Abstract: The method includes a step of forming, with a radar, a number N of beams of equal angular width that irradiate a runway and a portion of the surroundings of the runway; a step of dividing the zone irradiated by the beams into distance-angle boxes, the beams delineating the boxes anglewise; a step of taking measurements of backscattered power received from distance-angle boxes, the measurements being carried out for a set of pairs of boxes, a pair being composed of two boxes of same distance one of which, called the right box, crosses the right edge (3D) of the runway, and the other of which, called the left box, crosses the left edge (3G); a step of computing, for each pair, the difference in backscattered power between the right box and the left box, the aircraft being aligned with the axis when the difference is zero for at least two pairs of distance-angle boxes.

Abstract: An apparatus for connecting a lattice tower to the nacelle of a wind turbine. The apparatus has high flexural rigidity and enables direct transition between the nacelle and members of the lattice tower. The apparatus includes two rings joined together with vertical plates extending between them. Upper and lower faces of the apparatus are formed by upper and lower horizontal plates. Central ribs are coupled together and with the vertical plates through a plurality of attachment pieces. The central ribs in part form a large central polygonal hole for accommodating an electrical generator.

Abstract: A form or mold for letters and numbers is filled with different color stucco and mounted to the side of a building or used in landscaping and filled with different color mulch or rocks to display names and addresses. The letters and numbers can have an illuminating feature.

Abstract: An improved illuminated airfield guidance sign of the type used for marking ground traffic routes on runways and taxiways employs LED-based lamps for even illumination of the legend panels. The lamps each employ an array of white LEDs mounted on a generally cylindrical turret, and oriented with the turret axis horizontal, so that the LEDs aim their beams up, down, or laterally, and not towards the legend panels. The illumination has to bounce at least once on an interior reflective surface before reaching the legend panels. These can receive power from storage batteries that are charged from solar panels or wind turbines, with back-up power coming from the standard runway-taxiway power.

Abstract: The present invention relates to airport advertising. Airports are divided into the “landside” to which the general public is permitted and which includes the terminal(s), car parks etc., and the “airside” from which the public is excluded and which includes the runways, taxiing area, apron etc. Billboards (7) which are substantially flush with the ground surface are located in the airside preferably adjacent the runways (2, 3, 4). The billboards (7) are preferably between the runway extremities and a take off/touch down zone (5). Alternatively the billboards are adjacent taxiways or taxiing areas. The billboards can be provided with movable images and/or interior lighting. A typical billboard size is 50 meters×50 meters (0.25 hectares).

Abstract: A modular signaling system for a runway. The signaling system includes a plurality of attachable modules, each particular module from the plurality of modules including a signaling surface, an attachment to attach the particular module to another module from the plurality of modules, and a support connected to the signaling surface. The attachment is connected to the signaling surface and the support is supporting the particular module over the runway.

Abstract: A combination airport air and ground transportation marker and airport traffic way comprises broad, substantially coextensive first and second sheets of pliant material each having a perimeter edge formed with a fluid ballast bladder formed with a fluid inlet for permitting intake and outtake of fluid relative to the bladder for filling and relieving the bladder, and a relief vent for relieving pressure in the bladder during the filling of the bladder with fluid and the relieving of the bladder of fluid. The first sheet is splayed out onto an airport traffic way, and the second sheet is splayed out onto the airport traffic way overlying the first sheet of pliant material, whereby the first and second sheets cooperate forming a marker for the airport traffic way. A charge of fluid fills each of the bladders fluid ballasting the marker relative to the airport traffic way.

Abstract: An aircraft advertising system comprises an aircraft. The aircraft is generally very long with respect to its width and height. A support beam is provided. The support beam has a coupling end and a free end. The coupling end has a pivot pin. In this manner the collapse of the beam is allowed for take off and landing of the aircraft. Also provided is a sign of a durable fabric material. The sign is adapted to display indicia. The sign has a top edge, a bottom edge, a front edge, a rear edge and a pair of faces on either side. The top edge is coupled to the bottom portion of the body of the aircraft. The front edge is coupled to the support beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to airport advertising. Airports are divided into the “landslide” to which the general public is permitted and which includes the terminal(s), car parks etc., and the “airside” from which the public is excluded and which includes runways, taxiing area, apron etc. Billboards (7) which are substantially flush with the ground surface are located in the airside, preferably adjacent the runways (2, 3, 4). The billboards (7) are preferably between the runway extremities and a take off/touch down zone (5). Alternatively the billboards are adjacent taxiways or taxiing areas. The billboards can be provided with movable images and/or interior lighting. A typical billboard size is 50 metres×50 metres (0.25 hectares).

Abstract: An aircraft approach and landing system using passive retroreflective panels strategically placed along both sides of a landing strip or runway comprising pairs of color-coded orange panel markers indicating the touchdown zone and singly, the remainder of the landing strip to a left/right reflected beam envelope within which an aircraft may be centered in order to maintain a desired landing vector. The retroreflective sheeting includes a highly visible fluorescent component to render suitable and effective utility in daytime operation and for nighttime use, wherein dual sided panels along both sides of a landing strip, symmetrical from beginning to end, allows for an aircraft landing strip that will accommodate an aircraft to approach and land from either direction; single sided panels accommodates the aircraft unidirectionally.

Abstract: A golf course indicator for providing information to golfers to help in club selection and understanding course layout. The indicator includes a generally planar upper surface which includes indicia for providing information to a golfer and a post mount for releasably attaching a post to the upper surface. The releasable attachment allows a post to be nondestructively removed from the post mount. A skirt is formed below the upper surface which ends at a bottom face and forms a hollow body. The upper face has a first area and the bottom face has a second area, the second area being greater than the first area to facilitate securing the device into the ground. The device is sized and shaped to fit into a hole in the ground. In a further embodiment the invention includes a post for mounting in the post mount, the post including a lower section sized and shaped to permit the post to be knocked out of the post mount without damaging either the post or the post mount.

Abstract: This invention provides a combination of ground position indicator and aircraft signaling devices for airborne personnel. The disclosed position indicator and signaling devices include a substantially pliable mesh web for deployment upon the ground, the web having a directional indicator and a color or other devices for contrast between the web and the ground so that the web is highly visible to airborne personnel who are in an overhead position adjacent to the ground upon which the web is deployed.

Abstract: A portable rooftop sign includes a large flexible mesh sheet having a plurality of characters or logos disposed on an upper surface. A plurality of sleeves are attached to a lower surface of the sheet. The sign is installed on a generally planar roof of a building near an airport. Elongated weights or rods are slidably inserted into each of the sleeves to secure the flexible sheet to the roof. Each of the elongated weights comprises a plurality of rod sections which are removably connected by threaded ends. Portable light sources on the roof illuminate the sign at night or in low visibility. In colder climates, electric heating elements embedded in the sheet prevent snow and ice accumulation by melting the snow and ice, which then drains through the mesh sheet and is removed by the normal drainage of the roof.

Abstract: A golf course distance marker suited for anchoring in grassy turf includes a cap, an integral hole stop shoulder, a circumferential blade depending from the outside periphery of the shoulder, and a central anchor stem. Distance data is indicated preferably on one or more, removable, colored coded tabs or colored strips sandwiched between the marker cap and a transparent, removable tabs which snap into and anchor within a pair of slots through the top surface of the cap. The circumferential blade extends downward around the periphery of the marker, so that rotation of the marker rotates the blade to cut into the grassy turf at the location being marked. The anchor stem extends coaxially downward below the circumferential blade to insure axial rotation of the marker as the blade cuts into the turf.

Abstract: A ground marker is provided for displaying distance and advertising information on a golf course. The marker has a body that is dimensioned to fit entirely within a predetermined size hole defined in the ground. The body has a top portion and a base that are generally cylindrical and coaxial. The top portion has a transparent top face that is positioned generally flush with the ground surface, and a protruding lip that is dimensioned to bear against the side of the hole. The top face is formed from a clear plastic filler positioned over a card containing markings. The filler has a hardness comparable to the hardness of a grassy fairway. The lip of the marker has a bottom surface that abuts with a tool for permitting easy removal of the marker from the hole. A method of marking distances on a golf course is provided by arranging a plurality of markers at spaced intervals along concentric radii measured from the golf green.

Abstract: An illuminated sign assembly for use on a communications antenna tower. The sign assembly encloses the antenna tower. The sign assembly is mounted to the exterior of the antenna tower by paired support arms connected to the tower legs. The support arms provide an open area between the sign assembly and the tower face. A lighting panel is mounted to the exterior face of the tower within the open area. The sign assembly includes fabric side panels secured to side panel frames carried by the support arms and curved corner sections, which completely enclose the antenna tower.

Abstract: A lightweight wind tube utilized for advertising, constructed of fabric with a constant diameter having annular sleeve at each end. The forward end sleeve being held in an open circle by flexible frame members with furled ends which are positioned in lateral openings in the forward end sleeve to provide attachment points for mounting yoke strings and access for disassembly. The wind tube further includes a rear sleeve formed in the exit end of the tube including a string for adjusting the choke in the exit end of the tube.

Abstract: A surface movement guidance system for airport traffic of a continuous elongated row of one or more indicia extending lengthwise along a route on the airport surface to be traversed by the traffic, which indicia convey information about position on the airport surface.

Abstract: Markers particularly adapted for golf courses have a base with numerical indicia formed thereon. The indicia are preferably raised above the base and have a color that contrasts with the color of the base. In one embodiment the base and the numerical indicia both have upstanding fibril members which resemble the grass surface surrounding the yardage marker. The markers are formed in a mold wherein a fusible material, which may be a vinyl plastisol, having the color desired for the numerical indicia is introduced into the indicia-forming cavities in the mold and gelled. The fusible material having the color desired for the base is then poured into the base-forming cavity. An anchoring fitting is inserted into the base-forming cavity so that a portion thereof will be encapsulated in the material forming the base. After all the components of the marker are received within the mold, it is heated to fuse the fusible material within the mold into an integral whole.

Abstract: Airport twenty-four hour pilot information markers are provided to tell the pilot: upon takeoff or landing how many feet of runway remain; before takeoff or after landing what taxiway he or she is to follow; what is the direction, inboard, outboard, north, south, east, or west, etc.; what is the intersection; what is the holding position; and/or what is the destination; etc.

Abstract: A marker comprises an elastic visible element connected to a base. The visible element extends upwardly from the base so that it may be seen from a distance. The visible element is elastically deformable to allow a machine, such as a mower, to pass over the marker without causing damage. The marker may be illuminated to be visible at night.

Abstract: Runway distances are disclosed on sides of translucent truncated pyramids mounted on spaced runway lights. The pyramids have flat tops and two translucent sloped sides with large numerals which face the runway at 120.degree. angles. A rear face has a port with the hinged door for installation and maintenance access. A flat bottom with a central hole completes the pyramid. Sides and bottom are joined by inner and outer riveted angular channels. Anchor plates cover inner corners of the channels. The pyramids are mounted at thousand foot intervals. Cross bars are painted across the runway between opposite pyramids to promote pilots' perception of the indexed distances. Diffusers in the pyramids wash light evenly over the translucent faces for enhanced visibility. Transformers within the pyramids step up voltage to brighten runway lights.