Abstract: An internal inclined sub-channel, or ramp device, for suspending and/or re-suspending solids within a pipeline system during transport of slurry may be provided to various components of the slurry transport system to control or reduce localized and severe wear that often occurs in slurry pumps. Embodiments of the ramp device may be adequately configured to alter slurry multiphase flow patterns and/or disrupt traditional moving/sliding bed regime phenomena. Embodiments of the ramp device may be adequately configured to raise coarse abrasive particulates from bottom portions of a slurry pipe section—where a higher concentration and/or a larger presence of coarser particles may be present. Embodiments of the ramp device may be installed in proximity of and/or upstream of slurry pumps to prevent occurrences of severe localized wear at the inner diameter of the pump suction side wall around the bottom or 6 o'clock position.

Abstract: A transfer pipe of dried concentrate for transferring dried concentrate, having a double pipe structure, comprising an inner pipe 2 through which the dried concentrate is transferred by compressed air, an outer pipe 3 arranged around the outer periphery of the inner pipe 2, and a joint flange 5 forming an annular space 4 sealed between the inner pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3, arranged at both ends of the inner pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3, and integrally fixing the inner pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3; wherein the inner pipe 2 is positioned inside the outer pipe 3 and is formed of a metal pipe 2a forming the annular space 4, a ceramic sleeve 2c forming an innermost layer of the metal pipe, and a filler 2b for fixing the ceramic sleeve 2c provided between the metal pipe 2a and the ceramic sleeve 2c.

Abstract: A pipe reinforcement system for reinforcing a pipe including a pipe section having an inner and an outer elbow surface separated by a pipe opening with a plurality of ceramic tiles overlying the pipe section, each of said tiles having a generally arcuate inner surface, said plurality of tiles secured to said pipe section with said inner arcuate surface positioned adjacent to said outer elbow surface.

Abstract: An elbow fitting is used in a pneumatic product conveying system in which the fitting expands from the inlet pipe along the outer side of the elbow fitting to enable a layer of accumulated product particles to be formed so as to move at a lower velocity than the velocity of the incoming product stream while establishing a moving contact surface for deflecting incoming product particles toward the outlet pipe with a minimum of pressure resistance and product attrition. The accumulated product particles are discharged from the elbow fitting by incorporating a step in the outer surface of the elbow fitting to create a Bernoulli effect causing the accumulated product particles to enter the air flow after the incoming flow of product particles has ceased. The particles in the accumulated layer are replenished from the incoming flow during operation of the elbow fitting.

Abstract: An elbow fitting for use in a pneumatic product conveying system expands from the inlet pipe along the outer side of the elbow fitting and contracts along the outer side of the fitting toward the outlet pipe for guiding product particles into the outlet pipe. The expanded structure of the elbow fitting defines a generally triangularly shaped configuration that provides a wide surface over which an accumulated layer of product particles moves at a lower velocity than the velocity of the incoming product stream. The accumulation layer of product forms a moving contact surface for deflecting incoming product particles toward the outlet pipe with a minimum of pressure resistance and product attrition. The configuration of the expanded elbow fitting provides a slowly moving layer of accumulated product particles due to the law of gravity and Bernoulli's Law.

Abstract: A conveying a chain of air-filled packing pillows to a selected position includes a generally upstanding duct, a support for supporting the device on a surface, and a pump positioned adjacent to the surface for supplying air to the device. The duct has an air inlet end connected in fluid communication with the pump, an outlet end, and an entrance aperture positioned downstream from the pump and the air inlet end for receiving the chain of air-filled packing pillows. When the pump is activated and the chain of air-filled packing pillows is inserted through the entrance aperture, the chain of air-filled packing pillows is conveyed upwardly through the duct in a longitudinal direction relative to the chain, and directed to arrive at the selected position.

Abstract: A pneumatic mail delivery system includes a carrier having first and second open ends and corresponding hinged covers for selectably covering the open ends. The system includes first and second carrier terminals each having front openings selectively covered by hinged doors. The terminals may be positioned at a mail deposit location and a residential location. A pneumatic conduit connects the terminals through which the carrier may be guided therebetween. The conduit is connected to a blower for conveying the carrier. Spring-biased buttons attached to respective terminals are electrically connected to the blower for actuating the blower upon detecting a closure of a respective door. A photoelectric light sensor is attached to each terminal and is electrically connected to a light source mounted on the front of each terminal. Respective lights are energized when a respective light sensor detects mail in the carrier.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for pneumatically transporting solid and abrasive particulate materials at high temperature, by means of a carrier gas through a plurality of co-axial straight pipes. The pipes are maintained under constant tension by applying a force across at least one expansion joint coupling said pipes in order to maintain said pipes straight against the forces acting on said pipes which tend to cause bending and deformation thereof, as for example: thermal elongation, the weight of the solids conveyed through said pipes, the friction forces between said pipes and its supporting frame, and the pressure of the carrier gas inside said pipes. The constant tensioning force may be applied for example, by means of hydraulic cylinders in combination with a telescopic water-cooled sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transferring a particulate material in a non-contact manner. The apparatus has a driving device including a nozzle curved surface portion fitted to the transfer pipe to join with the inner wall surface of the pipe. The nozzle curved surface portion has a curved surface whose diameter continuously increases from the inner wall surface. The driving device further includes an annular gap-forming member that forms a nozzle gap between it and the nozzle curved surface portion. A fluid is caused to flow into the transfer pipe from the driving device, thereby forming a buffer layer of a spiral flow in the vicinity of the inner wall surface of the transfer pipe and thus keeping the particulate material in a non-contact state.

Abstract: A loading device for agricultural harvesters has a lower discharge chute arrangeable on a harvester and an upper discharge chute provided with an adjustable ejection flap and rotatably supported on the lower discharge chute. The upper discharge chute has an impact region provided with a cover-free portion which is closeable by an exchangeable baffle plate. The upper discharge chute can have an adjustable length and is composed of individual segments which are connectable with one another by connecting flanges to provide a desired efficient transporting length.

Abstract: An effluent gas stream treatment system for treatment of gaseous effluents such as waste gases from semiconductor manufacturing operations. The effluent gas stream treatment system comprises a pre-oxidation treatment unit, which may for example comprise a scrubber, an oxidation unit such an electrothermal oxidizer, and a post-oxidation treatment unit, such as a wet or dry scrubber. The effluent gas stream treatment system of the invention may utilize an integrated oxidizer, quench and wet scrubber assembly, for abatement of hazardous or otherwise undesired components from the effluent gas stream. Gas or liquid shrouding of gas streams in the treatment system may be provided by high efficiency inlet structures.

Abstract: A clog-resistant inlet structure for introducing a particulate solids-containing and/or solids-Forming gas stream to a gas processing system. The structure is composed of a gas-permeable wall enclosing a gas flow path, and an outer annular jacket circumscribing the gas-permeable wall to define an annular gas reservoir therebetween. The clog-resistant inlet structure is constructed, arranged, and operated so as to introduce a gas into the annular gas reservoir during the flow of the particulate solids-containing and/or solids-forming gas stream to a gas processing system through such inlet structure at a pressure sufficient to combat the deposition or formation of solids on the interior surface of the gas-permeable wall. The inlet structure may further optionally include a downstream annular section in which the wall surface bounding the gas stream is blanketed with a falling liquid film, to combat solids deposition or formation on the blanketed wall surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for cooperation with an associated coal burning furnace which includes a Y-shaped distributor body having one inlet and first and second outlets and a splitter disposed in the body for dividing flow between the first and second outlets. The splitter has a generally V-shaped contour and the splitter comprises a base on the housing and a liner assembly mounted on the base. In some forms of the invention the liner assembly has a surface that is harder than the surface of the housing and the housing includes a removable access panel. The access panel may be dimensioned and configured to allow passage of the liner assembly into and out of the housing. The liner assembly may comprise an outer shell having at least some foamed material disposed therein and may include anchoring means disposed in the foamed material.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for moving golf balls from a ball washer to a ball dispenser is disclosed. A system of conduits is employed, connecting a ball washer to a dispenser. Balls are forced out of the washer and into an entry conduit where a drain rids the system of fluids. Balls are slowed down by a restricted region in the entry conduit prior to entry into a main conduit. Upon entering the main conduit, balls are forced upward by high velocity air being expelled by a blower. Obstructions are minimized and relieved by an opening in the side of the main conduit. Balls are prevented from backing up into the blower, even in case of obstruction, by an angled pipe or nozzle with a diameter smaller than that of a golf ball. Balls travel through the main conduit and into an exit conduit where they strike a shock absorbing pad prior to dropping into the dispenser. In a second embodiment, an alternative exit conduit is provided whereby balls may be diverted to a receptacle other than the dispenser.

Abstract: In a process of making gas laid products by entraining particles at least partially coated with a binder in a gaseous stream, passing the stream through a forming chamber and through a permeable collecting surface where the particles build up to form a product like fiber glass insulation, this invention prevents particles from contacting and building up on the walls of the forming chamber and causing wet spots in the finished product by maintaining a high velocity, high pressure layer of gas close to the exposed surface of the walls of the chamber and moving in the general direction of the gaseous stream. This is accomplished by apparatus including a plurality of plenum boxes forming the walls of the forming chamber with the surface exposed to the gaseous stream having gas directing openings therein. Also, an improved method of applying the binder to the particles is disclosed.

Abstract: A clog-resistant inlet structure for introducing a particulate solids-containing and/or solids-forming gas stream to a gas processing system, including: a gas-permeable wall enclosing a gas flow path, and an outer annular jacket circumscribing the gas-permeable wall to define an annular gas reservoir therebetween; and a flow passage for introducing a gas into the annular gas reservoir during the flow of the particulate solids-containing and/or solids-forming gas stream to a gas processing system through such inlet structure at a pressure sufficient to cause the gas to permeate through the gas-permeable wall to combat the deposition or formation of solids on the interior surface of the gas-permeable wall. The inlet structure may further optionally include a downstream annular section in which the wall surface bounding the gas stream is blanketed with a falling liquid film, to combat solids deposition or formation on the blanketed wall surface.

Abstract: In a process of making gas laid products by entraining particles including fibers at least partially coated with a binder in a gaseous stream, passing the stream through a forming chamber and through a permeable collecting surface where the particles including fibers build up to form a product like fiber glass insulation, this invention prevents particles including fibers from contacting and building up on the walls of the forming chamber and causing wet spots in the finished product by maintaining a high velocity, high pressure layer of gas close to the exposed surface of the walls of the chamber and moving in the general direction of the gaseous stream. This is accomplished by apparatus including a plurality of plenum boxes forming the walls of the forming chamber with the surface exposed to the gaseous stream having gas directing openings therein.

Abstract: A pipe bend for a pipeline for hydraulically or pneumatically conveying solids includes a middle pipe portion and double-layer coupling flanges welded to the ends of the middle pipe portion. Each coupling flange has an outer layer and an inner wear ring. Each outer layer includes an annular collar, a coupling groove and a pipe connecting piece. The wear ring has an outer section whose wall thickness is greater than the wall thickness of an inner section of the wear ring, wherein the outer section is located relative to the pipe axis facing away from the center of curvature of the middle pipe portion extending between the coupling flanges and the inner section is located facing the center of curvature. In addition, the greater wall thickness of the outer section of the wear ring corresponds to the wall thickness of the end portions of the middle pipe portion.

Abstract: A renewable wear-proof elbow is disclosed which can be connected to a pipe and become a part thereof for transporting particles of powdered material via compressed air. The renewable wear-proof elbow comprises a main elbow portion and a buffer chamber. The main elbow portion comprises: (a) an inlet at one end of the main elbow portion having a first flange for connection with a first section of the pipe; (b) an outlet at another end of the main elbow portion having a second flange for connection with a second section of the pipe; (c) a first side opening formed on a side wall of the main elbow portion opposite the inlet; and (d) a third flange formed around the first side opening. The buffer chamber has a second side opening, a central axis, and a fourth flange, which is formed around the second opening and is engageable with the third flange so as to allow the buffer chamber to be removably affixed to the main elbow portion at the first side opening thereof.

Abstract: A conveyor system for feeding containers along a path includes a pair of plenums located on opposite sides of the path. Each plenum has an inner wall which has apertures along the center thereof, with flanges extending from each wall to define chambers or guide channels that receive opposite ends of the container. The system further consists of rigid pneumatic conduits for delivering pressurized fluid from a centrifugal blower to the plenums. The pressurized fluid is introduced into the plenums and flows through the apertures to substantially suspend the containers in the chamber. The pneumatic conduits and the centrifugal blower are integrally associated with the dual plenums, thereby structurally enhancing the entire conveyor system.

Abstract: An air nozzle for use in the production of nonwoven fabric that is adapted to receive spun filaments from a spinning nozzle and feed the filaments in an air jet into a receiver. The air nozzle is directed to the prevention of any abrasion of the inner surface of the nozzle body by an additive, such as titanium white, contained in filaments, and thus to the prevention of any defects in the nonwoven fabric. The inner surface of a nozzle body for guiding filaments is formed using a ceramic material to protect that surface. The nozzle body has a conical passage whose diameter gradually decreases from an inlet for receiving the filaments from the spinning nozzle, and a straight passage continuing from the conical passage and extending with a constant diameter, at least part of the inner surface of the conical passage and/or the straight passage being formed as a ceramic surface.

Abstract: A transport duct for carrying abrasive materials, such as ceramic powders. The duct comprises an outer casing and an axially extending array of alternating ceramic and polymer segments each having an interior wall defining a passageway. The transport duct is useful for transporting streams of alumina powder to an aluminum electrolysis cell and for other uses where abrasion resistance and avoidance of internal material buildup are important.

Abstract: A pneumatic conveyor apparatus for conveying articles, such as empty aluminum cans and plastic bottles, includes first and second air ducts for supplying pneumatic pressure to move the articles along a predetermined path. The first and second air ducts are positionable on respective opposite sides of the path. The first air duct has a first plurality of vents in a laterally facing surface thereof and the second air duct has a second plurality of vents in a laterally facing surface thereof. The first and second plurality of vents cooperate to direct a flow of air on the articles to move the articles along the predetermined path and to exert a lifting force on the articles as the articles are moved downstream. In one embodiment, selected ones of the first and second plurality of vents are inclined at respective predetermined angles of inclination for exerting a lifting force on the articles as the articles are moved along the predetermined path.

Abstract: A double-layer pipe bend for a pipeline includes an inner pipe of cast steel, an outer pipe of weldable steel surrounding the inner pipe, and connecting flanges at the ends of the pipe bend. The connecting flanges are welded to the outer pipe. The inner pipe and the outer pipe are formed such that a pressure-compensating layer can be formed by the transported medium between the pipes. Another pressure-compensating layer can form between an inner wearing ring and an outer coupling ring of each connecting flange. The wearing ring and, thus, the inner pipe, is axially secured by a groove in the wearing ring and a radial collar in the coupling ring.

Abstract: An assembly of a first expansion stretch, a first throttle, a second throe and a second expansion stretch have respective metal casings and elements defining the flow paths therein composed of engineered ceramics. The throttle are adjustable and the assembly can be used effectively to control pressure and flow rate of compressible or incompressible fluids which can have solid particles entrained therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for facilitating solids transport in a pneumatic conveying l. The apparatus reduces the velocity of a gas within the pneumatic conveying line. The following describes a preferred embodiment. An inner cylinder is spliced into the line. An upper portion of the inner cylinder is made of a porous material. An outer cylinder having a diameter larger than the inner cylinder encircles the inner cylinder and defines a cavity therebetween. Two solenoid valves are associated with the outer cylinder; one for purging the gas and the other for introducing a reverse jet of gas to dislodge particles from the porous material. A pressure transducer measures fluctuations across the top of the inner cylinder and is connected to a control unit which, in turn, controls the valves.

Abstract: A powder pickup device has a tube formed of an elastomeric tube wall with an orifice therein receptive of powder from a vessel so as to direct powder into a carrier gas in a central passage in the tube. A tubular shell supports the tube and has an aperture therein aligned with the orifice. In another embodiment the tube is combined of a rigid tube and an elastomeric tube fitted tandemly in the shell. The rigid tube extends to an inner end proximate the aperture and has the orifice situated therein. The elastomeric tube extends from the rigid tube and is disposed so as to place a section thereof opposite the orifice.

Abstract: A long lasting elbow allowing sharp turns in particulate material handling systems without having undue wear of the elbow is formed with a chamber aligned with but axially offset from the entry port of the elbow. The effect of this chamber is to provide a rotating mass of the conveyed material against which the subsequent material impinges and is directed through the elbow without undue loss of velocity. A vent conduit connects the chamber to the elbow channel to allow purging to the chamber through a venturi action.

Abstract: A pipe section of an outer metallic pipe and a nonmetallic inner lining is provided so that the lining can be removed. To this end, the lining consists of lining segments, the terminal members of which are braced against the ends of the pipe in a form fitting manner and the successive lining segments can interfit with, for example, complementary frustoconical formations.

Abstract: A hydraulic liquid transporter for changing of different pressure and flows prevailing in three chambers that are separated from each other, having a slurry filling pump that has a suction side and a pressure side, the suction side of being connected to a mixture collecting container, the pressure side being connected to a first pressure line, a feeding space having of three feeding chambers being connected from said first pressure line, a discharging forwarding liquid pump having a suction side and a pressure side, the pressure side of the discharging forward liquid pump being connected to a second pressure line which is connected to a mixture delivering line, a discharge forwarding line connecting the suction side of the discharging forwarding liquid pump from the feeding space, a first integral flow reversing device for connection said first pressure line from said discharge forwarding line through said feeding space, a second integral flow reversal device for connecting said second pressure line from said

Abstract: A structure to replace the outer wall of a pipe elbow to provide wear resistance in pneumatic conveying pipes carrying particulate material, said structure having a chamber with a source of vacuum suction therein disposed on the outer portion of the elbow with a screen disposed in the chamber where particles passing through the pipe are drawn and held by the suction against the screen member to form a particle accumulation area which is struck and worn by the oncoming stream of particles. Worn areas of the particle accumulation are replaced by new particles passing through the pipe.

Abstract: The present invention includes structure for redirecting the stream flow of a high velocity flow of particulate material. A chamber is mounted between an entrance spout and a discharge spout through which a stream of particulate matter flows. The chamber includes a baffle apparatus which is positioned in the stream flow within the chamber. The baffle apparatus includes two members formed in a "V" shaped pattern with the apex of the "V" positioned closer to the discharge spout than the free ends of the "V". The apex of the "V" is broken away to permit particulate matter to slide from the baffle to the discharge spout when flow into the chamber stops. The baffle is positioned so that the incoming matter strikes the baffle. Particulate matter is collected by the baffle so that further incoming matter strikes the particulate matter instead of the baffle.

Abstract: An elbow connection for pneumatic conveying systems is provided. The elbow has an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a curved area of short radius extending therebetween. The section of the elbow between the inlet and outlet openings has a cross-sectional area that is substantially greater, at least 1.5:1, than the cross-sectional area of the inlet and outlet openings to reduce the wear of the elbow wall caused by the material conveyed therein.

Abstract: A pipe section of an outer metallic pipe and a nonmetallic inner lining is provided so that the lining can be removed. To this end, the lining consists of lining segments, the terminal members of which are braced against the ends of the pipe in a form fitting manner and the successive lining segments can interfit with, for example, complementary frustoconical formations.

Abstract: There is provided a compensator for solids conveyed in a stream, particularly for installation in a power plant, which consists of two sleeves which are telescopically arranged so as to be inserted into each other and having fins arranged on the inner walls of the sleeves so that the conveyed solids do not or rarely come in contact with the walls of the compensator.

Abstract: An abrasion-resistant liner for centrifugal solids type pumps comprises a plurality of hard metal segments attached to the inner circumferential wall of a conventional pump in spaced apart condition thereabout. The open spaces thus formed between each adjacent hard metal liner segment receive a soft abrasion-resistant material such as rubber, synthetic thermoplastic resin, or other polymer or elastomer material, bonded, vulcanized or otherwise secured to the pump housing and to the hard liner segments, thereby forming a plurality of alternating liner segments of hard and soft material, together forming an even, smooth liner surface substantially encircling the impeller of the pump. In this manner, solids and sharp objects being pumped are deflected by the spaced apart metal segments, reducing damage of the abrasion-resistant material, while the meal segments also serve to more positively secure the soft abrasion-resistant material in bonded condition on the pump housing.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a controlled flow of pneumatically transported solid particles, in particular, pulverized coal, comprises a pulverizer or vessel for containing pneumatically suspended solid particles. A supply pipe is connected to the pulverizer or vessel for removing a mixture of pneumatic gas and solid particles from the vessel. A bend is provided in the supply pipe and an aspirator is connected to the supply pipe at a distance of from one to two pipe diameters from the bend. The aspirator is provided on the outer wall of the bend and is supplied with aspirating gas to draw off an amount of mixture from the supply pipe. This controls the amount of remaining flow of mixture through the pipe. The supply of the aspirator is connected to a bypass line which is connected to the mixture inlet of an injector which is supplied with injecting gas. The supply of the injector which carries the mixture is connected back into the vessel.

Abstract: A system and method for efficiently removing and disposing of a continuous web of matrix waste formed during the high speed manufacture of adhesive backed, pressure sensitive label stock on a printing press. As it leaves the press, the web of matrix waste is formed into a generally tubular rope in a cylindrical eductor. A controlled mixture of a high volume, high air and oil is used to pass the rope of matrix waste through an eductor, into and through a flexible hose, and into a compactor where the rope is compacted into relatively compact bundles. These bundles can then be readily deposited and efficiently stored in waste receptacles.

Abstract: A pneumatic conveying system for conveying particulate material includes a connection chamber for changing the direction of flow so as to bring about a pressure drop. An upstream tube and a downstream tube are connected, spaced from each other, to an end wall in the connection chamber. Between the tubes, the end wall is formed with a double-curved surface bulging inwards towards the connection chamber, said surface being suitably saddle-shaped.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying particulate material from a pressurized container (1) to a collecting container (20) under considerably lower pressure, comprises conduit means (17) arranged between the containers (1 and 20) and typically built up of a number of tube parts in such a way that, at the transition between the tube parts, a gas/particulate material stream flowing therethrough is bent through an angle, usually either 90.degree. or 180.degree..

Abstract: A section of tube with a series of inwardly directed projections is placed in the main conduit of a pneumatic applicator, upstream of the primary distribution head. The inner projections in the tube serve to center the direction of the blown granular material into the primary distributor head. The projections are arranged in annular rows with the projections of each row being offset from those of an adjacent row.

Abstract: A pipe elbow having a composite ceramic wear liner which is particularly adapted to resist abrasive wear from particulate material conveyed through the pipe elbow. The composite ceramic wear liner is comprised of four series of polyhedron shaped ceramic wear blocks disposed at angularly spaced locations around the circumference of the elbow flow passageway. A mixture of wear resistant particles and binder surrounds the wear bricks and provides an abrasion resistant wear surface along those portions of the pipe elbow which are less subject to abrasive wear. The pipe elbow is provided with a removable cover plate in order to access and replace the series of wear bricks located along the outside center line of the pipe elbow most subject to wear.

Abstract: An articulate bent pipe for transport of powder and slurry is composed of a plurality of sector shaped nodular pipes having a wear resistant pipe lining applied on the interior thereof and packing means positioned between each nodular pipe. The nodular pipes are secured together to form the bent pipe. Steps are formed between axial edges of adjacent inner surfaces of the linings for upstream nodular pipes.

Abstract: A high speed belt to belt transfer chute useful in handling, without modification or adjustments, material ranging from sticky clay and fine dust to large rocks. The generalized chute is designed either to bend the material flow to the vertical after it has left a leading belt or, conversely, to direct material moving vertically downward into the direction of a following belt. The chute is constructed of individually replaceable, ribbed elements, which may be repositioned and replaced as they wear in order to maintain the same directed, controlled flow of material, while minimizing the replacement cost and downtime.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant pipe bend or elbow for slurry pipelines is disclosed. The bend or elbow has a wall of enlarged thickness disposed in the exterior of the turn of the fluid flow, in the area where impingement of the interior wall of the elbow by solid particulate material is most likely to occur. The wall of enlarged thickness includes a plurality of spaced protrusions which form a plurality of indentations or pockets. Openings of the pockets are disposed in substantial alignment with the instantaneous trajectory of solid particulates transported in the slurry. The pockets become filled with captured solid particles when slurry is transported through the elbow. The particles act as a shield or buffer against further bombardment of the wall of the elbow by the particles. Leading edges of the protrusions optionally have a cladding of an abrasion resistant material, such as a hardfacing composition, and are disposed to have a favorable, usually large, impact angle with the solid particles.

Abstract: A fluid flow conduit having its interior wear surface containing multiple anti-erosion protrusions for reducing erosion caused by flow of fluids carrying abrasive particles. The anti-erosion protrusions are usually located on radial outer portion of an elbow, and are preferably pyramid-shaped and arranged in a staggered pattern relative to the fluid flow direction, but other similar shapes can be used. The protrusions can be made integral with the conduit interior wall, or attached to the wall by welding individual protrusions, or by welding to the wall curved plates each containing a row of protrusions. Such protrusions reduce erosion in conduits for particulate bearing fluid streams flowing at velocities over about 50 ft/sec, to disrupt the fluid flow pattern, reduce the velocity and change the angle of impingement of abrasive particles, in areas where high wear rates occur and substantially reduce the rate of wear on the conduit surface.

Abstract: A pneumatic transportation system for particulate material, such as powdered or granular materials, with a switching valve (7) for selection of different transport paths within the transportation system. The valve includes a turnable rotor (15) with a bore or a compartment (23), the inner part of which constitutes a blind space for forming an erosion-preventing cushion (26) of powder. An upstream conduit (6) is connected to the valve housing (14) opposite to the blind space of the compartment (23). In dependence on the position of the rotor (15), the compartment (23) or a channel (24) adjacent to this forms a connection to any one of several downstream conduits (20, 21) connected to the valve housing (14).

Abstract: A forage blower having an upwardly extending, tangential blower outlet transition member which is hinged along one of its sides so as to be moved to thereby expose the inside of the blower housing. The blower housing includes a two-portion rim sheet. A wear liner is secured in one portion of the rim sheet and is located generally in the lower part of the blower housing; this wear liner can be replaced by circumferentially shifting the rim sheet and the wear liner together to an area where the wear liner can be replaced when the blower outlet transition member is moved. The construction of the side walls, rim sheet portion and liner is such that a smooth and unobstructed inner surface of the liner and rim sheet is provided for the material being handled.

Abstract: Disclosed is an elbow for use in pelletized plastic conveying systems. The elbow includes first and second legs disposed at an angle to each other with an impingement plate disposed therebetween. The impingement plate is positioned to deflect pellets traveling substantially parallel to the axis of the first leg to travel substantially parallel to the axis of the second leg. The elbow includes a funnel section positioned to receive particles deflected by the impingement plate and funnel them toward the second leg. The funnel section also reduces the velocity of the pellets in the vicinity of the impingement plate.

Abstract: A method for extending the life of a curved section in a pipe wherein finely divided particulate solids are transported in fluidized flow by positioning pre-rotation vanes upstream of the curved section, the improvement comprising the use of pre-rotation vanes fabricated of steel and hardened by boron vapor diffusion hardening.