Abstract: A mining and construction bit body is composed of a Mn-B steel alloy composition. The alloy content of the composition in percents by weight includes: carbon, 0.33-0.38; manganese, 1.10-1.35; boron, 0.0005 minimum; silicon 0.15-0.30; sulfur, 0.045 maximum; and phosphorus, 0.035 maximum. The composition has a minimum hardenability of 47 Rockwell C at the Jominy 6/16 position and a maximum as-rolled hardness of 22 Rockwell C such that without anneal the composition meets hardenability and machinability requirements that make it useful for fabricating mining and construction bit bodies of all sizes.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic alloy essentially consists of 10 to 40% by weight of R, 0.1 to 0.8% by weight of boron, 50 to 300 ppm by weight of oxygen and the balance of iron, where R is at least one component selected from the group consisting of yttrium and the rate-earth elements.An alloy having this composition has a high coercive force .sub.I H.sub.C and a high residual magnetic flux density and therefore has a high maximum energy product.

Abstract: A permanent magnet according to the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of an alloy comprising mainly of iron, and R (rare earth element including yttrium), cobalt, and boron, wherein the alloy is formed principally of ferromagnetic Fe-rich phase of tetragonal system and includes a nonmagnetic Laves phase. Compared with the prior rare earth-Fe based magnet, it has higher Curie temperature and has excellent magnetic characteristics, especially the temperature characteristics.

Abstract: A magnetically anisotropic sintered permanent magnet of the FeCoBR system (R is sum of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2) wherein:R.sub.1 is Dy, Tb, Gd, Ho, Er, Tm and/or Yb, andR.sub.2 comprises 80 at % or more of Nd and Pr in R.sub.2, and the balance of other rare earth elements exclusive of R.sub.1,said system consisting essentially of, by atomic percent, 0.05 to 5% of R.sub.1, 12.5 to 20% of R, 4 to 20% of B up to 35% of Co, and the balance being Fe. Additional elements M(Ti, Zr, Hf, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ta, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Mo, Nb, Al, V, W) may be present.

Abstract: The hard magnetic properties, including intrinsic coercivity, remanence and energy product of rapidly quenched, rare earth-transition metal alloys has been substantially increased by the addition of suitable amounts of the element boron. The preferred rare earth constituent elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron.

Abstract: A permanent magnet alloy having at least one light rare earth element, iron and carbon. The alloy has a cellular microstructure of at least two solid phases with a Fe.sub.14 R.sub.2 C.sub.1 magnetically hard, tetragonal major phase surrounded by at least one minor phase. The light rare earth element may be Pr or Nd. At least one heavy rare earth element, such as Dy, may be used. Boron may be included in the alloy. The alloy is produced by casting and heating to form the Fe.sub.14 R.sub.2 (C,B).sub.1 magnetically hard, tetragonal major phase.

Abstract: High energy product, magnetically anisotropic permanent magnets are produced by hot working overquenched or fine grained, melt-spun materials comprising iron, neodymium and/or praseodymium, and boron to produce a fully densified, fine grained body that has undergone plastic flow.

Abstract: Amorphous alloys containing zirconium as an amorphus forming metal and having the formula X.sub..alpha. Z.sub..gamma. wherein X is at least one of Fe, Co and Ni, .alpha. is 80 to 92 atomic %, Z is zirconium, .gamma. is 8 to 20 atomic % and the sum of .alpha. and .gamma. is 100 atomic %, cause very little variation of properties during aging and embrittlement because they contain no metalloid as the amorphous forming element, and they further have excellent strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and heat resistance and maintain superior magnetic properties which are characteristic of iron group elements.

Abstract: Isotropic permanent magnet formed of a sintered body having a mean crystal grain size of 1-160 microns and a major phase of tetragonal system comprising, in atomic percent, 10-25% of R wherein R represents at least one of rare-earth elements including Y, 3-23% of B and the balance being Fe. As additional elements M, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zv, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, Ge, Sb, Sn, Bi, Ni or W may be incorporated.The magnets can be produced through a powder metallurgical process resulting in high magnetic properties, e.g., up to 7 MGOe or higher energy product.

Abstract: A method of producing a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet alloy having a composition of 25.0-50.0 weight % of neodymium, 0.3-5.0 weight % of boron and balance substantially iron, including the steps of adding metal calcium, calcium hydride or a mixture thereof as a reducing agent to neodymium fluoride, iron and boron (or ferroboron), and further adding thereto at least one of calcium chloride, sodium chloride and potassium chloride as a flux, melting the resulting mixture in an inert gas atmosphere, or in a reducing gas atmosphere or substantially in vacuum at 1,000.degree.-1,300.degree. C., thereby reducing said neodymium fluoride to provide said alloy with as small a calcium content as 0.1 weight % or less. The starting materials may contain dysprosium fluoride and niobium to provide Nd-Dy-Fe-B-Nb alloys containing 0.5-15.0 weight % Dy and 0.05-5.0 weight % Nb. This method makes it possible to produce Nd-Fe-B or Nd-Dy-Fe-B-Nb permanent magnet alloys with as small a calcium content as 0.

Abstract: In an R-Fe-B permanent magnet produced by a process including a rapid cooling, a composition of{R.sub.a (Ce.sub.b La.sub.1-b).sub.1-a }x(Fe.sub.1-z Co.sub.z).sub.100-x-y-w B.sub.y M.sub.w(R is at least one rare earth element except for La and Ce but including Y, 5.5.ltoreq.x<12, 2.ltoreq.y<15, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.7, 0<w.ltoreq.10, 0.80.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1.00, 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1, M is Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W, Ti, and/or V) is proposed. The presence of the M element increases a ((BH)max) to a value higher than that of a composition wherein x is higher than 12 and makes the magnet more easily magnetizable.

Abstract: Metallic alloys are disclosed which are at least about 90% amorphous, having enhanced magnetic properties and consist essentially of a composition represented by the formula Fe.sub.a-b Co.sub.b B.sub.c Si.sub.d C.sub.e, wherein "a", "b", "c", "d" and "e" are atomic percentages ranging from about 75 to about 85, about 0.1 to about 0.8, about 12 to about 15, about 2 to about 5 and about 1 to about 3, respectively. Magnetic cores comprising such alloys, including cores having been subjected to a field anneal, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Metallic glasses having high permeability, low magnetostriction, low coercivity, low ac core loss, low exciting power and high thermal stability are disclosed. The metallic glasses consist essentially of a composition defined by the formula Fe.sub.a M.sub.b B.sub.c Si.sub.d C.sub.e in which "a"-"e" are in atom percent, the sum ("a"+"b"+"c"+"d"+"e") equals 100, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Cr, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, V and W, "a" ranges from about 66 to 81.5, "b" ranges from about 0.5 to 6, "c" ranges from about 10 to 26, "d" ranges from about 1 to 12, "e" ranges from about 0 to 2 and the sum ("c"+"d"+"e") ranges from about 18 to 28, and have been annealed at a temperature, T.sub.a, for a time, t.sub.a, sufficient to induce precipitation of discrete particles therein. Such metallic glasses are suitable for use in tape recorder heads, relay cores, transformers and the like.

Abstract: A ring magnet for creating a desired magnetic field within the bore of the ring is formed from a plurality of magnetized, magnetically isotropic magnets comprised of RE.sub.2 TM.sub.14 B.sub.1 alloy. The invention has particular application to ring magnets for magnetic resonance imaging devices.

Abstract: Magnetically hard compositions having high values of coercivity, remanence and energy product contain rare earth elements, transition metal elements and boron in suitable proportions. The preferred rare earth elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron. The magnetic alloys have characteristic very finely crystalline microstructures.

Abstract: Magnetic materials comprising Fe, B, R (rare earth elements) and Co having a major phase of Fe-Co-B-R intermetallic compound(s) of tetragonal system, and sintered anisotropic permanent magnets consisting essentially of, by atomic percent, 8-30% R (at least one of rare earth elements inclusive of Y), 2-28% B, no less than 50% Co, and the balance being Fe with impurities. Those may contain additional elements M (Ti, Ni, Bi, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Al, Sb, Ge, Sn, Zr, Hf) providing Fe-Co-B-R-M type materials and magnets.

Abstract: A rare-earth element permanent magnet alloy characterized by good magnetic alignment and high energy product, said magnet consisting essentially of, in atomic percent, at least one rare earth element didymium, mischmetal, neodymium and thorium 12 to 20, boron 4 to 14 and balance iron.

Abstract: The present invention provides corrosion resistance clad steels comprising a steel core and a cladding of a corrosion resistance metallic material tightly covering the circumference of the core, the interface between the core and cladding being metallurgically bonded. As the core materials, steel bars for concrete reinforcement including PC steel bars; or materials for sections (e.g., angles or channels) may be appropriately selected depending on the intended use. The foregoing steel materials is produced by a method comprising the steps of arranging the corrosion resistance metallic cladding member over the entire surface of the circumference of the steel core member and hot rolling to form an intimate metallurgical bonding at the interface between both members, thereby forming the foregoing clad steel material. The material may be formed into deformed steel bars.

Abstract: A magnetically anisotropic sintered permanent magnet of the FeBR system in which R is sum of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 wherein:R.sub.1 is Dy, Tb, Gd, Ho, Er, Tm and/or Yb, andR.sub.2 comprises 80 at % or more of Nd and Pr in R.sub.2 and the balance of at least one of other rare earth elements exclusive of R.sub.1,said system comprising by atomic percent, 0.05 to 5% of R.sub.1, 12.5 to 20% of R, 4 to 20% of B, and the balance being Fe with impurities. Additional elements M(Ti, Zr, Hf, Cr, Mn, Ni, Ta, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Mo, Nb, Al, V, W,) may be present.

Abstract: A rare earth-iron-boron alloy powder which consists essentially of:12.5 to 20 at % R wherein R.sub.1 is 0.05 to 5 at %, 4 to 20 at % B, and 60 to 83.5 at % Fe,wherein R.sub.1 is at least one heavy rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb, 80 to 100 at % of R.sub.2 consists of Nd and/or Pr, the balance in the R.sub.2 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements including Y and except for R.sub.1, and R=R.sub.1 =R.sub.2 by atomic %, wherein a major phase of at least 80 vol % of the entire alloy coinsists of a tetragonal structure, and wherein oxygen does not exceed 10,000 ppm, carbon does not exceed 1000 ppm and calcium does not exceed 2000 ppm. The alloy powder is produced by directly reducing a mixture comprising rare earth oxide, iron and other ingredients or oxide thereof with a reducing agent Ca and CaCl.sub.2, putting the reduced product into water, then treating with water. Up to 35 at % Co may be substituted for Fe.

Abstract: Magnetic materials comprising Fe, B and R (rare earth elements) having a major phase of Fe--B--R intermetallic compound(s) of tetragonal system, and sintered anisotropic permanent magnets consisting essentially of, by atomic percent, 8-30% R (at least one of rare earth elements inclusive of Y), 2-28% B and the balance being Fe with impurities. Those may contain additional elements M (Ti, Ni, Bi, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Al, Sb, Ge, Sn, Zr, Hf) providing Fe--B--R--M type materials and magnets.

Abstract: A rare earth alloy for producing permanent magnet comprised of: 15-65 atomic % R.sub.1, 35-83 atomic % Fe, and 0-15 atomic % B, where R.sub.1 represents at least one of heavy rare earth elements Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb. This alloy is produced by reducing a mixture of correspoding rare earth oxides, Fe, and a boron containing material by Ca, contacting the reduced mass with water, and treating the resultant slurry with water. Using this alloy, Fe-B-R base magnets wherein R.sub.1 is substituted for part of R (R representing lanthanide and/or Y) having a high performance are produced with a reduced cost.

Abstract: A rare earth-iron-boron alloy powder which consists essentially of:12.5 to 20 at % R wherein R.sub.1 is 0.05 to 5 at %, 4 to 20 at % B, and 60 to 83.5 at % Fe,wherein R.sub.1 is at least one heavy rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, 80 to 100 at % of R.sub.2 consists of Nd and/or Pr, the balance in the R.sub.2 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements including Y and except for R.sub.1, and R=R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 by atomic %, wherein a major phase of at least 80 vol % of the entire alloy coinsists of a tetragonal structure, and wherein oxygen does not exceed 10,000 ppm, carbon does not exceed 1000 ppm and calcium does not exceed 2000 ppm. The alloy powder is produced by directly reducing a mixture comprising rare earth oxide, iron and other ingredients or oxide thereof with a reducing agent Ca and CaCl.sub.2, putting the reduced product into water, then treating with water. Up to 35 at % Co may be substituted for Fe.

Abstract: Isotropic permanet magnet formed of a sintered body having a mean crystal grain size of 1-130 microns and a major phase of tetragonal system comprising, in atomic percent, 10-25% of R wherein R represents at least one of rare-earth elements including Y, 3-23% of B, no more than 50% of Co and the balance being Fe. As additional elements M, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, Ge, Sb, Sn, Bi, Ni or W may be incorporated.The magnets can be produced through a powder meallurgical process resulting in high magnetic properties, e.g., up to 7 MGOe or higher energy product.

Abstract: In the rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet, Ce and La decrease the magnetic properties when used alone but synergistically enhance iHc when used in combination.The composition provided by the present invention is generally expressed by [(Ce.sub.x La.sub.1-x).sub.y R.sub.1-y ].sub.z [(Fe.sub.1-u-w Co.sub.w M.sub.u).sub.1-v B.sub.v ].sub.1-z with a proviso of 0.4.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.9, 0.2<y.ltoreq.1.0, 0.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.3, 0.01.ltoreq.v.ltoreq.0.3, 0.ltoreq.u.ltoreq.0.2, 0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.5, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, Ge, Sb, Sn, Bi, Ni, W, Cu, and Ag.

Abstract: Magnetically hard compositions having high values of coercivity, remanence and energy product contain rare earth elements, transition metal elements and boron in suitable proportions. The preferred rare earth elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron. The magnetic alloys have characteristic very finely crystalline microstructures.

Abstract: Wear-resistant materials and articles, wherein an amorphous material having a hardness of greater than about 1600 VHN is utilized to protect wear-susceptible portions of substrates or is itself made into a wear-resistant article. Amorphous materials having hardnesses greater than about 1600 VHN are found to have surprisingly great wear resistance and can be used to prepare wear-resistant articles. Particularly satisfactory results have been obtained with metal-metalloid systems such as W--Ru--B, Re--Mo--B, Mo--Ru--B, and Co--Nb--B materials.

Abstract: A rare-earth element permanent magnet alloy characterized by good magnetic alignment and high energy product, said magnet consisting essentially of, in atomic percent, at least one rare earth element didymium, mischmetal, neodymium and thorium 12 to 20, boron 4 to 14 and balance iron.

Abstract: A cold rolled boron steel sheet having excellent stretchability, deep drawability, and second workability and method for producing the same, which comprises the steps of hot rolling a steel containing not more than 0.05% C by weight and, P and N in the relation of P+5N.ltoreq.0.0175% by weight at a temperature of 850.degree. C. or more, cold rolling the hot rolled steel strip at a reduction of not less than 50%, and subjecting the cold rolled steel strip to continuous annealing at a temperature between the recrystallization temperature and the A.sub.3 point.

Abstract: Amorphous alloys having high strength, high hardness, high crystallization temperature, high saturation magnetic induction, low coercive force, high magnetic permeability and particularly low deterioration of magnetic properties with lapse of time, have a composition formula ofT.sub.a X.sub.b Z.sub.c or T.sub.a' X.sub.b' Z.sub.c' M.sub.d,whereinT is at least one of Fe, Co and Ni,X is at least one of Zr, Ti, Hf and Y,Z is at least one of B, C, Si, Al, Ge, Bi, S and P,a is 70-98 atomic %,b is not more than 30 atomic %,c is not more than 15 atomic %,sum of a, b and c is 100 atomic %,M is at least one Mo, Cr, W, V, Nb, Ta, Cu, Mn, Zn, Sb, Sn, Be, Mg, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy,a' is 70-98 atomic %,b' is not more than 30 atomic %,c' is not more than 15 atomic %,d is not more than 20 atomic %, andsum of a', b', c' and d is 100 atomic %.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic alloy essentially consists of 10 to 40% by weight of R, 0.1 to 8% by weight of boron, 50 to 300 ppm by weight of oxygen and the balance of iron, where R is at least one component selected from the group consisting of yttrium and the rare-earth elements.An alloy having this composition has a high coercive force .sub.I H.sub.C and a high residual magnetic flux density and therefore has a high maximum energy product.

Abstract: In the production of non-oriented electrical steel sheets, it has been attempted to decrease the watt loss, e.g., by adding Sn to silicon steels, but in such a case the relationship between the watt loss and the magnetic flux density falls within the curves 1 and 1' in FIG. 1. The addition of boron is therefore unsatisfactory for meeting the recent demand for improving the magnetic properties of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet over those indicated by the curve 3.In the present invention, the combined addition of Sn and B and/or sol. Al results in the development of (110) and (100) textures, which are desirable for the magnetic properties.A non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention consists of:at most 0.015% carbon,0.3% to 2.0% silicon,0.02% to 0.20% tin,and optionally1.0% to 1.5% manganese,and(a) 0.005% to 0.10% acid-soluble aluminium,at most 0.007% nitrogen,at most 0.005% boron,the weight ratio of the boron content/nitrogen content being from 0.5 to 1.

Abstract: Electrical contacts to or mechanical connections between components and provided by using a thin layer of an alloy consisting of metals and metalloids. Such a layer shows excellent adhesion to glass or semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing amorphous alloys having a combination of superior properties which are highly valuable and desirable for ferromagnetic materials or superconducting materials are produced by sputtering metallic materials and nitrogen compounds containing semi-metal or semiconducting metal, such as boron or silicon, without requiring the use of nitrogen gas. The produced alloy has a novel structure, represented by the formula:MxLyNz(wherein M is at least one metal or alloy; L is at least one semimetal or semiconducting element; and x, y and z are fractional atomic percentages totaling 100 (i.e., x+y+z=100) and the value of y+z being 10 or more and the respective values of x, y, z being not zero).

Abstract: Amorphous alloys containing zirconium as an amorphous forming metal and having teh formula X.sub..alpha. Z.sub..gamma. wherein X is at least one of Fe, Co and Ni, .alpha. is 80 to 92 atomic %, Z is zirconium, .gamma. is 8 to 20 atomic % and the sum of .alpha. and .gamma. is 100 atomic %, cause little variation of properties during aging and embrittlement because they contain no metalloid as the amorphous forming element, and they further have excellent strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and heat resistance and maintain superior magnetic properties which are characteristic of iron group elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing a mother alloy for making a Fe-B-Si base amorphous metal is described, comprising the steps of:providing a molten metal containing an iron source and ferrosilicon;adding to the molten metal a mineral ore containing a boron oxide;reducing a predetermined amount of the boron oxide in the molten metal by the reducing action of carbon or silicon that is initially present in the metal or externally added together with the mineral ore, thereby dissolving said boron oxide as elemental boron in the molten metal;removing the carbon or aluminum by supplying an oxidant; andadjusting the contents of boron and silicon in the molten metal to be within a desired composition range.