Abstract: The invention is concerned with a process of removing cadmium from acid, especially P.sub.2 O.sub.5 -containing solutions by liquid/liquid extraction with the aid of alkyl amine salts that are dissolved in an inert, organic solvent. The cadmium ions are removed from the acid, aqueous phase and are enriched in the organic phase. The cadmium-containing organic phase, subsequently, is re-extracted with an aqueous salt solution, with the cadmium ions migrating from the organic phase into the aqueous phase. The process is particularly suitable for extracting cadmium from concentrated, highly acid aqueous solutions.

Abstract: A process for the separation of heavy metal components, especially of compounds of cadmium, mercury and lead, from crude phosphoric acid obtained according to the Odda process, which comprises adjusting this crude phosphoric acid with ammonia to a pH of from 0.5 to 1.5, contacting it subsequently with a diorganyl-dithiophosphorus compound and an adsorbent, and then separating the acid from the absorbent containing the heavy metal impurities.

Abstract: In the roasting (oxidation) of mixed zinc sulphide/lead sulphide concentrates, to give an oxidic product for reduction, improved sulphur elimination and reduced lead volatilization are achieved by mixing 2-20% by weight of zinc oxide with the mixed sulphide materials, forming pellets of 2-15 mm diameter and roasting these under controlled oxidation conditions, firstly at a lower temperature and then at a higher temperature; preferably at 850.degree.-950.degree. C. for the first stage and at 950.degree.-1050.degree. C. for the last stage.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for removing heavy metal ions and arsenic from wet-processed phosphoric acid, wherein the crude wet-processed phosphoric acid is treated at temperatures between 10.degree. and 100.degree. C. initially with a diorganyldithiosphosphoric acid ester and then with an adsorbent, and the phoshoric acid so purified is separated from the ester and adsorbent. More particularly, the wet-processed phosphoric acid is treated with the diorganyldithiophosphoric acid ester at temperatures higher than 50.degree. C. and with the adsorbent at temperatures lower than 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Selective extraction of zinc from chloride solutions which contain iron, copper and zinc, where the zinc is extracted in organic phase by means of tri-n-butylphosphate in an organic solvent. The extraction is carried out on chloride solutions in which the lead contents is possibly lowered and where the copper contents is maximum 50 grams per liter higher copper concentration being reduced for instance by electrolysis in diaphragm cell. The zinc containing organic phase is washed, and zinc back-extracted and conducted to a diaphragm cell for electrolysis of zinc, the used electrolyte being returned to the back-extraction step. The raffinate from the zinc extraction is used for repeated leaching of metals after preceding reoxidation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to process for removing heavy metal ions, especially cadmium, copper, lead and mercury ions from wet-processed phosphoric acid. To this end, the crude acid is contacted with a mixture consisting of an adsorbent and a diorganyldithiophosphoric acid ester or, after treatment with the ester, the acid is contacted with the adsorbent alone, and the purified phosphoric acid is ultimately separated from the ester and adsorbent.

Abstract: A novel process for the selective removal of cadmium ions from aqueous media such as sewage by contacting the aqueous media with an effective amount of at least one water-insoluble organic polysulfide compound to selectively remove the cadmium ions and separating the polysulfide compounds.

Abstract: Selective extraction of zinc from chloride solutions which contain iron, copper and zinc, where the zinc is extracted in organic phase by means of tri-n-butylphosphate in an organic solvent. The extraction is carried out on chloride solutions in which the lead contents is possibly lowered and where the copper contents is maximum 50 grams per liter higher copper concentration being reduced for instance by electrolysis in diaphragm cell. The zinc containing organic phase is washed, and zinc back-extracted and conducted to a diaphragm cell for electrolysis of zinc, the used electrolyte being returned to the back-extraction step. The raffinate from the zinc extraction is used for repeated leaching of metals after preceding reoxidation.

Abstract: A method for preparing a .sup.195m Au-containing liquid is provided. In the method, .sup.195m Hg is adsorbed on an adsorption agent and then the daughter radioisotope .sup.195m Au is eluted from the adsorption agent with an eluant containing a gold-complexing agent. The adsorption agent comprises a mercury ion-binding material having a substantially stronger adsorption affinity for mercury ions than for gold ions.Also disclosed are a radioisotope generator capable of producing a .sup.195m Au-containing liquid and a process for conducting a radiodiagnostic examination on a warm-blooded animal using a .sup.195m Au-containing liquid.

Abstract: The phenolic chelate resin has a chelate-forming group wherein part or all of the hydrogen atoms in a primary and/or secondary alkylamino group introduced in a phenol nucleus are replaced by a methylenephosphonate group. Also disclosed is a process for producing such a chelate resin, and a method for recovering heavy metal ions with such a resin. The resin has particularly high selectivity for adsorbing uranium ions, as well as high heat, acid and alkali resistance as well as dimensional stability. The resin is very effective for recovering uranium from various uranium-containing solutions such as sea water, crude phosphoric acid fertilizer solutions, low-grade uranium ore, waste water from uranium refining, and uranium mine water.

Abstract: A modified liquid-liquid extraction system is disclosed in which a particulate solid and a liquid, both insoluble in a second liquid, are mixed to form agglomerate particles which efficiently extract metal ions from dilute solutions. The extraction is rapid and requires a much lower volume of extracting phase for good contacting than conventional liquid-liquid extraction. Mixing energy is low, clean-up of effluent water is easily accomplished and metal values are readily stripped from the agglomerates by well-known techniques, such as treatment by aqueous acid solution.

Abstract: Crystalline transition metal aluminates conforming generally to the formulaMA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere M is a transition metal having a valence charge of +2 selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, where AZ represents negative valence ions or radicals, v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3, n is a value to provide a mol ratio of Al/M of at least 1/1, preferably at least 1.5/1, and m is an integer of from zero to the maximum for waters of hydration, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, are prepared in alkaline aqueous medium wherein transition metal compounds are caused to form adducts with amorphous hydrous alumina, Al(OH).sub.3, said adducts forming crystals when heated, said aluminates being useful, e.g., as ion exchangers and as spinel precursors among other things.

Abstract: The phenolic chelate resin has a chelate-forming group wherein part or all of the hydrogen atoms in a primary and/or secondary alkylamino group introduced in a phenol nucleus are replaced by a methylenephosphonate group. Also disclosed is a process for producing such a chelate resin, and a method for recovering heavy metal ions with such a resin. The resin has particularly high selectivity for adsorbing uranium ions, as well as high heat, acid and alkali resistance as well as dimensional stability. The resin is very effective for recovering uranium from various uranium-containing solutions such as sea water, crude phosphoric acid fertilizer solutions, lowgrade uranium ore, waste water from uranium refining, and uranium mine water.

Abstract: In the removal of chromium and zinc, the combination of an anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin in a single vessel, the anion exchange resin being selective of chromium in its chromate and dichromate ionic forms, and the cation exchange resin being an intermediate acid cation exchange resin with a phosphonic acid functional group on a cross-linked polystyrene matrix, having the repeating structural formula: ##STR1## selective of zinc in its ionic form, said single vessel, having distributors selected from the group of inlet distributors, regenerant distributors, subsurface washers, collectors, disposed therein, and inlets and outlets for the addition or removal of effluent, water and regenerant.

Abstract: An extraction process is described for the selective separation of metal ions belonging to the group Cu and Co, in aqueous solution of Cu- and Co-ions, wherein there is used as the extraction medium one or more unsaturated fatty acids, optionally in solution and/or in admixture with saturated fatty acids and an aliphatic oxime.

Abstract: A method of leaching of metal sulphide-containing material is disclosed. The metal sulphides can be iron, copper, lead, silver, mercury and/or zinc. The leaching is effected by means of chloride-containing solutions through red-ox reaction. The metal sulphide-containing material is reacted with a solution which consists chiefly of cupric chloride and ferric chloride.

Abstract: A method for removing mercury from a sulfuric acid solution including the steps of mixing the sulfuric acid solution with a hydrocarbon solution to form a chemical complex containing mercury. The hydrocarbon solution typically contains a lower alcohol and a halogen component. The mercury complex is removed by the addition of activated carbon and subsequent filtration. Alternatively, solvent extraction, volatilization or other suitable separation techniques can be used.

Abstract: Crystalline transition metal aluminates conforming generally to the formulaMA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere M is a transition metal having a valence charge of +2 selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, where AZ represents negative valence ions or radicals, v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3, n is a value to provide a mol ratio of Al/M of at least 1/1, preferably at least 1.5/1, and m is an integer of from zero to the maximum for waters of hydration, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, are prepared in alkaline aqueous medium wherein transition metal compounds are caused to form adducts with amorphous hydrous alumina, Al(OH).sub.3, said adducts forming crystals when heated, said aluminates being useful, e.g., as ion exchangers and as spinel precursors among other things.

Abstract: According to the invention a process is proposed for purifying low-melting metals from impurities, residing in that a melt of a low-melting metal is treated with an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid or an alkali in the presence of organic compounds with ionogenic groupings.The proposed invention enhances the purity degree of the low-melting metal being purified and at the same time reduces the losses thereof.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from aqueous media containing metal in solution, and especially from industrial waste water. The process includes the steps of contacting the aqueous medium with fungus for a period of time sufficient to allow the fungus to extract metal in a water-insoluble form from the solution. The metal may then be recovered from the fungus. Fungi of the species Cladosporium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Black Mycelium and Aureobasidium, have been found to be particularly useful in the process of the present invention. The process is useful, both as a water purification process and as a metals recovery process.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of valuable metals or their compounds from an aqueous medium, such as a metals refinery process waste solution. Metals are recovered in water-insoluble form from aqueous solutions of metal salts by contacting the aqueous solution with a killed fungus of the type commonly called molds for a period of time sufficient to convert soluble metal components in the aqueous solution to a water insoluble form sequestered by the dead fungus. After treatment, metals-containing fungus is separated from the treated aqueous medium and processed for the recovery of metal values.

Abstract: Indium is recovered effectively from an aqueous leached solution containing indium ions, together with other ions such as ferric ions, zinc ions, etc. if any, by adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution to 0.25-4.5, extracting the indium ions from the aqueous solution with an organic solvent solution formed by diluting an extraction reagent containing a monoalkylphosphoric acid and/or a dialkylphosphoric acid and a trialkylphosphoric acid in 1:2-5 by volume ratio with a phase-stabilizing water-immiscible organic solvent and then back-extracting the indium ions in the organic solvent solution with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution.

Abstract: A process for the separation of metals in which a mixture of metal derivatives is converted into anion complexes by means of a complexing anion such as, for example, a halide, thiocyanate, sulphate, nitrate, or the like said anion complexes are bound to a solid, non-soluble polymer, containing oxygen bonded to carbon which is converted into a polyoxonium compound by means of the complexing liquid medium used. The complexes are separated by selective absorption and/or elution over the polymer using suited H.sup.+ ion concentrations and/or complexing anion concentrations.

Abstract: Platinum, palladium and other precious metals are recovered from aqueous media containing precious metal ions in solution by contacting the metal-containing solution with a proteinaceous material selected from the group consisting of feathers, hair, hoof meal and horn meal to collect the metals in concentrated insoluble form, and recovering metal from the proteinaceous material.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for extracting zinc from a sulphur- and zinc-containing ore which involves (a) leaching the sulphur ore or concentrate with an aqueous solution of cupric chloride, which can be regenerated by means of a regenerating agent and air; (b) subjecting the solution thus obtained to liquid-liquid extraction by means of an organic phase, preferably containing a solvent, comprising an acid organophosphorus compound; and (c) recovering the zinc contained in the said organic phase after the said extraction, preferably by elution. If justified by the composition of the ore, the following optional recovery steps may then be performed:(1) if lead is present, recovery of lead by cementation (i.e., precipitation) or by crystallization of lead dichloride followed by cementation of the crystallizate;(2) if copper is present, recovery of copper by cementation or by liquid-liquid extraction; and(3) if precious metals, e.g.

Abstract: Metal values, such as iron, may be stripped from an organic liquid medium loaded with metal ions by a process which comprises contacting the organic medium with an aqueous phase at a contact temperature which is sufficiently high to cause the metal values to precipitate as metal oxide, hydroxide or hydrate (or a mixture thereof) in the presence of the organic medium.

Abstract: A chelate resin produced by reacting (A) a resin having one or more primary and/or secondary amino groups in the molecule with (B) a polyfunctional compound having at least two reactive groups with amine and (C) an amino compound having one or more primary and/or secondary amino groups, or with a reaction product of said (B) polyfunctional compound and said (C) amino compound, shows excellent heavy metal collecting ability without being influenced by other coexisting ions.

Abstract: A cobaltic oxide hydrate is mixed with spent sulfate electrolyte and the slurry is sparged with air to liberate any entrained chloride ions as gaseous chlorine. Thereafter a reducing agent is used to enable dissolution of the cobalt and obtaining of a chloride-free solution from which, after purification, cobalt can be electrowon.

Abstract: Metal sulphide ore is leached by water under a low pressure and oxidizing atmosphere to dissolve zinc and copper, hydrolyze iron to hematite, and leave lead and precious metals as insoluble sulphates. The residue is leached by sodium chloride and calcium chloride to dissolve lead and the precious metals.

Abstract: A process for the production of a sulphidic copper concentrate from a complex sulphidic concentrate containing as its main constituents copper, iron and at least one non-ferrous metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, lead, nickel and cobalt, comprising mixing the complex sulphidic concentrate with a copper-containing predominantly chloridic solution thereby to form a suspension, and treating the suspension thus obtained at elevated temperature and pressure at a pH-value of below 3, thereby to form a sulphidic copper concentrate, thereby the non-ferrous metals being extracted from the concentrate without formation of significant amount of acid. Precious metals may also be present. Advantageously the ratio by weight of the complex concentrate added to the copper-containing predominantly chloridic solution to the copper content of the solution is such that the predominantly chloridic solution after being at least partly freed from copper by an exchange reaction has a potential at 60.degree. C.

Abstract: To a coal-fired furnace that uses electrostatic precipitation or a mechanical collector to collect fly ash, a mix of magnesia-alumina or magnesia-talc is added above the fireball (2600.degree.-3300.degree. F.). The additive increases the mean particle size of the fly ash and reduces its surface resistivity, thereby causing improved collection in the electrostatic precipitators or mechanical collector. Fine particulates containing heavy metals tend to be agglomerated; thus the invention permits recovery of substantial amounts of heavy metal contaminants that would otherwise be lost as stack emission.

Abstract: Improved solvent-extractants for the selective recovery of metal values from acidic aqueous media comprise solutions of 5-alkylbenzotriazoles in water-immiscible organic solvents. Extraction efficiency is enhanced by addition to the solvent-extractant of alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids, alkyl phosphoric acids or carboxylic acids. Especially important applications for the improved solvent-extractants are in the recovery of copper (II) from cobalt (II), copper (II) from nickel (II), copper (II) from iron (III), copper (II) from zinc (II), nickel (II) from cobalt (II), nickel (II) from zinc (II), nickel (II) from iron (III), iron (III) from magnesium (II), and cobalt (II) from zinc (II).

Abstract: Certain sulfonamidothiadiazoles, metal complexes thereof and solutions of said compounds in essentially water-immiscible, liquid hydrocarbon solvents are disclosed. The sulfonamidothiadiazoles have the general structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R and A are as defined in the specification and claims hereof. Particular metal values are recovered from their aqueous solutions by using sulfonamidothiadiazoles dissolved in essentially water-immiscible, liquid hydrocarbon solvents. The extraction process involves contacting the metal value containing aqueous solution with the solution of the sulfonamidothiadiazole in essentially water-immiscible, liquid hydrocarbon solvent and stripping the metal from the loaded organic phase.

Abstract: A method for processing a hydroxide sludge residue to separate and recover the nonferrous metal values therefrom including the steps of(1) concentrating the residue and acidifying and heating the concentrated residue to produce a solution containing the nonferrous metal values;(2) removing the copper from the solution by liquid-liquid extraction;(3) separating the chromium, aluminum, residual portions of iron, as well as the remaining calcium from the copper-free solution by high temperature pressure hydrolysis to obtain the metals as the hydrated oxides or basic sulfates;(4) removing zinc and nickel from the remaining solution by liquid-liquid extraction;(5) processing the individual nonferrous metal fractions to isolate and recover the metal values in a conventional manner.By using this process, the nonferrous metal values can be easily separated in a relatively high state of purity from the hydroxide sludge wastes.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is a process for selectively separating and recovering cobalt by liquid-liquid extraction from an aqueous solution containing cobalt such as those obtained by leaching a cobalt-containing ore with an acid by utilizing an organic solvent containing an alkyl ester of alkylphosphonic acid as the extractant.

Abstract: Certain sulfonamidophenols, metal complexes thereof and solutions of said compounds in essentially water-immiscible, liquid hydrocarbon solvents are disclosed. The sulfonamidophenols have the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification and claims hereof. Particular metal values are recovered from their aqueous solutions by using sulfonamidophenols dissolved in essentially water-immiscible liquid hydrocarbon solvents. The extraction process involves contacting the metal value containing aqueous solution with the solution of sulfonamidophenol in essentially water-immiscible liquid hydrocarbon solvent and stripping the metal values from the loaded organic phase.

Abstract: A process for recovering heavy metal ions or heavy metal ions and halogen values from a solution comprising a lower aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, which comprises the steps of:(1) contacting a lower aliphatic carboxylic acid solution containing heavy metal ions or heavy metal ions and halogen values with an anion exchange resin, at least 60% of the ion-exchange groups of said anion exchange resin being in the bromide or chloride state, while the water concentration in the lower aliphatic monocarboxylic acid solution has been adjusted to a level lower than 20% by weight, thereby to adsorb the heavy metal ions or the heavy metal ions and the halogen values on the anion exchange resin; and(2) desorbing the adsorbed heavy metal ions or the adsorbed heavy metal ions and the adsorbed halogen values from the anion exchange resin by elution with an eluent.

Abstract: A process for extracting metal values from aqueous solutions of metal salts which comprises the steps of contacting the aqueous solution with a solution in a water-immiscible organic solvent of one or more o-hydroxyaryloximes containing at least 3 aliphatic or alicyclic carbon atoms and which are strong metal extractants and one or more alkylphenols optionally containing one chlorine atom or one cyano group, separating from the aqueous phase the solvent phase containing metal in the form of a complex with the o-hydroxyaryloxime contacting the solvent phase with an aqueous mineral acid, and separating the solvent phase from the aqueous phase containing metal in the form of a salt with the mineral acid.

Abstract: A liquid-liquid extraction process is disclosed, in which an aqueous solution, containing metal ions, is contacted with an organic liquid substantially insoluble in water. The organic liquid contains two water-insoluble reagents, viz. a diester of dithiophosphoric acid and an organic phosphate, in a preferred volume ratio of between 1:10 and 2:1. The organic liquid may also contain a diluent for the reagents.

Abstract: Aqueous nickel chloride solutions containing such impurities as copper, iron, and zinc, and optionally, cobalt, and having an acid concentration ranging from about 0.2 N to 4 N HCl together with a total chloride concentration of about 4 N to 11 N are purified of said impurities by solvent extraction with an organic extractant of essentially tributyl phosphate (TBP) dissolved in a water-immiscible organic solvent, the solvent extraction being carried out at a selected concentration of TBP and a selected volume ratio of organic to the aqueous solution effective to produce a nickel raffinate substantially impoverished in said impurities.

Abstract: Multivalent heavy metal ions are removed from metal plating waste streams by passing them through an unexpanded vermiculite cation exchange column. The column is effective to remove copper, zinc, and nickel ions and mixtures thereof. Where cyanide and cyanide-metal complexes are also present in the plating waste stream, the stream is pretreated to destroy the cyanide and cyanide complexes prior to passage through the ion exchange column.

Abstract: The invention relates to the re-extraction of a metal from an organic extraction solution in which the metal is present as a metal chloride complex bonded to an extractant. The organic extraction solution is contacted with an aqueous solution, to transfer metal ions and chloride ions to the aqueous solution. Sulphuric acid is added to the aqueous solution, which is subsequently heated to drive off hydrogen chloride and water. Metal sulphate is removed from the acidified aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for the removal of heavy metals uranium and transition metals other than noble transition metals from solution by contacting the solution with the product obtained by reacting an inorganic solid eg. silica gel containing surface hydroxyl groups with a silicon compound of defined formula containing a free thiol group or a free amino group and either an --OR group or a halogen atom under conditions which effect reaction between the hydroxyl group and the --OR group or halogen atom thereby bonding the silicon compound to the inorganic solid.

Abstract: Process for extraction and separation of metals utilizing the advantages of liquid-liquid extraction with cation exchangers without requiring the equivalent addition of alkali. The process is based on a combination of leaching the metal-containing raw materials with an organic acid (cation exchanger) and a subsequent use of the formed metal cationic complex in a liquid-liquid extraction process. In the said extraction process, the organic solution of metal complexes is used to recover and separate metal ions from an aqueous solution of metal salts.

Abstract: An extraction process is described for the selective separation of bivalent metal ions belonging to the group Cu, Co, Ni and Zn in aqueous solution of Cu- and Ni-ions, Cu- and Zn-ions or Cu- and Co-ions, wherein there is used as the extraction medium one or more unsaturated fatty acids, optionally in solution and/or in admixture with saturated fatty acids and an aliphatic oxime.

Abstract: Mercury and copper ions may be removed very selectively from aqueous solutions by means of a metal-chelating resin consisting of a polymer produced by the condensation of a phenolic component comprising one or more phenols, formaldehyde, and a diamino component comprising one or more di-(secondary amino) compounds under neutral conditions. The resin is prepared by condensing approximately equimolar quantities of a phenolic component comprising one or more phenols, and a diamino component comprising one or more di-(secondary amino) compounds with approximately twice the molar quantity of formaldehyde under Mannich reaction conditions.

Abstract: The metal value separation efficiencies of alkyl aromatic sulfonic acid in solvent-extraction processes are enhanced by the addition to the solvent-extractant of a fused ring aromatic N-alkyl triazole and, optionally, an aliphatic .alpha.-hydroxy oxime. Especially important applications for the improved solvent-extractant are in the separation and recovery of copper from iron, cobalt from nickel, copper from cobalt, cobalt from zinc, nickel from zinc, zinc from iron, nickel from iron, copper from nickel, copper from iron and copper fron zinc.

Abstract: A method for treating nonferrous metal hydroxide sludge waste to separate and recover the nonferrous metals therein wherein the waste is first mixed with an alkali hydroxide or carbonate, dried, and then roasted and the water-insoluble residue in the roasted material is treated with sulfuric acid to produce an acid-insoluble residue and a sulfuric acid solution containing copper, aluminum and chromium and thereafter, separating the copper from this solution by liquid-liquid extraction and thereafter, separating the aluminium, chromium, zinc and nickel from the remaining solution by separate liquid-liquid extraction steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for eliminating mercury from industrial waste waters by means of extraction with solvents, which includes its treatment with an oxidant agent to pass the whole of the mercury to its state of valence Hg.sup.++, its subsequent treatment by direct contact with a reducer in order to eliminate the excess oxidant which otherwise would degrade the agent of extraction and with an organic solution that contains the agent that extracts the mercury and leaves it free from the latter for its evacuation into the environment, and regeneration of the agent of extraction by means of its treatment with an aqueous solution of chloride ions, the mercury being recovered in the form of an aqueous solution of mercuric chloride, relatively concentrated.

Abstract: Process for the removal of chromium and zinc corrosion inhibitor compounds from cooling tower blowdown streams, comprising contacting the water of said streams first with a weakly basic anion exchange resin and then with a weakly acidic cation exchange resin.