Abstract: An underground water channel is provided in an underground of a large depth, and rain water and the like flow into this underground channel from flood control channels, conduits and rivers through vertical shafts. A pump well of a pump station is connected to a downstream end of the underground channel, and water flowing into the pump well is discharged by a pump to a discharge tank. The pump is disposed generally at a medium water level of the underground channel, and a lowest water level L.W.L enabling draining is the medium water level of the underground channel. In an open channel flow operation of an open channel-closed channel mixed flow operation, water level of the underground channel is maintained at the lowest water level L.W.L, so that the underground channel is in an open channel condition.

Abstract: A device for collection and containment of spilled or leaked liquid hydrocarbons absorbs pollutants that come in contact. The absorbed material is solidified-within the pillow into a rubber-like mass. An impermeable layer-of material may be utilized in forming the bottom layer of the outer envelope of the device to retain accumulated hydrocarbons-within the pillow while further allowing the contaminants to disperse throughout the device for absorption and solidification. The impermeable layer prevents spilled or leaked hydrocarbons from contaminating the surface below the device. The consolidated mass is easily retrieved and handled for disposal. A variety of options may be utilized in disposing of the spent device, including recycling the rubber-like mass as a component of tar-like materials, such as asphalt. The solidified hydrocarbons will not leech when exposed to pressure limits used to determine landfill suitability.

Abstract: A water ride attraction is disclosed which utilizes a containerless riding surface to eliminate disadvantageous boundary layer effects. A sheet flow of water is directed up the incline to produce a simulated wave. The configuration and contour of the riding surface and the various flow parameters can be widely varied to produce numerous desirable wave conditions.

Abstract: The invention features a multiple compartment drainage conduit with a plurality of diverter pipes connected thereto. The conduit is generally triangular in shape making leveling and burying less labor intensive, and resulting in less settling of fill material. The attached plurality of diverter pipes discharge a portion of the conduits' flow during periods of heavy rainfall or flooding, preventing a backup at the conduit inlet. The multiple compartment conduit includes a plurality of knock out plugs for the connection of diverter pipes at desired locations. Snap connections at opposite ends of the conduit are provided so that plural conduits can be interconnected.

Abstract: A method and system for collecting and containing leachate from a landfill uses a submerged drainage sink to develop a flow pattern towards the drainage sink contained within a containment zone, and therefore minimizes the chance of contaminating area groundwater. In a first embodiment of the invention for use in a substantially flat area, a perimeter barrier wall is provided and extends downward into a bottom barrier layer, such as an aquitard, a clay layer, or a synthetic material. The barrier wall and the bottom barrier layer define a containment zone containing the drainage sink, which is disposed below the groundwater level. Leachate and groundwater are permitted to mix within the sink. The desired flow pattern towards the drainage sink is induced by collecting and removing the leachate/groundwater mixture from the drainage sink to lower the leachate level in the drainage sink to a level which is below the groundwater level outside of the wall and below the piezometric level below the sink.

Abstract: A wall surface of a structure to be rendered antifouling is covered with antifouling panels caused to firmly adhere thereto and fixed. Not only can this work be conducted easily and quickly but also part of the antifouling panels can be easily replaced. The disclosed antifouling wall structure and method of constructing the antifouling wall are characterized in that antifouling panels each comprising a base material layer and, formed thereon, an antifouling paint layer are arranged on a wall surface of structure to be rendered antifouling so that the antifouling panels have their side of antifouling paint layer brought into contact with water and detachably fixed by means of fastening members.

Abstract: An environmental control dike system constructed of a plurality of bolted steel sections supported by steel posts set in concrete below average frost depths, the interior area of the steel wall having a synthetic liner cover with mating geotextile pad, joined to the flanged top of the steel wall by a plurality of V-shaped steel clamps sized to securely form the synthetic liner and geotextile pad, compressed gently but firmly, into a 180 degree fold around the flanged top of the steel wall, the V-shaped steel clamp being held securely in place by a plurality of self drilling screws into the top flange of the steel wall.

Abstract: An underwater erosion control system that has viscous drag elements for increasing the effect of viscous drag and disrupting laminar flow on the water current has a frame that includes two longitudinal supports that extend along the length of the underwater erosion control system near its bottom portion. The longitudinal supports extend at opposite sides of the viscous drag elements. A plurality of rungs traverse the longitudinal supports and are spaced some distance apart from each other. The viscous drag elements may be panels secured to the rungs along their retaining portion. Apertures are formed within the retaining portion of the panels and are used to retain the panels from lateral movement by passing an inner support through the apertures parallel to the longitudinal supports. The frame may be flexible or rigid. A novel installation frame and a method for installing the rigid frame embodiment also are disclosed.

Abstract: A precast prerotation basin system for use in a wet well for removing water or fluid therefrom is disclosed which comprises a prefabricated, three-dimensional body having a prerotation basin and fluid entrance channel. The precast prerotation basin presents an improvement over prior methods of forming prerotation basins downhole in a wet well because the basin system of the present invention is prefabricated, easily transportable and can be placed in a wet well without the need for providing a cement casing or floor beforehand. The precast prerotation basin of the present invention is pre-structured for accurate alignment of a centrifugal pump therein and eliminates the cost and inaccuracies of forming prerotation basins from molding cement downhole.

Abstract: The VoSmart (a Variable Orifice/ Selective Monitored Artificial Recharge Throttle) Valve is a disclosed and the preferred embodiment of a hydraulically actuated flow control device that permits the calibrated throttling of water used in Artificial Storage and Recovery (ASR), Salt Water Barrier, Dedicated Recharge and Injection Wells to prevent the free cascading of water and thereby eliminate the entrainment of air which may cause air fouling, bio-fouling, and calcite formation with the resultant reduction in permeability of the aquifer. Wherein the VoSmart Valve includes a fixed tubular member which is selectively mounted in one of three ways: 1) to the lower end of the pump column, below the pump with a check valve/strainer mounted below the unit, a co-generation/recharge feature, 2) to the lower end of the pump column, and above the check valve and submersible pump and 3) To the lower end of the drop pipe, with a blind flange connected to the bottom end of the valve, a dedicated recharge well application.

Abstract: A fluid-fillable barrier includes a tubular, impermeable membrane and at least one tension member. The membrane has a first attachment area and a second attachment area. The tension member secures between, and extends from, the first attachment area to the second attachment area. When in tension, the tension member may pivot with respect to the membrane, and has a taut length which is less than one-half of the perimeter of a cross section of the membrane, the length and perimeter being measured at a common cross-section taken perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the membrane.

Abstract: A new rainwater saver system using the principle of water following a line of least resistance, the rainwater saver system being for collecting water and redistributing it for various purposes. The rainwater saver system includes a housing having a lower and upper exit tube. The lower exit tube is connected to a hose leading to a storage container. The upper tube is connected to a regular drainage system for draining water when the storage container is filled.

Abstract: The present invention is a boat activated wave generating device for use in a body of water. The wave generating device preferably has wave forming sections that help to create wave shapes and wake formations upon which surfing and/or other skimming maneuvers can be performed. The wave forming sections are moved by the boat and have forward leading edges and upper flow forming surfaces. The device can be pivotally connected to the boat and pulled, or directly attached to the side of the boat hull. In operation, the device is moved through the water such that the forward leading edges are submerged to lift water onto the flow forming surfaces. Water flowing on and conforming to the surfaces is directed relatively upwardly and/or laterally across the surfaces, to create various wave shapes and wake formations thereon.

Abstract: A method for modifying the flow of water in a channel includes creating a flow modifier by first obtaining a plurality of rigid substantially linear posts and obtaining at least one prefabricated brace configured for connection to the posts. The prefabricated brace is configured with two spaced apart rigid anchor ends, one of which has at least two spaced apart anchor sites. A plurality of rigid cross beams connect the anchor ends, with the cross beams and the anchor ends all substantially coplanar. A plurality of vertically extending vanes may also be arrayed across the prefabricated brace. The method also includes driving at least two of the posts into the channel bed and securely connecting at least one prefabricated brace to the posts at the anchor sites. An agglomeration matrix may be positioned against the prefabricated brace for supporting and accumulating materials which amplify the flow modification effect of the prefabricated brace and matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides a road spillway comprising a porous removable deck over a ditch across a road. The road has a surface for driving on. Solid supports are provided on opposite sides of the ditch and below the surface of the road. Span members span the ditch generally below the surface of the road, removably resting on the solid supports. Deck members are positioned above, and attached to, the span members. A rigid grader bar may be attached to the top of the deck members, spanning the porous deck. The span members and deck members form a porous deck resting on the supports and spanning the ditch. The deck has a top for driving on which is generally at the level of the surface of the road. A settling pond may be provided in fluid communication with the ditch.

Abstract: A chemical pump containment for enclosing chemical injection pumps mounted on portable chemical tanks used at remote injection sites for collecting leakage generally associated with such pumps and returning such leakage to the tank without contamination. The invention including a lower housing having an adapter for securing the containment to the tank and containing one or more pumps suspended therein. A water tight upper portion is provided and attached to the lower portion by a single fastener for fast removal and service. Leakage from the pumps or connection thereto passes directly though an opening in the adapter and is returned to the tank. The entire containment assembly including its tank adapter may be easily removed when filling the tank with chemicals.

Abstract: A below-grade fuel delivery and storage system is constructed in the form of a fully vaulted system located under the dispenser area. The vault is made of concrete; and all of the plumbing, fill, vapor recovery locations and the bulk storage tank itself are located entirely within the vault. The fill pipes for tanks located within the vault extend through openings in the roof of the vault. Similarly, fuel delivery lines extend from the tanks upwardly through openings in the vault roof to dispensers located directly above the vault.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating groundwater in situ in rock or soil. An elongate permeable upgradient zone and an elongate permeable downgradient zone, each in hydraulic communication with a permeable subsurface treatment zone and having a major axis parallel to a non-zero component of the general flow direction, are provided in the subsurface by any of a number of construction methods. The upgradient zone, downgradient zone, and treatment zone are situated within the subsurface medium and have permeabilities substantially greater than the adjacent subsurface medium's permeability. Groundwater is allowed to move from the subsurface medium adjacent to the upgradient zone into the upgradient zone, where the groundwater refracts and moves to a treatment zone.

Abstract: A tank sump has a one-piece body comprising a hollow base member for collecting fluids leaking from a piping system, the base member having an upper portion and a lower portion, and a hollow riser section having an upper portion and a lower portion, the riser lower portion extending upwardly from the base member upper portion, the riser section having sidewalls with alternately adjacent vertically extending wall portions and outwardly extending, U-shaped grip portions. An integrally formed cover is defined on top of the riser section upper portion. The cover may be cut off from the riser section of the body. A gasket may extend between the cover outer periphery and the outwardly extending grip portion of the riser section, and a mechanism removably secures the cover to the outwardly extending grip portion with the gasket therebetween, in a substantially water resistant sealing manner. The cover may alternately be cut away from the body and discarded.

Abstract: Turbulence is controlled in boundary layer or wall-bounded fluid flow fields having a turbulent wall region which under natural conditions, has an average system of roll pairs or streaks adjacent the surface, and extending in the direction of flow, by locally introducing into the turbulent wall region, by passive means, a disturbance that enhances or inhibits the roll pairs thereby locally increasing or decreasing the turbulence in the flow field.

Abstract: A system and method for cleansing a polluted harbor by achieving general circulation of water between an open sea and the polluted harbor are disclosed. The system and method utilize the natural wave-like behavior of the water when ocean tides propagate from a harbor entrance in the open sea to a back harbor and back out to sea again. Surface elevation variations along the propagating wave provide hydrostatic pressure differentials between areas along the path of propagation. When connecting two such areas with a conduit, the pressure differential between two areas causes water to flow in the conduit. The system includes a conduit which connects an area of the open sea with a back harbor area. The conduit may be installed along a channel of the harbor so that it extends through the harbor to the back bay, or it may be positioned to cut across or through a strip of land separating the back harbor from the open sea.

Abstract: A device for building a berm to contain a leak or spill has a plurality of corner members each having an elongated member spaced there between. The elongated members are formed from a pliable strip having a vinyl housing and being filled with a foam material having shape retention properties. The elongated members are sized and cut at the workplace to form a berm of sufficient size to meet the present spill containment problem. Once the side members and corner members have been selected and arranged, they are secured to the building floor by a caulking compound. Strapping material can then be applied, if necessary, to seal the joints between the corner members and the side members of the berm.

Abstract: A dispenser sump which includes a deflection surface and a distribution channel for distributing liquids about the interior periphery of the sump to allow insertion of fluid removal apparatus along any wall of the sump. The sump also provides increased structural rigidity to support backfill surrounding the sump and to maintain shape integrity.

Abstract: A unitary sump frame made from a continuous material is disclosed. A substantially planar and continuous flange has an inner perimeter defining an opening in the frame and an outer perimeter. A lip is integrally connected to the flange and extends downwardly from the flange. The lip includes a securing mechanism that is operative to attach a component to the frame. A lug is integrally connected to the lip and extends away from the opening. The lug is operative for anchoring the frame.

Abstract: A piecewise continuous-time dynamic control method and apparatus for optimizing re-mediation of groundwater is disclosed. The piece-wise continuous control process is used to generate efficient designs for remediation systems based on differentiable groundwater models. The remediation strategies generated are characterized by piece-wise continuous functions of time which dictate the operation of remediation devices. The piece-wise continuous functions may change discontinuously at the end of each management period, or, optionally, a finite number of times during each management period. The duration and number of management periods covering a groundwater cleanup may be selected by the user of the invention to maximize the contamination removal efficiency and reflect the mechanical limitations of the specific remediation devices chosen.

Abstract: A river management system for controllably operating devices of management facilities installed at pluralities of rivers and waterways to manage water volumes in a river network including the pluralities of rivers and waterways.

Abstract: A spill containment system has plural fluid impervious sheets. Each sheet has peripheral edges adapted to sealingly couple to the peripheral edge of each other sheet. Plural wall elements each have an edge adapted to sealingly couple to, and uncouple from, peripheral edges of the fluid impervious sheets. The fluid impervious sheets and the wall elements may be sealed together to form a pan like structure.

Abstract: Liquefiable soil is treated for earthquake liquefaction protection prior to erecting a building structure or work. A plurality of substantially vertical prefabricated drains are positioned at spaced intervals in the liquefiable soil and a reservoir is provided and adapted for draining off water which is expelled from the drains during an earthquake. The drains are generally comprised of an elongated plastic core material providing channels for channeling water off or therealong and this core is sometimes or selectively surrounded by a filter fabric as required to provide a composite drain.

Abstract: To retain water on roofs of buildings with a water-retention basin, a vortex-type throttle valve is fitted on the roof and is connected to a drain pipe leading to a drain. The throttle valve makes it possible to control rainwater run-off at a given rate determined by the size of the throttle valve. If rain falls at a high rate, the excess is retained. Overflow protection is provided by fitting on top of the throttle, a length of pipe which permits the unrestricted flow of water through the throttle valve. Alternatively, the drain pipe can be extended upwards to the maximum permitted water-retention level, thus allowing the water which exceeds this level to pass directly into the drain pipe.

Abstract: A containment box and anchor frame assembly is provided for anchoring a containment box at a gasoline service station to either a concrete island, or to the paved driveway of a gasoline service station. The anchor frame is fastened to the upper opening of the containment box and includes a plurality of outwardly extending anchoring brackets for securing the anchor frame to the surrounding concrete. The anchor frame helps to keep the containment box from being damaged if a product dispenser is hit by a vehicle. The assembly also includes a dispenser frame for mounting a product dispenser to the anchor frame. The anchor frame is of a universal design such that a particular size of containment box and anchor frame assembly can receive a number of different sizes of dispenser frames so that different sizes of dispensers can all be mounted to the same containment box and anchor frame assembly.

Abstract: A containment wall strip composed of a pliable, severable material which may be cut into selected lengths for defining a containment area for containing hazardous materials. The containment wall strip includes a base and a free standing deformable berm wall which extends upward from the base. An open channel space is defined between the berm wall and base enabling the free standing berm wall to deform downward enabling wheeled vehicles to enter and exit the containment area.

Abstract: An enclosure for buried placement near grade capable of supporting vehicle loading having a reinforced cover, walls and base, the walls including internal struts and stabilizers, the cover and walls including notches for transferring load and grooves for limiting translation and rotation of the cover under transverse load. The base and the walls having portions of divided pathways forming conduit openings when the base is connected to the walls.

Abstract: A drain field container system for use in filtering sewage water from a distribution box. A plurality of separate containers are used to receive equal amounts of sewage water from distribution pipes extending from a distribution box. Sewage water is dispensed from the distribution pipe onto a dispersal tray inside the distribution box. The dispersal tray ensures equal distribution of sewage water across a filter located below the dispersal tray and extending across a lower portion of the drain field container. Sewage water is filtered in the filter before exiting the drain field container from an outlet on the bottom thereof. The drain field containers are made of rugged waterproof materials such as fiberglass. The drain field containers have a removable top portion to allow easy servicing and maintenance. A bubble top may also be employed to prevent dirt from accumulating on top of the drain field container.

Abstract: A pipe system for supplying liquid fuel to a underground tank from a supply station and for transfer of said fuel from said tank to at least one dispensing station, said system comprising an assembly of flexible inner piping through which the fuel flows and an assembly of flexible outer piping enveloping the inner piping. The assembly of outer piping is continuous and envelops the inner piping along its entire length without interruption between the supply station and the underground tank and/or between said tank and the dispensing station and advantageously with the inner piping centered within the outer piping by means of concentric spacers perforated to allow gasoline leaking thereinto to flow therepast along the thus formed annular spacing, and preferably also with a branch bypass pipe to interconnect the annular spacing of the outlet conduit with the annular spacing of the inlet conduit to allow collection of gasoline leaking into such spacings into a common gravity fed cup.

Abstract: A coaxial piping system connected between an underground pump and an above-ground liquid dispenser is used to provide containment of the pumped liquid from the underground piping system, preventing unintended release into the environment. A pair of coaxial pipes are removably connected to the underground pump at one end and to the dispenser at the other end using quick-disconnect fittings to allow for the replacement of the piping. A primary pipe for conveying gasoline or the like is surrounded by a secondary pipe, which provides containment in the event of leakage from the primary pipe. The piping system can be tested for leaks or replaced from grade without excavating at the installed tank site. A sensor in the annular space between the primary and secondary pipes may be used to detect leakage. A path may be provided for the gravity drainage of such leaks from the secondary pipe into a containment chamber, where the liquid may be detected and removed.

Abstract: A methods and apparatus for preventing migration of vapors from a subsoil through the stratum which includes a chamber formed within the subsoil, a conduit having an inlet extending into the chamber, and a vacuum pump connected to the conduit for drawing at least a partial vacuum so as to induce vapor migration from the subsoil into the chamber and into the inlet of the conduit and through the conduit. The vacuum pump serves to produce a vacuum of between 5 and 25 inches of mercury. The vacuum pump has the capacity to move greater than 1.5 and less than 5 cubic feet per minute through the conduit. The inlet end of the conduit is received within a cage positioned in the chamber. The cage has at least one inlet aperture for allowing the vapors to pass from the chamber into the inlet of the conduit. A chamber cap is affixed over the chamber so as to prevent ambient air from entering the chamber. The conduit has an inlet located within the chamber and an outlet located at a discharge location.

Abstract: A septic tank adapted for burial in soil includes a movable anchor that extends near the bottom of the tank to hold the tank in the soil.

Abstract: A catch basin splash guard for inhibiting water impacting the catch basin side walls, comprising an upper rim section defining an opening of about the same shape as that of the catch basin frame, the rim section adapted to rest on the frame lip; and depending side walls projecting down from the rim section at essentially 90.degree., to define an outlet of about the same size as the opening so as not to obstruct water flow through and out of the splash guard; wherein the side walls direct water flowing into the catch basin away from the catch basin walls and down toward the catch basin bottom, to inhibit wall corrosion and erosion caused by incoming water.

Abstract: In a drainage pump station, a driving machine has a capacity greater than a shaft power necessary for no-discharge operation of a pump, and during severe flooding the pump is operated at an overload exceeding its design capacity. During maintenance operation water is fed from a river on the delivery side of the pump station into the station. When an inflow of rainwater into the pump station is great the pump is operated at the necessary capacity, when it becomes small the water level is kept above a rated value, and when the inflow rate is zero the pump discharge is increased to a capacity at which sediment can be discharged. A suction blower is disposed at the top of a suction sump and interstage valves are disposed in entrances of vertical shafts to effect efficient ventilation of the underground waterway. A feed channel is operated as a pressure channel and the pump is of variable capacity and the water level in the underground waterway is controlled to be constant.

Abstract: Soil adjacent to an elongated furrow is irrigated by flowing the water from a header into and along the furrow, and erosion of the furrow is reduced and infiltration into the soil is increased by dissolving solid flocculant in the header or in the furrow into the water. The solid flocculant is best provided as a block of particulate flocculant bonded by a water-soluble wax. The irrigation process is best conducted on a cyclic basis with the solid flocculant being removed from the header or furrow during the cycle and with the supply of water being continued so that there is subsequent run-off of water from the furrow.

Abstract: Underground storage tank consisting of an internal metal structure (1), a static external facing (2) in contact with the surrounding soil (3) and a filler (5) located between the metal structure (1) and the static facing (2), the filler (5) being stabilized by a netting (6) secured onto the metal structure (1) by joint plates (7), while the netting is embedded in the filler (5) which is thickened by charging vessels (18) combined with feed bushes (15) through which the filler (5) is poured into the cavity wall. For Liquid Gas Low Temperature Storage Tanks, the transverse channels (4) for detection and drainage of any leaks are consisting of two omega shaped sections (21, 22) whereas blown or non-blown bitumen to which polymers are added is used as a filler (5).

Abstract: A device for building a berm to contain and absorb a leak or spill has a plurality of corner members each having an elongated member spaced there between. The elongated members are formed from a pliable strip having a vinyl housing. The housing has a hollow center provided longitudinally therein which is filled with an absorbent material such as an absorbent sock or mat. Openings are provided in the elongated members along the side of the housing nearer the spill or leak. The elongated members are sized and cut at the workplace to form a berm of sufficient size to meet the present spill containment problem. Once the side members and corner members have been selected and arranged, they are secured to the building floor by a caulking compound. Strapping material can then be applied, if necessary, to seal the joints between the corner members and the side members of the berm.

Abstract: A mobile safety structure for the storing and handling of containers of hrdous materials comprising multiple modular storage units. The modular storage units may be configured in tandem to form one embodiment of the modular mobile safety structure. In this configuration access between the interiors of adjacent modular storage units is provided by a bellows which is connected to and removable from a bellows support frame in a side wall of each modular storage unit. The modular storage units may also be configured in a stacked arrangement to form an alternate embodiment of the modular mobile safety structure. In this configuration access between the interiors of the stacked modular storage units is provided through an opening between units in the stack. A pull down safety ladder affixed to the roof assembly of all units except the top unit in the stack allows the user to gain access to each unit in the stack of modular storage units.

Abstract: A plural drainage pumps PH are disposed on the high floor gradation state at the circular shape. A plural drainage pumps PL are disposed on the low floor gradation state at the circular shape. The drainage pump PH disposed on the high floor gradation is installed at the high level. The drainage pump PH is set one having the low pump head and the large capacity in comparison with those of the drainage pump PL disposed on the low floor gradation. An outer shape of an underground pump construction building is formed a circular cone shape spreading toward an upper portion. The discharge water power can be reduced and the construction area for the underground pump construction building can be reduced and further the engineering working amount such as a digging working at the underground can be lessen.

Abstract: A vertical-shaft multi-stage pump has adjustable vanes on its lower stage. A vane angle operating mechanism has an operating shaft extending through a hollow portion of the drive shaft of the upper stage and a link mechanism connected to the operating shaft and the adjustable vane impeller for converting axial motion of the operating shaft into vane angle rotational motion. The pump is particularly suited for use in an underground drainage system.

Abstract: A tight crossing to ensure a high efficiency seal between the interior (1) and the exterior (2) of a high activity cell. The crossing comprises a sleeve (6) placed in the wall (3), a guide tube (11) placed within the sleeve (6) and a support flange (12) placed between the sleeve (6) and the guide tube (11) on its outer end. A joint holder flange or ring (15) is placed in the cell interior (1) and is secured against the cell skin (4), the guide tube (11) and the sleeve (6) by means of captive bolts (18).

Abstract: A roof drain fitting having a box-like bottom part screwed to the supporting roof over a break-through which extends through the roof. A top part having a down pipe and a collar as one unit is slipped over the bottom part. The top part is vertically adjustable to the height of a heat-insulating layer located on the roof. The bottom part and the top part are provided with heat insulation and are secured to each other with adjustable securing devices.

Abstract: A structure for use with water drainage inlets includes an outside wall portion, a perforated bottom portion, and an inside wall portion. The outside wall, bottom, and inside wall together define a trough for retention of a replaceable filter media. The trough is installed on the inside surface of a drainage structure so that drainage water that would normally flow directly through the drainage structure is caused instead to flow through the filter media, thereby removing undesirable materials that may be carried in the water, while permitting the water itself to pass through essentially unimpeded to the ultimate drainage location.

Abstract: An above-ground swimming pool comprises a primary wall extending above a ground surface to enclose a primary pool area. The primary wall including an enclosure region having a first wall height and a spillway region having a second wall height lower than the first wall height. An arcuate secondary wall extends above the ground surface. Opposite ends of the secondary wall are attached to the primary wall at either side of the spillway region. The secondary wall has a third wall height lower than the first and second wall heights. The secondary wall and the primary wall enclose a secondary pool area. A pump is provided to pumping water from the secondary pool to the primary pool to generate a flow of water over the spillway region. The primary wall may consist of a first wall and a second wall joined together at a transition piece. The secondary wall may additionally be connected to the primary wall at the transition piece.

Abstract: Apparatus for recovering fluid substances floating on a water surface, comprising multiple disks which are arranged on at least one horizontal shaft, are partially immersed in the water, and rotate at different speeds and particularly alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. The partially submerged disks, by using the principle of the higher adhesion of oily substances relative to water, collect these oily substances, which are then removed by scraping systems and conveyed into a containment space.