Abstract: Retaining structure for a turbo-machine forming an annulus having a complex ircumferential construction comprising a cylindrical sector of a high mechanical strength material protecting a member secured on the casing of the machine. The complementary sector of the annulus is a honeycomb structure mounted between an internal and an external skin. The cylindrical sector is formed by a thickening of the internal skin. A strap of a material with a high elastic modulus serves to secure at least the complementary sector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to abradable rings for turbines, wherein they are constituted by an abradable refractory material and are formed by at least one open ring maintained clamped against a fixed metallic structure with the aid of at least one spring, and to refractory materials which may be used for making said rings.

Abstract: An axial flow turbine comprises an annular array of rotatable turbine blades which are surrounded by a shroud ring. An open honeycomb structure is attached to the shroud ring, the open cells of which honeycomb structure contain an abradable material. The honeycomb structure is totally covered by an impervious coating which contains a ceramic material. The impervious coating resists oxidation and/or erosion of the abradable material.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has an axial flow compressor, the inner wall of which is provided with a lining adapted to capture and retain any small hard foreign objects impinging upon it. The lining consists of an aluminum alloy sheet having a silicone rubber coating bonded to one side and a stainless steel honeycomb structure bonded to the other side. The honeycomb structure is bonded in turn to the inner wall of the compressor casing. The silicone rubber coating has a plurality of finely divided hollow silica microspheres dispersed within it.

Abstract: The invention discloses a confinement structure for a turbojet engine to retain and confine fragments of a rotor blade. The structure has three zones of varying vulnerability to the blade fragments so as to maximize the confinement of such fragments, while minimizing the weight of the structure. A first zone, located in the plane of rotation of the rotor blade wheel confines the small fragments which may impact in this zone. A second zone, adjacent to the first, but located downstream, contains a retention belt structure to absorb the energy generated by contact with the larger blade fragments. Finally, a third zone, downstream of the second zone, defines a containment chamber to retain the larger blade fragments.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ceramic turbine ring rigid with an annular metallic carrier, which includes the steps of (a) moulding a ceramic member in a predetermined shape, (b) locating the ceramic member produced in step (a) and an annular cavity of a channel which defines a mould; (c) rotating the mould and moulding under centrifugal action a metallic material around the ceramic member, the rotation continuing until the metallic member has solidified; (d) demoulding the ceramic turbine ring part and its carrier produced in step (c) by disassembling the mould; and (e) machining the part produced by step (d) to produce the turbine ring.

Abstract: A submersible pump especially usable for civil engineering works is provided in which a wear resistant protecting member is disposed at the portion opposing the backside of an impeller shroud to protect that portion from wear due to abrasion by earth and sand contained in the liquid handled by the pump. The protecting member is provided with holes or portions similar to holes which are adapted to surround the exposed portions of the bolts so as to prohibit the liquid flow from directly contacting the bolt portions with flowing speed or kinetic energy so that wear of the bolts is prevented.

Abstract: An improvement for a turbocompressor having a rotor, a stator and a casing, and an abradable coating provided between the rotor blades and the casing, or between the stator vanes and the rotor, such that the blades make initial contact with the coating to abrade the coating and produce a minimal clearance. The abradable coating is formed on a member having a first layer of carbon-fiber reinforced graphite adapted for attaching the coating member to the casing or rotor, and a second layer of graphite in the region in which the blade tips are intended to rub. The second layer may optionally contain, preferably radially oriented brush-type graphite-fiber reinforcements, or be entirely composed thereof.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting deterioration of a replaceable liner in a pump transporting an electrically conductive fluid medium. A conductive component is isolated, during normal operation, from the conductive fluid medium by the electrically insulative liner. The conductive component is positioned at a predetermined location relative to the liner such that upon a selected degree of wear of the liner, an electrical circuit is completed upon contact of the fluid medium and the conductive member.

Abstract: In a high-speed, high-volume ventilation fan, a noise-attenuating housing structure includes a perforated inner casing contained within a solid-walled outer casing. Filling the space between the inner and outer casings is a porous, sound-absorbing material. To prevent loss of downstream pressure, and therefore operational efficiency, due to leakages of air through the sound-absorbing material from the downstream side at the fan blades to the upstream side thereof, an annular anti-flow barrier is situated in the space between the inner and outer casings slightly downstream of the fan blades. The structure thus provides a high degree of noise attenuation without sacrificing operational efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting the amount of clearance between the tips of the blades of a large axial flow fan and the inner surfaces of the fan cylinder wall. A plurality of foam spacer panels are secured to the inner surfaces of the fan cylinder walls. A cutting means is attached to the outer end of the longest fan blade and extends a short distance outwardly therefrom. Rotation of the fan causes the cutting means to trim the spacer panels to achieve the required clearance. A plurality of plastic sheets are secured to the spacer panels in covering relationship thereto.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for minimizing and maintaining substantially constant the effective blade tip clearance between the outer free ends of rotor blades and an adjacent casing shroud of an axial-flow turbine of a gas turbine engine. The casing shroud includes a portion facing the hot gas stream and the outer rotor blade ends and a packing of high heat-resistance, high erosion-resistance ceramic elements secured to the shroud via a metal ring to face the blade tips. A heat insulator is interposed between the packing and the metal ring. A perforated conduit is mounted outside the metal ring for blowing cooling fluid against the metal ring on the side thereof remote from the insulator for equalizing the expansion of the metal ring to that of the turbine wheel. The ceramic packing includes projections facing the outer ends of the blades which are tapered so that they are easily broken off when coming into contact with the blades during running-in of the apparatus.

Abstract: A circumferentially extending structure 30 for containing particles having an axial component and a radial component of velocity is disclosed. The apparatus is comprised of a hollow annular beam 48 and a fabric 46 wrapped under tension about the annular beam such that the installed length of the fabric is greater than the free length of the fabric. In one particular embodiment the fabric is coated with a layer 116 of epoxy resin such that the resin penetrates only the top layer of the fabric to form a shield. The shield layer protects the containment fabric from injury.

Abstract: A circumferentially extending structure 30 for containing particles having an axial component of velocity and a radial component of velocity is disclosed. The structure includes an inner casing 48 and an outer casing 50. The outer casing is formed of a plurality of layers of flexible fabric and includes layers having differing masses per unit length in the fabric. The layers of fabric extend about the inner casing. A means for applying a load to the fabric engages the fabric to place the fabric in tension. One such means is a plurality of bars 80, 82 and turnbuckles 74. In one embodiment, the fabric has a greater mass per unit length in the leading edge region and a greater tension is applied to the leading edge region than other regions of the fabric. A method of forming the structures is disclosed.

Abstract: A containment ring for a gas turbine engine consists of a substantially rigid inner cylinder around the periphery of which is wound layers of fibrous material, a plurality of axially extending strips are located upon the outermost curved surface of the layers of fibrous material and are secured thereto by self-tapping screws.

Abstract: A trash pump having a mixed flow impeller has a housing with a rear wall through which the impeller shaft extends. A large front opening in the housing is sealingly closed by a readily detachable cover member wherein there is a port through which water enters the housing. Attached to the rear of the cover member is a volute that is received in the housing through said front opening therein and whereby water centrifuged from the impeller is guided in spiral flow to a side outlet in the housing. The rear portion of the volute, wherein there is an opening through which the impeller can pass, is adjacent to the rear wall of the housing all around the shaft. A front wall of the volute has an inlet opening in register with said port and has a rearwardly opening recess concentrically surrounding said inlet opening. An annular liner of tough elastomeric material, received in said recess, has a conical rearwardly divergent rear surface slightly spaced from front edge portions of the impeller vanes.

Abstract: A ferrule surrounding the blading of a rotor is lined externally with an assembly of elements of revolution. These elements are in the form of cylindrical rings, circular rings or of tori supported between blocking elements. The assembly is formed by alternating rings made of a composite or metallic material and a winding of fibers encased in a polymerizable resin.

Abstract: A cylinder of a gas turbine engine is formed of a multilayered construction including a radially inner ceramic ring, the inner surface of which is juxtaposed to the tips of a turbine rotor, an intermediate arrangement of two annular ceramic rings that are substantially L-shaped in cross-section and are disposed in mirror image so as to entrap the radially inner ceramic ring, and a radially outer metallic support means which envelopes the intermediate ceramic rings for maintaining the composite ceramic structure during different operating modes of the turbine engine. The composite ceramic portion of the cylinder enables the engine to operate at higher temperatures, and offers the potential for improved turbine tip clearance control, since the ceramic material is less sensitive to thermal distortion.

Abstract: This invention is directed to improving the thermal shock resistance of a ceramic layer. The invention is particularly directed to an improved abradable lining (16) that is deposited on a shroud (14) forming a gas-path seal in turbomachinery.Improved thermal shock resistance of a shroud is effected through the deliberate introduction of "benign" cracks. These are microcracks which will not propagate appreciably upon exposure to the thermal shock environment in which a turbine seal must function.Laser surface fusion treatment is used to introduce these microcracks. The ceramic surface is laser scanned to form a continuous dense layer as shown in FIG. 2. As this layer cools and solidifies, shrinkage results in the formation of a very fine crack network.The presence of this deliberately introduced fine crack network precludes the formation of a catastrophic crack during thermal shock exposure.

Abstract: A support for a sealing lining of a jet engine blower consists of three centric ferrules: one inner ferrule carrying the sealing lining, an intermediate ferrule, an outer ferrule, and a U-shaped ferrule supporting the inner and outer ferrules. The ferrules are made of epoxy resin and glass fibers. The outer ferrule has surfaces which telescope into parts of the casing.

Abstract: A centrifugal pump casing of the volute type having a volute region comprising two circular segments of differing radii adjoining tangentially and a discharge branch leading tangentially away from the segment of greater radius. Liners for the casing are formed in the same manner. Preferably the adjoining circular segments are of common constant cross section.

Abstract: High temperature resistant turbine engine shrouds are formed of an amphoteric refractory oxide, a phosphate binding agent and optionally a stabilizer, reinforcement and/or porosity controller.

Abstract: This invention relates to a wear lining containing rubber e.g. for pumps intended for handling wearing material such as dredger and mud pumps of the centrifugal type, which wear lining comprises a layer of wear rubber rigidly combined with a support plate. One of the problems with wear linings of such pumps is that already in manufacture they must be given a shape corresponding to the shape of the shell of the pump housing in which they are to be mounted, and must be manufactured in sections to permit mounting in their pump housing. For this a great number of moulds is required, which involves great costs of manufacture, and as the known wear linings for pumps are manufactured in sections, mounting thereof will be difficult and time-consuming, at the same time as there will be a joint between two sections, which has turned out to be a part of the wear lining that is exposed to wear.

Abstract: A trash handling pump featuring simplicity of construction wherein the pump parts stack one upon the other and the impeller and/or its housing, the latter of which has integrated volute structure, include resilient surface portions strategically formed and located to prevent solids from fixedly lodging therebetween and thereby causing the parts to either malfunction or break. As here provided, the impeller housing has a slip fit and shock absorbing mount. The pump unit also features a self lubricating system which is automatically controlled by the pump discharge. An improved arrangement of seals insures against leaking of lubricant from the pump housing.Preferred embodiments of the pump include a two part impeller housing embodying volute structure in each part thereof. The arrangement is such that the parts may be easily molded of plastic materials.

Abstract: A centrifugal pump for pumping a mixture of abrasive particles in a liquid has a casing affording a cylindrical pumping chamber with an inlet and outlet, and an impeller of circular form disposed in the chamber for rotation about the longitudinal axis thereof, with radially extending vanes for drawing the mixture into the chamber through the inlet and expelling it via the outlet, the dimensions of the impeller and pumping chamber being such that the clearances between the impeller and chamber wall are small. The inside wall of the chamber, and the impeller carry an outer layer of rubber or like abrasive-resistant material.

Abstract: An impeller type pump has a pump body consisting of a front casing and a back casing. Each of the casings comprises a ceramic main portion and a protection member covering the main portion. The protection members of both the main portions are interconnected with each other at their confronting marginal portions through a continuous packing. Those confronting marginal portions of both the main portions which are adjacent to a pump chamber defined by inner surfaces of both the main portions are provided each with a plurality of concentrical rims loosely interdigitated to form a labyrinthine narrow passage restricting the flow of waste water therebetween, resulting in reduction of wear of the packing.

Abstract: A device is provided for containing blades of rotating turbomachinery comprising a high-strength ring supported in radial spacial relationship over the blade tips by means of a stationary support structure. The ring is supported in such a manner that it is capable of spinning with respect to the support structure when acted upon by a predetermined blade force.

Abstract: Wear liners in abrasive material handling apparatus or equipment in positions to receive the impact and scouring by hard materials such as sharp rocks, broken glass, tin cans, metal pieces and other hard particles at all impact angles including acute angles and at high velocities. Such liners comprise a layer of vulcanized rubber or equivalent material having an impact receiving surface that is smooth and continuous, with one or more sheets of abrasive resistant wire mesh embedded in said layer parallel with and spaced below said surface, and with said sheets, when more than one, spaced from each other and parallel. The rubber or rubber-like material is substantially inseparably vulcanized or bonded to the wires of said sheet or sheets and is of approximately 60 Shore durometer hardness.

Abstract: A pump casing for high pressure pumps is composed of two halves each half being provided with a liner. The two casing halves are joined by flanges which are recessed to receive corresponding flanges of the liners. At least one groove is provided in the recess formed by the casing flanges to receive and retain part of the liner flange material.

Abstract: An impeller type pump has a pump body consisting of a front casing and a back casing. Each of the casings comprises a ceramic main portion and a protection member covering the main portion. The protection members of both the main portions are interconnected with each other at their confronting marginal portions through a continuous packing. Those confronting marginal portions of both the main portions which are adjacent to a pump chamber defined by inner surfaces of both the main portions are provided each with an annular rib such that the annular ribs of both the main portions define a narrowed clearance restricting the flow of waste water therebetween, resulting in reduction of wear of the packing.

Abstract: A high temperature turbine shroud assembly for an aircraft gas turbine engine comprising a plurality of arcuate ceramic blocks arranged in a ring. The blocks are supported by a pair of annular support members which retain the blocks in the assembly. Spring-like fingers associated with the support members apply a preloaded force against a pair of slanted dovetail surfaces on the blocks to force the blocks against rigid stops formed upon the annular support members, thereby establishing their proper radial position within the assembly. The preload applied by the fingers accommodates the thermal expansion differences between the ceramic blocks and the metallic support members. In an alternative embodiment, the blocks are retained between cooperating rigid legs extending from the annular support members and wedged radially inwardly into position by a preloaded spring contacting the back side of the blocks.

Abstract: Volute pumps are frequently used for abrasive liquids such as in the transportation of aqueous slurrys of finely divided coal and similar materials. Since pumps for such purposes are very large, they are ordinarily made as double volute pumps to minimize radial thrust. When pumps are used for abrasive materials, the wear on the pump occurs primarily at the volute lips. In accordance with the present invention, a volute pump is provided with replaceable lips so that the lips can be replaced as they become worn. Further, the lips can be made of a much more resistant material than the body of the pump.

Abstract: A self-priming centrifugal pump is disclosed in which major structural components of the pump housing are constructed from molded reinforced corrosion resistant plastic material. Internal parts of the pump housing which are subject to corrosion and abrasion from pumped liquids are formed using corrosion resistant metal and are permanently affixed to certain of the plastic pump housing components. The plastic components are reinforced against distortion resulting from pressure forces acting on them. Parts of the pump housing are detachably connected by clamping structure to permit replacement or repair of the pump impeller without requiring formation of load bearing threads in the plastic pump housing parts.

Abstract: A dewatering pump assembly for pumping water from excavations or other holes in the ground and upwardly to a more or less remote discharge area. The pump assembly includes a housing in which the impeller, fluid motor, and the connecting drive shaft all are located and the drive shaft and its bearings sealed in a bath of pressurized oil to prevent water from leaking into the housing.

Abstract: A composite flywheel assembly for an air-cooled internal combustion engine including a cast iron flywheel which provides the inertial drive for the engine and a separate blower member having a circumferential array of vanes for propelling a flow of cooling air past cooling fins of the engine. The blower member is a one-piece molded impeller of flexible plastic material and is releasably retained on the inertia wheel by a snap-on interlocking engagement about the outer periphery of the flywheel. The closed end of a starter cup is received over an engine crankshaft and engages a conical skirt extending inwardly from the impeller base to spring bias the impeller against the flywheel.