Abstract: This is a device which will sanitize toilet water in one device. The sanitizer is placed over the existing toilet seat and securely fastened to the toilet bowl.

Abstract: Water, preferably fresh potable water, is electrochemically, e.g. electrolytically, treated to achieve disinfectant properties. The electrochemically treated water is sprayed onto the toilet seat and directed into the toilet bowl for each flush cycle of an aircraft toilet system, so as to clean and disinfect the toilet seat and the toilet bowl. The electrochemically treated water has a direct germ-killing effect on the seat and bowl, and also disinfects the arising wastewater that is conveyed to and stored in a storage tank. For flushing the toilet bowl, the electrochemically treated water may further be mixed with reused graywater, which is thereby disinfected.

Abstract: A toilet seat having a generally ring-like shape, with an upper surface, that comes into contact with the user's skin, defined between an external perimeter edge and an internal perimeter edge, the seat comprising, or being associated with, a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying sanitizing fluid over the upper surface. The seat has a passage arranged in such a manner as to have a fluid inlet opening along the external perimeter edge and an outlet opening along the internal perimeter edge, the inlet opening being shaped so as to collect any excess fluid flowing beyond the external edge, such that the excess fluid drains through the passage, out the outlet opening and into the toilet bowl.

Abstract: A toilet seat of a generally ring-shaped structure, with an upper surface (1a), the one that comes into contact with the user, defined between an external perimeter edge (1b) and an internal perimeter edge (1c), said seat comprising or being associated with several spray nozzles capable of spraying sanitizing fluid over said upper surface (1a). The seat comprises a passage (6) arranged in such a manner as to have a fluid inlet opening along the external perimeter edge (1b) and an outlet opening along the internal perimeter edge (1c), the inlet opening being shaped in such a manner as to collect any excess fluid flowing beyond the external edge (1b), so that the excess fluid will be drained through the passage (6) and its outlet opening into the toilet bowl.

Abstract: An improved toilet seat is presented that uses an electric generator, powerable by batteries, to generate negative ions that are dispersed into the toilet bowl to achieve odor control. The seat is configured like a standard toilet seat and is designed to be low-cost.

Abstract: An automatic device for washing a toilet seat ring has a lid divided into two parts, including a lower part fixed to the upper rim of the toilet bowl and on the inner surface of the lower part the toilet seat ring rests, and an upper part superimposed hermetically on the lower part, which can be lifted angularly with respect to the lower part. The upper part has a box-like structure having on the bottom thereof exit holes for a fluid for washing the toilet seat ring and exit openings for air for drying the washed ring, the upper part having ducts for feeding the washing fluid to the holes and channels for feeding air to the openings.

Abstract: Water, preferably fresh potable water, is electrochemically, e.g. electrolytically, treated to achieve disinfectant properties. The electrochemically treated water is sprayed onto the toilet seat and directed into the toilet bowl for each flush cycle of an aircraft toilet system, so as to clean and disinfect the toilet seat and the toilet bowl. The electrochemically treated water has a direct germ-killing effect on the seat and bowl, and also disinfects the arising wastewater that is conveyed to and stored in a storage tank. For flushing the toilet bowl, the electrochemically treated water may further be mixed with reused graywater, which is thereby disinfected.

Abstract: A toilet stool capable of using comfortably without cleaning is provided. The toilet stool comprises a main body 10, a seat 11, a cover 12, injection means 41 and 42, and a control means. The main body 10 can preserve stool temporarily therein. The seat 11 is formed on the main body 10. The cover 12 performs opening and closing operations by rotating about a horizontal axis with respect to the main body 10. The injection means 41 and 42 perform a cleaning operation by injecting pressure liquid for cleaning. The control means causes the injection means 41 and 42 to perform the cleaning operation on the condition that the cover is closed.

Abstract: An object is to drive a plurality of types of disc cartridges, in different formats but with similar external dimensions. A disc drive apparatus is configured to use a single spindle motor 32 to drive a first disc cartridge 1, having a first cartridge 1a housing a first disc 10 and a first pair of positioning holes 1c, 1d in the first cartridge 1a, as well as a second disc cartridge 2 having a second cartridge 2a housing a second disc 13 with the same outer diameter as the first disc 10 and a second pair of positioning holes 2c, 2d in the second cartridge 2a; positioning shaft location means 40, 41 are provided; when the first disc cartridge 1 is driven, these positioning shaft location means 40, 41 position the positioning shafts 40a, 41a in positions corresponding to the first pair of holes 1c, 1d, and when the second disc cartridge 2 is driven, the positioning shaft means 40, 41 position the positioning shafts 40b, 41b in positions corresponding to the second pair of holes 2c, 2d.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for cleaning a toilet seat (12). In order to achieve a satisfactory cleansing consuming as little energy as possible, the inventive device comprises a mobile cleaning unit (18) which can be moved along the toilet seat (12) by means of water power.

Abstract: The improved automatic device for washing a toilet seat ring comprises a lid divided into two parts, a lower part, which is suitable to be fixed to the upper rim of the toilet bowl and on the inner surface of which the toilet seat ring rests, and an upper part, to be superimposed hermetically on said lower part, which can be lifted angularly with respect to the lower part, wherein the upper part comprises a box-like structure having on the bottom of exit holes for a fluid for washing the toilet seat ring and exit openings for air for drying the washed ring, the upper part having ducts for feeding the washing fluid to the holes and channels for feeding air to the openings.

Abstract: A toilet bowl equipped with far infrared lamps, by which users can bathe the genital organs and the anus region while sitting down on a toilet bowl seat for movement of bowel or urination at need without taking additional time. The toilet bowl comprises: front and rear holes formed on a toilet bowl body; first and second far infrared lamps respectively inserted into the front and rear holes for emitting far infrared rays, wherein the front and rear holes are formed in appropriate positions for making the far infrared lamps emit the far infrared rays to the genital organs and the anus region of women and men; first and second transparent heatproof lenses, each of which is disposed between the hole and the far infrared lamp; a first sensing means to be mounted on a ceiling, the first sensing means making the far infrared lamps turn on or off when a user sits on the toilet bowl seat; and ON and OFF switches for operating the far infrared lamps manually.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic cleaner for a toilet seat which includes a cleaner and a toilet seat. The cleaner contains a washing device, a flushing device, a drier and a transmission unit while the toilet seat consists of a turning seat and a bottom seat. The turning seat of the toilet seat is rotated by means of the transmission unit within the cleaner while the flushing device within the cleaner sprays a certain amount of the cleaning liquid. Thereafter, the washing device is activated to wash. In addition, the drier dries the surface of the turning seat to achieve a clean, hygienic and warming effect.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for actuating a physical/technical process, particularly in toilette facilities, which employs a sound sensor (M) with signal analysis which is located in close proximity to a liquid inlet (8). In a device for automatic cleaning of toilette seats (4), the sensor (M) is built in next to the flushing water inlet. The flushing noises are selected using a signal analysis circuit and cleaning of the seat (4) and evacuation of odors (G) via a ventilator (15) is only triggered if the flushing process has been clearly detected.

Abstract: The disinfecting toilet seat system comprises a toilet seat with at least one seat surface, disinfecting means for disinfecting said toilet seat, containing means to hold said disinfecting means, means to trigger disinfection, means mounting said toilet seat for pivoting movement and/or seat surface sequencing relative to said containing means, and means mounting said containing means for pivoting movement relative to said toilet seat and/or mounting said containing means between said toilet seat and a toilet bowl, wherein said containing means comprises at least one element generally matching said at least one seat surface, and maintains said toilet seat disinfecting means in orientation to facilitate application of disinfection to said toilet seat when said containing means and said toilet seat are within predetermined proximity of each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic cleaning device for toilet seats. A motor drives upper and lower transmission gear sets. The upper transmission gear set, after reduction, drives a scrub disk, while the lower transmission gear set has a main gear in front to engage a toothed ring at the inner ring of the toilet seat. The turning of the main gear enables the toilet seat to rotate about 360 degrees. Another motor drives a lateral gear set to further drive a drag mechanism. When the two cantilever arms of the drag mechanism swing, the link arms at a lower end will drive a drag block which has two slide blocks.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically washing, sanitizing and drying a toilet seat. The apparatus comprises a toilet seat cover having independent fluid and gas conduits, a toilet seat and a runoff pan means, a control unit box and means for connecting the fluid and gas supply lines from the control unit box to said toilet seat cover. The toilet seat and the toilet seat cover and the runoff pan are pivotally connected by a hinge means and can independently move to an up or down position. Upon closing, toilet seat cover means are provided for automatically initiating the washing and drying cycles after each use. The control box unit further comprises an electric process unit including means to control and adjust the starting and finishing time of washing and drying cycles. The toilet system is sealed during the washing cycle to avoid splashing the fluid out of the toilet system.

Abstract: An automatic and self-cleaning hygienic-sanitary system for public use, having a hygienic bowl, cleaning device for cleaning to a sanitary condition the hygienic bowl, and a protecting device for protecting the cleaning device of the hygienic bowl against tampering. A floor cleaning and sanitating device for cleaning the floor supporting the hygienic bowl is moreover provided.

Abstract: The lavatory has a housing in which a dish-like bowl having a seat is pivotably inserted. The bowl can be swivelled from a position of use into a flushing position. Furthermore, a cleaning apparatus which serves for cleaning the seat and the bowl with pressurized water in the flushing position is arranged in the housing. This cleaning apparatus has for this purpose a cover which overlaps the spray nozzles serving for cleaning the bowl and seat. In the flushing position, the cover and the bowl together bound a cleaning space which is sealed fluid-tight from the interior of the housing. During the cleaning process, even contaminants adhering stubbornly to seat surface or inner wall of the bowl are removed by the pressurized water and washed in the direction of the feces drain. After the cleaning with pressurized water, the bowl and the seat are dried with cold or hot air, for which purpose the cleaning apparatus is additionally provided with a fan.

Abstract: A mixing chamber for use in a toilet sanitizing system consists of a cylindrical housing having an upper opening closed by a closure cap. The closure cap is removed to gain access to the internal chamber of the housing and is threaded over the upper opening to close the internal chamber. The internal chamber of the housing includes a spring to support a lower surface of a dispenser enclosing a block of germicide substance that is inserted into the internal chamber through the upper opening while the closure cap is removed. The internal chamber has three ports, an upper inlet port that enters the internal chamber tangentially, a middle outlet port exiting the chamber radially, and a lower outlet port radially exiting the chamber and located just above a lower wall of the chamber. The upper port is connected to a source of water, the middle port is connected to a toilet bowl, and the lower port is connected to the associated toilet seat.

Abstract: A toilet rim cleaning apparatus and method. The toilet rim cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning head which soaks in cleaning solution while not in use. This cleaning head includes material which is substantially absorbent. When utilized to clean the rim of a toilet bowl, the absorbent nature of the cleaning head permits excess fluid to be removed from the cleaned surfaces. The shape of the cleaning head is configured to conform to the shape of at least a portion of the rim of a toilet bowl, which facilitates the cleaning motion around the rim and allows a significant amount of the rim to be efficiently and effectively cleaned. One preferred embodiment of the shape of the cleaning head resembles an "L" shape. Another embodiment resembles a "U" shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Western-style toilet bowl seat equipped with far infrared lamp.

Abstract: An apparatus for disposing of body waste in a portable toilet is comprised of a container (100) and an associated hollow housing structure (14) which are adapted to be seated on a conventional toilet (B). Waste in container (100) is dumped into the toilet via a cable mechanism (154) on the intake stroke of a hand pump (170). A water intake hose (172) is manually lowered into the toilet water via a hose control handle (162) prior to the operation of the pump. While the container (100) is in a vertical dumping position, the exhaust stroke of pump (170) forces water siphoned from the toilet through a jet outlet (180) to clean the interior of the container (100). The waste and toilet water in the container (100) is discharged directly into the bowl without impinging the hollow housing structure. The container (100) automatically returns to its rest, or horizontal, position due to the action of a return spring.

Abstract: A self-sanitizing toilet seat cleaning apparatus includes a seat in the shape of a generally circular ring that is rotatably mounted above the toilet bowl and includes a gear on its underside meshing with a pinion gear attached to the drive shaft of a drive motor for the seat. An arm extends over a rear portion of the seat and includes flow passages that convey a disinfectant on top of the seat, under the seat, and into the toilet bowl. Under the arm, a wiper is provided that wipes the top surface of the seat as it rotates. The toilet includes a weight sensor that stops rotation of the seat if a person is sitting on it and a proximity sensor to activate flushing of the toilet and rotation and disinfecting of the seat and bowl.

Abstract: An automatic toilet seat cleaning system including a movable toilet seat supported on a toilet bowl of a toilet in front of a toilet water tank and moved between a front side position and a rear side position, a fixed first motor, a transmission mechanism controlled by the first motor to turn the toilet seat horizontally when the toilet seat is moved to the rear side position, a fixed second motor, a wheel brush turned by the second motor to clean the toilet seat when the toilet seat is moved to the rear side position and turned by the transmission mechanism, a waste water tank adapted to hold waste water falling from the movable toilet seat, a water tube adapted to guide clean water to the wheel brush for cleaning the toilet seat, and an electrical dryer controlled to dry the toilet seat.

Abstract: A method of warming a toilet seat is described. Firstly, provide a toilet having a toilet seat and a pivotally mounted toilet seat cover. The toilet seat cover has a lower surface and a peripheral edge. The toilet seat cover is pivotally movable between a substantially vertical raised position and a substantially horizontal lowered position in which the lower surface of the toilet seat cover overlies the toilet seat. Secondly, secure a string of low voltage lights to the lower surface of the toilet seat cover adjacent the peripheral edge. Thirdly, position the toilet seat cover in a pivotal position parallel to the toilet seat when the toilet seat is not in use. Heat generated by the low voltage lights in proximity to the toilet seat warms the toilet seat in preparation for use.

Abstract: An apparatus for disposing of body waste in a portable toilet is comprised of a container (100) and an associated housing structure (14) which are adapted to be seated on a conventional toilet (B). Waste in container (100) is dumped into the toilet via a cable mechanism on the intake stroke of a hand pump (170). A water intake hose (172) is manually lowered into the toilet water via a hose control handle (162) prior to the operation of the pump. While the container (100) is in a vertical dumping position, the exhaust stroke of pump (170) forces water siphoned from the toilet through a jet outlet (180) to clean the interior of the container (100). The container (100) automatically returns to its rest, or horizontal, position due to the action of a return spring.

Abstract: A toilet bowl has a self-cleaning hollow rim with openings in the top surface of the rim whereby urine and other residues accumulating thereon are rinsed during flushing of the toilet. The water drains into a trough along the periphery of the bowl and into the toilet bowl.

Abstract: A sanitizing method and device for toilet facilities, comprising a liquid dispenser containing a liquid disinfectant, tissue dispenser and spray gun. The sanitizing device operation upon a toilet seat is initiated by removal of the spray gun and dispersement of disinfectant about the perimeter of a toilet seat followed by the application of tissue about the same perimeter removing the disinfectant and the disposal of the tissue and disinfectant into the toilet.

Abstract: A lavatory seat cleaning apparatus comprises cleaner pad (4, 4'), guide slot (12) engageable with the cleaning pad to guide slot the cleaning pad around an associated lavatory seat (2) in engagement therewith, and a knob (9) for moving the cleaner pad along the guide slot.

Abstract: A toilet is automatically washed and dried after each use by a carriage mounted on a rear wall for translatory movement between a concealed, vandal-resistant position and an extended cleaning position.

Abstract: A sanitary cell includes a sanitary chamber, a first technical equipment chamber, for accommodating toilet bowl cleaning appliances, and a wall, which separates the two chambers and which supports, on its opposite sides, two toilet bowls which are located in the sanitary and first technical equipment chambers, respectively. The toilet bowl, which is located in the sanitary chamber, has an opening which points upwardly. The toilet bowl, which is located in the first technical equipment chamber, has an opening which points downwardly. A second technical equipment chamber is located beneath the floor of the sanitary chamber. A separating wall pivots about a horizontal axis to enable the pivoting of the toilet bowls from the first technical equipment chamber, through the second technical equipment chamber, and into the sanitary chamber, so that the toilet bowls can be cleaned.

Abstract: A transportable sanitizing device is equipped with a liquid dispenser, tissue dispenser and spray gun, generally. The sanitizing device is initiated by removal of the spray gun and dispersement of disinfectant about the perimeter of a toilet seat followed by the application of tissue about the same perimeter removing the disinfectant.

Abstract: A toilet sanitizing device is provided, wherein the toilet seat can be pre-heated before use and cleaned with liquid cleaner after use to avoid disease infection. The seat is raised by a servomotor into a position for cleaning responsive to signals from a pedal switch and an infrared detector.

Abstract: The disposable toilet seat wipe apparatus of this invention includes a pre-moistened, cleansing pad within a carrying container in coupling relationship with a plunger construction extending outwardly from one of the container ends. The opposite end of the container is configured to "blossom" the cleansing pad out of the container as the plunger is actuated inwardly, with the plunger and container then serving as a handle for the apparatus in wiping the seat with the pre-moistened pad as so deployed. A series of protrusions are also provided within the container to prevent the cleansing pad from coming loose from the handle during manipulation of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is a toilet stool seat disinfecting apparatus comprising a body mounted in the rear portion of a toilet stool, a ray sensor unit installed in the body to detect the opening of the stool cover, a pair of nozzles installed at both sides of the body, the nozzles being connected to a disinfectant source through a flow way, and a controller circuit which controls opening of a flow way when the ray sensor detects the opening of the stool cover. The apparatus automatically sprays disinfectant to the stool seat when the stool cover is opened by a user of the toilet stool.

Abstract: The disposable toilet seat wipe apparatus of this invention includes a pre-moistened, cleansing pad within a carrying container having a pair of component sections separable one from another, and by a pull-apart action, for example. The cleansing pad is initially stored in one of the two sections, and is coupled with a rod extending from within the other section. As the two sections are separated, an inner lip of the first section contacts with the pad to "blossom" it outwardly, as the sections continue to part. The pre-moistened cleansing pad so deployed can then be used in wiping the seat.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an economical yet sturdy and reliable automated toilet seat cleaning system including a system housing, a movable toilet seat, a plurality of cleaning brushes, sources of water and disinfectant, and drying elements all of whose functions are electronically controlled.

Abstract: A toilet system providing improved convenience, efficiency and sanitation with automatic operation. Basically, the toilet includes a bowl, a seat partially covering the bowl opening and a lid movable between a raised position exposing the seat and a lower position covering the seat sealing the bowl. When the lid is raised, an air extraction system removes air and odors from the bowl. After use, the lid is either manually or automatically closed, initiating a high or low flush. When left to close automatically a low flush only is initiated. In a low flush, water is directed under pressure through two rotating spray jets against the bowl interior, then is removed along with any toilet contents by the rotating jets action and the macerator which reduces solids to small particles. Heated air is then directed into the bowl to dry the bowl. In a high flush, an additional spray jet cleans the seat and a larger quantity (typically 1/3 additional) of water is used.

Abstract: A self sterilizing toilet seat is provided that includes a built-in mechanism in which detergent, water and air can respectively wash and dry the toilet seat. The built-in mechanism is so constructed that it can only operated when the toilet seat is placed in a down position onto a rim of a toilet bowl.

Abstract: A toilet seat is cleaned and sanitized by directing first liquid and then gas thereagainst from a hose. A switch is closed when a toliet seat cover is closed to initiate operation of a liquid system and a timer is included to shut off the liquid system. The liquid system is connected to a gas system to initiate operation of the gas system after the liquid system is shut down, and the gas system is connected to the switch to re-set that switch when the gas system is shut down. Both the liquid and the gas system are connected to the hose and valves are included to prevent intermingling of the fluids. The toilet seat includes a groove and the cover includes a tongue on a flange that mates with the groove to seal the cover to the seat in a fluid-tight manner.

Abstract: A toilet apparatus comprising a bowl, a holding tank, a seat member adapted to overlie a rim portion of said bowl, a cover member adapted to overlie the seat member, at least one of the seat and cover members having a channel therein and holes extending from the channel to an undersurface thereof to facilitate passage of fluid through the channel and holes, a manual activator for activating flow of the fluid through the channel and holes, and a slide assembly first switch operable in conjunction with a float assembly second switch to correlate the completion of a flushing and holding tank refilling cycle with the completion of a cycle of fluid passage through the channel and holes.

Abstract: The collapsible cover (5) is designed to envelope the rim (3) and the seat (2) and is provided on its periphery with a seal (6). In the cover (5) there are incorporated conduits (7) which open on the inner face of said cover in a plurality of diffusion heads (8) which spread in order to spray jets throughout the inner surface of the bowl (1), on the seat (2) and on the upper and lower faces of the rim (3). The conduits (7) are connected to a disinfection product tank on which actuates a control member connected to the cover so that, by putting down the cover (5) a complete disinfection of the bowl (1), the seat (2) and the rim (3) is automatically effected. The device is particularly applicable to W.C. for public use.

Abstract: A portable disinfecting device for a toilet seat and other surfaces is provided that is manually slideable upon the toilet seat and the other surfaces to disinfect them from a roll of disinfectant tissue. The device has a replaceable refill cartridge which holds both a liquid disinfectant dispenser and a new roll of disinfectant tissue therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning and disinfecting a toilet seat. The apparatus comprises a chamber housing a water flushing tank and a tank of disinfecting and cleaning product, means for removing a used seat and replacing this used seat with a clean, disinfected seat, this means comprising two endless chains driven by an electric drive motor and to each of which each seat is connected by its back edge. Rails are provided for guiding the seats along their travel in the chamber. Means are provided for automatically controlling the opening of a door allowing the seats to pass into the chamber. The seats are washed by means of a spraying ramp inside the chamber. Locking means are provided on the door and chamber to assure locking of the door in a closed position. A seal is inserted between the door and the chamber, which locking means can be neutralized by associated unlocking means carried by at least one of the chains, at the beginning of the cleaning cycle, while crushing the seal permits the door to be locked.

Abstract: A toilet seat and lid combination, of generally customary shape and dimension, self-disinfected by means of germicidal U.V. light, and its by-product Ozone, generated by a tubular lamp, housed within a module, and mounted in the rear of the toilet seat lid proximal to and parallel with the axis of rotation of the toilet seat and lid. The electrical wires for the lamp are concealed within a conduit that runs through an attachment shank. Motion of the toilet seat and lid are dampened by means of detachable flat springs and a bias force under the toilet surface that communicates through a shank used to mount the toilet seat and lid to a toilet.

Abstract: A toilet seat (27) is provided with a slide housing (26) comprising nozzles for spraying and/or applying water and/or disinfecting liquid. It comprises at least one wiper for drying the surface of the seat (27). The slide housing (26) is placed over a segment of the seat (27), which then, while being sprayed by the nozzles, is driven in the circumferential direction by at least one electric motor. The entire operation is started up manually by actuating the lever (2) of the flushing water cistern (1), and subsequently is controlled by the control electronics (27) until the cleaning of the seat (27) has been completed. The energy is obtained by a turbine (11), which is mechanically connected to a low-voltage direct-current generator (13), and is driven by the water filling the flushing water cistern (11). The actual flushing water, therefore, flows at the normal kinetic energy into the toilet; the hydraulic resistance of the turbine (11) is not switched on while the flushing water flows into the toilet bowl.

Abstract: A portable toilet is equipped with a toilet seat having a cover thereon which is capable of delivering a charge of sanitizing and/or deodorizing fluid onto the upper surface thereof. A source of sanitizing and/or deodorizing fluid is periodically energized.

Abstract: A device for cleaning the toilet seat of a toilet bowl, in which the toilet seat 22 is brought into vertical position in a tank 14 by a translational movement of transport means driven by vertical endless screws. A trap door 18 is thus controlled by a horizontal shaft and link rods 60a, 60b which opened during the entry and exit movements of the seat. A cleaning arm 66 is connected to a cleaning water intake, and means are provided to cause hot drying air to circulate in the tank. A control unit containing a cleaning water tank, a hot-air generator, and a time-delay control unit can be triggered to perform a complete cleaning cycle, and can be located as desired. The device is for toilets in private or public use.

Abstract: In a toilet apparatus comprising a bowl, a seat member adapted to overlie rim portions of the bowl, and a cover member adapted to overlie the seat member, the improvement comprising channels disposed in the seat member and cover member, a plurality of holes extending from the channels to the undersurfaces of the seat and cover members respectively, and fluid conveying means interconnecting the channels with fluid source means, whereby fluid means may be conveyed by the channels and holes and directed against the rim of the bowl and an upper surface of the seat member to effect cleaning thereof.