Abstract: The present disclosure relates to building very large gas turbines without changing rotor materials. The gas turbine part can include a structure composed of a metal and a ternary ceramic called MAX phase, having a formula Mn+1AXn, where n=1, 2, or 3, M is an early transition metal such as Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Sc, Ta, and A is an A-group element such as Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, and X is C and/or N.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapor to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of hardfacing/hardbanding materials, alloys, or powder compositions that can have low chromium content or be chromium free. In some embodiments, the alloys can contain transition metal borides and borocarbides with a particular metallic component weight percentage. The disclosed alloys can have high hardness and ASTM G65 performance, making them advantageous for hardfacing/hardbanding applications.

Abstract: A method and an equipment for processing NdFeB rare earth permanent magnetic alloy with a hydrogen pulverization are provided. The method includes steps of: providing a continuous hydrogen pulverization equipment; while driving by a transmission device, passing a charging box loaded with rare earth permanent magnetic alloy flakes orderly through a hydrogen absorption chamber, having a temperature of 50-350° C. for absorbing hydrogen, a heating and dehydrogenating chamber, having a temperature of 600-900° C. for dehydrogenating, and a cooling chamber of the continuous hydrogen pulverization equipment; receiving the charging box by a discharging chamber through a discharging valve; pouring out the alloy flakes after the hydrogen pulverization into a storage tank at a lower part of the discharging chamber; sealing up the storage tank under a protection of nitrogen; and, moving the charging box out through a discharging door of the discharging chamber and re-loading, for repeating the previous steps.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of permanent magnet materials, and discloses a composite permanent magnet material. The material is formed by splicing at least one permanent magnet material, with binding agent in between. The novel composite permanent magnet material that is formed by splicing different magnets greatly enriches the existing permanent magnet system and can completely replace the expensive rare metallic magnetic material. The composite permanent magnet material disclosed by the invention has high performances. The magnetic performance of the magnet can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the type and length of the magnets. In particular, the magnetic blank between the bonded NdFeB and the sintered NdFeB provides the designer and user of permanent magnetic motors with broader and flexible in material selection space and cost selection space.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a thermoelectric conversion material is made of a polycrystalline material which is represented by a composition formula (1) shown below and has a MgAgAs type crystal structure. The polycrystalline material includes a MgAgAs type crystal grain having regions of different Ti concentrations. (AaTib)cDdXe??Composition formula (1) wherein 0.2?a?0.7, 0.3?b?0.8, a+b=1, 0.93?c?1.08, and 0.93?e?1.08 hold when d=1; A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr and Hf, D is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, and Fe, and X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sn and Sb.

Abstract: A method for producing a NdFeB system sintered magnet. The method includes: a hydrogen pulverization process, in which coarse powder of a NdFeB system alloy is prepared by coarsely pulverizing a lump of NdFeB system alloy by making this lump occlude hydrogen; a fine pulverization process, in which fine powder is prepared by performing fine pulverization for further pulverizing the coarse powder; a filling process, in which the fine powder is put into a filling container; an orienting process, in which the fine powder in the filling container is oriented; and a sintering process, in which the fine powder after the orienting process is sintered as held in the filling container. The processes from hydrogen pulverization through orienting are performed with neither dehydrogenation heating nor evacuation each for desorbing hydrogen occluded in the hydrogen pulverization process. The processes from hydrogen pulverization through sintering are performed in an oxygen-free atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ferrous alloy article is disclosed and includes the steps of melting a ferrous alloy composition into a liquid, atomizing and solidifying of the liquid into powder particles, outgassing to remove oxygen from the surface of the powder particles, and consolidating the powder particles into a monolithic article.

Abstract: A scalable process is detailed for forming bulk quantities of high-purity ?-MnBi phase materials suitable for fabrication of MnBi based permanent magnets.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing aluminum-titanium-boron grain refining master alloys containing soluble titanium aluminide and insoluble aluminum boride particles, the process comprising mixing aluminum-boron alloy powder and K2TiF6 salt to obtain a blended mixture, heat treating the mixed powder blend thus obtained in an inert gas furnace just below the melting point of aluminum, at approximately 650 degrees Celcius sufficiently long and compacting the heated powder blend in the form of tablets. The cast grain size of an aluminum- 7 wt % silicon foundry alloy after inoculation with this master alloy at an addition level of 0.02% Ti was less than 200 microns for contact times of upto 15 minutes.

Abstract: A cubic boron nitride sintered body tool has, at least at a cutting edge, a cubic boron nitride sintered body composed of a cubic boron nitride particle and a binder phase. The binder phase contains at least Al2O3 and a Zr compound. On any straight line in the sintered body, the mean value of a continuous distance occupied by Al2O3 is 0.1-1.0 ?m, and the standard deviation of the continuous distance occupied by Al2O3 is not more than 0.8. On the straight line, X/Y is 0.1-1 where X represents the number of points of contact between Al2O3 and the Zr compound, and Y represents the sum of the number of points of contact between Al2O3 and cBN and the number of points of contact between Al2O3 and binder phase component(s) other than Al2O3 and the Zr compound.

Abstract: In a nanocomposite bulk magnet according to the present invention, nanocomposite magnet powder particles, including an Nd2Fe14B crystalline phase and an ?-Fe phase, are combined together. The composition of the magnet is represented by T100-x-y-z-n(B1-qCq)xRyTizMn, where T is at least one transition metal element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni and always including Fe, R is at least one rare-earth element including substantially no La or Ce, M is an additive metallic element, and x, y, z, n and q satisfy 4 at %?x?10 at %, 6 at %?y?10 at %, 0.05 at %?z?5 at %, 0 at %?n?10 at %, and 0?q?0.5, respectively. The powder particles have a minor-axis size of less than 40 ?m. And powder particles, of which the major-axis size exceeds 53 ?m, account for at least 90 mass % of the entire magnet. And those powder particles are directly combined with each other. Consequently, a full-dense magnet, of which the density is 96% or more of the true density of its material alloy, is realized.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a thermoelectric material comprising: ball-milling a compound comprising a plurality of components, the first component M comprising at least one of a rare earth metal, an actinide, an alkaline-earth metal, and an alkali metal, the second component T comprising a metal of subgroup VIII, and the third component X comprises a pnictogen atom. The compound may be ball-milled for up to 5 hours, and then thermo-mechanically processed by, for example, hot pressing the compound for less than two hours. Subsequent to the thermo-mechanical processing, the compound comprises a single filled skutterudite phase with a dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) above 1.0 and the compound has a composition following a formula of MT4X12.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing semi-finished products from a shape memory alloy, particularly an NiTi shape memory alloy, wherein a powder is first produced from a shape memory alloy, and subsequently the powder is divided into a coarse fraction and a fine fraction in a separating cut T. While the fine fraction is required, in particular, for the production of a first semi-finished product, employing the metal injection molding (MIM) method, the coarse fraction can be used for the production of a second semi-finished product, employing the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) method. The advantages of the invention can be summarized as follows. The MIM method for producing semi-finished products from a shape memory alloy is qualitatively improved and more cost-effective to implement if the coarse fraction that is typically obtained during powder production, but not used for the MIM process, can advantageously be supplied to a further process, in this case the HIP process.

Abstract: Provided are a crystalline alloy having significantly better thermal stability than an amorphous alloy as well as glass-forming ability, and a method of manufacturing the crystalline alloy. The present invention also provides an alloy sputtering target that is manufactured by using the crystalline alloy, and a method of manufacturing the alloy target. According to an aspect of the present invention, provided is a crystalline alloy having glass-forming ability which is formed of three or more elements having glass-forming ability, wherein the average grain size of the alloy is in a range of 0.1 ?m to 5 ?m and the alloy includes 5 at % to 20 at % of aluminum (Al), 15 at % to 40 at % of any one or more selected from copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni), and the remainder being zirconium (Zr).

Abstract: A method for producing a thermoelectric object for a thermoelectric conversion device is provided. A starting material which contains elements in the ratio of a half-Heusler alloy is melted and then cast form an ingot. The ingot is heat-treated for 12 to 24 hours at a temperature of 1000° C. to 1200° C. The homogenised ingot is crushed and ground to provide a powder. The powder is cold-pressed and sintered for 0.5 to 24 hours at a temperature of 1000° C. to 1500° C.

Abstract: An R-T-B based alloy strip including columnar crystals of an R2T14B phase, wherein in a cross-section along the thickness direction, columnar crystals extend out in a radial fashion from the crystal nuclei, the R-T-B based alloy strip satisfying the following inequality (1), where D1 and D2 are, respectively, the average value for the lengths of the columnar crystals on one side and the average value for the lengths on the other side that is opposite the one side, in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the cross-section. 0.9/1.1?D2/D1?1.1/0.

Abstract: A thermal mechanical treatment method includes consolidating a powder by a severe plastic deformation process and ageing the consolidated powder at low temperature. The method may include cryomilling the powder before consolidating the powder by a severe plastic deformation process; hot isostatic pressing the consolidated powder into a dense powder before aging the consolidated powder; hot extruding the dense powder into a stock shape before aging the consolidated powder; hot-working the stock shape on a gyrating forge at a predetermined temperature before aging the consolidated powder; or heating the consolidated powder to a predetermined temperature, and maintaining the consolidated powder at the predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.

Abstract: An R-T-B sintered magnet including a composition containing a rare earth element, a transition element and boron, containing essentially no dysprosium as a rare earth element, and having crystal grains with a composition containing a rare earth element, a transition element and boron, and grain boundary regions formed between the crystal grains, wherein the triple point regions which are grain boundary regions surrounded by 3 or more crystal grains have a composition containing a rare earth element, a transition element and boron and have a higher mass ratio of the rare earth element than the crystal grains, the average value of the area of the triple point regions in a cross-section being no greater than 2 ?m2 and the standard deviation of the area distribution being no greater than 3.

Abstract: An R-T-B based alloy strip containing dendritic crystals including a R2T14B phase, wherein on at least one surface, the average value for the widths of the dendritic crystals is no greater than 60 ?m, and the number of crystal nuclei in the dendritic crystals is at least 500 per 1 mm square area.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal article according to one embodiment may involve the steps of: Providing a composite metal powder including a substantially homogeneous dispersion of molybdenum and molybdenum disulfide sub-particles that are fused together to form individual particles of the composite metal powder; and compressing the molybdenum/molybdenum disulfide composite metal powder under sufficient pressure to cause the mixture to behave as a nearly solid mass.

Abstract: Carbide pellets including relatively small amounts of metallic binder are produced by steps of pressing, comminuting, shaping and sintering. The carbide pellets may be used as wear resistant hard facing materials that are applied to various types of tools. The carbide pellets provide improved mechanical properties such as hardness and abrasiveness while maintaining required levels of toughness and strength.

Abstract: Provided are a sputtering target which has excellent machinability and is capable of forming a compound film that mainly contains Cu and Ga and a method for producing the sputtering target. The sputtering target of the present invention has a component composition that contains 15 to 40 at % of Ga, 0.1 to 5 at % of Bi, and the balance composed of Cu and unavoidable impurities with respect to all metal elements in the sputtering target. The method for producing the sputtering target includes a step of melting at least Cu, Ga and Bi as simple substances or an alloy that contains two or more of these elements at 1,050° C. or higher to produce an ingot.

Abstract: An R-T-B sintered magnet 100 including particles containing an R2T14B phase, obtained using an R-T-B alloy strip containing crystal grains of an R2T14B phase, wherein the R-T-B alloy strip has, in a cross-section along the thickness direction, the crystal grains extending in a radial fashion from the crystal nuclei, the following inequality (1) being satisfied, where the average value of the lengths of the crystal grains on one side in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the average value of the lengths on the other side opposite the one side are represented as D1 and D2, respectively, the mean particle diameter of the particles is 0.5 to 5 ?m, and essentially no heavy rare earth elements are present. 0.9?D2/D1?1.

Abstract: There are provided a permanent magnet and a manufacturing method thereof enabling, even when wet milling is employed, carbon content contained in magnet particles to be reduced in advance before sintering, and also enabling the entirety of the magnet to be densely sintered without causing a gap between a main phase and a grain boundary phase in the sintered magnet. Coarsely-milled magnet powder is further milled by a bead mill in an organic solvent. Thereafter, the magnet powder is compacted to produce a formed body. Hydrogen calcination process is performed through holding the formed body for several hours in hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure higher than normal atmospheric pressure at 200 through 900 degrees Celsius. Thereafter, through sintering process, a permanent magnet 1 is manufactured.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet and a manufacturing method of the rare-earth permanent magnet with improved magnetic performance which is achieved through milling-ability-improved fine wet-milling step. In the method, coarsely milled magnet material is finely wet-milled in an organic solvent together with an organometallic compound expressed with a structural formula of M-(OR)x (M including at least one of Nd, Al, Cu, Ag, Dy, Tb, V, Mo, Zr, Ta, Ti, W, and Nb, R representing a substituent group consisting of a straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon with carbon chain length of 2-16, and x representing an arbitrary integer) to obtain magnet powder and to make the organometallic compound adhere to particle surfaces of the magnet powder. Subsequently, the magnet powder having adhesion of the organometallic compound to particle surfaces thereof is formed into a formed body and sintered so as to obtain a permanent magnet 1.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet based on Nd—Fe—B, capable of improving coercive force through reducing a residual nitrogen concentration after sintering to be 800 ppm or lower, and a manufacturing method of the rare-earth permanent magnet. The rare-earth permanent magnet based on Nd—Fe—B is obtained through milling a magnet material in an atmosphere of a noble gas by dry milling, and thereafter, compacting the milled magnet material into a formed body in an atmosphere of a noble gas. The formed body is then sintered at 800 through 1180 degrees Celsius so as to obtain a permanent magnet 1 whose nitrogen concentration is 800 ppm or lower, or more preferably 300 ppm or lower.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional metallic article/component entirely or partly. The method includes a) successively building up said article/component from a metallic base material by means of an additive manufacturing process by scanning with an energy beam, thereby b) establishing a controlled grain orientation in primary and in secondary direction of the article/component, c) wherein the secondary grain orientation is realized by applying a specific scanning pattern of the energy beam, which is aligned to the cross section profile of said article/component, or with characteristic load conditions of the article/component.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet and a manufacturing method of a rare-earth permanent magnet capable of improving magnetic properties with drastically enhanced manufacturing efficiency. In the method, magnet material is milled into magnet powder. Next, the magnet powder and a binder are mixed to obtain a mixture 12. Next, the thus prepared mixture 12 is formed into a long-sheet-like shape on a supporting base 13 by hot-melt molding so as to obtain a green sheet 14. The thus formed green sheet 14 is heated to soften and a magnetic field is applied to multiple layers of the heated green sheet 14 for magnetic field orientation. The green sheet 14 subjected to the magnetic field orientation is sintered and thereby a permanent magnet 1 is obtained.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet and a manufacturing method of a rare-earth permanent magnet capable of preventing deterioration of magnet properties. In the method, magnet material is milled into magnet powder. Next, a mixture 12 is prepared by mixing the magnet powder and a binder, and the mixture 12 is formed into a sheet-like shape to obtain a green sheet 14. Thereafter, magnetic field orientation is performed to the green sheet 14, which is then held for several hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a pressure higher than normal atmospheric pressure, at 200 through 900 degrees Celsius for calcination. Thereafter, the calcined green sheet 14 is sintered at a sintering temperature. Thereby a permanent magnet 1 is manufactured.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal powder composed of tantalum or niobium that achieves both sinterability and fluidity and the manufacturing method thereof. The present invention also provides a tantalum or niobium powder that enables the manufacturing of an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor in which holes are formed for a conductive polymer-containing solution to pass through, without using a hole molding material or pore forming material. Furthermore, the present invention provides an anode for a solid electrolytic capacitor that enables the manufacturing of a high-volume and low ESR solid electrolytic capacitor. The present invention further provides a manufacturing method of a metal powder that allows the manufacturing of a metal powder of a given diameter range from a raw powder at high yield, without requiring a lot of work and time.

Abstract: Provided are a sputtering target which has excellent machinability and is capable of forming a compound film that mainly contains Cu and Ga and a method for producing the sputtering target. The sputtering target of the present invention has a component composition that contains 20 to 40 at % of Ga, 0.1 to 3 at % of Sb, and the balance composed of Cu and unavoidable impurities. A method for producing the sputtering target includes a step of producing a starting material powder that is obtained by pulverizing at least Cu, Ga and Sb as simple substances or an alloy that contains two or more of these elements; and a step of subjecting the starting material powder to hot processing in a vacuum, in an inert atmosphere or in a reducing atmosphere, wherein Ga is contained in the starting material powder in the form of a Cu—Ga alloy or in the form of a Ga—Sb alloy.

Abstract: High-density thermodynamically stable nanostructured copper-based metallic systems, and methods of making, are presented herein. A ternary high-density thermodynamically stable nanostructured copper-based metallic system includes: a solvent of copper (Cu) metal; that comprises 50 to 95 atomic percent (at. %) of the metallic system; a first solute metal dispersed in the solvent that comprises 0.01 to 50 at. % of the metallic system; and a second solute metal dispersed in the solvent that comprises 0.01 to 50 at. % of the metallic system. The internal grain size of the solvent is suppressed to no more than 250 nm at 98% of the melting point temperature of the solvent and the solute metals remain uniformly dispersed in the solvent at that temperature. Processes for forming these metallic systems include: subjecting powder metals to a high-energy milling process, and consolidating the resultant powder metal subjected to the milling to form a bulk material.

Abstract: A Cu—Ga alloy sintered-compact sputtering target having a Ga concentration of 40 to 50 at % and Cu as the balance, wherein the sintered-compact sputtering target is characterized in that the relative density is 80% or higher, and the compositional deviation of the Ga concentration is within ±0.5 at % of the intended composition. A method of producing a Cu—Ga alloy sintered-compact sputtering target having a Ga concentration of 40 to 50 at % and Cu as the balance, wherein the method thereof is characterized in that Cu and Ga raw materials are melted and cooled/pulverized to produce a Cu—Ga alloy raw material powder, and the obtained material powder is further hot-pressed with a retention temperature being between the melting point of the mixed raw material powder and a temperature 15° C. lower than the melting point and with a pressure of 400 kgf/cm2 or more applied to the sintered mixed raw material powder.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a p-type skutterudite material and a method of making the same, comprising providing a p-type skutterudite material having a general formula: IyFe4-xMxSb12/z(J) wherein I represents one or more filling atoms in a skutterudite phase, the total filling amount y satisfying 0.01?y?1; M represents one or more dopant atoms with the doping amount x satisfying 0?x?4; J represents one or more second phases with the molar ratio z satisfying 0?z?0.5; wherein second phase precipitates are dispersed throughout the skutterudite phase.

Abstract: A powder metal composition for high wear and temperature applications is made by atomizing a melted iron based alloy including 3.0 to 7.0 wt. % carbon; 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % chromium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % tungsten; 3.5 to 7.0 wt. % vanadium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % molybdenum; not greater than 0.5 wt. % oxygen; and at least 40.0 wt. % iron. The high carbon content reduces the solubility of oxygen in the melt and thus lowers the oxygen content to a level below which would cause the carbide-forming elements to oxidize during atomization. The powder metal composition includes metal carbides in an amount of at least 15 vol. %. The microhardness of the powder metal composition increases with increasing amounts of carbon and is typically about 800 to 1,500 Hv50.

Abstract: The present invention provides a producing method of R-T-B-based sintered magnets in which, the recovery chamber 40 includes inert gas introducing means 42, evacuating means 43, a carry-in port, a discharge port 40a, and a recovery container 60. The recovery step includes a carrying-in step of conveying a processing container 50 into the recovery chamber 40, a discharging step of discharging coarsely pulverized powder in the processing container 50 into the recovery chamber 40, a gas introducing step of introducing inert gas into the recovery chamber 40, and an alloy accommodating step of recovering the coarsely pulverized powder into the recovery container 60. Addition of pulverization aid is carried out in the alloy accommodating step. A remaining amount of coarsely pulverized powder in the recovery chamber 40, an oxygen-containing amount of the R-T-B-based sintered magnet is reduced, and magnetic properties are enhanced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a magnetic attachment mechanism is described. A method is provided for determining the magnetic field axis of an element prior to machining it. The magnetic field axis can be used as a reference to machine an outer surface of the magnetic element at a desired angle. The method provides a means to more precisely align magnetic field axes of corresponding magnets in a magnetic attachment system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal powder mixture that is suitable for producing sintered bodies. The powder mixture is suitable as a binder for hard metals and contains: a) at least one prealloyed powder selected from the group of iron/nickel, iron/cobalt, iron/nickel/cobalt and nickel/cobalt; b) at least one element powder selected from the group of iron, nickel and cobalt or a prealloyed powder selected from the group consisting of iron/nickel, iron/cobalt, iron/nickel/cobalt and nickel/cobalt which is different from component a). The invention also relates to a cemented hard material which uses the inventive powder mixture and a hard material powder, wherein the overall composition of the components a) and b) together contains not more than 90% by weight of cobalt and not more than 70% by weight of nickel and the iron content.

Abstract: A method of making a nanoscale metallic powder is disclosed. The method includes providing a base material comprising a metallic compound, wherein the base material is configured for chemical reduction by a reductant to form a metallic material. The method also includes forming a powder of the base material, the powder comprising a plurality of powder particles, the powder particles having an average particle size that is less than about 1 micron. The method further includes disposing the powder particles into a reactor together with the reductant under an environmental condition that promotes the chemical reduction of the base material and formation of a plurality of particles of the metallic material.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet and a manufacturing method thereof capable of simplifying manufacturing process and improving productivity through advanced ability to produce net shapes. In the method, magnet material is milled into magnet powder, and the magnet powder and a binder are mixed to prepare a mixture. Next, the prepared mixture is formed into a green sheet. Thereafter, the green sheet is held for predetermined time at binder decomposition temperature in non-oxidizing atmosphere, whereby depolymerization reaction or the like changes the binder into monomer and thus removes the binder. The green sheet with the binder removed therefrom undergoes pressure sintering such as SPS method so as to obtain a rare-earth permanent magnet 1.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a target containing antimony to be irradiated by accelerated charged particles (e.g., by protons to produce tin-117m) comprises an intermetallic compound of antimony and titanium which is synthesized at high-temperature, for example, in an arc furnace. The formed material is powdered and melted in an induction furnace, or heated at high gas pressure in gas static camera. The obtained product has a density, temperature stability, and heat conductivity sufficient to provide an appropriate target material.

Abstract: One aspect is a method for producing an alloy, whereby the alloy includes at least a first metal and a second metal, whereby firstly a powder metallurgical route and subsequently a melt metallurgical route is used sequentially in order to generate the alloy from the, at least, first metal and the second metal. The method includes grinding the first metal into a first metal powder, grinding the second metal into a second metal powder, mixing the first metal powder and the second metal powder to produce a blended powder, generating a blended body from the blended powder by the powder metallurgical route, and generating the alloy by melting the blended body by the melt metallurgical route.

Abstract: A sputter target material which is of a sintered material, wherein the sputter target material consists of 0.5 to 50 atomic % in total of at least one metal element (M) selected from the group of Ti, Zr, V, Nb and Cr, and the balance of Mo and unavoidable impurities, and has a microstructure seen at a perpendicular cross section to a sputtering surface, in which microstructure oxide particles exist near a boundary of each island of the metal element (M), and wherein the maximum area of the island, which is defined by connecting the oxide particles with linear lines so as to form a closed zone, is not more than 1.0 mm2.

Abstract: A composite material comprises a filled skutterudite matrix of formula (I) IyCo4Sb12 in which (I) represents at least one of Yb, Eu, Ce, La, Nd, Ba and Sr, 0.05?y<1; and GaSb particles within the filled skutterudite matrix, wherein the composite material comprises 0.05-5 mol % GaSb particles. Compared with conventional materials, the composite material exhibits a substantially increased Seebeck coefficient, a slightly decreased overall thermal conductivity, and a substantially increased thermoelectric performance index across the whole temperature zone from the low temperature end to the high temperature end, as well as a greatly enhanced thermoelectric efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a producing method of a rare earth sintered magnet which is suitable as a producing method of a high performance rare earth sintered magnet which can reduce the number of steps for reusing defective molded bodies generated in a wet molding step of the rare earth sintered magnet, and which has a small content amount of oxygen. The invention also provides a slurry recycling method used for the producing method, and a slurry recycling apparatus. Each of the methods includes a crushing step of crushing, in mineral oil and/or synthetic fluid, a molded body in which slurry formed from alloy powder for a rare earth sintered magnet and mineral oil and/or synthetic fluid is wet molded in magnetic field, and recycling the crushed molded body into slurry.

Abstract: Thermoelectric materials and methods of making thermoelectric materials having a nanometer mean grain size less than 1 micron. The method includes combining and arc melting constituent elements of the thermoelectric material to form a liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material and casting the liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material to form a solid casting of the thermoelectric material. The method also includes ball milling the solid casting of the thermoelectric material into nanometer mean size particles and sintering the nanometer size particles to form the thermoelectric material having nanometer scale mean grain size.

Abstract: A composition containing: about 45 to about 75 volume % of cubic boron nitride (CBN), where the CBN has finer and coarser particles having two different average particle sizes, the range of the average particle size of the finer particles being about 0.1 to about 2 ?m, the range of the average particle size of the coarser particles being about 0.3 to about 5 ?m, the ratio of the content of the coarser CBN particles to the finer CBN particles being 50:50 to 90:10; a secondary hard phase containing a nitride or carbonitride of a Group 4, 5 or 6 transition metal or a mixture or solid solution thereof, and a binder phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sputtering target of a multi-component single body, a preparation method thereof, and a method for fabricating a multi-component alloy-based nanostructured thin film using the same. The sputtering target according to the present invention comprises an amorphous or partially crystallized glass-forming alloy system composed of a nitride forming metal element, which is capable of reacting with nitrogen to form a nitride, and a non-nitride forming element which has no or low solid solubility in the nitride forming metal element and does not react with nitrogen or has low reactivity with nitrogen, wherein the nitrogen forming metal element comprises at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Y, Mo, W, Al, and Si, and the non-nitride forming element comprises at least one element selected from Mg, Ca, Sc, Ni, Cu, Ag, In, Sn, La, Au, and Pb.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sintered NdFeB magnet having high coercivity (HcJ) a high maximum energy product ((BH)max) and a high squareness ratio (SQ) even when the sintered magnet has a thickness of 5 mm or more. The sintered NdFeB magnet is produced by diffusing Dy and/or Tb in grain boundaries in a base material of the sintered NdFeB magnet by a grain boundary diffusion process. The sintered NdFeB magnet is characterized in that the amount of rare earth in a metallic state in the base material is between 12.7 and 16.0% in atomic ratio, a rare earth-rich phase continues from the surface of the base material to a depth of 2.5 mm from the surface at the grain boundaries of the base material, and the grain boundaries in which RH has been diffused by the grain boundary diffusion process reach a depth of 2.5 mm from the surface.