Abstract: A sparger system for removing sodium chlorite crystal and other crystalline particulate material in slurry form from a tank car comprises a plurality of spray nozzles from which water is expelled as a flat spray initially to dissolve sodium chlorite so as to cavitate the mass of sodium chlorite crystals, which break off in lumps into the cavity and then to impact the walls and roof of the tank car to flush off residual sodium chlorite crystal. The slurry is collected in a sump and is discharged therefrom, with additional sprays agitating the sump to break up clumps of sodium chlorite and to maintain the particulates in suspension.

Abstract: A chemical feeder having a collection reservoir and an erosion reservoir located within and spaced from the wall of the collection reservoir. An elongated cylinder is supported on the collection reservoir and the lower end of the cylinder is located in the collection reservoir. The collection reservoir has a water discharge outlet and the erosion reservoir has a water inlet with a valve to control the flow rate of water into the erosion reservoir. A canister containing solid chemical sanitizing elements is supported in the cylinder and its lower portion is located in the upper portion of the erosion reservoir. Openings are located in the lower end portion of the canister so that solid dry chemical sanitizing elements located in the lower end portion of the canister can be contacted by water in the erosion reservoir to erode and dissolve the solid elements to chemically treat water flowing out of the erosion reservoir into the collection reservoir.

Abstract: This new detergent delivery system involves the formation of a detergent solution from a solid detergent material. The system comprises a container for holding the detergent pellets, and a lid. The container includes a hollow body portion, a base portion, and a passageway. The container has a handle which is pivotally attached to the hollow body portion. The base portion of the container has a recess molded therein, and tabs for retentively engaging the handle in a nested position when the handle is not in use. The lid retentively and disengageably fits securely with a coupling means of the passageway. The lid includes means for retentively and disengageably fitting securely within the passageway of the container. An integral grid is formed within the lid, the grid having a plurality of apertures forming a pattern therein. The grid is divided into four quadrants, and the pattern on each quadrant is similar.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating material with liquid has defined therein a cylindrical chamber, suspended above the bottom of which is a receptacle for holding the material to be tested, the bottom of which receptacle is permeable to the treatment liquid. Above the receptacle there is arranged a duct with inlets at its end and outlets disposed above the receptacle. In use, a magnetic stirrer drives a vortex of liquid up the side wall of the chamber and liquid from the vortex enters the duct from which liquid pours down onto the material to be treated in the receptacle and is then recycled. The apparatus includes one or more of the improvements that suspension of the receptacle and duct is by means which does not interfere with the vortex, that the area of the inlets is maximized by forming them with an arcuate profile, and that the bore in the duct is formed such that the wall above the bore is relatively thick and a suspending rod can be screwed thereinto.

Abstract: A water treatment device used in treating water in for example a swimming pool is disclosed. It comprises a blow moulded container which contains water treatment material comprising chlorine pills or portions of such pills and bouyancy means giving a bouyancy to the device such that when the container contains a predetermined amount of water treatment material, the container will sink to the bottom of the pool while the container will float on the surface of the water when it does not contain any pill material or only a small amount of such pill material. The container further comprises a skirt or similar support means located at the periphery of the container to support the container off the floor of the water containment. At the centre portion of the container base there may be a projection, which is part spherical in shape so that the WT device may rock slightly on movement of water therearound, the support means limiting the amount of such rocking movement.

Abstract: A device for dispensing a chemical solution into a pipeline transporting a liquid under pressure irrespective of whether the liquid pressure varies between a maximum and a minimum or is subsantially constant. The volume of solution dispensed is varied at times when the liquid pressure is varying by selection of an aperture from a plurality of apertures at varying axial positions, for placing the interior of the pipeline in communication with the interior of the enclosure above the solution level, at times when the level drops axially to the selected apertures; or, at times when the liquid pressure is substantially constant, by adjustment of the amount of liquid permitted to enter the device.

Abstract: A sparger system for removing sodium chlorate crystal and other particulate material in slurry or solution form from a tank car comprises a plurality of spray nozzles from which water is expelled as a flat spray initially to dissolve sodium chlorate so as to cavitate the mass of sodium chlorate chlorate crystals, which break off in lumps into the cavity and then to impact the walls and roof of the tank car to flush off residual sodium chlorate crystal. The slurry is collected in a sump and is dicharged therefrom, with additional sprays agitating the sump to break up clumps of sodium chlorate and to maintain the particulates in suspension.

Abstract: A sparger system for removing sodium chlorate crystal and other particulate material in slurry or solution form from a tank car comprises a plurality of spray nozzles from which water is expelled as a flat spray initially to dissolve sodium chlorate so as to cavitate the mass of sodium chlorate chlorate crystals, which break off in lumps into the cavity and then to impact the walls and roof of the tank car to flush off residual sodium chlorate crystal. The slurry is collected in a sump and is discharged therefrom, with additional sprays agitating the sump to break up clumps of sodium chlorate and to maintain the particulates in suspension.

Abstract: A device for use in a swimming pool to continuously dispense chlorine for sanitizing the water is disclosed which is advantageously made of five main segments which may be molded using only simple and inexpensive molds. The device is for the most part snapped together in a manner preventing relative rotation of the various components, with only a single adhesive operation required to seal the waterproof float assembly. The device is manufactured in a sturdy fashion, with all the parts being held firmly together in a unit not dependent on single axis connecting hardware.

Abstract: A childproof cap for use with a floating chlorine feeder in a swimming pool is disclosed has a two stage process required for removal of the cap onto the feeder. The cap and the top of the feeder have cooperating circumferential series of alternating wide and narrow beads located thereon, with the cap being locked tightly on the feeder when the wide beads on the cap are aligned in a first interference fit with the wide beads on the feeder in a first childproof mechanism. After turning the cap ninety degrees, the cap may be removed by overcoming a second interference fit requiring a minimum force to pull the cap of the feeder, the second interference fit being the second childproof mechanism.

Abstract: A device for use in a swimming pool to continuously dispense chlorine for sanitizing the water is disclosed which has a metering valve designed for precise adjustment of the rate of dispersion of the chemical contained in the feeder. The metering mechanism is made of two segments, with a metering valve cap fitting over a metering valve body to adjust the apertures in the metering mechanism. Precise control is afforded both by a screw-type adjustment of aperture size and by a prevention of inadvertent readjustment of the metering mechanism caused by the device being bumped.

Abstract: A rotatable leaching solution distribution arm is carried on a central chamber member and disposed in a tank at an elevation above another rotatable arm also carried by the member for distribution of a washing solution into the tank. The leaching solution distribution arm has discrete conduits terminating in corresponding outlets along the arm together with flow control devices accessible externally of the tank for each conduit so that the flow from each outlet into the tank can be monitored and adjusted.

Abstract: A feeder device for controlled dissolution of a solid treating agent in a liquid of variable flow rate is designed such that the concentration of treating agent in the effluent liquid can be substantially constant, irrespective of the actual flow rate of the liquid. Further, the value of this concentration may be adjusted to varying levels and adapted to meet specific needs and requirements of the particular liquid system in which this feeder device may be employed. The constancy of concentration of the agent is obtained by the provision of a proportional weir, positioned in connection with a dissolution chamber, useful for maintaining a liquid volume in this dissolution chamber which can be linearly proportional to the flow rate of the liquid therethrough. In this liquid volume, dammed up by the weir, the solid treating agent, generally a substance containing hypochlorite, sulfite, sulphate or permanganate, can be present at least partly as a soluble solid.

Abstract: A chlorination system for distributing chlorine in a hot tub or spa. The system regulates the flow of water through a mixing chamber with a valve or stopcock to control the rate of chlorine distribution. An assembly of venturis and baffles also regulates the flow of water through the mixing chamber and controls the size of particles of chlorination tablets that will flow out of the chlorination system.

Abstract: A method of, and a device for, providing a disinfectant carried by a water supply flowing through a conduit, comprising introducing a predetermined portion of the water into a sealed container having a reservoir and a chamber below the reservoir in intercommunication therewith, the reservoir holding a quantity of iodine crystals and being of a predetermined size sufficient to hold a quantity of water proportional to the maximum flow rate attainable through the conduit and such that a minimum concentration of 120 parts per million (milligrams per liter) is obtainable as an outflow from the container when the supply of water is at least above freezing, the predetermined portion of the water being introduced into the chamber and outflowing from the reservoir above the iodine crystals whereby all said water portion passes between the iodine crystals. The device includes inlet means opening into the chamber and outlet means opening from the reservoir above the iodine crystals.

Abstract: A dispersion of polymeric particles in a non-aqueous liquid is mixed with water with sufficient agitation to initiate substantial dissolution of the particles into water and is substantially homogeneously dispersed into the water substantially immediately, for instance in less than 50 milliseconds from the initiation of substantial dissolution. Preferred apparatus is an orifice mixer having a mixing chamber 41 leading to an orifice 51 and supplied by an inlet 46 for dispersion, the inlet terminating in a valve 47 and an orifice 44, and an inlet 45 for water. The effective outlet area of the orifice 51 is adjusted by an eccentrically mounted aperture plate 52 and there is a shear helix 57.

Abstract: A degassing/brine tank, for use in a chlorine generator system for swimming pools, for providing a fresh saturated brine solution continuously to the electrolytic chlorine generator cells of the system and to minimize escape of chlorine gas circulating in the system. The tank, fabricated of synthetic plastic material, has a plurality of vertically separated chambers, including, at its lower end, coaxially arranged inner and outer brine pick-up chambers. The outer annular chamber, open at its lower end, communicates with a salt and water reservoir within which the tank is immersed and a filtered supply of the brine is received by the inner, lower chamber. A check valve coupled to this inner chamber controls the supply of the brine solution into a helical coil by which the saturated brine solution is furnished to the electrolytic chlorine cells.

Abstract: A device for dissolving and dispensing soluble compounds includes a base having a flow channel therethrough, and a housing secured to the base having a mixing chamber therein. The mixing chamber is adapted to contain dry solutes, and an open container within the chamber is adapted to hold liquid solutes. Water is admitted to the chamber from the flow channel, the water diffusing through a perforated dome member to mix with the dry solutes. A delivery tube extends from the dome member to the container to direct a jet of water therein for dissolving heavy liquid solutes. An outlet port extends from the chamber to the flow channel adjacent to the outlet end thereof, so that solutions formed within the chamber may be drawn into and mixed with the water moving through the flow channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to an open dissolving chamber for rock salt and to an apparatus for the production, free from vapors, of concentrated, aqueous sodium chloride crude brine by continuously dissolving rock salt in this dissolving chamber. The dissolving chamber contains a heap of rock salt with which the brine which is unsaturated in respect of salt comes into contact. The brine thereby becomes saturated with sodium chloride and then passes out of the dissolving chamber. In the present apparatus, the unsaturated brine enters at the base of the dissolving chamber. The saturated crude brine is removed from the rock salt through at least one vertical or inclined screen which largely holds back suspended rock salt particles. The liquid level of the saturated crude brine in the dissolving chamber should not reach the surface of the heap of rock salt, and the side of the screen facing the interior of the dissolving chamber should be completely covered with a mixture of saturated crude brine and rock salt.

Abstract: The granulation of molten material, blast furnace slag for example, is accomplished by wetting the slag with a stream of water and thereafter transporting the thus formed granules away from the point of granulation with the water stream. Water consumption is minimized and average grain size increased by employing a multi-layer water stream defined by currents having different temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: An apparatus for dissolving polydisperse ores comprises a cylindrical housing made up of two coaxial cylinders mounted one above the other, the relation between the diameters and the heights thereof being respectively 1.4-1.6 and 0.5-1.5, which ensures separation of ore particles of a (-1.5 to 0.75) mm size class. A hopper is mounted coaxially with the housing. The apparatus also contains devices for feeding a liquid phase, one of which is located in the lower portion of the housing, and another device, located over the housing's upper cylinder, is provided with nozzles facing the inner surface of the hopper walls. A device for the reduction of horizontal intermixing is made in the form of vertical inserts.The apparatus is also provided with a device for removal of the solid undissolved component, containing conical traps.

Abstract: A dispenser for dissolving a solid chemical into a flowing liquid includes a refillable cartridge that is held in a removable housing. A small amount of the liquid is diverted and is flowed upwardly through the chemical to dissolve same. The dissolved chemical is mixed with the rest of the liquid in an apertured protrusion that extends above a small liquid outlet hole in the top of the cartridge. The protrusion directs the liquid flow toward the liquid outlet opening of the dispenser.

Abstract: The pressurized chemical dispenser of the present invention is coupled to a conduit through which a supply of pressurized fluid is circulating. The system to which the invention is coupled must also include a device coupled in series with the conduit which creates a pressure differential across the input and output sides of the device such that the pressure on the input side exceeds the pressure on the output side. The chemical dispenser includes an offset cavity which is coupled to the conduit on the higher pressure side of the pressure differential device. A fluid tight reservoir stores a supply of fluid soluble chemical and includes an input and an output conduit. The input conduit has a first end which is coupled to the reservoir and a second end which is coupled to the offset cavity. The first end of the output conduit is coupled to the reservoir while a second end is coupled to the fluid conduit on the lower pressure side of the pressure differential device.

Abstract: Apparatus are described for continuously leaching ore, including the continuous addition of crushed ore to the top of a cylindrical columnar container. The ore passes downwardly through the container and is removed from the bottom of the container through a centrally disposed conduit by airlifting. A plurality of grids are spaced along the column and deflect, accelerate and turbulate the ore as it passes each of the grids. A washing liquid such as water is fed to the bottom of the column to displace leaching solutions from the ore prior to its removal from the column. Leaching reagents are continuously added through channels provided in the grids while the pregnant solution formed by the reaction of the leaching solutions to the ore is monitored through sampling intakes mounted on the grids. A deflection cone is positioned near the bottom of the column to cause the descent of the crushed ore in the column to be uniform across the width of the column.

Abstract: An apparatus for extraction of vegetable oil from vegetable solids, by treatment thereof with solvents, comprises a vessel separated into an upper zone and lower zones by means of a movable perforated plate, upon which the vegetable solids material for extraction can be supported. Suitable solvent is fed into the bed of vegetable material, and percolated therethrough, to extract the oil, the solvent and oil passing downwardly through the perforated plates to collect in a lower zone of the vessel. Another lower zone of the vessel is adapted to receive the treated vegetable solids after the solvent extraction process, this lower zone being provided with movable cover plates, so that solvent and oil does not fall into this vegetable solids receiving zone.

Abstract: A dissolver for dissolving nuclear fuel materials out of fuel element segments during reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuels, the dissolver being made of a material which is a neutron absorber and being composed of a dissolving vessel and a dissolving basket disposed in the vessel to receive such fuel element segments and to permit flow of dissolving fluid therethrough, with the basket being divided into a plurality of individual sections or compartments so as to prevent establishment of a critical state in the dissolver.

Abstract: An improved salt dissolver for producing a uniform supply of a concentrated salt solution incorporating a novel filter and collector manifold assembly adjacent to the base of a tank adapted to be filled with bulk quantities of a soluble salt compound. The filter and collector manifold arrangement provides for high solution flow rate and facilitates replacement of the tubular filter element as may be required or desired from time to time.

Abstract: Solid cast detergent-containing articles are produced for use in automatic washing machines. A liquid detergent composition is cast into a mold where it is allowed to solidify. The solid cast detergent, surrounded on all but its upper surface by the mold, is used in automatic washing machines having a dispensing device designed to dispense a liquid aqueous detergent formed from the solid cast detergent using an impinging liquid spray. The liquid aqueous detergent flows out of the dispensing device generally simultaneously with its formation in the dispenser. The cast detergent composition includes an alkaline hydratable chemical and optionally further includes one or more preformed cores or plugs comprising an available chlorine source, a defoamer, or the like.

Abstract: Solid cast detergent-containing articles are produced for use in automatic washing machines. A liquid detergent composition is cast into a mold where it is allowed to solidify. The solid cast detergent, surrounded on all but its upper surface by the mold, is used in automatic washing machines having a dispensing device designed to dispense a liquid aqueous detergent formed from the solid cast detergent using an impinging liquid spray. The liquid aqueous detergent flows out of the dispensing device generally simultaneously with its formation in the dispenser. The cast detergent composition includes an alkaline hydratable chemical and optionally further includes one or more preformed cores or plugs comprising an available chlorine source, a defoamer, or the like.