Abstract: An environmental control system includes a cooling circuit having at least one heat exchanger for cooling a first medium therein. At least one compressing device is operably coupled to the cooling circuit. The at least one compressing device includes a first compressor and a second compressor, wherein the first medium is provided to the first compressor and the second compressor in series, and a temperature of the first medium provided to an inlet of the second compressor is less than the temperature of the first medium at an outlet of the first compressor.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes a plurality of inlets for receiving a plurality of mediums including a first medium and a second medium and an outlet for delivering a conditioned form of the second medium to at least one load of the aircraft. A ram air circuit includes a ram air shell having at least one heat exchanger positioned therein and a dehumidification system is arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit. A compression device is arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the dehumidification system. The compression device includes a compressor and a plurality of turbines including a first turbine and a second turbine operably coupled by a shaft. An outlet of the first turbine is directly coupled to an inlet of the second turbine, such that the first medium is provided to the first turbine and the second turbine in series.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a foam machine. Liquid for generating foams is conveyed onto a laminating member through a liquid pump. The laminating member further conveys the liquid onto a foam forming device. On the foam forming device, a rotating ring is provided with a plurality of forming rings and a plurality of forming ribs, so that a plurality of foam film forming holes are formed in the rotating ring; afterwards, as the rotating ring rotates, the laminating member can form foam films on the respective foam film forming holes, and continuous foams are formed after an air flow is blown through; the foams are pushed by the air flow to be continuously sprayed out; and new foam films are continuously formed on the respective foam film forming holes.

Abstract: A diffuser includes a lower element and an upper element. The upper element is fixed on the lower element, and the upper element and the lower element are formed separately. The lower element includes a lower inner wall and a lower outer wall, and the upper element includes an upper inner wall and an upper outer wall. The upper inner wall is connected to the lower inner wall to form an internal air-guiding surface, the upper outer wall is connected to the lower outer wall to form an external air-guiding surface, and the internal air-guiding surface and the external air-guiding surface define an air-guiding channel for air flow diffusion. The upper element includes an upper air-guiding wing for connecting the upper inner wall and the upper outer wall, and the lower element includes a lower air-guiding wing for connecting the lower inner wall and the lower outer wall.

Abstract: A pump assembly including a plunger in communication with a pumpable media, a plurality of combustion chambers and a plurality of pistons. Each piston is associated with one of the combustion chambers. The pistons are in communication with the plunger and operatively arranged to together collectively urge the plunger in a pumping direction when the combustion chambers are triggered for displacing the pumpable media with the plunger. Also included is a method of pumping a media.

Abstract: The hydraulic engine includes first and second reaction chambers, the first and second reaction chambers each having an enclosure within which is disposed a floating piston. An impulse turbine is in fluid communication with the first and second reaction chambers. A delay valve is in fluid communication with the first and second reaction chambers and the impulse turbine, the delay valve operable to switch between a first position and a second position, the first position providing a flow of pressurized fluid to the first reaction chamber to cause an explosion therein and the second position providing a flow of pressurized fluid to the second reaction chamber to cause an explosion therein. Successive explosions in the first and second reaction chambers provide flows of high pressure fluid to drive the impulse turbine and to switch the delay valve.

Abstract: A fluid distribution system for use in a gas turbine engine includes a fan shaft, a damper, a bearing, and a pump. The damper supports the bearing, and the bearing supports the fan shaft. The pump is connected to and driven by the fan shaft. The pump is also fluidically connected to the damper.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods, and apparatus for abating effluent from an electronic device manufacturing system using cogeneration. The invention includes a pump adapted to couple to a processing chamber and adapted to draw effluent from the processing chamber; a reaction chamber coupled to the pump and adapted to receive the effluent from the pump; and a turbine coupled to the reaction chamber and adapted to be driven by combustion gases from the reaction chamber. The turbine is adapted to generate power which is applied to operate the pump. Numerous additional aspects are disclosed.

Abstract: A combustion-driven hydroelectric generating system has one or more combustion cylinders that contain a liquid (such as water) and receive a combustible fuel/oxidizer mixture that is ignited and the explosive force of the combustion acts on the surface of the liquid to transfer a metered slug of the liquid to a pressurized vessel containing a pressurized gas (preferably an inert gas). The pressurized liquid from the pressurized vessel serves as a “head of water” that can be used to operate a water wheel (Pelton wheel) or hydroelectric generator and perform other useful work. The transferred liquid is replaced in the combustion cylinders, another charge of the fuel/oxidizer is introduced and ignited and the process is repeated.

Abstract: A catalyst bed assembly, comprising: an outer housing having an open interior, an inlet leading to the open interior, and an outlet from the open interior; a catalyst bed in the open interior; and a gap between the outer housing and the catalyst bed. The open interior receives material from the inlet. A portion of the material enters the catalyst bed to expose said material to a catalyst so that the material and the catalyst react and create heat within the catalyst bed assembly. A remainder of the material enters the gap between the outer housing and the catalyst bed to cool the catalyst bed assembly. The catalyst bed assembly could be part of a turbopump assembly. The turbopump assembly would further include a nozzle downstream of the outlet; a turbine downstream of the nozzle; and a pump driven by said turbine.

Abstract: A power generating assembly structured to have dual functionality by combining an interactive operation of both an engine assembly and a compressor assembly in an at least partially segregated or isolated relation to one another within a common housing. The engine assembly may be connected to anyone of a plurality of different power take-offs in order that the power generated thereby is capable of doing work. Concurrently the compressor assembly is operative to pressurize a fluid flow passing there through and more specifically to increase the pressure of a refrigerant vapor which, after compression is transfer to a condenser or other utilitarian device for operation of a space conditioning or like facility.

Abstract: An engine type apparatus converts the energy released by the internal combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel directly into high pressure. A power cylinder is physically located opposite one of a gas or liquid work cylinder. The power piston is coupled directly to either the gas/liquid work piston. Gas/liquid, under low pressure, enters the work cylinder to cause the coupled pistons to move and generate the compression stroke. The ignition of compressed fuel and air forces the coupled pistons in the opposite direction and the trapped gas/liquid travels through a one-way valve into one or more high-pressure accumulator(s). The pressure of the gas/liquid drives a pneumatic/hydraulic motor to accomplish work. The process is controlled by load requirements to create an “energy on demand” system.

Abstract: A combustion engine including a combustion chamber for combusting a fuel in an explosion cycle, and a separate pump chamber, connected with the combustion chamber and having a liquid inlet opening through which pump liquid flows into the pump chamber, and a liquid outlet opening, through which the pump liquid is expelled from the pump chamber under the action of combustion gas formed in an explosion cycle, wit the separate pump chamber being divided by at least one flexible diaphragm into a gas space and a liquid space so that the combustion gas, with flows out of the combustion chamber into the separate pump chamber, displaces the flexible membrane against the pump liquid.

Abstract: An engine type apparatus converts the energy released by the internal combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel directly into high pressure. A power cylinder is physically located opposite one of a gas or liquid work cylinder. The power piston is coupled directly to either the gas/liquid work piston. Gas/liquid, under low pressure, enters the work cylinder to cause the coupled pistons to move and generate the compression stroke. The ignition of compressed fuel and air forces the coupled pistons in the opposite direction and the trapped gas/liquid travels through a one-way valve into one or more high-pressure accumulator(s). The pressure of the gas/liquid drives a pneumatic/hydraulic motor to accomplish work. The process is controlled by load requirements to create an “energy on demand” system.

Abstract: The device of the current invention produces volumes of compressed air by utilizing a turbocharger, a compact combustion assembly, and a hydraulic power pack. The turbocharger includes a turbine and centrifugal compressor, each being interconnected using a pressure-lubricated bearing such that the turbine drives the compressor. Compressed air leaving the compressor is passed through a junction box containing a plurality of air distribution nozzles. The nozzles direct the compressed air either to a pressurized receptacle or back to the combustion assembly in order to provide a source of air for a combustion chamber. This device will economically obtain significant volumes of compressed air more efficiently than other known methods.

Abstract: A gas compressor is provided comprising a chamber (9) to contain gas to be compressed, a piston (12) and the chamber (9) and an apparatus to drive the piston into the chamber (9) to compress the gas. The compressor also comprises another apparatus (5) to form a spray of liquid in the chamber (9) to cool the gas on compression therein, so that the gas may be compressed approximately isothermally. Valve (17) are provided to allow compressed gas to be drawn from the chamber. The apparatus to drive the piston (12) comprises another apparatus to deliver driving energy stored in the fluid directly to the piston. In one embodiment, the driving energy is provided by a combustible fuel. The heat of compression is rejected at the lowest temperatures and the hot exhaust gas from the combustion process may be used to preheat the isothermally compressed gas.

Abstract: A process of utilizing combustion products from fossil fuels to produce hydro-electric power through a process of allowing such products to displace water from a tank for operating a turbine or pelton wheel. The process allows hydro-electric power to be generated at a greatly increased efficiency. Preferably, two tanks are used to receive combustion products which exert pressure to displace the water. Alternatively, oxygen or air and a fossil fuel such as natural gas are introduced into the tank and combusted therein to generate the combustion products. The process allows existing power plants to generate additional power, and thus greatly increase the overall efficiency of the plant.

Abstract: First turbine stage 14 rotates at low speed, doing moderate work, and driving a low pressure pump (22). Second turbine stage 16 rotates at high speed, doing a major portion of the work, and drives a high pressure pump (28). The low speed pump is compatible with suction requirements, and the second turbine stage does the substantial work at high efficiency.

Abstract: Single shaft, air breathing auxiliary power units having a single stage centrifugal load compressor driven by a gas turbine engine. The latter has a single stage centrifugal compressor and a single stage radial inflow turbine mounted in back-to-back relationship on the same shaft as the load compressor. Control systems for these auxiliary power units feature turbine exhaust gas temperature and turbine speed responsive fuel flow control; a bypass valve control which causes air to be dumped overboard when the pneumatic load demand drops to prevent load compressor surge; and an inlet guide vane control.

Abstract: A pulse combustion powered apparatus is disclosed for temperature conditioning and pressurizing fluids. The alternating periods of positive and negative pressure of the combustion gases of a pulse combustion burner drive a reciprocating compressor and the rejected engine heat is recovered by heat exchange with a primary fluid. The compressor may be included in a reversible refrigeration circuit to provide heating and cooling of secondary fluids.

Abstract: A pulse combustion powered apparatus is disclosed for temperature conditioning and pressurizing fluids. The alternating periods of positive and negative pressure of the combustion gases of a pulse combustion burner drive a reciprocating compressor and the rejected engine heat is recovered by heat exchange with a primary fluid. The compressor may be included in a reversible refrigeration circuit to provide heating and cooling of secondary fluids.

Abstract: An integral turbofan/solid propellant gas generator air induction system features in a single device a solid propellant gas generator and a turbofan which are operative, when activated, even after long periods of storage, to take ambient air and compress it to the pressures required in emergency situations for preventing loss of life and valuable equipment, for example, the inflation of an aircraft slide.

Abstract: In a thrust vector control system of the type in which a solid-propellant s generator powers a turbine-driven pump for driving hydraulic actuators for controlling the direction of thrust, the improvement being a feed back control system in which a variable-area gas valve is disposed inline between the gas generator and the turbine. The turbine speed is fed back to an electronic controller where it is compared with a commanded turbine speed. The controller applies forward-loop compensation to provide a signal that adjusts the area of the gas valve to control the operating pressure of the gas generator to drive the turbine speed to the commanded value.

Abstract: A hydraulic power supply system utilizing a turbine-driven pump in a hydraulic circuit and a solid propellant gas generator providing gas for driving the turbine. A gas pressure relief valve is operable to maintain the gas generator at constant pressure and has a range of pressure settings to vary the burn rate of gas generator and, thus, the power delivered to the turbine dependent upon the flow demands on the pump. There is a relatively low pressure setting when there is a reduced flow demand on the pump. The control provided by the settable hot gas relief valve reduces the size and weight of a number of components of the hydraulic supply system.

Abstract: A method of converting steam pressure from a boiler into a constant pressure hydraulic fluid working media and system for efficiently utilizing the hydraulically stored energy in a land vehicle or the like. A reciprocating steam piston actuates one or more hydraulic pistons in cylinders without going through a crankshaft or other rotating parts. A means of recuperating kinetic energy from a decelerating vehicle and storing it as pressurized working fluid is provided.

Abstract: A liquid propellant gun utilizes a differential piston having a plurality of bores through its head, which head divides the liquid propellant pumping chamber from the combustion chamber, and propellant supply means providing liquid propellant under pressure into said pumping chamber, which propellant under pressure both advances the piston to enlarge the pumping chamber and to decrease the combustion chamber and injects and atomizes a predetermined quantity of propellant through said bores from said pumping chamber into said combustion chamber, and a check valve which precludes flow of liquid propellant under pressure from said piston to said propellant supply means and damps said piston at the end of its combustion stroke.

Abstract: A liquid propellant gun utilizes a differential piston having a plurality of bores through its head, which head divides the liquid propellant pumping chamber from the combustion chamber, and propellant supply means providing liquid propellant under pressure into said pumping chamber, which propellant under pressure both advances the piston to enlarge the pumping chamber and to decrease the combustion chamber and injects and atomizes a predetermined quantity of propellant through said bores from said pumping chamber into said combustion chamber, and a check valve which precludes flow of liquid propellant under pressure from said piston to said propellant supply means and damps said piston at the end of its combustion stroke by means of a damping cylinder.

Abstract: A gas compressor is provided comprising a chamber (9) to contain gas to be compressed, a piston (12) and the chamber (9) and an apparatus to drive the piston into the chamber (9) to compress the gas. The compressor also comprises another apparatus (5) to form a spray of liquid in the chamber (9) to cool the gas on compression therein, so that the gas may be compressed approximately isothermally. Valve (17) are provided to allow compressed gas to be drawn from the chamber. The apparatus to drive the piston (12) comprises another apparatus to deliver driving energy stored in the fluid directly to the piston. In one embodiment, the driving energy is provided by a combustible fuel. The heat of compression is rejected at the lowest temperatures and the hot exhaust gas from the combustion process may be used to preheat the isothermally compressed gas.