Abstract: A rotary chip-removing tool includes a rotary tool body and a tool tip fastened on a front end thereof. The tool tip is formed of an injection molded body which has an integral cutting edge at its front end, and a coupling structure at its rear end. The coupling structure can be in the form of a threaded hole, or a rearward projection, for coupling the tool tip against the tool body. The tool tip is formed of first and second materials. The first material forms at least part of the cutting edge, and the second material forms the coupling structure. The first material is more brittle than the second material, and the second material is tougher than the first material.

Abstract: An inclined function material is formed with an iron layer on a surface of a carbon material. This material can be used in a carbon base member and does not limit the choice of desired characteristics in a carbon base member. The process by which the carbon base member is formed also ensures the iron layer is integrated firmly with the surface of the carbon material. A suitable amount of an iron powder having a particle diameter of 5 to 15 &mgr;m is placed directly on the surface of a carbon material, which is sintered in advance under suitable conditions, and stuck to the surface uniformly and flatly. The iron powder and the carbon material are sintered at 1000° C. to 1300° C. and preferably 1050 to 1150° C. for 1 to 2 hours and preferably about 1.5 hours to form a carbon base member in which the iron layer is formed on one surface of the carbon base member.

Abstract: The lightweight bulletproof metal matrix macrocomposites (MMMC) contain (a) 10-99 vol. % of permeable skeleton structure of titanium, titanium aluminide, Ti-based alloys, and/or mixtures thereof infiltrated with low-melting metal selected from Al, Mg, or their alloys, and (b) 1-90 vol. % of ceramic and/or metal inserts positioned within said skeleton, whereby a normal projection area of each of said inserts is equal to or larger than the cross-section area of a bullet or a projectile body. The MMMC are manufactured as flat or solid-shaped, double-layer, or multi-layer articles containing the same inserts or different inserts in each layer, whereby insert projections of each layer cover spaces between inserts of the underlying layer. The infiltrated metal contains 1-70 wt. % of Al and Mg in the balance, optionally, alloyed with Ti, Si, Zr, Nb, V, as well as with 0-3 wt. % of TiB2, SiC, or Si3N4 sub-micron powders, to promote infiltrating and wetting by Al-containing alloys.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hard metal or cermet body with a hard material phase consisting of WC and/or at least one carbide, nitride, carbonitride and/or oxicarbonitride of at least one of the elements from group IVa, Va, or VIa of the periodic table and a binding metal phase consisting of Fe, Co and/or Ni, said binding metal phase making up 3 to 25 mass %. In particular, WC crystallites should protrude beyond the hard metal or cermet surface of the by 2 to 20 &mgr;m in order to improve the adhesion of surface layers that are applied.

Abstract: A powder compaction method in which a powder p is filled by air tapping or other suitable method into a mold 1, then while the mold 1 being filled with the powder, the powder particles are bound with each other without application of force from outside the mold to form a compact C, and then the compact C is taken out from the mold 1. This method produces a variety of shapes of the compact far greater than in conventional methods, and net shape manufacturing of products with complex shapes is made possible by this method. Because this method uses far less binder compared to MIM and PIM that are expected as methods for producing products with complicated shapes, the time needed for elimination of the binder is much shorter than in MIM and PIM.

Abstract: A method for preparing an aluminum alloy-containing coating composition is described. A slurry containing a selected amount of aluminum is combined with at least one additional slurry containing a selected amount of a second metal which forms an alloy with aluminum. The resulting slurry mixture is applied to a metal substrate, and then heated to form a substantially devolatilized coating. The coating then receives a secondary heat treatment. Related compositions and articles are also described, as are processes for repairing a damaged or worn coating, utilizing the slurry.

Abstract: In a shaft-type cutter body of hard material including a shaft for mounting the cutter in a chuck and a head including cutting areas with cutting edges disposed around the circumference of the head, the shaft and the head are formed integrally by injection die casting of powdered raw material followed by sintering. The unfinished cutter body includes cutting edge sections with recessed areas adjacent the cutting edge front surface area for receiving wood chips and delimiting the cutting edge surface area and a surface area receding radially inwardly from the rear cutting edge surface area of the cutting edge so as to limit the rear cutting edge surface area.

Abstract: Thermoelectric material for high temperature use made of a sintered body of a relative density of at least 75% consisting mainly of cobalt antimony compounds having an elemental ratio Sb/(Co+additives)=x of 2.7<x<3 is produced by a method of firing a shaped body of powders consisting mainly of cobalt and antimony in a non-oxidizing atmosphere under an environmental pressure, wherein the shaped body before the firing is constituted from crystal phases composed of a cubic crystal system compound CoSb.sub.3 (A phase), a monoclinic crystal system compound CoSb.sub.2 (B phase) and a hexagonal crystal system compound CoSb (C phase), and constitutional ratio of these crystal phases is (I.sub.B +I.sub.C)/(I.sub.A +I.sub.B +I.sub.C)<0.15 (wherein, I.sub.X (X is A, B or C) is a relative intensity by X-ray diffraction).

Abstract: A metal sintered body composite material which can exhibit superior seizure resistance even when light metal is softened, and a method for producing the same. The production method uses iron base raw material powder including C and one of Cr, Mo, V, W, Mn, and Si, and comprises the steps of forming and sintering a powder compressed article so as to obtain a porous metal sintered body having a space lattice structure having pores, impregnating the pores of the porous metal sintered body with an aluminum alloy and solidifying the aluminum alloy, applying aging treatment by heating and holding the composite material at an aging treatment temperature range, whereby a metal constituting the porous metal sintered body has a micro-Vickers hardness of 200 to 800.

Abstract: A low-cost thermal decomposition degreasing method capable of drastically reducing the time required for a degreasing process which involves heating, vaporization and thermal decomposition, while assuring the shape retention property of an injection molded product during degreasing. The degreasing process comprises: (i) a first step wherein a molded product placed under a reduced pressure less than or equal to atmospheric pressure is heated at a temperature lower than the melting point of a thermoplastic binder so that the thermoplastic binder partially evaporates by 5 wt % or more, and then the molded product is further heated at a temperature lower than higher one of the melting points of a more volatile organic compound and a thermoplastic resin whereby the thermoplastic binder further evaporates by 10 wt % or more, and wherein the final temperature is set to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a porous metal sheet having pores forming a pattern, comprising the steps of supplying metal powders to a peripheral surface, of at least one pattern roller of a pair of rollers, on which a pattern including a large number of concaves is formed; dropping metal powders to the concaves and accumulating metal powders on the peripheral surface of the pattern roller except the concaves; and rolling directly the metal powders accumulated on the peripheral surface of the pattern roller by rotating a pair of the rollers. It is preferable to laminate porous metal sheets or solid metal sheets manufactured by a method other than the above-described method on the metal sheet manufactured by the above-described method.

Abstract: A porous mold material is provided that contains pores for ventilation in a metal casting, which pores range from 20 to 50 microns, and wherein the porosity value of the porous mold material ranges from 25 to 35% by volume. A method is further provided of producing a porous mold material that contains pores ranging from 20 to 50 microns for ventilation in casting, which method is characterized in that the mixing ratio of stainless steel particles to stainless steel short fibers is from 40 wt %:60 wt % to 65 wt %:35 wt %. The porous mold material of this invention does not have defects such as the inferior fluidity of a molten metal in the mold, or the shrinkage and blowholes in cast products.

Abstract: A material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy mainly containing silver with a powder consisting mainly of tin oxide and 0.01 to 10 wt. % (in relation to the quantity of tin oxide) of an additive consisting of one or more compounds containing silver, oxygen and a metal from sub-groups II to VI of the periodic system and/or antimony, bismuth, germanium, indium and gallium, compacting the mixture and sintering it. The tin oxide may be replaced by zinc oxide.

Abstract: Contact material based on silver, use of such a contact material in a switching device in power engineering, and process for preparing the contact material.For contact pieces in low-voltage switches, in particular, substitute materials based on silver-iron oxide are proposed for the silver-nickel hitherto often used in practice. According to the invention, such a material contains, as a further effective component, an oxide of a metal of the third sub-group, yttrium oxide (Y.sub.2 O.sub.3) being especially designed for this purpose. For example, a material of the composition Ag/Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 10/Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 1 meets, with its favourable temperature behaviour, the properties required with respect to the contact property spectrum. In addition, at least one metal oxide which contains elements of the sixth sub-group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably iron tungstate (FeWO.sub.4), can be present. In particular, a material of the composition Ag/Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 9/Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 1/FeWO.sub.4 0.

Abstract: A method of making a sintered article is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of mixing a prealloyed ferrous powder having a composition in the following ranges in weight %: carbon 0.7-2.7/chromium 3-6/cobalt 5-10/vanadium 0.5-3/molybdenum 6-11/silicon 0.3-2/ others total 2 max/balance iron and optionally up to 3 wt % tungsten, with an addition of carbon powder of at least 0.1 wt %, compacting said powder mixture by uniaxial pressing to form a green compact of near net shape, sintering said green compact in a continuous gas atmosphere sintering furnace at a temperature in the range from 1130.degree. C. to 1250.degree. C. such that the final density of said sintered material is greater than 95% of the theoretical density as a result of the sintering operation alone.

Abstract: A lubricant for metallurgical powder compositions contains an oligomer of amide type, which has a weight-average molecular weight M.sub.w of 30,000 at the most. A metal-powder composition containing the lubricant, as well as a method for making sintered products by using the lubricant, are also disclosed. Further, the use of the lubricant in warm compaction is described.

Abstract: A method of making a coated member comprising the steps of: providing a sintered substrate that includes hard grains bonded together by metallic binder; removing material from the sintered substrate to form an as-ground substrate; reducing the residual stresses in the substrate; resintering the substrate to form a resintered substrate; and adherently depositing a coating on the resintered substrate.

Abstract: A compacted, single phase or multiphase composite article. Particles for use in the compacted article are produced by providing a precursor compound containing at least one or at least two metals and a coordinating ligand. The compound is heated to remove the coordinating ligand therefrom and increase the surface area thereof. It may then be reacted so that at least one metal forms a metal-containing compound. The particles may be consolidated to form a compacted article, and for this purpose may be used in combination with graphite or diamonds. The metal-containing compound may be a nonmetallic compound including carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of a refractory metal, such as tungsten. The metal-containing compound may be dispersed in a metal matrix, such as iron, nickel or cobalt. The dispersed nonmetallic compound particles are no larger than about 0.1 micron in particle size and have a volume fraction greater than about 0.15 within the metal matrix.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of binder removal from a green body before sintering or the like wherein the green body is initially heated to a temperature above the melting or flow point of the binder to liquify the binder and, at the elevated temperature, a small portion of the green body is brought into intimate contact with a non-supporting porous body of lower capillarity potential for the liquid binder. The liquid is drawn from all parts of the green body to the region of contact between the porous body and the green body and enters the body of lower capillarity potential preferentially, removing liquid from the green body through the surface of the green body only at said region of contact. The draining is continued with or without further increase in temperature until the green body is opened or becomes permeable.

Abstract: The preferred sintered parts made of oxygen-sensitive, non-reducible powders and their production by injection-molding are distinguished by the powders used being freed of their oxide layer by attritor milling in a water-free organic solvent, in the presence or absence of an additional reductant, the oxide particles being removed if necessary by filtration or screening in the presence of the organic solvent, the oxide-free powder being mixed as suspension with a polyacetal as binder under a protective gas, the organic solvent being distilled off, the mixture of powder and polyacetal being heated above the melting point of the polyacetal and being compounded to give a homogeneous composition, the granular material thus obtained being processed in an injection-molding machine made inert with argon to give shaped bodies, the shaped bodies being freed of binder under the action of oxalic acid in a closed ceramic container which nevertheless allows pressure equilibration under protective gas at atmospheric pressur

Abstract: A high density, high strength and high compressive strain tungsten heavy alloy consists essentially of tungsten in the amount of approximately 90% by weight, and the rest Mn and Ni in an amount sufficient to cause sintering at between 1100.degree. and 1400.degree. C. The W--Ni--Mn alloy exhibits characteristics of intense shear bands (which could indicate failure by adiabatic shear during high strain-rate dynamic testing) thus making it an attractive material for kinetic energy penetrators. Moreover, the alloy provides an inexpensive high density material which can be produced in furnaces for conventional ferrous powder metal part manufacturing and other conventional non-ferrous powder metal part manufacturing by lowering the sintering temperature by 200.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a cemented carbide or a cermet alloy by mixing and kneading cemented carbide powder or cermet alloy powder with an organic binder, shaping this mixed powder into a prescribed configuration by an injection molding method and thereafter removing the organic binder from this compact and sintering the same, in order to obtain a dense alloy. Removal of the organic binder is performed in a first step in an inert gas atmosphere as a first removal step, and then continued in a second step in a vacuum of not more than 1 Torr. In the first removal step, the pressure is held in excess of the atmospheric pressure, to prevent the formation of imperfections in the compact. After continuous pores are formed in the interior of the compact, the atmosphere pressure is brought close to a vacuum, thereby facilitating the evaporation of gas from the surface and desorption of gas generated in the interior of the compact.

Abstract: A powder of tantalum, niobium, or an alloy thereof, having an oxygen content less than about 300 ppm, and the production thereof without exposure to a temperature greater than about 0.7 T.sub.H. A powder metallurgy formed product of tantalum, niobium, or an alloy thereof, having an oxygen content less than about 300 ppm, and the production thereof without exposure to a temperature greater than about 0.7 T.sub.H.

Abstract: A composite, a sintered product of the composite, and a process for producing products from this composite. The composite has a very high volummetric proportion of TiC, and its remainder of a matrix. The TiC constitutes at least 70% by volume and as much as 95% by volume of the ultimate product. The process includes making a green body which can be handled and is thereafter pre-sintered to form a pre-form. The pre-form is oversized relative to the ultimate product. It is sintered and machined, again oversize. Then it is again sintered and subjected to hot isostatic compression, to assume at least a close approximation to the pre-determined dimension of the product. It is characterized by its light weight, resistance to erosion, and resistance to chemical attack.

Abstract: To provide a raw material for high oxygen chromium targets containing oxygen in a form capable of effectively preventing the dust ejection phenomenon. A raw material for high oxygen chromium targets comprising chromium crystalline particles dispersed in metallic chromium wherein at least a portion of the surface of all the crystals constituting the oxide crystalline particles is in contact with the matrix of the metallic chromium. A method of producing a raw material for high oxygen chromium targets comprising chromium oxide crystalline particles dispersed in metallic chromium characterized by heat-treating metallic chromium containing a solid solution of oxygen or oxide particles as a starting material, and precipitating or crystal-growing the oxygen or oxide particles as chromium oxide crystalline particles having a particle size of 0.1 to 100 .mu.m, thereby obtaining a raw material for chromium targets.

Abstract: A tool steel powder added with a vanadium carbide powder by a milling process, and a method for manufacturing parts therewith are disclosed. Particularly, a method for adding a vanadium carbide (VC) powder to a tool steel powder by a ball milling or an attrition milling, and a method for manufacturing a part by using the milled tool steel powder are disclosed. The method for manufacturing a vanadium carbide added tool steel powder and for manufacturing parts using the powder, includes the steps of: mixing a tool steel powder with vanadium carbide powder in an amount of 5.about.15 wt %; ball-milling the mixture powder under wet atmosphere; carrying out an annealing in a vacuum; carrying out a cold die compaction or cold isostatic pressing to near net dimension and carrying out a vacuum sintering and then a hot isotropic pressing without canning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a composite sintered body having inner and outer portions fitted with each other. The method includes the steps of: (a) preparing an inner powder compact; (b) preparing an outer powder compact; (c) fitting the inner and outer powder compacts with each other so as to prepare a composite powder compact; and (d) sintering the composite powder compact so as to prepare the composite sintered body. The inner and outer powder compacts are respectively selected such that, during the step (d), the amount of growth of the inner powder compact becomes greater than that of the outer powder compact. Each of the inner and outer composite powder compacts is made of one member selected from the group consisting of a wax-type segregation prevention powder mixture and a metal-soap-type segregation prevention powder mixture. At least one of the inner and outer composite powder compacts is made of the wax-type segregation prevention powder.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of forming a sintered article of powder metal comprising blending graphite and lubricant with a pre-alloyed iron based powder, pressing said blended mixture to shape in a single compaction stage sintering said article, and then high temperature sintering said article in a reducing atmosphere to produce a sintered article having a density greater than 7.4 g/cc.

Abstract: A powder-metallurgy-produced, essentially titanium-free, nickel-containing maraging steel article such as for use in the manufacture of die casting die components and other hot work tooling components. The article preferably contains an intentional addition of niobium. The article may be produced as a hot-isostatically-compacted, solution annealed, fully dense mass of prealloyed particles, or alternately, as a hot-isostatically-compacted, plastically deformed and solution annealed, fully dense mass of prealloyed particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of increasing debinding rates in Powder Injection Molding of metal and ceramic parts by use of a catalytic binding system.

Abstract: To a fine R-Fe-B alloy powder comprised predominantly of 10-30 atomic % of R (wherein R stands for at least one elements selected from rare earth elements including yttrium), 2-28 atomic % of B, and 65-82 atomic % of Fe in which up to 50 atomic % of Fe may be replaced by Co, at least one boric acid ester compound such as tributyl borate is added as a lubricant in a proportion of 0.01%-2% by weight and mixed uniformly before, during, or after fine grinding of the alloy powder. The resulting powder mixture is compacted by compression molding in a magnetic field and the green compacts are sintered and aged. Compression molding can be performed continuously without need of mold lubrication, and the resulting magnets have improved magnet properties with respect to residual flux density, maximum energy product, and intrinsic coercive force.

Abstract: Subject boron carbide to a passivation treatment at a temperature within a range of 1350.degree. C. to less than 1800.degree. C. prior to infiltration with a molten metal such as aluminum. This method allows control of kinetics of metal infiltration and chemical reactions, size of reaction products and connectivity of B.sub.4 C grains and results in cermets having desired mechanical properties.

Abstract: A process of forming a sintered article for powder metal comprising blending carbon and ferro alloys and lubricant with compressible elemental iron powder, pressing said blended mixture to form sintering said article, and then high temperature sintering said article in a reducing atmosphere to produce a sintered article having a high density from a single compression.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a novel method for forming a self-supporting body. Specifically, the formed self-supporting body has a higher volume percent of metallic constituent relative to a body formed by similar techniques. A first porous self-supporting body is formed by reactively infiltrating a molten parent metal into a bed or mass containing a boron donor material and a carbon donor material (e.g., boron carbide) and/or a boron donor material and a nitrogen material (e.g., boron nitride) and, optionally, one or more inert fillers. Additionally, powdered parent metal may be admixed with a mass to be reactively infiltrated to form additional porosity therein. The porous self-supporting body which is formed by the reactive infiltration process according to this invention should contain at least some interconnected porosity which is capable of being filled in a subsequent step with additional metal, thus increasing the volume percent of parent metal in the body at the expense of porosity.

Abstract: A compacted, single phase or multiphase composite article. Particles for use in the compacted article are produced by providing a precursor compound containing at least one or at least two metals and a coordinating ligand. The compound is heated to remove the coordinating ligand therefrom and increase the surface area thereof. It may then be reacted so that at least one metal forms a metal-containing compound. The particles may be consolidated to form a compacted article, and for this purpose may be used in combination with graphite or diamonds. The metal-containing compound may be a nonmetallic compound including carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of a refractory metal, such as tungsten. The metal-containing compound may be dispersed in a metal matrix, such as iron, nickel or cobalt. The dispersed nonmetallic compound particles are no larger than about 0.1 micron in particle size and have a volume fraction greater than about 0.15 within the metal matrix.

Abstract: Cemented carbide inserts are available containing WC and cubic phases of carbide and/or carbonitride in a binder phase based on cobalt and/or nickel with a binder phase enriched surface zone. The binder phase content along a line essentially bisecting the rounded edge surfaces increases toward the edge and cubic phase is present. As a result, the edge toughness of the cutting inserts is improved.

Abstract: A P-type thermoelectric material consists essentially of iron disilicide, metallic manganese and metallic aluminium dissolved in or alloyed with the iron disilicide, and silicon oxide and/or aluminum oxide present in the iron disilicide. The manganese is contained in an amount of from 1.67 to 4.1 atomic % with respect to a sum of atoms of iron and silicon constituting the iron disilicide, the metallic manganese and the metallic aluminum taken as 100 atomic %, and the metallic aluminum contained in an amount of from 1.33 to 3.33 atomic % with respect thereto, and a sum of the metallic manganese and the metallic aluminum in an amount of from 4.0 to 5.34 atomic % with respect thereto. The P-type thermoelectric material having such a composition produces a thermoelectromotive force equal to or greater than those of the conventional P-type thermoelectric materials comprised of iron disilicide, and it exhibits a mean resistivity equal to or smaller than that of the N-type thermoelectric material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a heating element, the method including the steps of: a) providing powders of two metals; b) mixing the powders; c) grinding the mixed powders; d) compacting the mixed powders to form a green compact; e) sintering the green compact in a first atmosphere; f) plastically working and process annealing the green compact; g) etching a surface of the green compact to cause pores thereon; and h) sintering the etched green compact in an oxidizing atmosphere. A Ni-Cr heating element manufactured by the present method has improved high temperature properties and a fusion temperature 300.degree. C. greater than those of conventional Ni-Cr heating elements.

Abstract: An INVAR 36 material having long-term dimensional stability is produced by sintering a blend of powders of nickel and iron under pressure in an inert atmosphere to form an alloy containing less than 0.01 parts of carbon and less than 0.1 part aggregate and preferably 0.01 part individually of Mn, Si, P, S, and Al impurities. The sintered alloy is heat treated and slowly and uniformly cooled to form a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 1 ppm/.degree.C. and a temporal stability of less than 1 ppm/year.

Abstract: A process of forming a sintered article of powder metal comprising: selecting elemental iron powder; determining the desired properties of said sintered article and selecting, a quantity of carbon, and ferro alloy from the group of ferro manganese, ferro chromium, ferro molybdenum, ferro vanadium, ferro silicon and ferro boron; grinding said ferro alloy to a mean particle size of approximately 8 to 12 microns; introducing a lubricant while blending the carbon, ferro alloy, with said elemental iron powder; pressing the mixture to form the article; and then high temperature sintering the article at a temperature between 1,250.degree. C. and 1,350.degree. C. in a neutral or reducing atmosphere; so as to produce the sintered article of powdered metal; and includes the product formed thereby.

Abstract: A sputtering target that consists essentially of a continuous matrix of Ti-W phase, Ti phase having a particle diameter of 50 .mu.m or less distributed in the matrix, and a W phase having a particle diameter of 20 .mu.m or less also distributed in the matrix. Preferably the target contains aluminum in the range of 1 ppm or less. The target has high density and a low impurity content, which reduces the generation of particles from the target when it is used for sputtering. A method of manufacturing the sputtering target is also disclosed.

Abstract: Articles having improved strength at high temperature are made from near-eutectic nickel-base superalloys. In such alloys, the improved properties are achieved by preventing the formation of a dispersed second phase during the production of alloy powder. After the powder is consolidated, a dispersion of the second phase is developed through thermal treatment. Consolidation may be achieved by direct application of pressure, or by incremental solidification processes. Some of these alloys are formulated to achieve additional strengthening by precipitation hardening.

Abstract: A novel metal filled via composition for use with ceramics. The via composition can be formulated to have a volume shrinkage approximating that of the ceramic material, and thus overcomes the problem of volume shrinkage mismatch between the via (particularly copper filled via) and ceramic upon sintering. The novel via composition exhibits enhanced adhesion to the ceramic. A sintering process by which shrinkage of the novel via composition is controlled and adhesion is improved is also disclosed.

Abstract: A superconductor material having a current density, J, of from about 30,000 to about 85,000 amps/cm.sup.2 at zero magnetic field and 77.degree. K is disclosed. The 123 superconductor, of the formula L.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.6 +.delta. wherein L is preferably yttrium, is capable of entrapping sufficiently high magnetic fields and exhibits a low microwave surface resistance. The process of preparing the superconductor comprises compacting the bulk product, L.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O, and then sintering the reaction product at a temperature between about 40.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. below its melting point, i.e., for Y.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.6 +.delta. at a temperature of approximately 940.degree. C. The composition is then heated in a preheated chamber maintained at approximately 1090.degree. C. to about 1,200.degree. C. (approximately 1,100.degree. C. for Y.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.6 +.delta.

Abstract: A permanent magnet is provided which is comprised of, by atomic percent: 10-24% R; 2-28% boron, 0.1-18.12% hydrogen; and balance being M. R is at least one element selected from La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y and Sc, and M is at least one metal selected from Fe, Co, Ni, Li, Be, Mg, As, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga Ge, Zn, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Sb, Te, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, and Bi. A process for producing the rare earth element-metal-hydrogen boron magnets is also disclosed wherein the magnetic materials are treated in an atmosphere having partial pressures of hydrogen containing gas at temperatures below the phase transformation temperature of the rare earth element-metal hydrides prior to sintering.

Abstract: The process of forming an extruded product of tantalum or niobium requires a cold isostatic pressing of a charge of the powder to a density sufficient to form a green compact which is then placed in a capsule. The capsule is then sealed and heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient to anneal the green compact. Thereafter, the capsule and encapsulated compact are subjected to a cold isostatic pressing to achieve a density of from 70% to 85%. This is followed by subsequent heating and extrusion of the heated capsule and encapsulated compact to form the extruded product. The outer layer on the capsule which has been formed by the capsule material can be removed, as by pickling, in the case of the capsule being a carbon steel.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable hydride composition and a method for making such a composition. The composition is made by forming particles of a metal hydride into porous granules, mixing the granules with a matrix material, forming the mixture into pellets, and sintering the pellets in the absence of oxygen. The ratio of matrix material to hydride is preferably between approximately 2:1 and 4:1 by volume. The porous structure of the granules accommodates the expansion that occurs when the metal hydride particles absorb hydrogen. The porous matrix allows the flow of hydrogen therethrough to contact the hydride particles, yet supports the granules and contains the hydride fines that result from repeated absorption/desorption cycles.

Abstract: An iron system soft magnetic sintered body is prepared by blending an iron powder with a powder of a metal or ferroalloy so as to give a desired chemical composition and subjecting the blend to mechanical alloying, thereby alloying at least a portion of the metal or ferroalloy with iron, followed by shaping and firing. Alternatively, the same is prepared by treating an iron system alloy powder of a desired chemical composition by a mechanical grinding process, followed by shaping and firing. Even when starting with relatively large mean particle size powder, the resulting sintered body has a high density and improved magnetic properties.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a high .alpha.-type silicon nitride powder by adding to and mixing with metallic silicon powder a copper catalyst and nitriding the mixture in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere containing nitrogen or ammonia at 1,000.degree. to 1,500.degree. C., the amount of copper catalyst is limited to from 0.05 % to less than 0.5 % by weight of copper based on the weight of the metallic silicon. There is obtained silicon nitride powder of high purity at low cost and high efficiency since the copper catalyst can be efficiently removed from the silicon nitride powder through conventional acid treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a sintered body comprising one or more hard constituents and a binder phase based on cobalt, nickel and/or iron by powder metallurgical methods milling, pressing and sintering of powders. At least part of the binderphase powder consists of non-agglomerated particles of spheroidal morphology having dimensions of 0.1 to 20 .mu.m.