Abstract: A reciprocal compressor includes a cylinder, a piston inside the cylinder and including an upper wall constituting a compression chamber and a lateral wall formed to extend from the upper wall, an elastic cover provided so that an outer surface of the upper wall of the piston is between the piston and the elastic cover, and a cam mechanism configured to deform the elastic cover into a first state in which the elastic cover is apart from the upper wall of the piston to reduce a volume of the compression chamber and to restore the elastic cover into a second state in which the elastic cover is closer to the upper wall of the piston than in the first state while the piston is moved to a top dead center and a bottom dead center.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a refrigerant having potential for disproportionation reaction circulates a first refrigerant flow path connected between a discharge side of the compressor and the condenser; a second refrigerant flow path connected between the condenser and the expansion valve; a third refrigerant flow path connected between the expansion valve and a suction side of the compressor; a jetting unit; a pressure measuring unit; and a temperature measuring unit. The jetting unit is configured to jet the refrigerant drawn from the second refrigerant flow path or the third refrigerant flow path to at least one of the compressor, the first refrigerant flow path and the second refrigerant flow path when at least one of a measured value of the pressure measuring unit and a measured value of the temperature measuring unit exceeds an allowed value.

Abstract: In the case of a heating operation in which a use side heat exchanger functions as a condenser when the outside air has a predetermined low temperature, a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation start mode is executed in which, while a refrigerant, as discharged from a compressor, flows into the use side heat exchanger, the refrigerant, upon flowing into the injection pipe, merges with a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, which has traveled through the connecting pipe and has transferred heat in the heat source side heat exchanger, and a merged refrigerant is supplied to the injection port of the compressor, and thereafter a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation mode is executed in which the refrigerant, as discharged from the compressor, is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via the injection pipe while flowing into the use side heat exchanger.

Abstract: In a case of a heating operation in which the use side heat exchanger functions as a condenser when an outside temperature is a predetermined low temperature, a low-outside-temperature heating operation start-up mode in which, while a refrigerant discharged from the compressor is caused to flow into the use side heat exchanger, a refrigerant is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via the injection pipe and part of the refrigerant that has transferred heat in the heat source side heat exchanger is supplied to the compressor, is followed by a low-outside-temperature heating operation mode in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via the injection pipe while the refrigerant being caused to flow into the use side heat exchanger.

Abstract: In the case of a heating operation in which a use side heat exchanger functions as a condenser when the outside air has a predetermined low temperature, a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation start mode is executed in which, while a refrigerant, as discharged from a compressor, flows into the use side heat exchanger, the refrigerant is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via an injection pipe and a part of a refrigerant that is accumulated in an accumulator is supplied to the compressor via a connecting pipe, and thereafter a low-outside-air-temperature heating operation mode is executed in which the refrigerant, as discharged from the compressor, is supplied to the injection port of the compressor via the injection pipe while flowing into the use side heat exchanger.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit including a low-pressure shell structure compressor into which a refrigerant flowing through an injection pipe flows, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a refrigerant flow switching device, and a second expansion device configured to allow the refrigerant which has passed through the first expansion device and flows from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger to have an intermediate pressure, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the first expansion device, the refrigerant flow switching device, and the second expansion device being connected by pipes to constitute the refrigerant circuit, and further includes a controller that controls an amount of refrigerant flowing through the injection pipe into a compression chamber. A part of a high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger flows through the injection pipe.

Abstract: A diaphragm is provided in a pump case so as to define a pump chamber communicated with an external member having an air chamber. The actuator is provided in the pump chamber. An exhaust valve is provided with a valve body, formed with a slit through which air the pump chamber is exhausted, and a screw member, screwed into a first wall of the pump case to adjust an opening amount of the slit by a screwed amount thereof, thereby adjusting an exhausting rate of the air in the pump chamber. The pump case is formed with a ventilation hole communicated with the pump chamber to allow the air exhausted from the slit to pass through.

Abstract: A check valve 50 for a vacuum pump 1 is disclosed in which opening of the check valve 50 is controlled by centrifugal force by arranging a valve member 40 to slide along a slide axis Y-Y inclined with respect to an axis of rotation of a housing 27 in which the valve member 40 is slideably supported. The housing 27 rotates with a rotor 10 of the vacuum pump 1 and, in a one embodiment, the slide axis Y-Y is arranged at a right angle with respect to the axis of rotation X-X so as to maximize the effect of centrifugal force on the valve member 40 as the housing 27 is rotated.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for reducing chatter in multi-capacity compressors having disengageable eccentric structures. The multi-capacity fluid compressor includes a compression chamber having a discharge end and an inner surface. The compressor also includes a compression member having a disengageable eccentric structure allowing the compressor to provide discrete compression capacities. A valve portion is disposed adjacent to the discharge end of the compression chamber and is arranged and disposed to discharge a compressed fluid when the compression member has completed. A discharge arrangement is arranged and disposed to discharge at least a portion of fluid remaining in the compression chamber at the completion of the compression cycle. The discharge of at least a portion of the fluid remaining in the compression chamber reduces or eliminates forces on the disengageable eccentric structure to limit rotational acceleration of the disengageable eccentric structure.

Abstract: A vane pump is disclosed for use with gas turbine engines that is adapted and configured to provide a failure mode similar to that of a traditional gear pump. The vane pump includes a pump housing, a cam member, a cylindrical rotor member and a mechanism for communicating a high pressure fluid from the discharge arc region to the inlet arc region when the tip surface of each vane element has experienced a predetermined amounted of wear so as to prevent pump startup. The tip surface of each vane element wears as a result the sliding contact with the circumferential surface of the pumping cavity.

Abstract: A piston stroke limiting device for a reciprocating compressor of the type including a piston (2) reciprocating inside a cylinder (3), which is closed by a cylinder head (4) and defines, between the latter and the top of the piston (2), a compression chamber (5), said device comprising: a driving element (40) provided in one of the parts defined by the piston (2) and the cylinder head (4) and projecting to the inside of the compression chamber (5), in order to touch the other of said parts when the piston (2) surpasses a predetermined nominal position at the end of the compression stroke; and a relief valve (60), which is selectively displaced from a closed condition, in which it is seated on a respective valve seat (51) defined in a relief passage (50) communicating the compression chamber (5) with a region of the compressor subject to a substantially lower operational pressure, to an open condition, by action of the driving element (40), when the piston (2) surpasses said predetermined nominal position at t

Abstract: A fluid level controlled pumping system includes a pumping unit disposed within a fluid cavity. The pumping unit includes an inlet operable to receive a fluid to be pumped from the fluid cavity. The system also includes a valve slidably coupled to the pumping unit. The valve includes a passage for receiving pumped fluid from an outlet of the pumping unit. In response to a decreasing fluid level within the fluid cavity, movement of the valve relative to the pumping unit aligns the passage with a port of the pumping unit to recirculate the pumped fluid from the outlet to the inlet.

Abstract: A vane pump is disclosed for use with gas turbine engines that is adapted and configured to provide a failure mode similar to that of a traditional gear pump. The vane pump includes a pump housing, a cam member, a cylindrical rotor member and a mechanism for communicating a high pressure fluid from the discharge arc region to the inlet arc region when the tip surface of each vane element has experienced a predetermined amounted of wear so as to prevent pump startup. The tip surface of each vane element wears as a result the sliding contact with the circumferential surface of the pumping cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus for changing capacity of scroll compressor comprises: a seal member movably installed on one of facing surfaces of a fixed scroll so as to seal a compression space made by the fixed scroll and orbiting scroll; a back pressure passage formed to be communicated from a point, where the seal member is contacted, to an outer circumferential surface of fixed scroll; an exhaust pipe installed on outer circumferential surface of the fixed scroll to be communicated with back pressure passage; and an exhaust pipe opening/ closing valve installed on center part of exhaust pipe to open/close the exhaust pipe selectively, and thereby, sealability can be improved and low capacity can be outputted without decelerating orbiting scroll in low capacity operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston pump for increasing pressure for liquids, in particular for the camshaft phase adjustment of reciprocating internal combustion engines, said piston pump advantageously being integrated into the housing of the cylinder head. The piston pump for increasing pressure is defined in that it increases an existing fluid pressure to a required fluid pressure and keeps this pressure virtually constant. The piston pump for increasing pressure is advantageously pre-assembled in a sleeve.

Abstract: A vane pump is disclosed for use with gas turbine engines adapted and configured to provide a failure mode similar to that of a traditional gear pump. The vane pump includes a pump housing, a cam member, a cylindrical rotor member and a mechanism for communicating a high pressure fluid from the discharge arc region to the inlet arc region when the tip surface of each vane element has experienced a predetermined amounted of wear so as to prevent pump startup. The wearing of the tip surface of each vane element resulting from the slideable engagement with the circumferential surface of the pumping cavity.

Abstract: The invention is based on a radial piston pump (1) with a pump body (2), in which pump body (2) are placed pistons (4), and cylinders (5) arrayed radial to a cam (14) and the pistons (4) upon an inward thrust suck in fluid by means of suction side intakes (17) and upon an outward thrust, the pistons (4) impel fluid through pressure openings (7) in the outer end walls (6) of the cylinder (5) into a plenum (10). It is proposed, that in the base of the cylinders (4) respectively a connection boring (32) is made to the cam (14), which connection boring (32) is controlled by a relief valve (18). Upon the exceeding of its opening pressure the relief valve (18) opens and pressure peaks in the cylinder (5) can be diminished by means of said connection boring. At the same time, a pressure buffer between the base of the piston (4) and the bearing shell (16) is formed.

Abstract: A variable delivery fixed displacement pump is provided which has a rotating drive plate with a fixed angle. The drive plate has a fill passage extending between its radial outer surface and its drive surface, which allows fluid to be supplied to a fluid journal bearing. The drive plate also has a series of bearing supply passages which fluidly connect the drive surface of the drive plate with a base surface, allowing fluid to be supplied to a fluid thrust bearing. A method of pumping fluid is also provided which is comprised of the steps of reciprocating a plurality of pistons at least in part by rotating the drive plate, and by fluidly connecting a pumping chamber of the pistons to an annular groove that is part of the drive plate fill passage.

Abstract: An axial piston pump with center inlet fill utilizes a hydrostatic thrust bearing and a hydrodynamic journal bearing to support a rotating wobble type drive plate connected to a drive shaft. The rotation of the drive plate causes a plurality of parallel pistons to reciprocate up and down. The pumping chambers of a portion of the pistons are fluidly connected via a center fill passage to the inlet defined by the pump housing. Simultaneously, the pumping chambers of a different portion of the pistons are fluidly connected to the outlet via a high pressure actuation fluid outlet passage. The center fill passage exploits centrifugal forces to assist, rather than resist, the supply of low pressure fluid to the pistons, especially when rotating at higher speeds.

Abstract: The invention is based on a radial piston pump (1) with a pump body (2), in which pump body (2) are placed pistons (4), and cylinders (5) arrayed radial to a cam (14) and the pistons (4) upon an inward thrust suck in fluid by means of suction side intakes (17) and upon an outward thrust, the pistons (4) impel fluid through pressure openings (7) in the outer end walls (6) of the cylinder (5) into a plenum (10) whereby the check valves (22) are formed from an annular coil spring valve (9) which cover the pressure ports (7) and the thereto connected stress relieving corrugations (8), and upon the exceeding of a specified threshold transport pressure, the respective pressure opening (7) opens to the plenum (10). The proposal is made, that a stress relieving zone (27) of a piston-cylinder unit (4, 5) be connected to the pressure zone (5, 7, 26) of a neighboring piston-cylinder unit (4, 5).

Abstract: A fluid level controlled pumping system includes a pumping unit disposed within a fluid cavity. The pumping unit includes an inlet operable to receive a fluid to be pumped from the fluid cavity. The system also includes a valve slidably coupled to the pumping unit. The valve includes a passage for receiving pumped fluid from an outlet of the pumping unit. In response to a decreasing fluid level within the fluid cavity, movement of the valve relative to the pumping unit aligns the passage with a port of the pumping unit to recirculate the pumped fluid from the outlet to the inlet.

Abstract: A fluid level controlled pumping system includes a pumping unit disposed within a fluid cavity. The pumping unit includes an inlet operable to receive a fluid to be pumped from the fluid cavity. The system also includes a valve slidably coupled to the pumping unit. The valve includes a passage for receiving pumped fluid from an outlet of the pumping unit. In response to a decreasing fluid level within the fluid cavity, movement of the valve relative to the pumping unit aligns the passage with a port of the pumping unit to recirculate the pumped fluid from the outlet to the inlet.

Abstract: A pump which has a piston (30) which is reciprocatingly moved vertically inside a tubular housing (32) to extract fluid from the bottom of a well (29). The piston (30) is attached to a motor (12) for driving it and has a horizontally extending base plate (50) with a central opening (52) provided with a plug (64) functioning as a check valve. As the fluid is pumped, the plug (64) is raised and the fluid flows into a high pressure reservoir (35) above the base plate (50). When the pressure inside the reservoir (35) exceeds a specified level, the base plate (50) is moved downward against an upward biasing force. This opens an annular port (51) exposing bleed ducts (56) and allows some of the fluid in the reservoir (35) to flow back into low pressure chamber (37) located below the base plate (50).

Abstract: A variable displacement vane pump having a vaned rotor adjustably contained within a cam member for rotation between fuel inlet and fuel discharge arcs. Adjacent vanes form enclosed fuel bucket areas which are expanded and axially-supplied with fuel in the fuel inlet arc and are contracted and axially-discharge the fuel in the fuel discharge arc. Fuel circulation is improved by providing a central recess at each vane tip and/or a central groove in the cam surface to prevent trapping, stagnation and overheating of fuel at the centerpoints of the bucket areas, which overheating can result in expansion of the vane tips, scoring of the cam surface and pump failure.

Abstract: A dual-piston fuel pump assembly includes a housing having an inlet to a primary chamber and an outlet from a pumping chamber. Between the primary and pumping chambers are interposed concentric inner and outer pistons. Each piston is independently spring biased toward the pumping chamber. The inner piston is mechanically driven by an engine associated reciprocating drive and pumping action occurs as a result of the spring operating on the inner piston. The position of the outer piston relative to the inner piston is determined by the pressure in the pumping chamber as regulated by the force of the spring operating against the outer piston. When pressure in the pumping chamber exceeds predefined limits, the outer piston opens regulator ports disposed on the inner piston to recirculate fuel back into the low pressure primary chamber. Additionally, the outer piston acts as an accumulator to dampen pressure spikes.

Abstract: A compressor includes a reciprocating piston mounted in a cylinder for sucking-in refrigerant gas during a retraction stroke and then compressing and discharging the gas during a compression stroke. A front wall of the piston includes a through-hole, and carries a spring-biased closure for closing the through-hole. The closure can be opened counter to the spring force by the presence of an excessive pressure in front of the piston, in order to relieve that pressure. The closure projects forwardly beyond the piston front wall so as to also open the through-hole upon contacting an end plate of the cylinder during a compression stroke.

Abstract: In a suction-controlled ring gear pump a continuous elimination of the vacuum occurring in the displacement cells of the pump at higher speed is achieved by a long distance of the displacement cells from the end of the suction region to the start of the outlet opening and the resulting diminishing of the displacement cells. To avoid squeeze oil when operating at low speed, the displacement cells following each other in the displacement direction between the gear teeth are each connected to the adjacent displacement cells by overflow passages which pass through the gear teeth and in which check valves prevent a flow against the displacement direction. To obtain an increased pump power when reaching specific operating parameters the flow resistance in the suction conduit can be reduced and the effective edge of the pressure kidney shifted forwardly by connection of a further preceding pressure kidney.

Abstract: This invention relates to a vacuum pump. The pump includes a pump housing (10) having upper and lower cylindrical, partly liquid filled, compression chambers (11 and 12 respectively) which are separated from each other and in which an upper and a lower part (14, 15) of a piston (12) is movable. The piston has a passage (21) which is provided with a check valve and which provides communication between the upper and the lower chamber (11 and 12 respectively). The upper chamber communicates, via an opening (26) which is provided with a check valve, with a liquid filled de-aeration receptacle (27). The lower chamber (12), during a part of the movement of the piston, via an inlet (33), communicates with the space being evacuated.

Abstract: Hydraulic piston pump driven in an alternating reciprocating motion by bearing, through a stud, against a cam carried by a drive shaft, characterized by the fact that a device acting as non-return feed valve is incorporated in each piston (14) while the discharge pressure is permanently re-injected into the interior of the stud (17) by which said stud (17) takes support on said cam (6).

Abstract: This invention provides apparatus for use in a drive transmission system comprising a pump adapted to perform work on a medium and means repetitively and automatically to unload the pump. When connected with a flywheel driven by a prime mover an embodiment alternately performs work and then is unloaded to permit acceleration of the flywheel. In use in a driven transmission system there is provided a flywheel driven by an engine, a pump driven by the flywheel, powered by the pump, and means repetitively to unload the pump permitting the engine to accelerate the flywheel and compensation means to power the hydraulic motor while the pump is unloaded. The pump is preferably a rotary positive displacement pump having relief galleries eliminating the seal between pumping elements driving each cycle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigeration or heating system which includes a high pressure gaseous refrigerant bypass which introduces high pressure gaseous refrigerant to the compressor through a hole therein. This reintroduction of high pressure gaseous refrigerant increases the work capacity of the compressor, which is particularly valuable in the heating mode where the ambient temperature is low, and also hastens the pressure rising characteristics of the compressor. A low pressure gaseous refrigerant bypass to the compressor may also be provided for permitting a portion of the compressed refrigerant in the compressor to be discharged, thereby reducing the danger of overheating of the compressor. A further feature of the invention is the introduction of low enthalpy refrigerant into the compressor which will also cool an overheated compressor. Appropriate control means are provided for controlling the flow of refrigerant through the bypasses.

Abstract: A hand bicycle pump of generally cylindrical configuration essentially comprising a pump body adapted to be reciprocated on a pump rod. An air circulation chamber communicates at one end through the compression piston with the compression chamber in the pump body and at the other end via a check valve with a connector adapted to couple temporarily the pump to an inflation valve of an inflatable body, e.g. a tire. The desired inflation pressure is preselected by rotating a sleeve, accessible from outside the pump, having an index, relative graduations along a slot in the pump body. The sleeve varies the spring force exerted against one end of a piston control member, the other end of which is subjected to the pressure inside the inflatable body so that once the desired pressure is reach the control member is displaced axially to bring the compression chamber into communication with the atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention deals with a screw compressor with housing, such housing containing a working chamber with two parallel cylindrical intersecting bore holes. The working chamber is bordered by two even end walls vertical with the longitudinal axes of the bore holes; two helical or screw rotors are arranged in the working chamber revolving and engaging and sealed against the chamber walls so that they do not touch the latter, whereby there is axial clearance due to the manner of construction between the frontal walls of the chamber and the fronts of the helical part of the rotor, whereby the screw compressor is provided with a control for volume which causes the output to be decreased by returning the gas sucked into gaps to the suction chamber before compression starts.

Abstract: A vane assembly for a rotary compressor is provided having a shoe for sliding against a relatively moving surface and carried on a blade edge in a cylindrical pivot type joint. The shoe is generally channel-shaped in transverse cross-section and has openings in both of the opposite legs of the shoe. The cylindrical-shaped edge of the blade upon which the shoe is mounted is dimensioned relative to the socket of the shoe receiving the edge to permit movement of the cylindrical edge in a direction away from the web of the shoe under a condition of high differential pressure across the shoe so that a relief passage from the high pressure space on the one side of the shoe to the low pressure space on the other side of the shoe is provided by the openings in the legs of the shoe and the cylindrical edge moved apart from the web of the shoe.

Abstract: A piston type compressor for use with an automotive air conditioning system with the capabilities of successfully operating over a wide range of ambient temperatures including apparatus to automatically modify the compressor displacement in response to operating conditions. The effective displacement of the compressor is decreased in response to decreasing ambient temperatures to prevent an excess of compressor capacity over the cooling capacity of the evaporator at that temperature. The modulating apparatus includes pressure responsive valving mounted in the piston to monitor inlet pressure which correspond to operation during low ambient temperatures.