Abstract: A method and system having a water-flush toilet having a toilet bowl that is in fluid communication with a water source and is mounted with a sensor. The sensor includes a transmitter to transmit an ultrasonic signal and a receiver to receive an ultrasonic signal. The sensor may measure a Time of Flight (ToF) of the signal to obtain a ToF measurement. A microcontroller is electrically connected to the sensor and may receive and process the ToF measurement using an algorithm to determine a bowl status. The toilet also includes at least one water valve that is disposed between the bowl and the water source, and that is electrically connected to the microcontroller for instructing the at least one water valve to move from a first position to a second position for a duration of time, wherein the duration of time corresponds to the bowl status.

Abstract: Experimental and analytical methods enable reconstruction of signal transduction networks from gene expression profiles. Signal transduction pathways can be reverse-engineered by 1) experimentally manipulating individual genes, 2) generating cellular expression profiles, and 3) analyzing for common patterns among these profiles. Analysis of patterns among profiles permits reconstruction of pathways and networks of interrelationships among genes and their products.

Abstract: A toilet flushing apparatus characterized by an inherently leakproof syphon, a manually discharged primer tank initiating syphoning through a discharge tube and toilet flush tube, and with a floating flush valve and control for complete discharge of primer water followed by immediate closure to ensure continued syphoning, the primer tank being automatically refilled with the rise of float controlled supply tank water.

Abstract: A syphonic flush toilet having a conventional water tank having a drain outlet in its bottom wall. The tank has a lid having a plunger aperture therein. A syphon assembly formed of a floating top housing member and a stationary bottom housing member are located in the tank. The floating top housing member has a top wall having a downwardly extending annular outer side wall and the bottom housing member has a bottom wall having an upwardly extending annular outside wall. The annular outer side wall and the annular outside wall of the respective members are matingly telescopically connected to each other about a vertical axis. An air chamber is formed in the floating top housing member. A discharge pipe has its bottom end passing through the bottom wall of the bottom housing member and its lower end is secured in the drain outlet of the tank. The top end of the discharge pipe extends upwardly into the interior of the neck portion of the floating top housing member.

Abstract: An automatic flushing system for use with toilets or urinals which includes a tank having a siphon outlet and a hollow float which has a water access port and an air access port. There is also provided support means for supporting the float for generally vertical movement within the tank. There is also provided a tank inlet and tank inlet valve means which is operated by the support means for controlling flow of water through the tank inlet. There is also provided air access port valve means for controlling flow of air into the float. The support means is suitably characterized to enable the float to reach the intermediate holding level which is lower than the maximum level within the tank. The air access port valve means may also control flow of air through the air access port in such a manner as to provide a water seal associated therewith and a gas lock in the hollow float.

Abstract: A self-contained, recirculating flush liquid, type of water closet for passenger aircraft; wherein, the means for periodically draining the contents of the waste holding tank, comprises an inverted U-shaped tube which is separated at the bend of the U-shape or elbow thereof, into approximately two half-parts. These half-parts are joined by a movable or flexible connection in order that one of the half-parts can be moved relative to the other half-part. One end of the U-shaped tube is rigidly fixed to and projects out from the bottom of the tank; and the other movable half-part has an intake nozzle opening which when it is positioned at the bottom surface of the tank, it is at an operative waste removal position, and when it is moved to a raised position where the intake nozzle opening is at the top of the tank, the removal of waste from the tank is prevented.