Abstract: Systems and method relating to machining parts include a CNC system including CNC machining tools, and a computer including a processor and a computer-readable medium, wherein the computer-readable medium encodes instructions of a single NC program that, when run on the processor, causes the computer to control a selected CNC machining tool to perform operations including alternating between (i) moving the selected CNC machining tool along a semi-finishing toolpath segment using a first set of spindle speed and feed rate values to remove a next portion of rough stock material in a next region of a part being manufactured, and (ii) moving the selected CNC machining tool along a finishing toolpath segment to remove a semi-finishing thickness portion of the part in the next region, wherein the first set of spindle speed and feed rate values are different from the second set of spindle speed and feed rate values.

Abstract: An apparatus for engraving images has an engraving table driving apparatus for making a sliding table, on which table a card on which an image is to be engraved is fixedly mounted, reciprocate from side to side; and engraving machine for performing engraving on the card by making a cutter head, disposed oppositely facing the card on the sliding table, move vertically; a base, integrally mounted with the engraving machine, which reciprocates back and forth; a belt placed in such a manner as to be movable back and forth on the top surface of the base; and a lever, rotatably mounted in a vertical direction on the base, by means of which the belt is mounted in a fastened state in the end section of the base. The operation for feeding the card to the starting point and returning them can be accomplished rapidly, and therefore the time required to engrave the card can be shortened considerably.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing a three dimensional form from a photographic image of that form comprises, projecting in a parallel beam an image of a series of spaced parallel lines onto the object to be reproduced. The object with the superimposed lines is photographed obliquely, by way of reflection off a spherical mirror such that the lines appear as contour lines on the photograph. This photograph is subsequently projected onto a screen, again via reflection off a spherical mirror. The contour lines on the image on the screen are then traced in turn by a stylus or pen linked via a pantograph to a cutting tool which cuts out a corresponding contour from a block of material.