Abstract: The invention discloses an experimental system of surrounding rock and lining structure under unequal surrounding pressure and water pressure, comprising: reaction wall, lining structure, external water pressure loading mechanism, internal water pressure loading mechanism, prestress-loading mechanism, surrounding rock layer and monitoring device. The Experimental System can simulate the stress characteristics and related deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the lining structure of the water conveyance tunnel under complex internal and external loads in the actual environment, and can help to analyze and study the broken appearance of the lining structure and the crack distribution after cracking.

Abstract: A method of assembling a corrugated structure formed of corrugated metal plates. The corrugated structure may include corrugations extending transversely of the longitudinal length of said corrugated structure. At least some of said corrugated metal plates may include a longitudinal flange extending from each longitudinal edge and a transverse flange extending from each transverse edge. At least some of the flanges may include alignment features. The method includes: bringing adjacent plates into abutting relationship such that alignment features on adjacent plates matingly engage; installing fasteners through aligned holes to secure abutting plates; and repeating said bringing and said installing as necessary until said corrugated structure is assembled.

Abstract: An adjustable lattice girder includes a first lattice girder portion having a first end and a second end positioned opposite the first end, with the first lattice girder portion having a first connection member, and a second lattice girder portion having a first end and a second end positioned opposite the first end, with the second lattice girder portion having a second connection member configured to engage the first connection member. The first connection member is slidable relative to the second connection member between a first position corresponding to a first distance between the second end of the first lattice girder portion and the first end of the second lattice girder portion, and a second position corresponding to a second distance between the second end of the first lattice girder portion and the first end of the second lattice girder portion. The first distance different than the second distance.

Abstract: A corrugated metal plate comprises a plate configured to define a series of crests and troughs, where the plate has longitudinal edges extending parallel to longitudinal axes of the crests and the troughs and transverse edges extending orthogonally to the longitudinal axes of the crests and the troughs. The corrugated metal plate further comprises at least one of: at least one longitudinal flange extending from each longitudinal edge, and at least one transverse flange extending from each transverse edge.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a tower assembly of a wind turbine having a joint assembly configured therein. The tower assembly includes at least one generally cylindrical tower section. The tower section is split into at least a first vertical tower section and a second vertical tower section. Each of the first and second vertical tower sections define an interior wall and an exterior wall separated by a thickness. Further, the tower assembly includes a joint assembly that secures the first and second vertical tower sections together. The joint assembly includes a first L-flange mounted to the interior wall of the first vertical tower section and a second L-flange mounted to the interior wall of the second vertical tower section. The first L-flange faces in a first direction and the second L-flange faces away from the first direction. Further, the first and second L-flanges are separated from the interior walls of the first and second vertical tower sections via an open space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tower part for a wind turbine including at least one wall segment and at least one aperture segment including at least one aperture. The wall segment and the aperture segment are connected and the aperture segment is of a substantially uniform thickness and is thicker than the thickness of the wall segment. The invention further related to an aperture cover system for covering at least one aperture in a tower part for a wind turbine including cover plates and attachments for attaching the system to the tower part, wherein the attachments do not affect the fatigue limit of the tower part. Finally, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a wind turbine tower part and uses thereof.

Abstract: A panel includes a core having a top, a bottom, a first side and a second side. The panel includes a first cap disposed on the top. The panel includes a second cap disposed on the bottom. The panel includes a first grid disposed adjacent the first side. The panel includes a second grid disposed adjacent the second side. The first cap and the second cap and the first grid and the second grid defining a frame which envelopes and holds the core without piercing through the core. A stopping. An overcast. A method for building a wall.

Abstract: A linking tool links segments for a rehabilitating pipe for rehabilitating an existing pipeline. The segment is integrally formed at least from an internal surface plate that constitutes the inner circumferential surface of the rehabilitating pipe, and side plates that have an insertion hole formed thereon and are disposed on both sides of the internal surface plate so as to extend in the circumferential direction of the rehabilitating pipe. The linking tool includes a tubular linking pin that is separable into pin halves and can be inserted into the insertion hole in the side plate of a first segment with a part of the linking pin remaining outside the first segment. The linking tool further includes a separating pin that can be inserted into the linking pin to separate the linking pin into the pin halves and press them against the first segment for anchoring thereto.

Abstract: A conduit repair structure in which solid objects are less likely to accumulate on a conduit bottom and that, even if solid objects accumulate on the conduit bottom, facilitates removal of the solid objects. A hollow frame-like reinforcement body laid substantially along a cross-sectional shape of a conduit (1) is constructed using a reinforcing member (2) having fixing parts (2p) arranged at predetermined intervals on the inner side of the conduit (2). Resin inner face bars (10) are attached to the inner side of the reinforcement body, and a curable filling material is placed in the space formed by the inner face bars (10) and a conduit inner wall (1a) to form a filling material layer (3). A body section (10c) of each inner face bar (10) is formed recessed in its width direction. The recessed shape of the body sections (10c) forms riblets on the bottom of the conduit, and this reduces resistance to water flowing in the conduit.

Abstract: A reinforced soil arch having an archway form, a combination of alternating and interacting layers of compacted mineral soil and geosynthetic reinforcement material placed over and adjacent to the archway form, and a plurality of shear resisting devices secured to the exterior surface of the archway form. The shear resisting devices cause the archway form and the combination of alternating layers of compacted mineral soil and geosynthetic reinforcement material to act as an integral unit when static or dynamic loads are placed on the reinforced soil arch. Methods for constructing a reinforced soil arch are provided.

Abstract: A rehabilitating pipe for repairing an existing pipe has pipe units that are mutually coupled in a longitudinal direction of the existing pipe. Each of the pipe units has segments that are mutually coupled in a circumferential direction of the existing pipe. Each of the segments has an inner-surface plate and an outer-wall plate extending vertically from and around an entire perimeter of the inner-surface plate. The outer-wall plate has lateral plates extending along a longitudinal direction of the inner-surface plate and end plates connected between the respective lateral plates. Connecting members couple the segments together in the circumferential direction to assemble the pipe unit. A restraining member is attached to and encircles an outer circumference of the assembled pipe unit to restrain the pipe unit.

Abstract: In an existing pipe rehabilitating method according to an embodiment, a profile strip (2) for lining an existing pipe (10) is shaped using a thermoplastic resin, joint portions (21) are provided at both end portions in a width direction of the profile strip, and the profile strip (2) is inserted into the existing pipe (10) and is helically wound in the existing pipe (10). The joint portions (21) of adjacent windings of the profile strip (2) are interlocked with each other, thereby forming a rehabilitating pipe (20). Also, the profile strip (2) of the rehabilitating pipe (20) is deformed by a heating step in which the profile strip (2) is subjected to a heating process by a heating means so as to conform a shape of a curved portion (13) of the existing pipe (10), thereby integrating the profile strip (2) with an inner peripheral surface of the curved portion (13) of the existing pipe (10).

Abstract: A linking tool links segments for a rehabilitating pipe for rehabilitating an existing pipeline. The segment is integrally formed at least from an internal surface plate that constitutes the inner circumferential surface of the rehabilitating pipe, and side plates that have an insertion hole formed thereon and are disposed on both sides of the internal surface plate so as to extend in the circumferential direction of the rehabilitating pipe. The linking tool includes a tubular linking pin that is separable into pin halves and can be inserted into the insertion hole in the side plate of a first segment with a part of the linking pin remaining outside the first segment. The linking tool further includes a separating pin that can be inserted into the linking pin to separate the linking pin into the pin halves and press them against the first segment for anchoring thereto.

Abstract: A conduit repair structure in which solid objects are less likely to accumulate on a conduit bottom and that, even if solid objects accumulate on the conduit bottom, facilitates removal of the solid objects. A hollow frame-like reinforcement body laid substantially along a cross-sectional shape of a conduit (1) is constructed using a reinforcing member (2) having fixing parts (2p) arranged at predetermined intervals on the inner side of the conduit (2). Resin inner face bars (10) are attached to the inner side of the reinforcement body, and a curable filling material is placed in the space formed by the inner face bars (10) and a conduit inner wall (1a) to form a filling material layer (3). A body section (10c) of each inner face bar (10) is formed recessed in its width direction. The recessed shape of the body sections (10c) forms riblets on the bottom of the conduit, and this reduces resistance to water flowing in the conduit.

Abstract: A compression body is inserted into the contraction joint between two tunnel lining elements, which body deforms in response to a compressive load caused by the tunnel lining elements moving towards each other. The compression body is composed of a material containing voids, and has a compressive strength of at least 1 MPa and a void fraction of between 10% and 90% of its total volume. The compression body may be composed, for example, of steel foam, or of a mixture which contains cement and blown-glass particles or plastic particles. When a predetermined compressive load is exceeded, the voids within the compression body collapse in a stepwise manner, or are compressed in a stepwise manner.

Abstract: A block unit for repairing flow passage facilities is provided for permitting a desired repair operation. A method of repairing flow passage facilities using the block unit is also provided. The block unit includes an inner plate defining an inner surface, an outer plate disposed along a peripheral edge of the inner plate, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs for reinforcing the inner plate and the outer plate. The block units adjoining in a circumferential direction are joined together with bolts inserted through both circumferential end faces of each the block unit and nuts fitted on the bolts to form a short tube within a flow passage. The short tubes are connected in a longitudinal direction to form a continuous tubular assembly having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the flow passage. A grout material is injected into a clearance space formed between the tubular assembly and the flow passage.

Abstract: A pier-repairing and reinforcing panel is used in a method of repairing and reinforcing a pier. The panel includes locking members, locking ribs, reinforcing ribs, and clips. The method includes the steps of: installing a watertight caisson around a pier and removing water from the gap between the caisson and pier. Impurities are removed from the pier's surface, and a plurality of panels are installed around the pier while sealing the junctions of the panels. A plurality of reinforcing steel bars are arrayed in the gap between the pier and panels, and the panels are then affixed to the steel bars or the pier using anchor bolts. The gap between the pier and the panels are then filled with concrete. The pier is effectively repaired and reinforced while separating the reinforced concrete from water, thus protecting the concrete and steel bars for a desired lengthy period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel easily-cuttable tunnel segment structure used for the departure of a shield machine from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel or the return to the main tunnel from the branch tunnel, and provides an easily-cuttable tunnel segment structure 1 constructed by connecting a plurality of easily-cuttable tunnel segment pieces 2 in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel, wherein at least an easily-cuttable area 3 is formed by concrete 7 in which easily-cuttable reinforcement members are arranged, and a join disposed at least in the easily-cuttable area 3 in the longitudinal direction has an easily-cuttable join structure.

Abstract: A method of repairing and reinforcing a pier using stones. The method includes installing a watertight caisson around a pier and removing water from the gap between the caisson and pier prior to repairing the pier. The method can also include removing impurities from the pier's surface; arraying a plurality of reinforcing steel bars around the pier; laying stones outside the arrayed steel bars while fixing the stones to the steel bars or the pier, and filling the gap between the pier and the stones with concrete.

Abstract: Continuous method of realization of underground tunnels, including the steps of making a plurality of guided perforations of small cross-section around a periphery of an underground tunnel to be realized and extending at least a majority of length of the underground tunnel to be realized, by perforation equipment with a movable perforation head, filling each guided perforation through at least one of reinforcements and aggregating materials to consolidate the tunnel with a resistant arrangement according to precise static conditions, and excavating the tunnel within the filled perforations.

Abstract: A mine ventilation structure with a deck made up of panels of inverted channel shape modified to be of relatively light weight yet strong.

Abstract: A coupler device for joining together two segments of a tunnel or shaft lining ring, the device being characterised by a double ended male dowel having an externally grooved cylindrical portion adjacent to both ends. This dowel engages in recesses cast into the segment. A reverse tapered sleeve is cast in the recesses retaining an expandable collar formed of a plurality of arcuate segments, these arctuate segments having complimentary grooves on their inner surface to mate with the grooves on the dowel and a tapered external circumferential portion to abut the reverse tapered sleeve. As the dowel is inserted the arcuate segments, being retained elastically within the reverse tapered sleeve, lock the male part of the device into the recess preventing the device from pulling out.

Abstract: A coupler device for joining together two segments of a tunnel or shaft lining ring, the device being characterised by a double ended male dowel having an externally grooved cylindrical portion adjacent to both ends. This dowel engages in recesses cast into the segment. A reverse tapered sleeve is cast in the recesses retaining an expandable collar formed of a plurality of arcuate segments, these arctuate segments having complimentary grooves on their inner surface to mate with the grooves on the dowel and a tapered external circumferential portion to abut the reverse tapered sleeve. As the dowel is inserted the arcuate segments, being retained elastically within the reverse tapered sleeve, lock the male part of the device into the recess preventing the device from pulling out.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel easily-cuttable tunnel segment structure used for the departure of a shield machine from a main tunnel to a branch tunnel or the return to the main tunnel from the branch tunnel, and provides an easily-cuttable tunnel segment structure 1 constructed by connecting a plurality of easily-cuttable tunnel segment pieces 2 in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel, wherein at least an easily-cuttable area 3 is formed by concrete 7 in which easily-cuttable reinforcement members are arranged, and a join disposed at least in the easily-cuttable area 3 in the longitudinal direction has an easily-cuttable join structure.

Abstract: A mine stopping installed in a mine passageway includes a rigid wall extending across the passageway to close the passageway. The wall includes a first wall section extending from one side of the passageway at a first angle and a second wall section extending from an opposite side of the passageway at an oblique angle relative to the opposite side such that the wall sections are arranged in a non-coplanar, non-parallel relationship with respect to one another. A method of installation is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for joining two concrete members together, such as concrete tunnel or shaft lining segments (1, 2) includes at least one elastic female member (6) anchored in one of the segments and at least one elastic male member (7) anchored in the other of the segment to be joined. The female members (6) are provided with recesses (6A) to receive heads (7A) of the male members (7), each female member (6) being slotted at 6B to receive a respective web (7B) of the male members (7) and is undercut at 6C to receive the head (7A). At least one of the male and female members has a sloping engagement face (8, 9) to provide wedging action by acting to draw the head of the male member further into the female member as the web of the male member is moved along the slot.

Abstract: A tunnel-forming overcast structure for incorporation in the installation of an overcast construction at the intersection of two intersecting passages in a mine, each passage constituting an airway for flow of air for mine ventilation having an upstream and a downstream mouth at the intersection. The structure includes a pair of generally parallel side walls each having a top and a deck extending from the top of one of the side walls to the top of the other side wall and connected to the side walls. Each side wall comprises a plurality of elongate generally vertically extensible panels extending generally vertically in side-by-side relation. Each panel includes an upper member and a lower member, one of the members having a sliding fit in the other. The lower members are in a relatively non-extensible position with respect to the upper members in the structure and are ultimately extensible for completing walling off of the upstream and downstream mouths of one of the airways.

Abstract: One end of a circumferential joining end surface 2 of segments 1 which are joined together in the circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel is made the male side circumferential joining end surface 2a on which a male coupler 4 is provided, and the other end is made a female side circumferential joining end surface 2b on which a female coupler 5 is provided. On a base plate 7, a bolt 10, which provides an engagement part 16 comprising a flat washer 13, a disc spring 14, and a head 15, is erected, and made a male coupler 4. An engagement plate 23, formed by a notch 22 which engages the bolt 10, and is inserted and engaged between the base plate 7 and the engagement part 16, and tightly held by the elastic force of the disc springs 14, is made the female coupler 5.

Abstract: A segment for lining cavities, in particular tunnels, includes a substantially shell-shaped body bounded by an inner face, an outer face and side faces, with at least one opening in a side face for the purpose of receiving a dowel. The opening being configured as a substantially cylindrical bore into which projects a tube of limited deformability. A gap being provided between the outer circumference of the tube and the wall of the bore.

Abstract: A method and device for sealing the joint formed by the connection of adjacent sheet piling sections. Prior to installation in the ground, a housing having an open side is attached near the edge of a sheet piling section. A barrier is inserted between the open side of the housing and the sheet piling section and a sealant material is added to the housing. After the sheet piling section and the attached housing are installed in the ground, the barrier is removed and the sealant material contacts the joint to form a watertight seal.

Abstract: A mine ventilation structure used to block a passageway or to prevent mixture of ventilation air at the intersection of two passageways. The passageway has sidewalls and a ceiling. The ventilation structure is formed of panels, each of the panels having spaced apart wire grids with an insulation core. The grids are interconnected with strut wires passing through the insulation core and forming a truss system. A layer of concrete is applied as gunite or shotcrete to the panels embedding the strut wires and covering the wire grids. The layer of concrete extends beyond the margins of the ventilation structure onto the sidewalls and ceiling of the passageway forming a monolithic structure sealed in the passageway that is virtually impervious to air.

Abstract: A shaping member for the finishing of junctions for "Climaver Plus" type glass wool piping comprising a unitary flat plate of bendable material which can be folded into sections to form a shape such that the shaping member can be placed at the junction of two glass wool elements.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for joining structural units. A structural unit, such as a precast concrete section of pipe, decking, bridge structure, building structure, or pavement, includes a plurality of spaced, longitudinally aligned tubular members. The ends of each structural unit are flush, and the ends of the tubular members are flush with the ends of the structural units. When two of such units are to be joined together, a guide member is inserted in one end of each of the first tubular members in the first structural unit, while an internally threaded insert member is inserted into a corresponding end of each tubular member in the second structural unit. The guide members and insert members have axial apertures with the aperture in the insert member being internally threaded. The two structural units are brought together so that each guide member on the first structural unit enters into the corresponding end of the tubular members containing the inserts in the second structural unit.

Abstract: A device for joining two members together such as concrete segments for a tunnel lining ring includes a first sleeve for fitting in one of the members to open at a surface thereof and a second sleeve for fitting in the other member. A connecting pin with external ribbing fits in both sleeves, which have internal ribbing, the ribbing of the connecting pin and/or the ribbing of at least one of said sleeves being of resilient material and extending in a substantially parallel direction at an inclined angle to a longitudinal axis of the connecting pin when it is, in use, inserted in the sleeves. The bore of one sleeve is of greater cross-sectional area in one dimension than the bore in the other sleeve, in which other bore the connecting pin can engage as a tight fit, while being able to engage in the firstmentioned bore and traverse it in said one dimension.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for joining structural units. A structural unit, such as a precast concrete section of pipe, decking, bridge structure, building structure, or pavement, includes a plurality of spaced, longitudinally aligned tubular members. The ends of each structural unit are flush, and the ends of the tubular members are flush with the ends of the structural units. When two of such units are to be joined together, a guide member is inserted in one end of each of the first tubular members in the first structural unit, while an internally threaded insert member is inserted into a corresponding end of each tubular member in the second structural unit. The guide members and insert members have axial apertures with the aperture in the insert member being internally threaded. The two structural units are brought together so that each guide member on the first structural unit enters into the corresponding end of the tubular members containing the inserts in the second structural unit.

Abstract: A general segment 20 which is propelled and set in an excavated hole by a propulsion excavating machine, and a flexible segment where flexible members 4 and rigid ring members are alternately installed and connected inside the skin-plate 7 provided on the outer periphery side of the side rings 5 having the same thickness as the general segment and a thrust-receiving member 9 is provided inside the flexible portion, are propelled and set by the propulsion excavating machine and then secondary coating concrete 30 including a secondary watertight band 15 is applied to said side ring. As a segment for a shield tunneling method, the flexible segment appropriately provides flexibility to quickly cope with earthquakes and uneven settlement. The flexible segment may be handled in the same manner as a standard general segment during excavation work, providing excellent application potential.

Abstract: A mine ventilation structure for installation at the intersection of first and second passageways in a mine. The ventilation structure defines a first passage communicating with the first passageway and a second passage communicating with the second passageway. The ventilation structure includes a pair of generally parallel, spaced-apart side walls defining the side walls of the first passage, and a plurality of elongate deck panels extending between the side walls and forming the roof of one of the first and second passages and the floor of the other of the first and second passages. Each deck panel is a sheet metal panel generally of inverted channel shape in transverse cross section, having an upper web and side flanges extending down from the upper web at opposite sides of the web. Tie bars hold the deck panels together in fixed side-by-side relation with the side flanges of the panels closely adjacent one another so that the webs of the panels form a substantially continuous surface.

Abstract: A structure including at least two generally parallel, spaced-apart side walls, and a plurality of roof panels extending between the side walls for forming the roof of the structure. Each roof panel has opposite ends overlying the upper ends of respective side walls. The roof panels and side wails are constructed with a bayonet connection device for quick connection.

Abstract: A tubbing-type tunnel lining, which comprises a plurality of tubbing rings, each of which consists of an even number of tubbing blocks, which are similar or identical and have a trapezium-shaped or trapezoidal or diamond basic shape and are so arranged that the joints between adjacent rings are defined by the end faces of said blocks and are connected together by plug-connections, which permit a restricted transmission of shear forces, and in each ring are connected at inclined longitudinal gaps by key-groove connections consisting of continuous longitudinal grooves in inclined longitudinal side faces and keys inserted therein.

Abstract: A tunnel wall with a lining is comprised of substantially trapeze- or trapezoid-shaped tubbing stones (8-13), which are at least similar and complement each other in an even number to form a respective tubbing ring (7), the tubbing stones being held together at their end faces (14, 15) defining the annular gap after mounting by dowel-like plug connections permitting a limited transfer of shearing forces and along the oblique longitudinal gaps (16) by groove-spring connections consisting of springs (18) inserted into longitudinal grooves (17) extending along the oblique longitudinal sides.

Abstract: A new combination of means and method steps is used in a method of constructing long tunnels with a lining, wherein excavation is effected with a tunnel boring machine (1) with a yielding shield mantle (4), building is effected continuously under the protection of the shield tail in a modular construction with tubbing stones of a special form complementing each other to form tubbing rings (15) while, until a new equilibrium of the rock formation is reached, occurring deformation forces are absorbed by the shield tail (4) and the tubbing rings which are yieldingly constructed to a limited degree, an outer seal of the tubes is provided and the gap between the excavation (2) and the tunnel tubes is filled with a material (22) which may be yielding to a limited extent to absorb long-time deformation forces. A tunnel construction made by the method, special forms of tubbing stones and new embodiments of drive means for the tunnel are disclosed.

Abstract: A connector assembly for use in fastening two plate members together, particularly such members may be mill hole liner ring segments or mill hole liner rings which are fastened together to form a mill hole chute. The connector assembly is comprised of a connector tongue, connector clip and a wedge means. The connector clip is attached to a first plate member and extends outward perpendicularly from said plate member. The connector tongue is attached to a second plate member. In use the two plate members are aligned in edge to edge abutment so that the connector tongue is inserted through the aperture in the connector clip. A wedge means is then inserted through the aperture in the connector tongue. The wedge means is held in place by frictional forces between the wedge, the connector tongue and the connector clip. The wedge means is driven into the aperture causing the plate members to be connected and positioned in edge to edge alignment.

Abstract: A liner for large diameter pipes is formed from lengths of PVC panels (10) which are cut to length and placed around the wall of the pipe, the ends (19) of the panels being butt-joined by joining strips (20). Each panel (10) has a formation along one side complementary with a formation along the other side so that adjacent panels (10) can be clipped together to form a liner extending from manhole to manhole along the pipe.

Abstract: The prestressed concrete lining has several reinforcement elements (32) distributed around the circumference and along the length of the pressure tunnel. There are prestressing elements (38, 39, 40, 41) which encompass at least a part of the circumference of the pressure tunnel. A bottom part (35) is disposed within the pressure tunnel, formed of several elongated anchorage bodies (15) in series. Each of the anchorage bodies (15) has an essentially U-shaped cross section. In each of the arms (2, 3) of the anchorage bodies turned towards the inside of the tunnel there are first means (5) for passing through at least one of each of the prestressing elements (38, 39, 40, 41). An bearing plate (8) is disposed on each of the facing inner surfaces of the arms in the region of each of the first pass-through means (5). Second means (10) for passing through at least one of each of the prestressing elements (38, 39, 40, 41) are foreseen in the base arm of the anchorage body 15.

Abstract: An arcuate tunnel lining segment includes a precast concrete body that is divided into two angularly adjoining segment parts by a compressible strip which runs the length of the segment and throughout the thickness thereof. The segment parts are held fastened together through the strip by a plurality of connectors each having two laterally protruding ends which are embedded in the respective segment parts. The connectors are anchored in a way that permits the adjoining faces of the segment parts to move towards one another as the compressible strip becomes compressed in use.

Abstract: An improvement in corrugated structural panels, useful in the construction of tunnels, shoring, and other pressure bearing or containing structures, wherein the improvement comprises the utilization of a prism element transverse to the longitudinal axis of the corrugation in the design of the end sections of each corrugation within the panel thereby providing means to collect shear, bending and axial stresses from the corrugated panel and transmit them to the panel's supporting edge.

Abstract: To store radioactive materials in bore holes of salt domes these bore holes are lined with superimposed tubular sections made of metallic material including in each case of an outer ring and an inner ring which are securely joined together by an intermediate ring of an electrochemically nobler material; the joining of the tubular section with each other is carried out by welding the intermediate rings and by inserting support rings in corresponding recesses of the outer rings.

Abstract: Enclosing structures having tubular sections which are elliptical in cross-section, each section being an assembly of prefabricated components corresponding to a portion of the cross-section of the tubular section and including side components and a vault forming upper component, and optionally a base component, the side components having stabilizing members at their lowermost ends, joints being provided to integrally interconnect the components to form a unitary structure.

Abstract: An arcuate concrete section (13) for forming a tunnel has a groove (12) around its edges for accommodating a rectangular frame sealing ring (11) of moulded rubber for sealing adjacent sections (13) together. The sealing ring (11) has a section (FIG. 3) with holes (20, 21, and 22) and grooves (23) for allowing distortion as the concrete sections are forced together edge to edge. At the corner of the sealing ring the section is moulded solid (FIG. 6), but with larger grooves (34) to allow for distortion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tunnel lining is provided made up of arcuate liner segments having a formed body with two end walls and two substantially parallel sidewalls, at least two pins extending from one sidewall intermediate its length in the median plane of the body and transverse to said sidewall, a like number of openings in the other sidewall each adapted to receive one of said at least two pins from two adjacent interfitting segments and locking means in said opening permitting insertion of said at least two pins in said openings of adjacent segments and lockingly engaging the same against removal and urging said two adjacent fittings into tight end to end engagement.