Halogenating Patents (Class 423/197)
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Patent number: 10399861Abstract: A method for the production of potassium sulphate comprising contacting an aqueous potassium- and sulphate-containing composition with magnesium chloride (MgCl2), thereby obtaining a composition comprising kainite; optionally concentrating the kainite from the composition; reacting the kainite with magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) and potassium sulphate (K2SO4) so as to convert the kainite into leonite (K2SO4.MgSO4.4H2O); optionally contacting the leonite with water to remove excess MgSO4; and contacting the leonite with water so as to leach the MgSO4, contained in the leonite, and to at least substantially selectively precipitate potassium sulphate (K2SO4). The method can be operated at higher temperatures, in particular, at temperatures above 35° C., and does not require a cooling step at 20 to 25° C. The method produces potassium sulphate with a low amount of chloride.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2016Date of Patent: September 3, 2019Assignee: YARA DALLOL BVInventors: Richard W. Chastain, Ingrid T. Buckhurst, Antoine Lefaivre, Thomas H. Neuman
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Patent number: 9136125Abstract: According to an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a substrate provided with a first region including an active element, the substrate including a second region containing boron with a density of 2×1020 cm?3 or more on a surface excluding the first region.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 2012Date of Patent: September 15, 2015Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventor: Atsushi Murakoshi
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Publication number: 20150010448Abstract: Although U.S. Pat. No. 8,182,784 teaches the recovery of potassium chloride from schoenite end liquor (SEL) using dipicrylamine as extractant, and consequently simplifies the recovery of sulphate of potash (SOP) from kainite mixed salt employing the scheme disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,041,268, the hazards associated with this extractant have thwarted practical utilization of the invention. Many other extractants for potash recovery have been disclosed in the prior art but none has been found suitable so far for practical exploitation. It is disclosed herein that the bitartrate ion, and particularly L-bitartrate, precipitates out potassium bitartrate very efficiently from SEL with ca. 90% utilization of the extractant. In contrast, recovery of potassium bi-tartrate from sea bittern directly is relatively much lower. It is further disclosed that this precipitate can be treated with magnesium hydroxide and magnesium chloride to throw out magnesium tartrate with ca.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 2, 2013Publication date: January 8, 2015Applicant: COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCHInventors: Pratyush Maiti, Pushpito K. Ghosh, Krishna K. Ghara, Jignesh Solanki, Harshad R. Brahmbhatt, Jatin R. Chunawala, Suresh Eringathodi, Parimal Paul
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Patent number: 8906117Abstract: Process for the combined regeneration of at least two soluble salts contained in a residue of an industrial process comprising heavy metals, comprising: adding an amount of reactive aqueous solution needed to completely dissolve the salts which are desired to be regenerated to the residue; subjecting the resulting aqueous suspension to a separation to obtain an aqueous production solution on the one hand and insoluble impurities on the other hand, which are removed; successively subjected the aqueous production solution to at least two selective crystallization steps intended to crystallize, separately, the at least two soluble salts which are desired to be regenerated, which are washed, dried and regenerated separately; and adjusting the concentration of at least one of the soluble salts to be regenerated in the aqueous production solution, at the moment when such solution is subjected to the step of crystallization of this salt, to give rise to the selective crystallization of this salt, by addition of a coType: GrantFiled: October 20, 2010Date of Patent: December 9, 2014Assignee: Solvay SAInventors: Jean-Marie Blondel, Pierluigi Cassaghi, Cedric Humblot
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Patent number: 8574610Abstract: An article or material is applied to the environment of the body of an animal (including humans) to provide both absorbency and antimicrobial activity. The article or material may comprise a water absorbent material; and a composition that reacts with water to produce molecular iodine. The composition provides a local concentration (in the water) of at least 10 parts per million iodine in water carried by the material (that is actual water supported by the water absorbent material) when the material has 5% by weight of water present in the water absorbent. The material may be a flowable material, or the article may be diaper, sanitary pad, bandage, adhesive pad or wrap for an animal.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2011Date of Patent: November 5, 2013Assignee: Biolargo Life Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Kenneth R. Code
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Patent number: 8273321Abstract: A three-step process for the preparation of analytical grade sodium chloride from rock salt was developed.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 2011Date of Patent: September 25, 2012Inventor: Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh
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Publication number: 20120168157Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making pure salt comprises recapturing post-drilling flowback water from hydro-fracturing; removing oil from the flowback water; filtering the flowback water using an ultra filter with a pore size of about 0.1 microns or less to remove solid particulates and large organic molecules, such as benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene, from the water; concentrating the flowback water to produce a brine that contains from about 15 wt % to about 40 wt % of salt relative to the total weight of the flowback brine; performing one or more chemical precipitation process using an effective amount of reagents to precipitate out the desired high quality commercial products, such as, barium sulfate, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate; and crystallizing the chemically treated and concentrated flowback brine to produce greater than 99.5% pure salt products, such as sodium and calcium chloride.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2012Publication date: July 5, 2012Applicant: FRACPURE HOLDINGS LLCInventors: Frank A. DiTommaso, Peter N. DiTommaso
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Publication number: 20110123420Abstract: A process for formulating high purity potassium chloride from a carnallite source. The process takes advantage of solubility differences and saturation levels in a multiple salt system generated upon dissolution of carnallite. In the system, the sodium chloride is kept in solution and the magnesium chloride present in the system is controlled to be in a concentration range of between 12% and 25% by weight. This avoids co-precipitation of sodium chloride with the potassium chloride during crystallization and therefore prevents the sodium chloride from contaminating the potassium chloride. The result is high grade potassium chloride.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 23, 2009Publication date: May 26, 2011Applicant: KARNALYTE RESOURCES INC.Inventor: Robin PHINNEY
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Patent number: 7858057Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the production of low sodium lithium carbonate and lithium chloride from a brine concentrated to about 6.0 wt % lithium are disclosed. Methods and apparatus for direct recovery of technical grade lithium chloride from the concentrated brine are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 2009Date of Patent: December 28, 2010Assignee: Chemetall Foote CorporationInventors: Daniel Alfred Boryta, Teresita Frianeza Kullberg, Anthony Michael Thurston
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Patent number: 7547426Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the production of low sodium lithium carbonate and lithium chloride from a brine concentrated to about 6.0 wt % lithium are disclosed. Methods and apparatus for direct recovery of technical grade lithium chloride from the concentrated brine are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 2008Date of Patent: June 16, 2009Assignee: Chemetall Foote CorporationInventors: Daniel Alfred Boryta, Teresita Frianeza Kullberg, Anthony Michael Thurston
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Patent number: 7449161Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the production of low sodium lithium carbonate and lithium chloride from a brine concentrated to about 6.0 wt % lithium are disclosed. Methods and apparatus for direct recovery of technical grade lithium chloride from the concentrated brine are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2007Date of Patent: November 11, 2008Assignee: Chemetall Foote CorporationInventors: Daniel Alfred Boryta, Teresita Frianeza Kullberg, Anthony Michael Thurston
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Patent number: 7041268Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel integrated process for the recovery of sulphate of potash (SOP) from sulphate rich bittern. The process requires bittern and lime as raw materials. Kainite type mixed salt is obtained by fractional crystallization of the bittern, and is converted to schoenite which is subsequently reacted with muriate of potash (MOP) for its conversion to SOP. End liquor from kainite to schoenite conversion (SEL) is desulphated and supplemented with MgCl2 using end bittern generated in the process of making carnallite. Decomposed carnallite liquor produced is reacted with hydrated lime for preparing CaCl2 solution and high purity Mg(OH)2 having low boron content. It is shown that the liquid streams containing potash are recycled in the process, and the recovery of potash in the form of SOP is quantitative.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2004Date of Patent: May 9, 2006Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Pushpito Kumar Ghosh, Kaushik Jethalal Langalia, Maheshkumar Ramniklal Gandhi, Rohit Harshadray Dave, Himanshu Labhshanker Joshi, Rajinder Nath Vohra, Vadakke Puthoor Mohandas, Sohan Lal Daga, Koushik Halder, Hasina Hajibhai Deraiya, Ramjibhai Devjibhai Rathod, Abdulhamid Usmanbhai Hamidani
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Patent number: 7037481Abstract: This invention relates to methods and installations for producing ultra pure sodium chloride salt crystals primarily for use in saturating depleted brine resulting from the electrolytic decomposition of saturated brine in chlor alkali membrane cells for the production of chlorine, caustic soda and hydrogen. More particularly, this invention relates to the production of ultra pure sodium chloride salt crystals by processing primary treated brine by first acidifying the primary treated brine, then stripping the carbonic acid produced by acidification as carbon dioxide, and then returning the brine to a pH of about 6 or higher which is sufficient for processing it in evaporation equipment where the ultra pure salt crystals are produced.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2002Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: United Brine Services Company, LLCInventor: Lawrence F. Becenel, Jr.
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Patent number: 6890509Abstract: A new process for recovery of Low Sodium Salt from bittern has been described in the present invention, the said process comprising desulphatation of bittern (by-product of salt industry), evaporation of bittern in solar pans and processing of solid mixture with water to produce a mixture of sodium and potassium chlorides and optionally preparing “free flowing” and iodized, by known techniques.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2002Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: Council of Scientific & Industrial ResearchInventors: Rajinder Nath Vohra, Pushpito Kumar Ghosh, Maheshkumar Ramniklal Gandhi, Himanshu Labhshanker Joshi, Hasina Hajibhai Deriya, Rohit Harshadray Dave, Koushik Halder, Kishorkumar Manmohandas Majeethia, Sohan Lal Daga, Vadakke Puthoor Mohandas, Rahul Jasvantrai Sanghavi
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Patent number: 6776972Abstract: A new process for recovery of common salt, potassium chloride, concentrated magnesium chloride with enriched bromide, and high purity magnesia from brine in an integrated manner, said process comprises preparation of calcium chloride by reaction of hydrochloric acid generated in the process with limestone, desulfatation of brine with calcium chloride, production of sodium chloride of superior quality in solar pans, solar evaporation of bittern thereby producing carnallite and end bittern, processing carnallite through established processes to produce potassium chloride, recovering end bittern containing highly concentrated magnesium chloride and enriched bromide and calcination of a part of the end bittern after solidification to produce high purity magnesia and hydrochloric acid utilizable in the process.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 2001Date of Patent: August 17, 2004Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Rajinder N. Vohra, Pushpito Kumar Ghosh, Vadakke Puthoor Mohandas, Himanshu Labhshanker Joshi, Hasina Hajibhai Deraiya, Rohit Harshadray Dave, Koushik Halder, Ran Bahadur Yadav, Sohan Lal Daga, Kishorkumar Manmohandas Majeethia, Upendra Padmakant Saraiya
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Patent number: 6610262Abstract: The invention describes a structure and a process for providing ESD semiconductor protection with reduced input capacitance. The structure consists of a heavily doped P+ contact area residing in an N well region on a P substrate and electrically connected to the input pad of active integrated field effect transistor devices. NFET devices with floating gates and drains to reduce capacitance are located in the substrate near the N-well. The NFET source elements as well as the substrate are connected to ground. The NFETs are isolated from the N-well and associate P+ contact area by shallow trench isolation (STI) structures that reduce the NFET drain to substrate and N-well to substrate junction boundary area with a subsequent reduction in the junction capacitance. A voltage pulse from an ESD event will cause the SCR structure and associated parasitic bipolar transistors to trigger providing a path to ground for the ESD current, thereby protecting the internal circuits from damage.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 2002Date of Patent: August 26, 2003Assignee: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Kuo-Reay Peng, Jian-Hsing Lee
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Patent number: 6524546Abstract: A new process for producing calcium chloride and other metal halides from the carbonates, bicarbonates, oxides of these metals. The process utilizes the discovery that hydrogen halides, when used in a true or conventional fluidizing medium in shallow beds of the aforementioned solids at moderately elevated temperatures in a continuous counter current process results in the conversion of the metal carbonates, bicarbonates, and oxides, into metal halides and carbon dioxide gas and/or water vapor. The process is carried out in a series of true or conventional fluidized beds preferable but not necessarily arranged in a vertical configuration so that the solids flow downward due to the fluidized process and the hydrogen halides flow counter currently in an upward direction producing metal halides at the bottom and pure carbon dioxide gas and/or water vapor at the top.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Inventors: William J. Rigby, Keith D. Cochran, Timothy G. Holt
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Patent number: 6409980Abstract: Process and apparatus for recovering magnesium from foundry sludge and cell bleed electrolytes includes structure and/or steps for: (i) dissolving, in a water slurry, soluble chloride compounds in the magnesium-containing material; (ii) acidifying the water slurry to between substantially pH 4 and substantially pH 6; (iii) further acidifying the water slurry to between substantially pH 1 and substantially pH 0, and providing a magnesium chloride solution; (iv) precipitating calcium from the magnesium chloride solution; (v) separating solids from the magnesium chloride solution; (vi) stripping SO2 from the magnesium chloride solution; and (vii) precipitating NaCl from the magnesium chloride solution to provide a concentrated magnesium chloride solution.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 2000Date of Patent: June 25, 2002Assignee: Noranda, Inc.Inventors: Carl W. White, Jean Guimont, Denys Pinard, Serge Monette
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Patent number: 6319482Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating fly ash/APC residues chlorides, sulphates, earth alkali metals selected from the group consisting of calcium, potassium, and sodium, and heavy metals selected from the group consisting of lead, which residues are obtained from air pollution control processes that utilize dry/semi-dry line injection, such that said residues may be disposed of as non-hazardous materials. The process comprises the sequential steps of: (a) washing and agitating the fly ash/APC residue (20) with water (50) to form a residue slurry containing solubilized lead salts and calcium chloride; (b) filtering (42) the residue slurry to remove a filtrate (46) having a pH of higher than about 11.8 and containing the solubilized lead salts and calcium chloride; and (c) recovering a first calcium enriched filter cake (44).Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1998Date of Patent: November 20, 2001Assignee: Apex Residue Recovery Inc.Inventors: Steven E. Sawell, Stephen A. Hetherington
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Patent number: 5348689Abstract: A process for destroying alkali metal and alkaline earth metal-containing wastes, such as sodium, by feeding such waste into a molten bath containing a molten salt such as sodium carbonate, or a mixture of salts having a lower melting point, such as a mixture of sodium carbonate and an alkali metal halide, e.g. sodium chloride, or mixtures of alkali metal chlorides, feeding a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen into the molten salt bath and reacting the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal such as sodium in the waste with the carbon dioxide and oxygen to form alkali metal carbonate, e.g. sodium carbonate, in the molten salt bath.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1993Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: Rockwell International CorporationInventors: Ricahard L. Gay, Jerold Guon, John C. Newcomb
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Patent number: 5227143Abstract: A process is disclosed for treating salt-containing aluminum dross to remove potassium and sodium chloride salts therefrom. The process generally comprises treating the dross in a first treating step with a leaching solution having a pH maintained in the range of about 6-7 to remove a portion of the salt content thereof; filtering the residual solids from the first leaching solution; and treating the filtered solids in a second treating step with a second leaching solution having a pH maintained above about 8, and preferably above about 9. The pH of the first leaching solution is maintained in the desired range by the addition of hydrochloric acid, and the pH of the second leaching solution is maintained in the desired range by the addition of potassium and/or sodium hydroxide.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1991Date of Patent: July 13, 1993Assignee: Aluminum Company of AmericaInventors: Donald L. Stewart, Jr., Jan H. L. vanLinden
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Patent number: 5221528Abstract: In a purification process for brine, impurities such as calcium, magnesium and/or sulphate are precipitated by the addition of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH).sub.2) and sodium carbonate (Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3). Following NaCl crystallization by evaporation of the brine, a mother liquor is obtained which still contains among others sulphate, potassium and bromide ions. Further concentration of this mother liquor by evaporation results in the precipitation of both NaCl and Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and a more strongly concentrated mother liquor with respect to both potassium and bromide remains. This concentrated mother liquor is drained off. Either the precipitated NaCl and Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 are dissolved in water or the Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 is dissolved in purified brine or crude brine and then returned to the brine purification process, thereby lowering both the potassium and bromide ion levels in the purified brine. As a consequence the contents of both potassium and bromide of the NaCl are reduced.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1991Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Akzo N.V.Inventor: Pieter Jongema
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Patent number: 4938934Abstract: A process for recovering purified cesium chloride from a cesium aluminum silicate ore in which the ore is digested with aqueous hydrochloric acid and the silica solids removed to obtain an aqueous acidic digest solution of metal chlorides consisting of cesium chloride together with other metal chlorides, by(a) evaporating water from the digest solution to obtain a solid mixture of metal chlorides, including cesium chloride and hydrated aluminum chloride;(b) heating solid phase mixture at a temperature effective for converting the hydrated aluminum chloride to aluminum oxide without decomposing the cesium chloride;(c) extracting the resulting solids with water to obtain an aqueous extract of cesium chloride; and(d) separating the residual solids containing the aluminum oxide to produce a purified extract of cesium chloride.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1989Date of Patent: July 3, 1990Assignee: Carus CorporationInventors: G. Chithambarathanu Pillai, Kenneth S. Pisarcyzk
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Patent number: 4777030Abstract: A process is described for the recovery of silicon from a reaction mixture comprising silicon and an alkali metal fluoride.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 1985Date of Patent: October 11, 1988Assignee: Enichem, S.p.A.Inventor: Kenneth M. Sancier
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Patent number: 4655828Abstract: Lithium metal is separated from lithium salts in spent torpedo boiler fuel by solubilizing said salts in a solution of a Lewis acid such as boron trifluoride in a polar solvent such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane followed by subsequent separation of the constituents of said mixture.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1985Date of Patent: April 7, 1987Assignee: The Garrett CorporationInventors: Stephen F. Yates, Kim L. Johnson
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Patent number: 4610722Abstract: A process is provided for hydrometallurgical processing of steel plant dusts containing cadmium, lead, zinc, and iron values, along with impurities such as chloride and fluoride salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium, etc. The first step in the process involves leaching the dust in a mixed sulfate-chloride medium that dissolves most of the zinc and cadmium. Any iron and aluminum dissolved in this step is precipitated by oxidation and neutralization. Zinc is recovered from the resulting solution by solvent extraction which provides a raffinate which is recycled to the leaching step with a bleed stream also provided for recovery of cadmium and removal of other impurities from the circuit. The lead sulfate residue from the leaching step is leached with caustic soda, and zinc dust is used to cement the lead out from the caustic solution, which then joins the main solution for zinc recovery.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1985Date of Patent: September 9, 1986Assignee: AMAX Inc.Inventors: Willem P. C. Duyvesteyn, Robert F. Hogsett
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Patent number: 4504092Abstract: In a treatment of carnallitic ores by treatment with a decomposition-brine containing amounts of MgCl.sub.2, KCl and NaCl suitable for precipitating artificial sylvinite in a solution of MgCl.sub.2 saturated in KCl and NaCl, the improvement of adding to said decomposition-brine a collector, e.g., a fatty amine acetate, for the flotation of KCl and a source of gas, preferably a gas-liberating additive such as H.sub.2 O.sub.2, so as to contact newly formed crystal nucleii of KCl selectively with said collector and to contact bubbles of said gas with said collector so as to form a froth enriched in KCl simultaneously with the decomposition of said carnallite, the process being particularly useful for treatment of underground carnallitic ore whereby the froth and brine are withdrawn at the surface, separated, and the brine, after make-up additions, is recycled to the ore formation.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1982Date of Patent: March 12, 1985Assignee: Mines de Potasse d'Alsace S.A.Inventors: Michel Bichara, Jean-Pierre Koensgen, Michel Bodu, Michel Meriaux, Jean-Pierre Zimmermann
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Patent number: 4323436Abstract: A purification of an aqueous solution of potassium chloride which is used for producing potassium hydroxide by an electrolysisin an electrolytic cell using a cation exchange membrane is carried out by incorporating an oxidizing reagent to remove additives as an anticaking reagent.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1980Date of Patent: April 6, 1982Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, Ltd.Inventors: Eiji Itoi, Takashi Nakayama, Makoto Nakao, Yukio Matsumura
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Patent number: 4196140Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering recoverable chlorine from chemical plant waste streams.An aqueous stream containing recoverable chlorine is reacted with an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, to form a slurry of solid particles of alkaline earth metal hydroxide, such as calcium hydroxide, suspended in a liquid. The calcium hydroxide is filtered or otherwise separated from the liquid. The liquid is admixed with an organic alcohol to form an organic-aqueous solution. A halogenating agent, such as chlorine, is reacted with the organic-aqueous solution to form a solution of organic hypochlorite in an organic phase and an aqueous phase.The solution of organic hypochlorite is phase separated to form aqueous and organic phases. The aqueous phase containing sodium chloride may be recycled for use as a reactant in a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1978Date of Patent: April 1, 1980Assignee: Olin CorporationInventor: Richard W. Lynch
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Patent number: 4192853Abstract: The method comprises processing slime and off-gases resulting from the production of phosphorus with an aqueous solution of copper sulphate having a concentration of from 15 to 50% at a temperature within the range of from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. As a result, two products are obtained, i.e. a liquid product and a solid one.The solid product containing mainly copper phosphide as well as fluorides and chlorides of alkali metals and silicon, and silicates of calcium and aluminum, is used as a modifying and refining agent for hypereutectic silumines and for the manufacture of a copper-phosphorus alloy.The liquid product containing phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid and copper sulphate is used as starting product for the preparation of a copper-containing fertilizer.The method according to the present invention makes it possible to modify the production of phosphorus so as to eliminate the formation of secondary wastes and improve the environmental control.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1978Date of Patent: March 11, 1980Inventors: Vasily B. Chernogorenko, Tleubai M. Alzhanov, Kima A. Lynchak, Simon V. Muchnik, Evgeny S. Ishkhanov, Vladimir Y. Sergienko, Vladimir G. Sapian, Vladimir M. Koverya, Mendel E. Pobortsev, Evgeny A. Markovsky, Valentina V. Dmitrenko, Vladimir I. Bykov, Alexandr D. Kipchakbaev, Alexandr N. Vopilov
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Patent number: 4180547Abstract: A continuous process for the recovery of chemicals in saline water including the steps of converting the sulfates in the saline water feed to sodium sulfate; separating and recovering in the oxide forms essentially all of the magnesium and calcium from the saline water feed; then preparing a sodium chloride fortified solution by mixing the feed with recycled sodium chloride; crystallizing and re-crystallizing and then separating sodium chloride crystals, preferably in two evaporative crystallization processes; stripping bromine from the sodium chloride depleted solution; crystallizing and then separating sodium chloride and sodium sulfate crystals from each other and then from solution; recycling the separated sodium chloride to the first sodium chloride crystallization step; separating residual sulfates from the solution; crystallizing and then separating sodium chloride crystals; recycling the separated sodium chloride to the first sodium chloride crystallization step; crystallizing and then separating potaType: GrantFiled: November 25, 1977Date of Patent: December 25, 1979Assignee: EcodyneInventor: Anthony N. Chirico
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Patent number: 4129642Abstract: Potassium sulfate is produced from a mixture of carnallite, potassium chloride, kieserite and residual quantities of less than 15% by weight of rock salt by treating the mixture at a temperature of 20.degree.-40.degree. C with potash magnesia liquor to form a slurry with at most 70 mole MgCl.sub.2 /1000 mole H.sub.2 O, whereafter the liquor portion of the slurry comprising a solution saturated with carnallite and rock salt is separated from the solid substance, which solid substance is then converted at temperatures of 75.degree.-110.degree. with a sulfate liquor, which contains 18-45 mole MgCl.sub.2 /1000 mole H.sub.2 O, into a mixture of langbeinite and potassium chloride, which mixture after separation from the liquor is treated at temperatures of 15.degree.-110.degree. C with a sulfate liquor containing 18-50 mole MgCl.sub.2 /1000 mole H.sub.2 O, whereupon the crystallizate is separated from the mother liquor and is converted with water to potassium sulfate.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 1977Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Assignee: Kali & Salz AGInventor: Ulrich Neitzel
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Patent number: 4031184Abstract: This invention relates to a process of reclaiming cement kiln dust and recovering the alkali content thereof which comprises leaching the cement kiln dust at elevated temperatures with an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, treating the leached slurry of cement kiln dust with a relatively small amount of oil and a fatty acid to flocculate, and preferably pelletize, the solids, in the aqueous phase, extracting the flocculated or pelletized dust from the aqueous phase, desirably lightly washing or rinsing the flocculated or pelletized material to still further reduce the alkali content, cooling the leaching solution to throw down or precipitate potassium chloride crystals by crystallization, and removing the crystallized material therefrom. The residual leaching solution, after removal of substantial amounts of potassium chloride crystals, is still saturated with potassium chloride in solution, and after reheating is available for recycling with additional cement kiln dust.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1976Date of Patent: June 21, 1977Assignee: Donald L. ChristensenInventor: Andrew T. McCord
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Patent number: 4020240Abstract: An electrolyte salt containing a clovoborate anion structure when employed in an electrochemical cell comprising an active metal anode and an electrolyte solvent/cathode depolarizer has the characteristics of high potential and current capabilities at low temperatures and resists anode passivation during long time storage even at elevated temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1975Date of Patent: April 26, 1977Assignee: P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc.Inventor: Carl R. Schlaikjer