transfer member, a lifting unit configured to lift the belt member on a downstream side of the transfer member in a conveying direction of the recording medium, from an inner surface side, so that a belt surface locally protrudes in a width direction of the belt member, and an execution unit configured to be capable of executing a mode for separating the recording medium by forming using the lifting unit a first protrusion having a first height in a vertical direction perpendicular to the belt surface that is not lifted, and a second protrusion higher than the first height at a position adjacent to the first protrusion in the width direction.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer belt, a plurality of rollers, and meandering preventive ribs. The plurality of rollers entrain the transfer belt thereabout. The meandering preventive ribs are provided at opposite widthwise ends of an inner peripheral surface of the transfer belt for preventing the transfer belt from meandering on the plurality of rollers. The plurality of rollers include at least one hollow roller having a central shaft and a plurality of internal ribs connecting the central shaft with an inner periphery of the hollow roller in a radial manner. The internal ribs are located so as not to come into contact with the meandering preventive ribs.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing a toner image; a toner image forming portion for forming a toner image on the image bearing member; a rotatable belt member, stretched by a plurality of stretching members, for carrying and conveying a recording material; a transfer member for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto the recording material carried on the belt member by pressing the belt member against the image bearing member; a bias applying portion for applying to the transfer member a transfer bias for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto the recording material; a push-up member for locally pushing up the belt member from an inner surface side of the belt member, in a direction perpendicular to a recording material conveyance direction, at a downstream-side position of the transfer member with respect to the recording material conveyance direction; and an execution portion for executing an operation in a mode in which t

Abstract: A cam driving mechanism has: a cam; a motor which drives the cam; a gear train which transmits, while reducing the speed of, the output of the motor to the cam; a pulse disk which is formed integrally with a gear coupled in the gear train and in which a plurality of slits are formed at equal intervals; a home position detecting member which is arranged coaxially with the pulse disk so as to be rotatable independently thereof and which, by meshing with another gear coupled in the gear train, rotates at a lower rotation speed than the pulse disk; and a cam position detecting sensor which has a detecting portion including a light-emitting portion and a light-receiving portion, the cam position detecting sensor detecting the amount of driving of the cam based on the number of slits of the pulse disk that have passed through the detecting portion, the cam position detecting sensor detecting the home position of the cam based on the timing with which the home position detecting member shields the detecting portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an endless belt that is rotated, an image forming device configured to form an image on a recording medium which fed on the endless belt, a cleaning roller configured to be rotated and clean the endless belt, a pair of registration rollers configured to be rotated in a recording medium feeding direction and to feed a recording medium to the image forming device, and a motor configured to rotate in two directions. The image forming apparatus may further include first, second, and third gear mechanisms. The first and second gear mechanisms are configured to switch between transmission and non-transmission of a driving force to the cleaning roller according to rotational direction of the motor. The third gear mechanism is configured to switch between transmission and non-transmission of the driving force to the registration roller according to the rotational direction of the motor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit to transfer an image onto a transfer medium in an image transfer range, a seamless belt to move along a predetermined conveying direction, a pair of belt rollers to support the belt in a flattened condition, a tensile force applier to become in contact with the belt and apply tensile force to the belt in the image transfer range, a controller to apply the tensile force during an imaging period, in which operations including an image transfer operation are executed, and reduce or clear the tensile force being applied to the belt during a non-imaging period, which is other than the imaging period.

Abstract: A belt device includes an endless belt including at least a base layer and a coat layer, the coat layer formed on the base layer and configuring an upper most surface of the belt; a driving member that rotates the belt and that is provided at one end of the belt to bias an inner circumferential surface of the belt; and a driven member that rotates the belt and that is provided at other end of the belt to bias the inner circumferential surface of the belt. Wherein the base layer has a mirror specularity of 20-60.