Abstract: A fan according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a casing, an impeller including a hub portion, rotor blades, and a cylindrical portion, and fixed blades, the casing including an increasing diameter portion having an inner circumferential surface increasing in inner diameter from an air inlet side toward an air outlet side, a maximum outer diameter of the rotor blades being larger than a minimum inner diameter of the increasing diameter portion, a position of the minimum inner diameter of the increasing diameter portion being located, in an axial direction, at the air inlet side of a position of the maximum outer diameter of the rotor blades, the rotor blades projecting, in the axial direction, from the hub portion toward an air inlet, and a length of the fixed blades in the axial direction being longer than a width of the fixed blades along a radial direction.

Abstract: Provided is an axial fan including: an impeller cup including a blade extending in a radial direction; a motor configured to rotate the impeller cup; and a housing accommodating the impeller cup and the motor. The housing includes: a casing portion covering an outer periphery of the impeller cup; a base portion supporting the motor; and a spoke portion connecting the base portion and the casing portion. A vibration restraining portion is provided in a portion, which is connected to the spoke portion, of an outer peripheral portion of the base portion, and the vibration restraining portion has lower stiffness than the other portion of the outer peripheral portion.

Abstract: A steam turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes an outer casing. The steam turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes an annular member, which is a single member provided radially inward of the outer casing, and formed in the annular member are a seal region in which a sealing device for sealing a gap between said member and the outer peripheral surface of a rotor is located, a rear-stage-stator-vane-holding region where a rear-stage stator vane is held, and an inner casing region connecting the seal region and the rear-stage-stator-vane-holding region. The steam turbine according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a front-stage vane ring that is attached to the annular member and that holds a front-stage stator vane.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine (10) for an aircraft comprises an engine core (11) comprising a turbine (19), a compressor (14), a core shaft (26), and a core exhaust nozzle (20), the core exhaust nozzle (20) having a core exhaust nozzle pressure ratio calculated using total pressure at the core nozzle exit (56); a fan (23) comprising a plurality of fan blades; and a nacelle (21) surrounding the fan (23) and the engine core (11) and defining a bypass duct (22), the bypass duct (22) comprising a bypass exhaust nozzle (18), the bypass exhaust nozzle (18) having a bypass exhaust nozzle pressure ratio calculated using total pressure at the bypass nozzle exit; wherein a bypass to core ratio of: bypass ? exhaust ? nozzle ? pressure ? ratio core ? exhaust ? nozzle ? pressure ? ratio is configured to be in the range from 1.1 to 1.4 under aircraft cruise conditions.

Abstract: A propulsion system includes a drive shaft movable in rotation about an axis of rotation, a low-pressure compressor driven in rotation by the drive shaft, the low-pressure compressor having a mean radius, a fan shaft, a fan driven in rotation by the fan shaft, a reduction mechanism coupling the drive shaft and the fan shaft, having a reduction ratio, and an inlet channel which extends between the fan and the low-pressure compressor, the inlet channel having an inlet adjacent to the fan and an outlet opposite the inlet and adjacent to the low-pressure compressor, the inlet having a mean radius. A first ratio between a ratio of a mean radius of the inlet channel and the mean radius of the low-pressure compressor, and the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism, is strictly less than 0.35.

Abstract: An aero-propulsion system includes a drive shaft, a low-pressure compressor, a fan shaft driving a fan, a reduction device that couples the drive shaft and the fan shaft, and an inlet channel which extends between the fan and the low-pressure compressor, the inlet having a predetermined mean radius, a ratio between a mean radius of the inlet channel and the mean radius of the low-pressure compressor, on the one hand, and the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism, on the other hand, being less than 0.35.

Abstract: A flow guiding device for use on a fan assembly with a motor-operated radial impeller rotating about an axis of rotation. The guiding device has an outer housing and an inner diffuser. A flow duct is formed between the outer housing and inner diffuser. The flow duct extends along an axial flow direction. The outer housing forms a receiving space for the integral holding of the radial impeller. The impeller borders, in the axial direction, on the inner diffuser. The impeller, during operation, takes in a flow axially and blows it out radially into the flow duct. The flow duct is adapted to deflect the flow from a radial direction into an axial direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a blower, the blower according to an embodiment of the present invention comprising: a lower case having a suction hole formed therein through which air is introduced; an upper case arranged on the upper side of the lower case and having a discharge hole formed therein through which air is discharged; and a fan arranged in the lower case and including a plurality of blades. Each of the plurality of blades includes a plurality of airfoils respectively extending along different camber lines from one another, and a leading edge of connecting the leading ends of the plurality of airfoils. Entrance angles formed by the respective camber lines of the plurality of airfoils and the rotation directions of the blades are different from one another. Thus, due to the curved shape of the leading edge and the design of a recessed notch, a flow separating from the leading edge is reduced, and thus, there is an advantage in that air volume performance is improved.

Abstract: A fan includes a fan frame and a driving device. The fan frame includes a base, a frame shell and static blades arranged on the periphery of the base. The driving device includes a stator structure and a rotor structure. The stator structure includes a stator magnetic pole group and a bushing. The rotor structure includes a bearing, a shaft, a rotor shell, a magnetic structure and blades. The shaft is connected with the rotor shell and disposed through the bearing. The stator magnetic pole group magnetically drives the magnetic structure to rotate the rotor shell. The blades are arranged on the periphery of the rotor shell. Two ends of the frame shell are configured with two turning portions, respectively. The two turning portions are disposed between parts of the frame shell with different curvatures.

Abstract: A filtration element assembly for use with a cylindrical filter casing has a prismatic support body with a support body interior space. The side walls of the support body form a polygonal outer cross-sectional shape defining a circumscribed circle with a diameter less than or equal to the casing diameter. At least one side wall has an inlet flow passage with a receiving channel surrounding it. A porous filtration structure is disposed within the receiving channel so as to cover the inlet flow passage. A clamping member attached to each of the at least one side wall has a framing portion and a flange portion. The framing portion has a flow window formed there-through in registration with the inlet flow passage. The flange portion extends from the framing portion and is sized and configured for reception into the receiving channel to engage and retain the filtration element within the channel.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a part, comprising a curved shaft; a build plate connected to the curved shaft; a motor; and a transmission connecting the motor and the curved shaft. The build plate moves along a curved path having a radius of curvature originating on an axis when the transmission transfers power from the motor to the curved shaft. Material deposited on the build plate along the curved path forms the part comprising a solid of revolution around the axis. In one or more examples, the part is an aircraft engine inlet.

Abstract: A motor controller for an electric motor for driving a blower to generate an airflow. The motor controller includes a processor and a drive circuit configured to regulate power supplied to the motor to turn the blower. The processor computes a system resistance for the blower based on a fixed set point for a first control parameter and a feedback parameter. The processor receives an airflow rate demand value and computes an operating set point for a second control parameter based on the system resistance and the airflow rate demand value. The processor controls the drive circuit based on the operating set point to supply electrical power to the electric motor and to operate the blower to generate the airflow.

Abstract: A turbomachinery includes a casing, a rotor shaft rotatably attached to the casing, a first blade row fixed to either one of the rotor shaft or the casing, and a second blade row fixed to either one of the rotor shaft or the casing and arranged adjacent to the upstream side or downstream side of the first blade row, wherein the turbomachinery sets the number of first blades and the number of second blades in a manner that the interblade phase angle difference of the second blade row is ±180°.

Abstract: An air purifier includes a main housing, an air filter, a driving motor, a centrifugal fan, and an air outlet guider. The air outlet guider includes a central hub connected to the driving motor, a plurality of outlet guiding blades outwardly extended from the central hub, and a peripheral rim connected to the central hub at a distance from the central hub to form an air guiding cavity between the central hub and the peripheral rim. The outlet guiding blades extend in the air guiding cavity. When the driving motor is activated to draw air from the air inlet, the air is forced to sequentially pass through the filter assembly and the guiding cavity. The air in the air guiding cavity is diverted and guided by the outlet guiding blades to form a more streamlined flow which is to be discharged through the air outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a housing, wherein the housing has a cover disk having a cylindrical wall and a central receptacle with a hub for supporting a fan having a diagonal fan wheel, wherein a plurality of three-dimensionally curved air guide vanes (S) are arranged about the hub, characterized in that the air guide vanes (S) are materially connected to the cylindrical wall and as a result, the housing is produced in one working step.

Abstract: A steam turbine includes a rotor that rotates about an axis, a casing that covers the rotor from an outer side in a radial direction with respect to the axis, and a cover disposed outside the casing to form a hollow path portion between an outer peripheral surface of the casing and the cover, in which the cover is connected to a negative pressure source configured to put the path portion into a vacuum state, and the path portion is a space isolated from a space inside the casing.

Abstract: A blade containment assembly for a gas turbine engine comprises a casing having a first casing member surrounding a set of rotor blades and a second casing member extending axially from the first casing member. The first casing member has an outer annular wall welded to the second casing member at a weld joint disposed in a blade containment zone of the casing and an inner containment ring spaced radially inwardly from the outer annular wall and extending axially from a first location forward of the weld joint to a second location aft of the weld joint.

Abstract: A counter-rotating axial air moving device includes a front rotor and a rear rotor. The front rotor includes a front hub and a plurality of front blades, and the number of the front blades is equal to or greater than 7 and equal to or less than 11. The rear rotor is disposed on the downstream side of the front rotor. The rear rotor includes a rear hub and a plurality of rear blades, and the number of the rear blades is equal to or greater than 6 and equal to or less than 10. The front rotor and the rear rotor are stacked with each other with a total thickness and a diameter. The ratio of the total thickness to the diameter is equal to or more than 0.91 and equal to or less than 1.5.

Abstract: A bearing support for an aircraft engine, manufactured, in one piece, by powder-bed additive manufacturing from a manufacturing platform, including a cylindrical element including an annular stiffener with a cross-section that changes along its circumference, this stiffener being formed with alternating portions having a ?-shaped cross-section, needing to be supported during the manufacture, and portions having a Y-shaped cross-section that are not supported during the manufacture.

Abstract: A wind wheel including a plurality of blades and a hub. The plurality of blades each includes an inner edge, an outer edge, a leading edge, and a trailing edge. In a top view of the orthographic projection of the wind wheel, the maximum distance between the center O of the hub and the outer edge of the plurality of blades refers to the outer diameter R; the distance between the center O and the cross point A1 of the inner edge and the leading edge is named R1; the outer edge is connected to the leading edge via an arc; the distance between the center O and a joint A2 of the arc and the leading edge is named R2; and the distances R1, R2, and the outer diameter R satisfy the following conditions: 0.35R?R1?0.45R; 0.8R?R2?0.9R.

Abstract: A heat dissipation fan including a hub and a plurality of fan assemblies are provided. The fan assemblies are disposed around the hub, and each of the fan assemblies includes at least two blades. A runner is formed between the at least two blades. A width of the runner gradually reduces along a rotating axis of the hub.

Abstract: A turbine module includes a turbine rotor assembly, a turbine case, and a turbine shroud assembly. The turbine rotor assembly is mounted to rotate about a central reference axis. The turbine case is spaced radially outward from the turbine rotor assembly circumferentially around the central reference axis. The turbine shroud assembly includes a plurality of turbine shroud segments mounted to the turbine case. Each turbine shroud segment includes a blade track segment that faces the turbine rotor assembly and a carrier mounted to the turbine case.

Abstract: An aircraft gas turbine engine comprises a fan coupled to a fan drive turbine, the fan being configured to provide a bypass flow (B) and a core flow (A) in use. The engine includes a reduction gearbox which couples the fan to the fan drive turbine and a core compressor arrangement. The core compressor arrangement has a core inlet at an upstream end of a core gas flow passage (A) defined by radially inner and outer walls, and at least a first compressor rotor blade provided at an upstream end of the compressor arrangement. The radially inner wall of the core inlet defines a first diameter (DINLET), and a root leading edge of the first compressor rotor blade defines a second diameter (DCOMP). A first ratio (DINLET:DCOMP) of the first diameter (DCOMP) to the second diameter (DCOMP) is greater than or equal to 1.4.

Abstract: A rectification structural body includes a pipe line configured such that air flows from an air cleaner to an airflow sensor. The pipe line has a portion bent in an arc shape. In the pipe line, an air guide plate dividing an internal space of the pipe line into an inner portion and an outer portion of the arc is provided substantially parallel with the center line of the pipe line. The air guide plate includes two ribs. The two ribs are each in an arc shape. The two ribs stand, inside the pipe line, facing each other to extend toward each other. End edges of the two ribs are separated from each other in a rib standing direction by 0.5 to 5 mm at least on an airflow sensor side of the pipe line.

Abstract: A blower fan for preventing noise generated from blades and a peripheral interference object is provided, the blower fan including a cylindrical hub, a plurality of blades disposed to be spaced apart an asymmetric distance from one another about the hub, and a balancer connected to the hub to balance the blades.

Abstract: A cooling device includes a fan for blowing air to a control board arranged on the downstream side by rotation of a rotator. The cooling device further includes a bypass structure provided so as to avoid the rotator and configured to oil liquid to flow, at least, from the upstream side of the fan to the downstream side of the fan, and a gutter provided on the upstream side of the fan to lead the oil liquid to the bypass structure.

Abstract: A counter-rotating axial flow fan includes a first fan including a first impeller including first blades radially arranged around a predetermined central axis, a first motor rotating the first impeller around the central axis, and a first case surrounding an outer periphery of the first impeller, and a second fan including a second impeller including second blades radially arranged around the central axis, a second motor rotating the second impeller around the central axis, and a second case surrounding an outer periphery of the second impeller. End surfaces of the first and second cases contact each other at a first position in an axial direction, the first and second motors face in opposite directions from each other in the axial direction, and end surfaces of the first and second motors are opposite to each other at a second position that differs from the first position.

Abstract: An abrasive coating for a substrate comprises a strike layer is formed on a substrate top surface; a base layer is coupled to the strike layer; a tack layer is coupled to the base layer, wherein the tack layer is configured to adhere first grit particles to the base layer; a plurality of first grit particles are adapted to be coupled to the tack layer, a plurality of second grit particles are placed between each of the plurality of first grit particles, the second grit particles having a nominal size smaller than the first grit particles; and an overplate layer comprising a matrix material is bonded to the tack layer; the matrix material envelops the second grit particles and bonds and partially surrounds the first grit particles, wherein the first grit particles extend above the overplate layer.

Abstract: A server device is provided with a fan module that includes a removable or reconfigurable partition for different size fan units based on system requirements. The chassis can include a plurality of sleds and a fan module. The fan module includes a removable partition that can be configured to house a plurality of fan units.

Abstract: An outdoor unit for a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes: a fan; a bellmouth that covers a periphery of the fan; a casing that internally houses the fan and the bellmouth so that airflow faces upward and that has a top end edge having a flat shape; and a diffuser surface disposed below a top end edge of the casing but above a top end of the bellmouth and on the outer side relative to the top end of the bellmouth in plan view, wherein the diffuser surface is inclined to extend outward away from the rotation axis of the fan as getting upward. The casing has a plurality of side surfaces that cover the sides of the bellmouth. At least one of the side surfaces has a recessed shape toward the bellmouth so that a gap with the top end edge of the bellmouth is reduced.

Abstract: A low Reynolds number airfoil for a wind turbine blade, the airfoil having a leading edge 101, a trailing edge spaced from the leading edge 101, a chord 120 defined as a straight line joining the leading edge 101 and the trailing edge, a chord 120 length defined as distance between the trailing edge and the point on the leading edge 101 where the chord 120 intersects the leading edge 101 wherein the airfoil comprises a camber 121 between 5% to 7% of the chord 120 length, the camber 121 is disposed within a distance of 17% of the chord 120 length from the leading edge 101 and a thickness of the airfoil not greater than 7% of the chord 120 length.

Abstract: A predictive HVAC control apparatus and method, the predictive HVAC control apparatus having an input/output interface connected to a gain amplifier and a thermocouple amplifier, the gain amplifier connected to a first plurality of sensors disposed on an HVAC system, the HVAC system having HVAC system controls, and the temperature amplifier connected to a second plurality of sensors disposed on an HVAC system, a central processing unit connected to the input/output interface, and an HVAC control relay, connected to the input/output interface and the HVAC system controls.

Abstract: An axial flow fan has a boss portion rotationally driven by a motor; a plurality of rotary blades extending radially from a periphery of the boss portion and configured to force air to flow in a direction of a rotation axis of the motor; and a bellmouth accommodating the plurality of rotary blades, the bellmouth comprising a suction-side round portion having a curved surface expanded in a radial direction of the bellmouth, and a discharge-side round portion having a curved surface expanded in the radial direction of the bellmouth, the plurality of rotary blades each being entirely inclined to have an outer peripheral portion in a downstream side in an airflow direction, entirety of the outer peripheral portion being located on the downstream side in the air flow direction with respect to the suction-side round portion.

Abstract: A centrifugal blower is provided. The centrifugal blower includes a hub, a shaft, a motor, a plurality of blades, a rib, and a first fin. The shaft is connected to the hub. The motor rotates the shaft. Each blade includes a rib and a first fin. The rib is connected to the hub, wherein the rib extends from the hub to an end of the blade. The first fin is disposed on a first side of the rib and connected to the hub, wherein the first fin includes a first surface, the rib protrudes from the first surface, and the thickness of the first fin is less than the thickness of the rib.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a collection system for collecting vapor co-solvents that are a byproduct of liquid ink. In addition, the collection system collects dew condensation from the moist air that is generated by lamps that dry the ink on a substrate. The collection system can be located in an exhaust passage. A condenser is installed in parallel and in front of an exhaust fan in the exhaust passage. The exhaust fan directs a flow of air through the exhaust passage. The collection system also includes a removable waste bottle for collecting the dew condensation and the condensed co-solvents. The exhaust passage bifurcates into an exhaust duct that is located after the exhaust fan and which discharges dry air and a collection channel that is located in front of the exhaust fan and which carries liquid drip off to the removable waste bottle.

Abstract: An impeller of this disclosure includes a hub having a ring shape; and a plurality of blades that are provided on an outer periphery of the hub, wherein the blade has a trailing edge formed such that an inner side of a radial width of the blade is curved in a direction opposite to a rotation direction, in a plan view as viewed in a direction of a rotation axis.

Abstract: A fan assembly includes a nozzle and a device for creating an air flow through the nozzle. The nozzle includes an interior passage, a mouth for receiving the air flow from the interior passage, and a Coanda surface located adjacent the mouth and over which the mouth is arranged to direct the air flow. The mouth and the Coanda surface extend about an axis. The Coanda surface comprises a diffuser portion, the angle subtended between the axis and the diffuser portion of the Coanda surface varying about the axis.

Abstract: A fan casing includes: an air duct communicating with an air inlet and outlet; a frame body forming an outer peripheral surface of the air duct; a hub portion forming an inner peripheral surface of the air duct on the outlet side; and a stator blade portion provided in the air duct, the stator blade portion coupling the frame body to the hub portion. The hub portion includes a cylindrical-shaped cylindrical portion and a tapered portion provided next to the cylindrical portion and provided in such a manner as to increase the width of the air duct toward the outlet. The stator blade portion couples the cylindrical portion to the frame body.

Abstract: A fan comprising: (a) an impeller, (b) a motor connected to the impeller so that during operation the motor drives the impeller to move a fluid; (c) an instrumentation assembly that includes one or more components for controlling one or more operations of the fan; (d) an interface in communication with the instrumentation assembly; wherein the interface is configured so that one or more programs, one or more signals, or both can be input into the fan after a final assembly of the fan so that the fan can be configured to perform a desired function at the time of installation into a final product, reconfigured for a different purpose than originally programmed, or both.

Abstract: A refrigeration device or appliance has a fan assembly which is mounted in a housing with a housing front side part and a housing rear side part, and the fan assembly is secured to the housing rear side part and is held in place by the housing front side part.

Abstract: An axial fan includes a fan frame, an impeller and a motor. The fan frame has a frame body, a base and plural connecting members. The base is disposed at the center of a side of the frame body. The connecting members connect the frame body to the base. The impeller is accommodated in the frame body and disposed on the base. The impeller has a rotating shaft, a hub and plural blades disposed around the hub. The motor is disposed on the base and connects with the rotating shaft to drive the impeller to rotate. When the impeller rotates forwardly, the airflow is induced to flow through the connecting members, blades, and one side of the frame body away from the base. When the impeller rotates reversely, the airflow is induced to flow through the side of the frame body, blades and connecting members.

Abstract: A ring fan and shroud assembly having a fan, a shroud member, a recirculating flow member, and a plurality of curved guide vanes. The fan has a hub with a plurality of projecting fan blades and an outer ring member. The shroud member is positioned around the outer ring member. The recirculating flow member is on the shroud member and is positioned forward adjacent the outer ring member. The guide vanes are positioned within the recirculating flow member and define an inlet angle, which is nearly tangential with an outer entry diameter radial surface of the recirculating flow member, and an outlet angle that is nearly radial along an inner exit diameter of the recirculating flow member.

Abstract: A ventilation assembly, particularly for a vehicle, has a cowl with a conduit for air flow. The conduit has a first portion and a second portion having a smaller diameter and a joining portion joining the first and second portions. A fan is disposed in the conduit. The fan has an impeller with a peripheral ring having a lip. An annular passage is formed between the ring and the conduit. The lip has a substantially frusto-conical shape; and the joining portion of the conduit has a substantially frusto-conical shape, with an inclination angle (?) at least approximately corresponding to that of the lip of the impeller. The inclination angle (?) is between 115° and 145°.

Abstract: A pneumatically actuated vacuum pump is disclosed. The pneumatically actuated vacuum pump includes a body. The body defines at least two converging motive sections each having an outlet end, at least two diverging discharge sections each having an inlet end, and at least one Venturi gap. The Venturi gap is located between the outlet ends of the at least two converging motive sections and the inlet ends of the at least two diverging discharge sections.

Abstract: A generator system that includes an engine and an alternator which is driven by the engine to generate electrical power. A radiator is connected to the engine and an axial fan directs air toward the radiator to cool the radiator. A plurality of static vanes is located between the axial fan and the radiator. Each static vane includes an inner end and an outer end, the inner ends of the static vanes being joined together. The static vanes are curved in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis in order to direct the air towards the axis, thereby counterbalancing the centrifugal forces. The static vanes may be twisted, the pitch angle increasing from 0 degree at hub to circa 45 degrees at tip. Additionally, each static vane is attached to the shroud via a third member that extends axially, thereby allowing an axial offset between shroud and static vanes.

Abstract: A fan system may generate an air flow during use. In various implementations, a fan system may include a fan and an orifice. The orifice may include a converging section, a diverging section, and a minimum radius section disposed between the converging section and the diverging section.

Abstract: The structural case has an annular body having a central axis and including a plurality of boss sections circumferentially interspaced from one another around the axis by a plurality of arcuate panel sections, each panel section having: two parallel arcuate structural flange members being axially interspaced from one another; a sheet metal wall extending between and interconnecting the two flange members; and at least one rib having an edge welded to the sheet-metal wall.

Abstract: A modified version of an induction nozzle having a central “see-through” passive zone protects the induction ports from crosswind disruption. Modified features include: (i) a full-length wind band extending below the induction port inlets; (ii) multiple full-length mounting brackets, which impede circumferential crosswind flow around the nozzle; (iii) a transverse induction port separation plate, orthogonal to the centerlines of the induction ports; and (iv) elimination of one induction port opening.

Abstract: A cooling device includes: a cooling fan; a shroud provided at an outer circumferential side of the cooling fan; an inner circumferential wall provided on the shroud and adjacent to the outer circumference of the cooling fan; and an outer circumferential wall provided to surround the inner circumferential wall. An air-flow-direction downstream side end of the outer circumferential wall is positioned at a further downstream position in an air flow direction than an air-flow-direction downstream side end of the inner circumferential wall. An air-flow-direction downstream side end of the cooling fan is positioned at a further downstream position than the air-flow-direction downstream side end of the inner circumferential wall. A ratio between a length of the outer circumferential wall and a length of the inner circumferential wall in the air flow direction is 1.07 or more and 1.81 or less, and a width between the outer circumferential wall and the inner circumferential wall is 15 mm or more and 55 mm or less.

Abstract: An airflow passage structure is applied to a fan. The airflow passage structure includes a sidewall and an airflow channel. The sidewall has uneven thickness. The airflow channel is defined by an inner surface of the sidewall, and includes a channel entrance and a channel exit. The channel exit is in communication with an airflow inlet of the fan. The diameter of the airflow channel is non-uniformly distributed.