Abstract: A method is provided for treating brine recovered from a coal seam gas operation. The process entails directing brine recovered from a coal seam gas operation to a mixed reactor and mixing an alkaline earth reagent with the brine. This results in the precipitation of alkaline earth salts and silica, which form alkaline earth salt crystals having silica adsorbed thereto. Thereafter, the alkaline earth salt crystals and adsorbed silica are directed to an evaporator that produces a concentrate having the alkaline earth salt crystals and adsorbed silica.

Abstract: The disclosure provides low-molecular-ratio cryolite for aluminum electrolytic industry, which consists of potassium cryolite and sodium cryolite with a mole ratio of 1:1˜1:3, wherein the molecular formula of the potassium cryolite is mKF.AlF3 and the molecular formula of the sodium cryolite is nNaF.AlF3, where m=1˜1.5 and n=1˜1.5. When the low-molecular-ratio cryolite provided by the disclosure is applied to the aluminum electrolytic industry, electrolytic temperature and power consumption can be reduced and electrolytic efficiency is improved.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an electrolyte supplement system in an aluminum electrolysis process, which includes low-molecular-ratio cryolite, wherein the low-molecular-ratio cryolite is selected from mKF.AlF3, nNaF.AlF3 or mixture thereof, where m=1˜1.5 and n=1˜1.5. When the electrolyte supplement system provided by the disclosure is applied to the aluminum electrolytic industry, electrolytic temperature can be reduced obviously in the aluminum electrolysis process without changing the existing electrolytic process; thus, power consumption is reduced, volatilization loss of fluoride is reduced and the comprehensive cost of production is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to lithium secondary batteries comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator and a lithium-based electrolyte carried in an aprotic solvent, and to the electrolyte compositions, and to methods for purifying battery active materials. The electrolyte comprises at least one solvent and a lithium salt of the formula: Li2B12FxH12-x-yZy where x+y is from 3 to 12, and x and y are independently from 0 to 12, and Z comprises at least one of Cl and Br.

Abstract: A sodium sulfite liquor is formed by reacting sodium carbonate with sulfur dioxide. A CO2 byproduct may be removed from the formed liquor by injecting a stripping gas (e.g., steam and/or air) into the liquor, either into a transfer pipe or into a tank that is vented; by increasing the liquor temperature; and/or by reducing the liquor pressure. The decarbonated sodium sulfite liquor with a reduced carbon dioxide content is introduced into a crystallizer connected to a circulation loop comprising a heater and/or a filter. Additional decarbonation by heating, stripping and/or depressurization of the liquor may be carried out in a circulation loop connected to the crystallizer. The condensing side of the heater may be vented. The flow rate of the circulation loop and/or heater temperature differences may be monitored. Additional CO2 may be vented from a holding tank to maintain circulation loop flows and heater temperature differences.

Abstract: A method for recovering at least one metallic element from ore or other material is described and includes reacting ore or other material with a salt capable of recovering the metallic element from the ore or other material to form a reaction product that includes the metallic element. The method also includes recovering the metallic element from the reaction product. To remove the metallic element from the reaction product, the method can involve crushing the reaction product to form a crushed material and dissolving the crushed material in a solvent to remove the precipitates, thereby leaving a sulfate solution containing the metallic element.

Abstract: An amorphous potassium aluminosilicate filtration media which may be mixed with activated carbon filters water to remove oxygen, chlorines, hardness, alkalinity, ammonia, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite and other contaminants. The particular sodium aluminosilicate is a porous amorphous material formed under ultraviolet light or sunlight to produce pore sizes of 60 Å to 250 Å at ambient temperatures (20° C.-35° C.) and low relative humidity (5%-20%). The media is initially formed as a microporous primarily amorphous gel containing Na2O, Al2O3, SiO2 and H2O. The sodium therein is displaced by potassium, whereby the filter removes impurities from water without introducing sodium. The potassium aluminosilicate may be a second stage filter to a first stage filter composed of a strong base anion media charged with potassium carbonate and/or bicarbonate.

Abstract: The process for preparing a cesium and rubidium salt-containing solution includes a hydrothermal digestion of an uncalcined pollucite and/or calcined lepidolite particulate having an average particle size up to 0.5 mm with an aqueous solution of Ca(OH).sub.2 in a suspension with a mole ratio of SiO.sub.2 to CaO of from 1:2.5 to 1:1.25 in a rotary tubular autoclave at a digestion temperature of 200 to 280.degree. C., under a pressure of from 15 to 65 bar and at a suspension density between 8 and 18% by weight for from 0.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for hydrogen peroxide vapor sterilization of medical instruments and similar devices make use of hydrogen peroxide vapor released from a substantially non-aqueous organic hydrogen peroxide complex, such as a urea-peroxide complex. Optionally, a plasma can be used in conjunction with the vapor. A method for preparing substantially non-aqueous hydrogen peroxide complexes is also provided. These complexes are useful as a source of peroxide vapor in hydrogen peroxide vapor sterilizers and as a component of self-sterilizing packaging materials.

Abstract: The method of making a high density saline cesium and rubidium solution includes comminuting uncalcined pollucite and/or calcined lepidolite to a grain size of less than 0.1 mm; combining the comminuted material in the presence of water with Ca(OH).sub.2 at a mol ratio of SiO.sub.2 to CaO of not less than 1:2; hydro-thermally decomposing at a temperature of 200.degree. to 280.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing crystals of anhydrous sodium sulfide, the process being characterized in that the process comprises the steps of heating crystals of polyhydrate of sodium sulfide under a pressure of about 500 torr or less at a temperature varying not more than .+-.about 10.degree. C. from the phase transition point between polyhydrate crystals and monohydrate crystals of sodium sulfide for about 2 hours or longer and further heating the monohydrate under atmospheric or reduced pressure at about 90.degree. to about 200.degree. C. for about 2 hours or longer.

Abstract: Hydrogel-bound aggregate lightweight building materials, such as blocks for use in replacement of lightweight concrete or extruded clay blocks, prepared by expanding and drying a foamable composition containing precursors for an alkali metal aluminosilicate hydrogel, fine grain particulate aggregates, and a viscosity-reducing agent sufficient to result in a starting slurry composition viscosity of less than 40,000 cps at a solids content of 70% by weight or greater.

Abstract: A process for recovering Platinum Group metals from material comprising one or more Platinum Group metals and one or more Group IA metals supported on carbon comprises heating at a temperature between 700.degree. C. and 1150.degree. C. in a stream of an inert gas or vacuum then in a stream of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a foamable, self-setting ceramic composition which can be poured into molds or injection-molded or extruded to achieve desired shapes, and thereafter fired to produce shaped, porous ceramic articles useful as filter elements, insulation, kiln furniture, molds furnace linings or other like articles, the composition containing agents capable of developing an aluminosilicate hydrogel and capable of generating gas to produce porosity within the hydrogel bound molded shape.

Abstract: Low mass kiln furniture for supporting ceramic ware during the firing thereof is provided having excellent thermal shock resistance and high temperature stability, the kiln furniture being comprised of a porous refractory ceramic body of low density prepared by the firing of a porous aluminosilicate-bound aggregate of refractory ceramic compounds, and wherein the ceramic body has on one or more of its surfaces a smooth skin in the form of an integral thin porous ceramic membrane layer.

Abstract: A process for recovering caustic alkali from spent alkali liquor, in which a spent alkali liquor and iron oxide are roasted to obtain a product containing alkali ferrate and the product of roasting is hydrolyzed at a temperature over 110.degree. C. and under pressurized conditions where liquid phase is retained, thereby recovering caustic alkali in the form of an aqueous solution of a concentration higher than approximately 15 wt% containing dissolved iron in an extremely small concentration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of potassium chloride and of magnesium chloride hexahydrate (bischoffite) from carnallite or from carnallite containing sodium chloride.The process comprises heating carnallite at a temperature of between above 70.degree. C. and above 167.5.degree. C. in the presence of added water at the above former temperature or without added water (but preventing evaporation of water) at the above latter temperature. Solid potassium chloride is then separated. In the residual brine, carnallite is precipitated by evaporation or by lowering the temperature, and it is recycled to the starting stage. The residual solution consists essentially of magnesium chloride which is recovered as bischoffite.