Abstract: Disclosed is a three-parameter strength reduction method for slope stability evaluation. The present disclosure reflects the difference in the attenuation and contribution of the cohesion, internal friction angle and tensile strength in the process of slope instability by reducing the three parameters by different reduction factors. Based on the sudden change of the characteristic point displacement of the slope as a criterion of slope instability, the present disclosure derives the fitting relationship between the characteristic point displacement and the cohesion reduction factor. The present disclosure assumes that the comprehensive safety factor satisfies a linear relationship with the cohesion reduction factor, the internal friction angle reduction factor and the tensile strength reduction factor and derives the relationship between the comprehensive safety factor and the cohesion reduction factor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing watercourse blocks continuously arranged in the construction spot, which continuously arranges the watercourse blocks according to the construction spot by preparing iron bar grates to be orthogonal to each other inside molding frames that are continuously arranged, casting concrete, preventing moisture evaporation and frost damage and employing iron bar grates so that the watercourse blocks continuously arranged according to the construction spot can be manufactured and constructed on the spot. Therefore, works for manufacturing the watercourse blocks in a plant and then assembling or fixing them in the construction spot according to the related art can be reduced as much as possible, the watercourse blocks can be simply manufactured and constructed on the spot to reduce a manufacturing cost and a construction time, which can thus significantly reduce the prime cost of the construction cost and diminish accident risk.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for constructing an environmentally-friendly retaining wall using a soil bag for vegetation and fixing members and an installation structure thereof, in which the retaining wall is constructed by staggering soil bag blocks filled with regular amounts of soil.

Abstract: A gabion deployment system comprising: a container (30) for retaining a gabion (22) and a gabion (22) of the folding type comprising hingedly attached, connected side walls (16 & 18) and cross-members (12) such that it can be folded for storage and deployed for use; a retaining means (50) associated with the container (30) for retaining the gabion (20) in the container; and at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentive engaging means (66) for attaching, connecting or retentively engaging at least one part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50); wherein the at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentively engaging means (66) is adapted to attach, connect or retentively engage a part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is folded but to release the gabion (22) from the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is deployed.

Abstract: A gabion deployment system comprising: a container (30) for retaining a gabion (22) and a gabion (22) of the folding type comprising hingedly attached, connected side walls (16 & 18) and cross-members (12) such that it can be folded for storage and deployed for use; a retaining means (50) associated with the container (30) for retaining the gabion (20) in the container; and at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentive engaging means (66) for attaching, connecting or retentively engaging at least one part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50); wherein the at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentively engaging means (66) is adapted to attach, connect or retentively engage a part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is folded but to release the gabion (22) from the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is deployed.

Abstract: A gabion deployment system comprising: a container (30) for retaining a gabion (22) and a gabion (22) of the folding type comprising hingedly attached, connected side walls (16 & 18) and cross-members (12) such that it can be folded for storage and deployed for use; a retaining means (50) associated with the container (30) for retaining the gabion (20) in the container; and at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentive engaging means (66) for attaching, connecting or retentively engaging at least one part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50); wherein the at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentively engaging means (66) is adapted to attach, connect or retentively engage a part of the gabion (22) to the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is folded but to release the gabion (22) from the retaining means (50) when the gabion (22) is deployed.

Abstract: Improved erosion control systems are provided which, in some embodiments, may comprise large, porous aggregate stabilized with a continuous mesh and a polymeric binding agent. In some embodiments, an erosion control system may include an aggregate layer comprising porous aggregate having a particle size of at least 7.5 mm and containing no more than 5% by weight of smaller particles; a continuous mesh disposed at an upper surface of the aggregate layer; and a polymer adhesive affixing at least some aggregate particles to each other and affixing the mesh to some of the aggregate particles, wherein the polymer adhesive permanently binds the aggregate and mesh such that the system remains porous. The polymer may be applied in-situ after the mesh has been placed on the aggregate.

Abstract: A gabion deployment system comprising: a container for retaining a gabion and a gabion of the folding type comprising hingedly attached, connected side walls and cross-members such that it can be folded for storage and deployed for use; a retaining means associated with the container for retaining the gabion in the container; and at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentive engaging means for attaching, connecting or retentively engaging at least one part of the gabion to the retaining means; wherein the at least one releasable attaching, connecting or retentively engaging means is adapted to attach, connect or retentively engage a part of the gabion to the retaining means when the gabion is folded but to release the gabion from the retaining means when the gabion is deployed.

Abstract: A liner is the product of reaction of (a) a hydrophilic prepolymer bearing isocyanate groups; and (b) a water-borne polymer dispersion, the polymer bearing groups that are reactive to isocyanate groups; wherein the dispersion has a sufficiently high solids content, and the polymer has a sufficiently high modulus and glass transition or crystalline melting temperature, that the product of reaction exhibits a 24-hour Tensile Strength of at least about 2.5 MPa.

Abstract: A liner is the product of reaction of (a) a hydrophilic prepolymer bearing isocyanate groups; and (b) a water-borne polymer dispersion, the polymer bearing groups that are reactive to isocyanate groups; wherein the dispersion has a sufficiently high solids content, and the polymer has a sufficiently high modulus and glass transition or crystalline melting temperature, that the product of reaction exhibits a 24-hour Tensile Strength of at least about 2.5 MPa.

Abstract: A method for providing a protective coating in a mine comprising spraying onto the rock surfaces of the mine a hot melt adhesive in an amount to form a coating at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm in thickness and allowing the coating to solidify. The hot melt adhesive preferably has a melting point on the range from 70 to 250 degrees Centigrade and may include a filler such as an inert material in finely divided form such as ground limestone, mica, sand and silica, the filler comprising between 1 and 40% by weight of the combined weight of adhesive and filler.

Abstract: A method for reinforcing a slope in which field ground deformation characteristics of an unstable slope can be rapidly and reliably judged and the unstable slope recovered and restored to its own natural state by introduction and application of an earth reinforcement theory, where apparent cohesion is increased by reinforcement members.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reinforcing a slope, in which field ground deformation characteristics of an unstable slope can be rapidly and reliably judged, and the unstable slope is recovered and restored to its own natural state so as to make it possible to secure stability by introduction and application of an earth reinforcement theory, i.e., a theory that an apparent cohesion is increased by reinforcement members.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for boring a large-section tunnel safely and quickly by reinforcing and improving in advance the ground over the full length of the tunnel section, which includes; boring a top drift (2) through the full length of the tunnel (1) section, drilling curved holes inclined in forward or backward directions at an angle of about 45 degrees at preset intervals from the top drift (2) along the peripheral edges of the sections of the tunnel (1) by using ordinary small bore rock drills and curved steel pipes (3), pulling off the steel pipes (3) after inserting injection pipes into the drilled holes, injecting grout into the ground surrounding the tunnel through the injection pipes to develop artificial ground arches (4), excavating the tunnel (1), advancing suspension forms (6) and placing concrete for secondary lining.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the stiffness of soil by forming an opening in the ground, inserting an expandable member, and distending the expandable member.

Abstract: A method for filling a void using an aggregate material, such as mine tailings, the fill material being pumped from a site which is located remote from the void. A fluid, aerated material is formed by mixing the particulate solid material with finished foam. The aerated material may also include cement or another binder for applications requiring structural strength. The bubble structure which results from incorporating the foam constituent in the fill material renders this much more fluid and pumpable, thereby allowing the use of much higher solids-to-water ratios than would otherwise be possible while still being able to pump the material over significant distances. This reduces the possibly of fluidic collapse of the material in the void, and produces other advantages as well.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for installing a mine support (pillar, or pillar and grout bag) in a mine. The following are practiced: Locating a form in the mine where it is desired to provide support, the form being composed of a plurality of engaging parts shaped to produce a pillar when filled with a settable material, and the parts being disengageable to permit subsequent removal. Filling the form with a settable cementitous material and allowing the material to set to produce a pillar in the mine which is cuttable with a coal shearer. And, removing the form. When there is a gap between the top of the pillar and the roof of the mine a bag of yieldable grout is inserted in the gap. After use the support may be removed by cutting through the pillar and the bag of yieldable material, and the form may be reused to make a second pillar.