Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method to purify produced water from a wellbore using heat energy recovery. The apparatus comprises a wellbore with a wellhead attached to the wellbore; at least one energy recapture device connected to the wellhead of the wellbore with produced water, wherein the at least one energy recapture device captures heat energy of the production fluids including produced water, and at least one distillation device connected to a heat recovery device wherein the at least one distillation device uses at least a portion of the energy from the heat energy recovery device to heat a volume of the produced water in the distillation device to remove contaminants from the produced water to create purified water. The method comprises steps to use the apparatus and the system comprises a control panel that operates at least one energy recapture device.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method to purify produced water from a wellbore using energy. The apparatus comprises a wellbore with a wellhead attached to the wellbore; at least one energy recapture device connected to the wellhead of the wellbore with produced water, wherein the at least one energy recapture device captures fluid pressure of the production fluids including produced water; and at least one reverse osmosis membrane connected to the pressure recapture device wherein the at least one reverse osmosis membrane uses at least a portion of the fluid pressure from the energy recapture device to move a volume of the produced water through the reverse osmosis membrane to remove contaminates from the produced water to create purified water. The method comprises steps to use the apparatus and the system comprises a control panel that operates the at least one energy recapture device and the at least one reverse osmosis membrane in a coordinated manner.

Abstract: An air-driven pump system comprising an efficiency valve. One or multiple efficiency valves integral to the pumping system prevent overfilling of the air chambers, thereby reducing the amount of air used by the system while decreasing the energy wasted by the system.

Abstract: In a seawater desalination system for producing fresh water from seawater by passing the seawater pressurized by a pump through a reverse-osmosis membrane-separation apparatus to separate the seawater into fresh water and concentrated seawater, an energy exchange chamber for utilizing pressure energy of the concentrated seawater discharged from the reverse-osmosis membrane-separation apparatus as energy for pressurizing part of the seawater is provided. The energy exchange chamber includes a concentrated seawater port for introducing and discharging the concentrated seawater, a seawater port for introducing and discharging the seawater, a plurality of flow regulators, and a plurality of partitioned fluid passages provided in the chamber to allow the concentrated seawater port and the seawater port to communicate with each other.

Abstract: A system and methods for pumping a multiphase fluid using a pneumatic pump are described herein. The method includes separating a multiphase fluid into a gas stream and liquid streams, and flowing a liquid stream into a pressure vessel of a pneumatic pump until a liquid level within the pressure vessel reaches a specified high level. The method also includes compressing the gas stream to form a high-pressure gas and pressurizing the pressure vessel by the flowing high-pressure gas into the pressure vessel until a pressure level within the pressure vessel reaches a specified high level. The method further includes pumping the liquid stream from the pressure vessel to a destination until the liquid level within the pressure vessel drops to a specified low level, wherein the high-pressure gas provides a motive force for pumping the liquid stream.

Abstract: A powder feed apparatus for a powder spraycoating equipment includes a dense phase powder pump fitted with at least one, or two feed chambers. Each of the feed chambers includes at one chamber end a powder intake valve and at the opposite chamber end a powder outlet valve and further includes at least one air exchange aperture to alternatingly apply compressed conveying air or a partial vacuum to the feed chamber. The apparatus further includes an integral structural block. The structural block includes the feed chambers and first control valves connected in fluid communication to at least one of feed chambers for the purpose of applying compressed conveying air and a partial vacuum to it. The first control valves are directly connected, in fluid communication via ducts constituted in the structural block, to at least one of the feed chambers.

Abstract: The compressor compresses gas in capillaries leading to a radially distant annular container space. Centrifugal force acts on gas bubbles entrained between liquid slugs moving radially outward through the capillaries which may be radial, tangential or continuously curved. Compressed gas is collected in the annular space. A gas-liquid emulsion is fed to the capillaries by an inboard emulsification device. The emulsification may include a vortex generator, an ejector or a venturi injector, all feeding the gas-liquid mixture into the inboard ends of the capillaries. The capillaries are formed in a series of discs, coaxially stacked with outer disc ends open to the annular space. Capillary inlets may be perpendicular, tangential or may define a venturi jet.

Abstract: A deliquification pump for deliquifying a well comprises a fluid end pump adapted to pump a fluid from a wellbore. In addition, the deliquification pump comprises a hydraulic pump adapted to drive the fluid end pump. The hydraulic pump includes a first internal pump chamber and a first pump assembly disposed in the first chamber. The first pump assembly includes a piston having a first end, a second end, and a throughbore extending between the first end and the second end. In addition, the first pump assembly includes a first wobble plate including a planar end face axially adjacent the second end of the piston and a slot extending axially through the first wobble plate. The first wobble plate is adapted to rotate about the central axis relative to the housing to axially reciprocate the piston and cyclically place the throughbore of the piston in fluid communication with the slot.

Abstract: The airlift pump with helical flow pattern includes a nozzle body having a fluid passage therethrough. A plurality of air or gas injector nozzles surrounds the central passage. The outward side of each nozzle is tangent to the fluid passage wall through the body to produce circumferential flow in the fluid passage. Each of the air injector nozzles is also inclined in the direction of flow through the body, the tangential inclination resulting in a helical flow pattern through the body. The centrifugal force generated by the circumferential and helical flow through the body results in a pressure decrease through the core of the fluid passage, thereby enhancing entrainment of fluid into the device to increase its efficiency. The fluid passage through the nozzle body is devoid of any structure, and the inlet end of the passage is smoothly radiused to further increase the efficiency of the device.

Abstract: A fragrance capsule and a diffusing device therefor, the capsule including substrate elements into which a fragrance is adsorbed, a frame, a first grille and a second grille which are fixed in the frame facing one another, each grille having a plurality of bars, where the bars of one and the same grille being spaced apart and the grilles being spaced apart, so that the capsule allows a single layer of substrate elements to be held in the frame and between the grilles and allows air to circulate through the frame around the substrate elements and the bars.

Abstract: A dense phase pump for particulate material includes a pump chamber wherein material flows into the pump chamber under negative pressure and flows out of the pump chamber under positive pressure. A plurality of pinch valves are provided to control flow of material into and out of the pump chamber. The pinch valves are operated independent of each other and of the pump cycle rate. A modular design of the pump is provided.

Abstract: A compressor device that periodically supplies compressed working gas to a cooling device loses less of the gas by not using rotary valves. The compressor device includes a compressor cylinder, a compensation container and a drive device with an hydraulic cylinder. The compressor cylinder includes a compressor element, such as a piston or membrane, that divides the compressor cylinder into first and second volumes. The first volume contains the gas that is compressed by the compressor element. The hydraulic cylinder has a piston that is coupled to the compressor element. The compensation container contains compensation fluid and is directly connected to the second volume. The compensation container is also connected to the first volume by a gas line with a non-return valve that opens in the direction of the first volume. The drive device allows the compressed gas to be provided at a frequency required for Gifford-McMahon and pulse-tube coolers.

Abstract: A jet pump has a plurality of nozzles installed to a nozzle base, a throat and a diffuser. A first nozzle straight-tube portion, a first nozzle narrowing portion, a second nozzle straight-tube portion, a second nozzle narrowing portion, and a nozzle lower end portion formed in those nozzles are disposed in this order from the nozzle base to a ejection outlet. A narrowing angle of the second nozzle narrowing portion is larger than of the first nozzle narrowing portion. The jet pump forms, in a lower end portion of the throat, a flow passage narrowing portion having a flow passage cross-sectional area that gradually diminishes. This flow passage narrowing portion is inserted into an upper end portion of the diffuser.

Abstract: A dense phase pump for particulate material includes a pump chamber wherein material flows into the pump chamber under negative pressure and flows out of the pump chamber under positive pressure. A plurality of pinch valves are provided to control flow of material into and out of the pump chamber. The pinch valves are operated independent of each other and of the pump cycle rate. A modular design of the pump is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to equipment and a subsea pumping system using a subsea module installed on the sea bed, preferably away from a production well and intended to pump hydrocarbons having a high associated gas fraction produced by one or more subsea production wells to the surface. One object of this invention is achieved by means of the design of a pumping module (PM) which is linked to pumping equipment already present in a production well and which basically comprises: an inlet pipe (2), separator equipment (3), a first pump (4) and a second pump (8). In the subsea pumping system for the production of hydrocarbons with a high gas fraction, the other object of this invention, when oil is pumped from the production well (P) the well pump (13) increases the energy of the fluid in the form of pressure and transmits this increase in energy in the form of an increase in suction pressure in the second pump (8) of the subsea module (PM).

Abstract: Described are a gradient system and method, wherein at least two fluids are mixed in accordance with a noise level threshold. An inlet receives the fluids. A pump head body has a mixing chamber therein in communication with the inlet. The mixing chamber has a first delay volume configured to mix the fluids having a noise level. A pump head extension has a mixing chamber extension therein extending from the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber extension increases the volume of the mixing chamber by a second delay volume to a third delay volume. The fluids are mixed in the third delay volume at a compositional noise level that is less than the noise level.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump has a rotor and a hollow housing with a main interior chamber. The rotor is rotatably mounted in the main interior chamber. A smaller interior chamber is separated from the main interior chamber such that the smaller interior chamber retains gas therein when the main interior chamber is filled with a liquid.

Abstract: A subsea pumping system using a subsea module is installed on the sea bed, preferably away from production wells and intended to pump hydrocarbons having a high associated gas fraction produced by subsea production wells to the surface. The system achieves an advantage by the design of a pumping module (PM) which is linked to pumping equipment already present in a production well and which includes: an inlet pipe (2), separator equipment (3), a first pump (4) and a second pump (8). Another advantage of the subsea pumping system for the production of hydrocarbons with a high gas fraction is that, when oil is pumped from the production well (P), the well pump (13) increases the energy of the fluid in the form of pressure and transmits this increase in energy in the form of an increase in suction pressure in the second pump (8) of the subsea module (PM).

Abstract: The invention relates to a powder supplying device for a powder coating installation with at least one powder container, which has a powder chamber for coating powder, and with at least one powder injector, which is connected or can be connected to a powder discharge channel opening out via a powder discharge opening in the powder chamber, in order to suck coating powder out of the powder chamber in the powder coating operation of the powder coating installation with the aid of conveying compressed air fed by the powder injector. In order to make it possible for the powder to be changed quickly in an easy manner, it is provided according to the invention that the powder discharge channel has a reduced length of at most 300 mm, preferably a length of 160 mm to 240 mm and more preferably a length of 200 mm.

Abstract: An apparatus for purge to prevent AMC & natural oxide includes an FOUP configured to contain wafers and to have a receipt supply hole for supplying gas and a receipt discharge hole for discharging the gas at a lower part of the FOUP; stage units each configured to have the FOUP separated therefrom or seated therein, to support the seated FOUP, and to have a gas supply hole for supplying the gas at a position corresponding to the receipt supply hole and a gas discharge hole for discharging the gas at a position corresponding to the receipt discharge hole; a first gas supply port unit disposed in response to the gas supply hole and configured to supply the gas to the FOUP; and a first gas discharge port unit disposed in response to the gas discharge hole and configured to discharge the gas from the FOUP.

Abstract: A dense phase pump for particulate material includes a pump chamber wherein material flows into the pump chamber under negative pressure and flows out of the pump chamber under positive pressure. A plurality of pinch valves are provided to control flow of material into and out of the pump chamber. The pinch valves are operated independent of each other and of the pump cycle rate. A modular design of the pump is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for gas replacement capable of reducing the amount of replacement gas, improving a gas replacement rate, and reducing the amount of split liquid. In a replacement nozzle (11) which blows the replacement gas toward a container opening portion symmetrically about a center line in the container radial direction, the space between nozzle port outermost walls is divided with a plurality of wind direction adjustment plates (16a, 16b) to generate a plurality of blowout ports. The replacement gas flow blowing along the outermost walls of the nozzle opening are so blown inward as to form an angle of 100° to 130°. Moreover, the replacement gas is blown from the replacement nozzle to the range between the level lower than the end of the can opening by one third or more the height of the can neck portion and the level equal to or higher than the height of the can cover.

Abstract: When a fossil fuel well is producing fossil fuel, lift gas injected into the well to bring the naturally occurring fluids in the well to the surface along with the fossil fuel and the plunger if the well has a plunger. An instrument is programmed to use the predetermined criteria to dynamically control the rate of injection of the lift gas into the well.

Abstract: An improved spent catalyst regenerator which contains sub-troughs branching off from the main trough, distribution troughs which extend outward from the sides of the main trough and the sub-troughs, and downflow tubes extending downward from the bottom of the main trough and sub-troughs.

Abstract: A dense phase pump for particulate material includes a pump chamber wherein material flows into the pump chamber under negative pressure and flows out of the pump chamber under positive pressure. A plurality of pinch valves are provided to control flow of material into and out of the pump chamber. The pinch valves are operated independent of each other and of the pump cycle rate. A modular design of the pump is provided.

Abstract: An air blowing fan, comprising a crossflow-type impeller, and a first casing and a second casing for covering the impeller and for forming an air flow route, the first casing and the second casing being disposed next to each other in an axial direction of the impeller; and an outgoing direction of the air flow passing through the first casing and an outgoing direction of the air flow passing through the second casing being different from each other.

Abstract: A vacuum prioritization system for a vehicle is disclosed. In one example, use and availability of vacuum provided via vacuum sources is allocated to higher priority vacuum operated actuators when a pressure in the vacuum system exceeds a threshold pressure. The lower priority vacuum operated actuators have access to vacuum supplied via the vacuum sources when pressure in the vacuum system is less than a threshold pressure. The approach may allow higher priority actuators to operate for an extended amount of time.

Abstract: This disclosure features a system for processing microspheres. A vessel contains a suspension of solidified microspheres comprising polymer and an active agent. A hydrocyclone has a fluid inlet, a first fluid outlet and a second fluid outlet. The fluid inlet is in fluid communication with the vessel and receives the suspension. The second fluid outlet contains a flow of the suspension having concentrated microspheres. The first fluid outlet contains a flow of a relatively large amount of liquid compared to the flow from the second fluid outlet. Also featured is a method of processing the microspheres using the hydrocyclone.

Abstract: A compressing diaphragm pump having automatic air expelling and pressure abnormal-preventing features for spray use has a hollow tubular air discharge assembly having a plunger body and compressed spring as well as an air passage pierced at the wall of the water exit port and an air discharge orifice pierced of the central top surface of the air discharge assembly for connecting with the plunger body. When air is mixed within the pressurized water, the resilient force of the compressed spring is bigger than the water pressure of the pressurized water. This allows the air mixed in the pressurized water to get into the air passage and pass the plunger opening of the plunger body via through pore, and is dispelled out of the upper hood via the air discharge orifice of the air discharge assembly.

Abstract: A system for reducing reactive components in ullage of a fuel tank, typically the fuel tank of an airplane. The system includes an air driven unit for creating a fluidic motive force to remove ullage from the fuel tank, and a main catalytic unit for receiving the ullage and reducing the reactive components to yield processed ullage for return to the fuel tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pump comprising a regenerative pumping mechanism having a generally disc-shaped rotor mounted on an axial shaft for rotation relative to a stator. The rotor has first and second surfaces each having a series of shaped recesses formed in concentric circles thereon, and a stator channel formed in a surface of the stator which faces one of the rotor's first or second surfaces. Each of the concentric circles is aligned with a portion of a stator channel so as to form a section of a gas flow path extending between an inlet and an outlet of the pump, and the rotor divides the section of flow path into sub-sections such that gas can flow towards the outlet simultaneously along any sub-section, channel or rotor side. As a result, the gas being pumped flows in a parallel fashion along both surfaces of the rotor. Thus, this configuration can provide a pumping mechanism where gas pressures on either side of the rotor can be substantially equal or balanced.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a dry-type vacuum pump comprising: at least one pumping stage (2), at least one rotary shaft (3) supported by a lubricated support bearing (7a, 7b) at least one lubricant deflector (12) and one ring seal (13) mounted on the rotary shaft, the ring seal (13) being mounted between the lubricant deflector (12) and the pumping stage (2), the lubricant deflector being mounted between the lubricated support bearing (7a, 7b) and the ring seal, a first reservoir (28) containing a first reserve of liquid lubricant (16a), said first reservoir (28) being in communication with the lubricated support bearing (7a, 7b) in a first volume (V1), a lubricant splashing unit mounted on the rotary shaft (3) in the first reservoir (28), one end of the lubricant splashing unit being bathed in the first reserve of liquid lubricant (16a), The vacuum pump has a second reservoir (15) comprising a second reserve of liquid lubricant (16b), the second reservoir (15) being separated from the first reservoir (

Abstract: A pressure transfer device for the transfer of pressure energy from a high pressure fluid stream to a lower pressure fluid stream wherein a generally cylindrical housing (61) contains a rotor (63) having a plurality of channels (65) extending axially therethrough that revolves about a central stator (67) or within a surrounding sleeve (73) and a pair of end covers (69, 71) which slidingly and sealingly interface with respective planar end faces (68) of the rotor. The end covers (69, 71) and the accompanying components of the device are constructed so as to allow the channels to be at least twice filled with a high pressure first liquid during each revolution of the rotor and thus discharge twice the volume of a pressurized second liquid than if they were filled only one with high pressure liquid.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump has a rotor and a hollow housing with a main interior chamber. The rotor is rotatably mounted in the main interior chamber. A smaller interior chamber is separated from the main interior chamber such that the smaller interior chamber retains gas therein when the main interior chamber is filled with a liquid. There is also a method for accommodating changes in volume of hydraulic fluid within the main chamber of the hydraulic pump housing. The method comprises providing the smaller interior chamber separated from the main chamber and retaining gas within the smaller chamber when the main interior chamber is filled with liquid, whereby expansion or contraction of the gas accommodates changes of volume of the liquid within the housing.

Abstract: A rolling-element bearing for bearing rotating components in vacuum devices includes a plurality of rolling elements (10) arranged between bearing elements (12, 14). A bearing compartment (26) is for example closed by sealing elements (22, 24) on both sides. The sealing elements (22, 24) have a minor sealing gap(s). The rolling-elements bearing is used in vacuum sections in which a pressure of less than 10?3 mbar prevails.

Abstract: A method of pumping a liquid using at least one operating tank (2), a pneumatic positive pressure displacement pump (1), which is based on the fact that during pumping, inflow valve (4) closure is controlled through the introduction of a control gas into the operating tank (2) positive pressure displacement pump (1) at a pressure lower than the pressure of the compressed actuating gas and from the hydrostatic pressure at the egress of the outflow valve but higher than the hydrostatic pressure on the ingress into the inflow valve (4), which causes the inflow valve (4) to close. A device for pumping liquids comprising at least one operating tank (2) of a positive pressure displacement pump (1), to which leads a control gas conduit (10) with a control valve (11) mounted thereon, which is used to close off the inflow valve (4), and the lower section of the operating tank (2) has a narrow section in the form of a vertical cylinder (16).

Abstract: An improved spent catalyst regenerator which contains sub-troughs branching off from the main trough, distribution troughs which extend outward from the sides of the main trough and the sub-troughs, and downflow tubes extending downward from the bottom of the main trough and sub-troughs.

Abstract: A dense phase pump for particulate material includes a pump chamber wherein material flows into the pump chamber under negative pressure and flows out of the pump chamber under positive pressure. A plurality of pinch valves are provided to control flow of material into and out of the pump chamber. The pinch valves are operated independent of each other and of the pump cycle rate. A modular design of the pump is provided.

Abstract: A venturi-type liquid pump is provided. The pump includes a supply line having a front end and a rear end, wherein the front end of the supply line includes a connector for connecting a supply of pressurized liquid to the supply line and the rear end of the supply line includes a nozzle having an exit orifice through which the pressurized liquid exits the supply line. The pump further includes a suction line having a first end and a second end, wherein the suction line is positioned in relation to the supply line to define a gap between the exit orifice and the first end such that the pressurized liquid exiting the exit orifice traverses the gap and entrains a second liquid within the gap before entering the first end of the suction line together with the entrained second liquid.

Abstract: A vacuum pump comprises an actuator with an actuating shaft; a mounting base with a first side being attached to the actuator; a pumping device having a pump ring being attached to a second side of the mounting base opposite to the first side; and a sound-proof cap being attached to an end face of the pump ring and the pumping device being driven by the actuating shaft penetrating through the mounting base.

Abstract: A feed method and a feed device, comprising a vacuum pump for evacuation of a storage vessel for a precursor which is solid and/or liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and for feeding the gaseous precursor which has been vaporized by evacuation, a first line section on the inlet side of the vacuum pump in order to produce a connection between the vacuum pump and the storage vessel for the solid and/or liquid precursor, at least one second line section for supplying carrier gas to the vacuum pump, and a monitoring device which can be connected to the first and the second line section and, during operation of the apparatus, provides open-loop and/or closed-loop control for the flow rate of the gaseous precursor and/or of the carrier gas, by keeping the partial pressure of the gaseous precursor below its saturation vapor pressure at least after it enters the pump.

Abstract: Systems and methods relate to utilizing fluid potential energy to produce large scale and sustainable hydroelectric power by employing a Cho-Venturi hydraulic ram (CVHR). The CVHR system includes a Cho-Venturi tube (CVT) in which a primary flow from a fluid at a head pressure at a depth in a body of the fluid combines with a recirculation flow in a throat section of the CVT. A pressure higher than the pressure outside the plant is generated at the end of a diverging section the CVT, which enables expulsion of the fluid discharged from hydraulic turbines under atmospheric pressure to the fluid depth while another portion of the fluid is recycled for power generation.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for purging atmospheric air from a chamber with a gas including means for generating a substantially non-turbulent, laminar flow front of the gas into the chamber with minimal turbulence to displace the atmospheric air in the chamber, the chamber having exhaust means associated therewith to permit the displaced atmospheric air to exit the chamber. The chamber is preferably a welding chamber and the gas is preferably argon.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coiled tubing installed and operated hydraulically driven downhole pump for hydrocarbon wells and especially hydrocarbon gas wells that are prone to produce fluids that choke gas production. The hydraulically driven downhole pump is driven by a closed loop surface positioned hydraulic power system. Should the hydraulically driven downhole pump become inoperative, it may be quickly retrieved and immediately replaced using a coiled tubing unit as compared to a workover rig. A coiled tubing unit is able to pull the coiled tubing string and re-install the string quite rapidly because the coiled tubing does not have joints that need to be disassembled or reconnected. The manpower needs and costs for replacement are considerably less and lost production of the well is substantially reduced.

Abstract: An enclosure (100) comprising a wall structure (110) defining a container space (112) and electronic devices (114) contained within this space (112). The wall structure (110) includes an entrance for providing an operative fluid (e.g., a heat-transfer fluid) into the container space (112) and an exit for draining the operative fluid therefrom. The wall structure (110) includes an inducement chamber that, when a motive fluid is introduced through an inlet (120), produces a differential pressure that induces the operative fluid in the container space (112) to flow through the exit to an outlet (122). The wall structure (110) can be at least partially constructed from a stack (400) of plates having openings and grooves forming the inlet, the outlet, the entrance, the exit, the fluid circuits, and the chambers.

Abstract: A fluidized bed gasification furnace has a fluidized bed formed and a freeboard section F above a bed material so as to produce a produced gas by a reaction of raw material with a gasifying agent and take out the produced gas through the freeboard section. Upon shutdown of the furnace, inert gas is fed from below to the furnace for purging of gas in the fluidized bed with inert gas while steam is supplied to a freeboard section above the fluidized bed to purge a gas in the freeboard section with steam.

Abstract: A gas-driven pumping device and a method for downhole pumping of a liquid from at least one liquid source in a well and onto at least one receiving region for the liquid. The pumping device comprises a pressure manipulation chamber having a lower chamber portion and an upper chamber portion, wherein the pressure manipulation chamber is connected in a flow-communicating manner to a liquid supply channel; a liquid discharge channel; a gas supply channel; and a gas discharge channel. By alternately lowering and increasing the gas pressure (Pchamber), liquid is pumped from the liquid source and onwards to the receiving region via the pressure manipulation chamber.

Abstract: An attachment for a fan, blower of other air moving device encompassing, and made of or designed to hold a scented material. The attachment may be constructed from any flexible, rigid or semi rigid material. A scented material base utilizing or made of paper, polymer, plastic, cardboard, ceramic, gel or other fragrance containing substrate that can be contained or placed inside said attachment. When the fan or blower is turned on a scent is emitted throughout the space. The attachment is available in standard or custom sizes, scents, shapes or colors to fit any standard fan or blower. The air movement produced creates a scent dispersion/diffusion effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for turning off a pump. In operation, when the device is activated there is vacuum pressure in a syrup chamber. A diaphragm acting in response to the vacuum causes a piston assembly in the syrup chamber to move in the one direction (e.g. right), thus compressing a W-shaped spring in the air chamber. As the piston assembly moves, a spring holder of the W-shaped spring also moves to the one direction. As the W-shaped spring is compressed over and passed the most compressed position, the W-shaped spring moves a valve assembly in the air chamber to an opposite direction (e.g. left) and blocks a hole in a spool that otherwise allows air to pass through the air chamber to activate the pump. When the air is stopped, this turns off the pump.

Abstract: A pressure exchanger for the transfer of pressure energy from a high pressure fluid stream to a lower pressure fluid stream wherein a generally cylindrical housing contains a rotor having a plurality of channels extending axially therethrough and a pair of end covers which slidingly and sealingly interface with respective end faces of the rotor. The end covers are supported against deformation by high pressure upon the end covers in an inward direction, as by exerting a balancing comparable outward axial force upon inward surfaces of the end covers through the employment of pressure-balancing chambers that are in communication with a high pressure fluid region at one end cover.