Abstract: Air-containing packages are subjected to heat sterilizing under pressure in a sterilization treatment tank. A pressure controlling method comprises changing the rate-of-rise of the temperature in the treatment tank in the vicinity of a point-of-change in a pressure rise in a pressure pattern in the package and delaying the timing of lowering the pressure in the treatment tank after the start of cooling treatment to avoid any deformation of the packages.

Abstract: An improved gas generator in which the composition of gas generated in a heated reactor is maintained when the flow rate from the reactor is adjusted. To accomplish this, the generator includes two diverting means responsive to the flow rate. The first diverts a portion of the reactant mixture before it enters the reactor, the diverted amount being insufficient to change the composition of the generated gas. The second diverts a portion of the generated gas to a burner for heating the reactor.

Abstract: A continuous process for alkylating an alkylatable hydrocarbon in the presence of a acid-type catalyst in which the alkylatable hydrocarbon is contacted with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst in a reaction zone so as to alkylate the alkylatable hydrocarbon. The reaction product is separated in an acid settler vessel into an alkylate product phase, located in the upper portion of the first separation zone, and a catalyst phase located in the lower portion of the first separation zone. The catalyst phase is further separated into a first portion and second portion, such that the first portion is cooled and recycled for use in the alkylation reaction zone as a catalyst recycle, and the second portion is passed into a second separation zone, wherein the catalyst phase is further separated into a rerun catalyst stream containing acid-type catalyst and an acid soluble oil stream. The rerun catalyst stream is passed into the hydrocarbon phase of the acid settler vessel.

Abstract: A liquid supply device comprises a sealed vessel containing a reactive liquid, a guide cylinder disposed to the inside of the sealed vessel, a piston adapted to slide along the inside of the guide cylinder depending on the change of the pressure in the sealed vessel, a spring for urging the piston toward the inside of the sealed vessel, a pressure-generating catalyst adapted to move into and out of the reactive liquid interlocking with the piston for decomposing the reaction liquid to evolve gases upon contact with the reactive liquid, and a delivery apparatus for sending out the reactive liquid out of the vessel due to the increase in the pressure inside the vessel upon evolution of the gas.The reactive liquid evolving gases is supplied continuously without using a pump or like other positive driving apparatus, but due to the pressure of gases evolved from the reaction solution per se, with no noisy mechanical sounds and operational energy.

Abstract: A vacuum vapor transport control system and method for controlling the rate of vapor flow from a reagent reservoir into a vacuum system through an orifice calibrated as to size or flow rate using a high purity fixed gas and vapor provided from multiple reservoirs or mixed vapor provided from a single reservoir.

Abstract: Apparatus for the treatment of water supplies with the gas of the type comprising, in sequence, the following elements: (a) a vacuum regulator 2 for providing a low pressure supply of the gas from a high pressure source; (b) a monitor system 3 to signal unwanted pressure changes; (c) a gas flow meter 4; (d) an output flow control valve 5 coupled with a vacuum relief valve 6 to ensure the gas pressure stays above a required level; (e) a differential control valve 8 serving to maintain a constant pressure differential between the output flow control valve and the mixing device, (f) a gas and water mixing device 9, is improved by arranging that at least two successive elements (a) to (f) are directly abutted for gas flow through aligned openings. Abutted elements are conveniently housed in monolithic blocks.

Abstract: A warm gas accumulator system 10 suitable for use in guidance vane-actuator systems of missiles comprising a tank 12 containing a supply of Tridyne gas, which tank 12 includes an internally mounted catalytic bed 26 and an internally mounted heat exchanger 18. A portion of the flow of Tridyne gas being discharged from the tank is first directed through the catalytic bed 26 and heat exchanger 18 for purposes of generating and transferring heat to the remainder of the contained Tridyne gas. Upon completing its circuit, the diverted portion of the flow is then mixed with the undiverted portion of the flow prior to discharge from the tank for pusposes of improving the volumetric flow rate of warm gas accumulator system 10.

Abstract: A RIM apparatus has a separate hydraulically actuated monomer dispensing system associated with one of at least two different fluid chemical monomers to be mixed and molded. Each system is connected with a separate hydraulic fluid delivery cylinder (one for each monomer) for receiving hydraulic fluid therefrom and is operable for dispensing the associated monomer to a RIM mixing head and mold at a rate proportional to the rate that said hydraulic fluid is delivered thereto from the connected delivery cylinder. Each delivery cylinder is supported at a preselected position with its axis spaced radially from a reference axis and at least one thereof is bodily adjustable radially with respect to said reference axis and to the axis of another delivery cylinder. Each delivery cylinder discharges hydraulic fluid at a rate proportional to the rate of movement of an associated piston therein.

Abstract: A float controlled mechanism designed to allow the storage in and removal of variable amounts of gaseous reaction product from a reaction vessel of fixed size at a fixed pressure. The control mechanism uses a float to sense the level of the liquid in the vessel and maintain a fixed head of liquid above this level thereby maintaining a fixed pressure in the sealed reaction vessel.

Abstract: The sterilizing pressure chamber of an autoclave is provided with two valve controlled vent paths. At the end of the sterilizing cycle of the autoclave a first vent path channels the sterilizing steam from the chamber into a condensing coil having an end which opens into a liquid reservoir. When the pressure within the chamber drops to a predetermined level, a second vent path, having a flow rate which is greater than the first path, opens and provides a channel for the rapid escape of the remainder of the steam from the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fumigation and detoxification of plant seed and to an pneumatic apparatus having a positive pressure air source, seed feed, a vacuum wheel air lock, fumigant and detoxicant source, a spraying apparatus for introducing the fumigant and/or the detoxicant and an exit cyclone having an optional air return for returning fumigant and/or detoxicant saturated air to the apparatus. The inventive apparatus and method have been found effective for aflatoxin B.sub.1 and B.sub.2 suppression as well as for insect extermination in infested plant seed.

Abstract: A reaction product is formed by a process which involves the transfer of the reaction product from an autoclave to a receiving vessel at a substantially constant flow rate. Just prior to this transfer, the pressure in the receiving vessel is brought up to the pressure in the autoclave by passing gas from the autoclave to the receiving vessel. The flow of gas from the autoclave to the receiving vessel is then stopped, and the pressure in the receiving vessel is allowed to drop due to transfer of heat from the gas to the walls of the receiving vessel. The resulting pressure difference between the autoclave and the receiving vessel is used to initiate the transfer of the reaction products from the autoclave to the receiving vessel. A pressure release valve on the receiving vessel is then controlled by means a signal derived from a flow meter which measures the flow rate of the reaction products flowing from the autoclave to the receiving vessel to maintain constant this flow rate.

Abstract: A sterilization container is provided with relatively large top and bottom apertures to allow hot steam to rapidly pervade the interior of the container through the top while flushing cool air out the bottom. The apertures are provided with pressure actuated valves with large cross sections to minimize impedance to gas flow when the valves are open. The pressure-sensitive elements of the valves are set such that the valves close to seal the apertures when the external pressure is at atmospheric, and rapidly open fully when the pressure begins to rise in the autoclave as steam is admitted at the start of a sterilization cycle. When the external pressure is returned to atmospheric at the end of the cycle, the pressure-actuated valves close to provide a sealed container for removal from the autoclave.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating in counter current of suspended particles with a liquid, whereby the particles and the liquid are transferred in opposite directions through a contact zone which, at some places, spaced in axial direction, is stirred in planes perpendicular to the centre line of the contact zone, in which the contact zone is one continuous space and that the volume fraction of the solid matter in the contact zone is maintained at a value between 0.20 and 0.55.

Abstract: A chemical reactor vessel is provided with a plurality of tubes filled with a heat exchange fluid. The tubes are disposed in a heat exchange relationship with the reactor contents and are coupled via pressure sensitive rupture discs and a header to a reservoir. Upon overheating of the reactor contents, excess heat is absorbed by the heat exchange fluid which boils off at a predetermined vaporization temperature and vapor pressure to rupture the discs and thereby establish fluid communication between the tubes and a heat exchange fluid contained in the reservoir, and thereby maintaining the reactor contents at a preselected safe temperature.

Abstract: Inert gas is supplied to a closed reagent reservoir for reagent dosing in producing gaseous measuring samples according to the "hydride method". Thereby, reagent is pressed into a sample vessel through a reagent dosing conduit. A manometric switch is provided at the inert gas connecting conduit to produce a defined reagent flow, by means of which manometric switch a valve located in the connecting conduit is driven into its closed position, if a preset pressure has been reached.

Abstract: A high pressure mixing head for mixing reactive components in reaction injection molding includes a mixing chamber discharging into a quieting chamber and an injection valve for injecting reactive component into the mixing chamber. Recirculation passages for the reactive component are provided in the mixing chamber and internally of the injection valve. The recirculation passage internally of the injection valve is selectably opened and closed as is the outlet from the injection valve into the mixing chamber. Both the injection valve outlet and the recirculation passage internally of the injection valve are selectably throttleable.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ammonium nitrate by the reaction of nitric acid with ammonia in two stages at elevated temperature, in which the first stage is carried out at elevated pressure and the second stage is carried out at atmospheric pressure. The heat of neutralization released in the first stage is used to vaporize a portion of the reactor contents, the remaining heat of reaction being utilized to produce steam. The vapor leaving the first stage develops a pressure which controls the valve regulating the amount of heat recovered by steam generation. The valve is opened when the pressure of the vapor exceeds a set value, usually in the range of 3.4 to 4.8 bars. Decomposition products of ammonium nitrate are also measured and override the pressure regulated control of the proporiton of heat recovered by steam generation, so as to maintain ammonium nitrate decomposition within acceptable limits. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A high pressure mix-head for use in reaction injection molding systems includes a full cross section plunger and a piston valve assembly selectively positioned in response to recirculation and pour cycles to control flow through recirculation passages formed on the O.D. surface of a mix-head sleeve.

Abstract: The danger of explosion due to decomposition of high-pressure industrial process gases, such as ethylene, is reduced by beginning to cool the decomposition gases with a delay of no more than 25 milliseconds from the onset of flow of the gases out of a high-pressure vessel. The process may be implemented by using apparatus comprising: (1) means containing an inert gas at a pressure P between about 5 and 50 bars and an inert liquid of high heat of vaporization; and (2) a valve located upstream of an inert-liquid dispersing means, of which the opening is operated by a means detecting the opening of a safety means of the high-pressure vessel and operating the working of the dispersing means.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preparing pre-expanded particles of a thermoplastic resin which comprises; heating under an elevated pressure an aqueous dispersion comprising thermoplastic resin particles containing a volatile foaming agent and an aqueous medium in a pressure vessel; releasing the dispersion from the pressure vessel into a space within a sealed low-pressure vessel wherein the pressure is lower than that in the pressure vessel, whereby expanding the thermoplastic resin particles to give pre-expanded particles; and simultaneously recovering the foaming agent volatilized from the thermoplastic resin particles by discharging the foaming agent out of the space in the low-pressure vessel with controlling the pressure in the low-pressure vessel to substantially a given pressure. According to the process, the release of the volatile foaming agent into the air is prevented.

Abstract: An improved universal expansion joint having counterthrust means for controlling pressure-induced expansion. Movable bellows means in the form of one or more expansible bellows or one or more contractile fluid power cylinders are disclosed for applying counterthrust force to the expansion joint. Means responsive to the pressure within the expansion joint or the temperature of or the strain on the conduit connected to the expansion joint are disclosed for applying the desired fluid pressure to the bellows means to achieve the proper counterthrust force. Also disclosed are a method of employing the improved expansion joint and a system in which the improved expansion joint is advantageously utilized.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preparing pre-expanded particles of a thermoplastic resin which comprises; heating under an elevated pressure an aqueous dispersion comprising thermoplastic resin particles containing a volatile foaming agent and an aqueous medium in a pressure vessel; releasing the dispersion from the pressure vessel into a space within a sealed low-pressure vessel wherein the pressure is lower than that in the pressure vessel and the space is sealed with an aqueous medium which exists in the lower portion of the vessel and communicates with the outside of the vessel, whereby expanding the thermoplastic resin particles to give pre-expanded particles; and sinking the resulting pre-expanded particles under the aqueous medium by means of a rotary impeller provided in the pressure vessel so that the pre-expanded particles are taken out of the low-pressure vessel through the aqueous medium towards the outside of the vessel, while recovering the foaming agent volatilized from the thermoplastic resin par

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manipulating the temperature and pressure of the hydrocarbon phase in an acid settler vessel associated with a catalytic alkylation process and apparatus, wherein the hydrocarbon phase in the acid settler vessel is regulated by controlling the amount of rerun catalyst stream entering the hydrocarbon phase of the acid settler vessel. In response to a detected temperature or pressure of the hydrocarbon phase above a set point, the flow of rerun catalyst stream to the hydrocarbon phase of the acid settler vessel is decreased. This decrease in flow to the hydrocarbon phase may be accompanied by an increase in flow of rerun catalyst vapor to the catalyst phase of the acid settler vessel.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the level of an interface between separate phases in a solvent extraction column by regulating the flow from the base of the column. A steady controllable flow is achieved by passing the flow into a pressure vessel and the level in the vessel is controlled by having a plurality of vertically spaced apart apertures in the flow path within the vessel.

Abstract: The danger of explosion due to decomposition of high-pressure industrial process gases, such as ethylene, is reduced by beginning to cool the decomposition gases with a delay of no more than 25 milliseconds from the onset of flow of the gases out of a high-pressure vessel.The process may be implemented by using apparatus comprising:(1) means containing an inert gas at a pressure P between about 5 and 50 bars and an inert liquid of high heat of vaporization; and(2) a valve located upstream of an inert-liquid dispersing-means, of which the opening is operated by a means detecting the opening of a safety means of the high-pressure vessel and operating the working of the dispersing means.The apparatus is useful for the recovery of decomposition gases in order to avoid atmospheric pollution, as well as for reducing the risk of explosion.

Abstract: In a two-stage hydrofining process, hydrogen is utilized as a quench fluid to reduce the temperature of the effluent withdrawn from the hydrodemetallization stage prior to providing such effluent to the hydrodesulfurization stage and the flow of such hydrogen is controlled so as to maintain a desired temperature for the feed to the hydrodesulfurization stage. Also, the flow of fuel to a furnace is controlled so as to maintain a desired temperature for the feed to the hydrodemetallization stage and hydrogen flow rates are manipulated throughout the process so as to maintain desired hydrogen concentrations throughout the hydrofining process.

Abstract: The foam is produced by mixing an isocyanate with a polyalcohol from a tight storage tank with two compartments, each of which contains one of the aforementioned products, the upper part of the tank being provided with a solid propellant trip or starter, which generates a pressurization gas form the tank. In the lower part of the storage tank, there is a pressure threshold mixer, whose operation is automatically controlled by the pressure prevailing in the tank and which has a mixing chamber entered (under the effect of the same pressure) by the isocyanate and the polyol via lateral injection nozzles, which produce a rotation of the mixture, the polyols being previously emulsified by a neutral gas (such as air or nitrogen) from a pressurized storage container.

Abstract: An apparatus for purifying copper phthalocyanine pigment in a continuous process without the use of acid. This apparatus comprises a container for preparing a slurry of said pigment in water, a pump and a conduit for conducting the slurry from the container to the inlet of the pump, a first heating apparatus capable of heating the slurry to a temperature of at least about 75.degree. C., a conduit for conducting the slurry from the pump to the first heating apparatus, a thin film pressure filter, and a conduit for conducting the slurry from the first heating apparatus to the thin film pressure filter. The apparatus is arranged such that the temperature of the slurry passing through the thin film pressure filter is close to the exit temperature of the slurry from the first heating apparatus. A product outlet is provided for the filter and a control valve is positioned in the product outlet.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling a simulated moving bed system of a type including at least four series-arranged beds each packed with a solid adsorbent, with the downstream end of each bed and the upstream end of the next succeeding bed being connected by conduits to form an endless loop, and in which a fluid is caused to circulate through the beds in one direction, a feed stock and a desorbent are introduced into the system while a raffinate and a sorbate are withdrawn from the system, and the positions of introduction and withdrawal of the four kinds of fluid are periodically shifted in the direction of the circulating fluid flow. In accordance with the invention, two or more circulating pumps, provided with variable speed controllers and pressure detectors for detecting the suction pressure of each of the circulating pumps, are disposed between two beds.

Abstract: A method for treating in counter current of suspended particles with a liquid, whereby the particles and the liquid are transferred in opposite directions through a contact zone which, at some places, spaced in axial direction, is stirred in planes perpendicular to the center line of the contact zone, in which the contact zone is one continuous space and that the volume fraction of the solid matter in the contact zone is maintained at a value between 0.20 and 0.55.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) apparatus comprising a reactor riser zone, primary and secondary cyclones, connected in series to the riser zone, and a stripping zone. The riser zone, the primary and the secondary cyclones, and the stripping zone, are placed within a single reactor vessel. The primary cyclone is connected to the reactor riser zone by an enclosed conduit which prevents random post-thermal cracking of the hydrocarbons after they exit the reactor riser zone. The secondary cyclone is also connected to the primary cyclone by an enclosed conduit. Any one or both of the enclosed conduits contain a trickle valve to accommodate sudden increased surges of pressure and of flow of the hydrocarbons and catalyst mixture. The reactor riser zone is equipped with an opening which allows stripping gases, from the stripping zone, to enter the riser. The gases are subsequently conducted through the primary and secondary cyclones to the downstream fractionation means.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process and apparatus containing a reactor riser zone and radially extending sidearms as the first catalyst-hydrocarbon product separation means. Hydrocarbon products separated in the sidearms are conducted through an enclosed passageway to a secondary separation means, such as a cyclone. The catalyst is also conducted through the enclosed passageway to a stripping apparatus, wherein entrained hydrocarbons are removed therefrom. The enclosed passageway contains a means for accommodating sudden surges of catalyst flow and increased pressure, e.g., a trickle valve.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) apparatus and process comprising a reactor riser zone, a primary and a secondary cyclones, connected in series to the riser zone, and a stripping zone. The riser zone, the primary and the secondary cyclones, and the stripping zone, are placed within a single reactor vessel. The primary cyclone is connected to the reactor riser zone by an enclosed conduit which prevents random post-riser thermal cracking of the hydrocarbons after they exit the reactor riser zone. The conduit contains a trickle valve, or other means, to accommodate sudden increased surges of flow of the hydrocarbons and catalyst mixture.

Abstract: An introduction process and apparatus is described concerning the continuous elution of a value, i.e. a metal value such as gold, from a particulate carrier by a counterflow of stripping liquid through the pressurized vessel in which the loaded particulate carrier is introduced to the vessel as a low velocity plug in a liquid carrier. The extraction process is also used with the continuous elution process in which the particulate material is extracted from the bottom part of a pressure vessel through a discharge pipe extending therefrom and in which a discharge liquid is introduced into the discharge pipe upstream of the discharge end under such pressure as to maintain a head of the discharge liquid upstream of that location and a flow of the liquid downstream from the location to transport the particulate material through the discharge pipe.

Abstract: A countercurrent continuous catalytic reactor system for treating a liquid phase, such as oil, with a gaseous reactant.An enclosed reactor shell contains a fixed porous bed of solid catalyst, upper liquid inlet device for introducing a stream of liquid substantially above the catalyst bed for downward gravity flow through the bed, and lower liquid outlet device for withdrawing treated liquid from the reactor shell. A gaseous reactant is dispersed through the liquid phase in intimate contact with the solid catalyst, and withdrawn above the catalyst bed.Level detector apparatus is disposed in a froth zone above the catalyst bed for detecting level of a mixed gas-liquid froth.Fluid handling control apparatus responsive to a level signal controls fluid stream flow for regulating froth level above the catalyst bed.

Abstract: A process vessel which contains a control system for maintaining average pressure drop across gas discharge nozzles above a minimum valve to prevent the occurrence of inactive nozzles, said nozzles comprising part of a distributor which is used to distribute gas across the lower portion of the processing vessel, wherein the control system comprises:(a) means for establishing a flow signal representative of the rate of flow of gas in said pipeline supplying the gas to said distributor;(b) means for establishing a temperature signal representative of the temperature of the gas flowing in said distributor;(c) means for establishing a pressure signal representative of the pressure of the gas flowing in said distributor;(d) computing means for calculating the average pressure drop across said nozzles using said flow, pressure, and temperature signals and appropriate constant parameters and equations;(e) means for comparing said average pressure drop across said nozzles with a minimum value, generating a correction

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for controlling liquid levels in different vessels, and the blending of different materials in the separation and purification of polymeric materials in solution, such as polyethylene in cyclohexane.

Abstract: A washing column for the continuous separation between a solid chemical fed in a liquid multi-component system, on the one hand, and the mother liquor in which the solid chemical is suspended, on the other. In a cylindrical working space a stationary, straight, plane washing front is maintained in a packed bed of the solid chemical substance between the mother liquor, on the one hand, and a melt of the solid chemical, on the other. According to the invention, the washing column is double-walled to form an enveloping space, which contains a heat insulating medium and can be pressurized to conform to the pressure within the column. This construction permits the use of a relatively thin, glass inner wall of uniform wall thickness and inner surface. This renders the column resistant to corrosive chemicals, reduces the effect of heat exchange with the surroundings, and prevents instabilities in the washing front.

Abstract: A liquid chemical reactant is slowly sucked through capillary tubing into a closed partially evacuated reactor containing a second reactant, thus producing a gas, which is collected and dispensed by a vacuum pump. Simultaneously a small amount of air may be admitted into the reactor to displace the gas formed. Preferably the air enters through the reacting solution, cooling it and stirring it. The liquid reactant preferably is introduced in the immediate vicinity of the air entry. The liquid reactant stops flowing when the vacuum disappears and the reaction stops. The reaction may be automatically controlled by controlling the vacuum by means of a timed valve that bleeds air into the system.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed for modifying the flow of hydrogen in a hydrocarbonaceous apparatus wherein a charge stock and a vaporous hydrocarbon-hydrogen recycle are charged to a reaction zone to convert the hydrocarbons and produce a reaction zone effluent conduit which is cooled to provide, via a gas-liquid separation zone, a liquid hydrocarbon product stream and the vaporous hydrocarbon-hydrogen recycle stream, the latter being returned to charge stock admixture by a compressor. The control system senses the partial pressure of hydrogen, compares that value to a previously determined value and develops a signal correlative thereto, which is transmitted to a regulater that controls the quantity of vaporous hydrocarbon-hydrogen stream recycled to admixture with the charge stock. In a hydrogen consuming process, the hydrogen partial pressure is sensed downstream of the reactor while in the hydrogen producing process, the hydrogen partial pressure is sensed in the inlet to the reaction zone.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon vapors containing HF, as from an HF alkylation refrigerated vent gas yield, the reactor settler, and the like are charged to a liquid knock-out drum to remove entrained liquid therefrom, the recovered liquid being pumped to storage in response to liquid level control on the knock-out drum. Recovered vapors are charged to a circulating aqueous caustic treater to yield HF-free vapors, as to a flare. The circulating caustic solution is indirectly heated in response to a preselected caustic solution temperature to prevent freezing. A high pressure rupture disc, upstream from the knock-out drum, affords a vapor relief safety by-pass of the treater. Dry gas, such as nitrogen or sweet, natural gas, continuously sweeps the relief line to maintain this line open and operable.

Abstract: A control system is disclosed for modifying the flow of hydrogen recycle gas to a reaction apparatus which includes the admixture of a hydrocarbon charge stock with a recycle hydrogen-hydrocarbon stream and passage of the same to a hydrocarbon reaction zone to convert the hydrocarbons to a product effluent stream that is cooled to form a separated, via a separation zone, liquid product stream (withdrawn from the process) and a vaporous hydrogen-hydrocarbon stream, which is divided into the hydrogen-hydrocarbon recycle stream and a hydrogen-hydrocarbon vent stream. The recycle stream is returned to admixture with the hydrocarbon charge stock by a compressor while the vent stream conduit, in connection with the recycle conduit, has a controllable flow restriction device.

Abstract: In a batch process in which reaction effluent is dumped from the reactor to a flash tank through a dump line which contains both a dump valve and a control valve, the control valve is manipulated in response to a signal which opens the control valve at a desired rate as a function of time or in response to a signal which is representative of the maximum opening of the control valve which can be maintained without exceeding a pressure limit in the flash tank whichever signal is representative of the lower opening of the control valve. In this manner, reaction effluent is withdrawn from the reactor at a substantially maximum rate without causing flashing across the dump valve and without exceeding a pressure limitation for the flash tank.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for mixing and dose feeding a product of one or several components.This device comprises a mixing chamber 3 within which is freely mounted a static-type mixing member 7 which thereby can move within the chamber 3 along a predetermined path; this member is associated with return means 9 arranged to repel it in the direction S.sub.2 from the discharge toward the inlets of the chamber; when in motion during the product feed operation, the member 7 permits projecting product doses with high accuracy and without dispersion while also achieving thorough mixing of the product components.

Abstract: A unique temperature responsive operating mechanism is disclosed which is particularly suited for embodiment as a temperature responsive valve mechanism for use with a steam sterilization container. The mechanism includes a valve operating member which is movable by the action of a biasing spring from a first, opened position to a second, closed position with respect to an opening defined by the sterilization container. The mechanism further includes a temperature responsive, heat deformable member operatively associated with the biasing spring and the valve operating member to provide progressive movement of the valve operating member from its first to its second position in response to an elevation in temperature of the environment of the operating mechanism. Desired communication is provided between the interior and exterior of the sterilization container during a substantial portion of the steam sterilization process, with the mechanism subsequently tightly sealing the container.

Abstract: A fail-safe device for a pressure vessel includes a blocking device for a lid thereof, which blocking device is locked by means of a first locking device sensing the internal pressure in the vessel. This device in its turn is provided with a second locking device which works independently by sensing pressure or temperature inside the vessel and locks the first locking device in its locked position whenever pressure or temperature is dangerously high inside the vessel. The object is to assure a safe closing of the lid which is both foolproof and fail-safe.

Abstract: A method for sterilizing medical devices is disclosed. The method comprises the circulation of a sterilant gas through a contaminated device bacteriologically to sterilize exposed surfaces, permitting the sterilant gas to remain within the lumen of the device for an effective period of time, and thereafter removing the sterilant gas by purging with sterile air or other inert gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for the fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The apparatus accomplishes the separate and simultaneous contacting of two fluid streams, at least one of which is a hydrocarbon feedstock, with cracking catalyst followed by the removal of the vaporous products therefrom with minimal commingling. The apparatus comprises multiple riser reactors, a partition positioned in the disengaging vessel separating the dilute phase into two regions, and a control system for controlling the direction and volume of flow between the two dilute phase regions at a desired point. The apparatus is particularly suitable for use in the simultaneous fluidized catalytic cracking of dissimilar hydrocarbon feedstocks with minimal commingling of the products therefrom.

Abstract: A system for the addition of a corrosion inhibitor to an engine cooling system wherein a container in the coolant system holds the corrosion inhibitor in a solid package which is withheld from contact with the coolant solution by a spring under load. The inhibitor package is counterbalanced by a pair of opposed springs with one spring being subject to corrosion when the corrosive effect of the coolant increases; corrosion of the spring allowing the inhibitor package to be urged into contact with the solution to provide treatment thereof.