Abstract: A method of treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine as the exhaust gas passes through an exhaust gas pathway includes injecting reductant into the exhaust gas pathway with a reductant injector, filtering particulate matter from the exhaust gas with a first treatment element located downstream of the reductant injector, oxidizing soot on the first treatment element with ozone, and converting nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust gas with a second treatment element located downstream of the reductant injector.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods, processes, and systems for safely and reliably purifying hydrogen from a gas mixture containing hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: Method and system for the removal of nitrogen oxides, from flue gas at low temperatures.

Abstract: It is an objective of the present invention to provide a gas separation method by which a removal performance to remove a removal object gas component and a recovery rate to recover a recovery object gas component can be satisfied at the same time, and furthermore, a generation efficiency of a product gas can be improved. A raw material gas g0 is fed to one adsorption vessel 11 of an adsorbing device 10 and a permeated gas g1 is sent out. A pressure of the other the adsorption vessels 12 is made lower than a pressure during adsorption and a desorbed gas g2 is sent out. In accordance with an operating cycle of the adsorbing device 10 or according to a condition of the raw material gas g0 or the like, one of the permeated gas g1 and the desorbed gas g2 that has a lower concentration of a priority removal object gas component than the raw material gas g0 is provided as a return gas to the adsorbing device 10, the priority removal object gas component being a gas component to be preferentially removed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods, processes, and systems for safely and reliably purifying hydrogen from a gas mixture containing hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A built-in apparatus and method for treating air including a housing with an air inlet and an air outlet. An air mover positioned near the air outlet is configured to draw the air through the air inlet. The housing encloses an air treatment zone, such as including an oxidizing zone, and an ozone removal zone positioned downstream of the air treatment zone and oxidizing zone. The air treatment zone includes UV light and/or ozone that partially oxidizes the chemical contaminants in the air treatment zone. A catalyst in the oxidizing zone oxidizes elements within the air treatment zone. The ozone removal zone includes a second, different catalyst material. A UV bulb that may or may not generate ozone is positioned within or downstream of the first and/or second catalyst materials to assist catalyst oxidation and/or self-clean the apparatus.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction system comprises a CO2 production unit, a CO2 absorption unit, and a CO2 reduction unit. The CO2 reduction unit comprises a laminated body and an ion transfer pathway. The laminated body comprises an oxidation catalyst layer producing O2 and H+ by oxidizing H2O, a reduction catalyst layer producing carbon compounds by reducing CO2 absorbed by the CO2 absorption unit, and a semiconductor layer formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer and develops charge separation with light energy. The ion transfer pathways make ions move between the oxidation catalyst layer side and the reduction catalyst layer side.

Abstract: Methods of reducing oxygen in tire air chambers with an oxygen scavenger that contains diethylhydroxylamine are disclosed herein. Compositions including diethylhydroxylamine for reducing oxygen in tire air chambers are disclosed herein. Wheel assemblies including compositions containing diethylhydroxylamine for reducing oxygen in tire air chambers are disclosed herein.

Abstract: In a method for detecting carbon dioxide in an enclosed volume, a CO2 detection system is triggered to awaken from a deep sleep state. Once awake, the system queries system sensors to determine the current system parameters, including current CO2 level and temperature. Current and expected CO2 decay rates are calculated, and the system determines whether the current CO2 decay rate is within an expected normal range for an unoccupied enclosed volume. If the volume is static, i.e., not moving, and the CO2 rate is rising and the temperature is rising, a series of alerts are sent to contacts previously set up by the user. If the alerts are not cleared by a user, emergency management personnel are notified.

Abstract: A liquid having oxygen absorbing ability, comprising a cobalt-salen complex or a derivative thereof and an ionic liquid formed from an anion having an amine structure and a cation of an aliphatic quaternary phosphonium or ammonium having alkyl chains with each 2-20 carbon atoms, wherein the anion of the ionic liquid is coordinated to a cobalt ion of the cobalt-salen complex or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing oxygen from hydrocarbon-containing gas mixtures, characterized in that a hydrocarbon-containing gas mixture containing 50 vol % of one or more hydrocarbons, 2 to 10 vol % of oxygen, and possibly one or more gases from the group comprising nitrogen, noble gases, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water is introduced into an isothermally operated reactor, in which the oxygen contained in the hydrocarbon-containing gas mixture is at least partially converted into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of one or more catalysts, wherein the specifications in vol % relate to the total volume of the hydrocarbon-containing gas mixture introduced into the reactor and add up to 100 vol % in total.

Abstract: Method and system for system for controlling dispensing of laundry chemistry from a laundry chemistry dispenser to a washing machine to minimize use of the laundry chemistry. The method and the system comprise an ozone monitor for determining a current ozone concentration level in the washing machine at a time that the washing machine requires dispensing of the laundry chemistry from the laundry chemistry dispenser; a control panel being coupled to the ozone monitor for receiving a signal indicative of the currently determined ozone concentration level in the washing machine; and the control panel is coupled to the laundry chemistry dispenser for controlling a dispensing operation of the laundry chemistry from the laundry chemistry dispenser based upon the currently determined ozone concentration level in the washing machine. When the ozone concentration level is low, less laundry chemistry is dispensed while when the level is high, more laundry chemistry is dispensed.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing apparatus including a chamber, a build platform movable in the chamber such that layers of flowable material can be successively formed across the build platform, a unit for generating an energy beam for solidifying the flowable material, a scanning unit for directing the energy beam onto selected areas of each layer to solidify the material in the selected areas and a getter for absorbing oxygen, nitrogen and/or hydrogen from atmosphere in the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and systems for removing oxygen from at least one product stream of a hydrocarbon oxidative dehydrogenation process. More specifically, in some embodiments, the oxidative dehydrogenation process is an ethane oxidative dehydrogenation process for producing ethylene, or a mixed alkane oxidative dehydrogenation process for producing ethylene and propylene, among other components.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbons from a lean acid gas containing less than 20 mol.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates generally to a method for the removal of oxygen from hydrogen using a manganese, iron, nickel or cobalt based adsorbent. More specifically, the present subject matter relates to the methods for the removal of oxygen from hydrogen using a manganese based adsorbent without the generation of water or other oxides.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods and systems for removing oxygen from at least one product stream of a hydrocarbon oxidative dehydrogenation process. More specifically, in some embodiments, the oxidative dehydrogenation process is an ethane oxidative dehydrogenation process for producing ethylene.

Abstract: An integrated purification method and an integrated purification system for an industrial exhaust gas containing cyanides, hydrocarbons and NOx. The method comprises the steps of: 1) subjecting the exhaust gas containing pollutants such as cyanides, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides (NOx) to a gas-liquid separation device (1) to separate the free fluid, then mixing with the air blown by the air blower (201, 202), and preheating by the heating unit; 2) the mixture entering into the selective catalytic combustion (SCC) reactor (5) for the selective catalytic combustion reaction to convert harmful substances into CO2, H2O and N2, the catalysis being performed in two stages: the earlier stage is catalyzed by supported molecular sieve catalyst, and the latter stage is catalyzed by supported precious metal catalyst; and 3) the gas came out from the SCC reactor (5) entering into the heating unit to recover the heat, and then the purified exhaust gas being discharged directly through the chimney (6).

Abstract: A fuel conditioning apparatus for de-oxygenating a liquid hydrocarbon fuel has a catalyst portion which, in turn, has an inlet portion and an outlet portion. A hydrocarbon fuel stream is fed through the inlet portion and into the catalyst portion where it passes over a catalytically active component. The catalytically active component promotes the reaction of the fuel with the dissolved oxygen in the fuel stream, converting it into less chemically reactive forms and thereby reducing the fuel's propensity to form carbonaceous deposits.

Abstract: Electrokinetic devices and methods are described with the purpose of propelling a dielectric fluid medium, usually air, and optionally collecting assayable agents from the medium. Electrokinetic flow may be induced by the use of plasma generation at high voltage electrodes and consequent transport of charged particles in an electric voltage gradient. The generation of electrokinetic flow has the disadvantage that certain amounts of ozone may be formed in the process. Methods and devices are described herein where suitable catalysts can be combined with the electrokinetic device in such a way that ozone is effectively destroyed in the effluent flow without compromising the amount of flow.

Abstract: A graphene-based membrane, along with its methods of formation and use, is provided. The graphene membrane includes at least two graphene-oxide layers. Each graphene-oxide layer has a plurality of graphene-oxide flakes, with each graphene-oxide flake having a planar graphene structure with oxygen moieties extending therefrom. The graphene-based membrane can have a thickness of about 2 nm to about 20 nm. Such a graphene-based membrane can be utilized to remove ions from water.

Abstract: A method for reducing pollution in a cement kiln environment and a system for treating cement kiln exhaust gas are provided. The method includes the steps of: treating a cement kiln exhaust gas stream with a treating fluid, such as a water soluble alkaline-earth metal sulfide. In one application, the treating fluid is injected by spraying droplets into the cement kiln exhaust gas stream. A system for treating cement kiln exhaust gas includes a reagent containing a water soluble alkaline-earth metal sulfide in water, and a nozzle to spray the reagent into the cement kiln exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: A rotational machine such as a turbocompressor has a fluid recovery system for recovering leaked working fluid such as gaseous helium in a helium circuit which has leaked past a shaft seal, a purifier being provided for removing contaminants from the working fluid, and turbocompressor may have one fluid such as helium or hydrogen working through one turbo component such as a turbine thereof and a second working fluid such as air or helium working through a second turbo component such as a compressor thereof, the rotational machine being installable in an engine of a flying machine.

Abstract: A two catalyst system is described having separate catalyst beds for the selective conversion of acetylene to ethylene which reduces the concentration of acetylene, dienes, O2, and NOx is disclosed. An ethylene containing gas stream, such as an off-gas stream from a refinery catalytic cracking unit used in the production of fuels and gas oils, is treated by first contacting the gas stream with a silver catalyst supported on a metal oxide and subsequently contacting the gas stream with a ruthenium catalyst supported on metal oxide. The two catalysts are contained within contiguous continuous reactors or reactor compartments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an NO/N2 gaseous mixture, comprising the steps of effecting a purification of impure gaseous nitrogen containing impurities at least of the O2 type by putting the impure nitrogen in contact with a catalyst and then with a molecular sieve; mixing the pure nitrogen obtained with nitric oxide (NO), and obtaining a mixture formed from NO and pure nitrogen containing an NO content of less than 20% by volume and a proportion of impurities of the O2 type of less than 5 ppmv and of the H2O type of less than 40 ppmv. The NO/nitrogen mixture may undergo supplementary dilutions with pure nitrogen. Such NO/nitrogen mixtures can be used for treating, by inhalation, pulmonary vasoconstrictions in adults or children, in particular in new-born babies suffering from primitive pulmonary hypertension or in patients undergoing heart surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air cleaner for a vehicle. It is an object to provide a DOR system which can favorably suppress deterioration of a function of an ozone purifier containing ozone purifying catalyst and activated carbon. A core part of a radiator 14 includes a fin 20, an activated carbon layer 22, and an ozone purifying catalyst layer 24. The activated carbon layer 22 is made of activated carbon and a binder A for bonding the fin 20 and the activated carbon. The ozone purifying catalyst layer 24 is made of an organometallic complex and a binder B bonding the activated carbon layer 22 and the organometallic complex. The binder B used for the ozone purifying catalyst layer 24 has a larger specific surface area than that of the binder A used for the activated carbon layer 22.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide an atmosphere-cleaning device for vehicles that is capable of restoring the function of an ozone purifying body carried by a vehicle component. Mud, dust, snow-melting agents as well as SOx and NOx are scattered into the atmosphere as a result of being swirled up by a preceding vehicle or due to weather and climate conditions. When such extraneous substances adhere or the like to an ozone purifying body, the purification sites thereof are clogged and the ozone purification function deteriorates. Therefore, when a predetermined removal implementation condition is established, control is executed to inject cleaning liquid from an injector to enhance the fluidity of the extraneous substances and wash the extraneous substances away. The function of the ozone purifying body can thereby be restored.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air purification device for vehicles and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a DOR (Direct Ozone Reduction) system which suppresses deterioration in purifying function of the ozone purifier. Ozone purification rate of activated carbon correlates with probability that gas is contacted with the radiator. Also, wind velocity of the gas passing through a radiator correlates with car speed. Therefore, the ozone purification rate of the activated carbon correlates with the car speed, The grill shutter 22 is controlled in fully open condition when the car speed is within an area faster than Speed A shown in FIG. 6. When the car speed is slower than Speed A, the grill shutter 22 is controlled in closed condition as shown in FIG. 2 (A).

Abstract: A method of preparing carbon-coated cuprous oxide, including: (1) preparing a liquid polyacrylonitrile (LPAN) solution, stirring the LPAN solution to yield a cyclized polyacrylonitrile solution; (2) heating the cyclized LPAN solution to yield a thermally-oxidized polyacrylonitrile (OPAN); (3) mixing the thermally-oxidized polyacrylonitrile with a copper compound to yield a mixture, and adding to the mixture a hydrophilic solvent or a hydrophobic solvent, thus yielding a polyacrylonitrile coated copper compound; (4) drying the polyacrylonitrile coated copper compound in an oven until the solvent is evaporated completely and the polyacrylonitrile coated on the copper compound is crosslinked to form a solid, where yielding a carbonized precursor coated copper compound; and (5) calcining the carbonized precursor coated copper compound in the presence of an inert gas flow of between 10 and 500 mL/min.

Abstract: A cooling module, composed of at least one first and one second heat exchanger, are connected in a common frame or directly to one another, it being possible for cooling air to flow through both heat exchangers. The second heat exchanger has a greater structural depth than the first heat exchanger in the flow direction of the cooling air. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger have a catalytic coating and the second heat exchanger is composed of at least one first and one second partial heat exchanger which are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction of the cooling air and which are operatively connected to one another. By means of the configuration according to the invention, the largest possible catalytically active coating surface area is attained.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a chemical of interest in a fluid or estimating a concentration of the chemical in the fluid includes: a carrier configured to be conveyed through a borehole penetrating an earth formation; a first temperature sensor disposed at the carrier and configured to sense a temperature of the fluid and provide a first temperature output; and a second temperature sensor disposed at the carrier and covered with an exothermic reaction material that experiences an exothermic reaction when exposed to the chemical of interest and configured to sense a temperature and provide a second temperature output. The apparatus further includes a processor coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor and configured to detect the chemical or estimate the concentration using the first temperature output and the second temperature output.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: A system and method for air temperature control in an oxygen transport membrane based reactor is provided. The system and method involves introducing a specific quantity of cooling air or trim air in between stages in a multistage oxygen transport membrane based reactor or furnace to maintain generally consistent surface temperatures of the oxygen transport membrane elements and associated reactors. The associated reactors may include reforming reactors, boilers or process gas heaters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a carbon dioxide rich flue gas stream containing oxygen. The method includes heating the flue gas stream to a temperature suitable for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOX; and reducing at least some of the NOX in the heated flue gas stream to N2 by SCR. Heating of the flue gas stream includes removal of residual oxygen contained in the flue gas by catalytic oxidation of a suitable carburant. The present invention further relates to a gas processing unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane, comprising in this order a first catalyst layer, an electronically and ionically conducting layer having a nanosized microstructure, and a second catalyst layer, characterized in that the electronically and ionically conducting layer is formed from an electrolyte material, a grain growth inhibitor and/or grain boundary modifier, and a method for producing same.

Abstract: Systems and methods for removing impurities from a feed fluid in a single vessel. A method generally includes, in single vessel, contacting a feed fluid passing through the vessel with a copper-based material for removing oxygen from the feed fluid; and contacting the feed fluid passing through the vessel with an adsorbent for removing at least one of water, carbon dioxide, and oxygenated hydrocarbons from the feed fluid.

Abstract: A fuel system comprising a fuel tank, a catalytic inerting device for producing oxygen depleted air (ODA) by reaction of fuel vapor from the fuel tank with air, and a separator device for separating carbon dioxide from the ODA gas before feeding the carbon dioxide depleted ODA gas to the fuel tank so as to render the fuel tank ullage atmosphere inert. Also, a method of reducing the carbon dioxide content of oxygen depleted air (ODA) produced by a catalytic inerting device for inerting a fuel tank ullage atmosphere, the method comprising separating carbon dioxide from the ODA gas before feeding the carbon dioxide depleted ODA gas to the fuel tank. The system may be installed in an aircraft.

Abstract: A method for flue gas treatment includes branching part of a flue gas stream emitted from a gas turbine from an upstream side or a downstream side of an exhaust heat recovery boiler and subjecting the branched part to combustion with a fuel in an auxiliary boiler so as to increase carbon dioxide concentration in the branched part prior to recombining the flue gas stream from the auxiliary boiler with the remaining part of the flue gas stream from the gas turbine to form a combined flue gas stream having a carbon dioxide concentration for efficient recovery in a carbon dioxide recovery apparatus.

Abstract: The oxygen absorber of the present invention contains gallic acid and a transition metal compound; in addition, it may contain an alkali carbonate whereby the oxygen absorbent provides safety and the same oxygen absorption capability as the oxygen absorber using iron powder.

Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks of the family M2 (2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) wherein M=Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni or Zn are a group of porous crystalline materials formed of metal cations or clusters joined by multitopic organic linkers that can be used to isolate individual gases from a stream of combined gases. This group of adsorbant materials incorporates a high density of coordinatively-unsaturated MII centers lining the pore surfaces. These adsorbents are particularly suited for selective carbon dioxide/monoxide adsorption via pressure swing adsorption near temperatures of 313 K since they selectively adsorb carbon dioxide at high pressures in the presence of hydrogen, and desorb carbon dioxide upon a pressure decrease. The redox-active FeII centers in Fe2(dobdc) can be used for the separation of O2 from N2 and other separations based on selective, reversible electron transfer reactions.

Abstract: A process for process for reducing one or more of corrosion, fouling, solvent degradation, or zeolite degradation in a process unit is described. The process includes introducing the hydrocarbon feedstream containing oxygen to an adsorbent bed containing copper and reacting the oxygen with the copper to form copper oxide and a reduced oxygen feedstream, and introducing the reduced oxygen feedstream into the process unit. A process for reducing one or more of corrosion, fouling, solvent degradation, or zeolite degradation in an aromatics extraction unit is also described.

Abstract: An integrated biogas cleaning system is provided to clean biogas from sources such as landfills and digesters for heat and power generation systems such as boilers, engines, turbines, or fuel cells. Siloxanes, chlorine, oxygen and sulfur are removed to parts per billion levels as well as removing the majority of water and some volatile organic compounds. The biogas system cools a biogas stream to partially remove contaminants, blends in a small concentration of hydrogen gas and then combusts the remaining oxygen to heat the biogas and leave sufficient hydrogen suitable for a downstream sequence of further contaminant conversion and removal in stages using a hydrodesulfurization bed and adsorbent media beds. Heat exchange arrangements provide efficient recycling of waste heat and compensation for varying levels of oxygen in the incoming biogas waste stream, suitable for use in a wide range of biogas generating sources.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and/or carbon dioxide present in industrial effluent fluid streams. A solid particulate material comprising a slag component, a binder component (distinct from the slag component), and optionally water is formed and then contacted with the effluent fluid stream to reduce at least one of the sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and/or carbon dioxide. The contacting of the effluent stream may occur in a packed bed reactor with the solid dry particulate material. Methods of reducing pollutants from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided.

Abstract: Air treatment catalyst systems and methods for treating the air in the aircraft cabin environment are provided. The catalyst system and method remove ozone, volatile organic compounds, NOx and other pollutants. The catalyst system used to treat the cabin air comprises a plurality of discrete substrates having an ozone abatement catalyst loaded thereon and arranged in a stacked configuration between a source of the air stream and the passenger cabin, the at least the first two substrates adjacent the source of the air stream comprise an iron-based alloy.

Abstract: Plate-shaped composite getter materials for the sorption of gases containing two interpenetrating constituents, a reinforcing component of skeletal framework and a reactive matrix, which form a coherent monolithic structure, a method for producing such composites, and their application in vacuum technology or gas purification are described. A synthetic getter composite of the classical type in the form of a thin monolithic plate with two constituents, a reinforcing framework embedded in a reactive matrix, has been developed. Metallic gauze made of high-melting transitional metals or their alloys is used as a reinforcing constituent and a reactive metal or alloy with a high concentration of this metal is used as the reactive matrix.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a method for purifying a natural gas stream comprising: 1) removing the bulk of CO2 by at least one non-membrane gas separation means; and 2) removing oxygen and other impurities by at least one additional gas separation means, wherein the final natural gas product has low level of CO2 and oxygen.

Abstract: A system and method for the purification of biogas, the system comprising: a gas compressor for increasing the pressure of the biogas for processing; a gas processor for removing any CO2, volatile organic compounds, and H2S, from the gas; an optional biological sulfur removal system for treating offgas from the gas processor; a regenerative thermal oxidizer system for treating gas from the biological sulfur removal system for thermal destruction of volatile organic compounds, H2S, and CH4 slipped from the gas processor; a catalytic oxygen removal system for receiving product gas from the gas processor and removing oxygen from the product gas; and a caustic scrubber for receiving product gas from the catalytic oxygen removal system and neutralizing any acid formed during catalytic oxygen removal.

Abstract: A household appliance includes a container for receiving objects to be treated, an ozone generator having an intake air conduit, and an ozone eliminating device arranged in an exhaust air conduit. The exhaust air conduit is connected to the container and includes a fan for removing exhaust air from the container. The exhaust air conduit is connected to the intake air conduit of the ozone generator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for reducing concentrations of ozone and nitric acid produced in cooling air flowing through a circulating airflow path of a rotary electric machine, the method including: disposing an ozone decomposition unit containing an ozone decomposition catalyst in the circulating airflow path; and allowing the cooling air to pass through the ozone decomposition unit so as to decompose ozone and to suppress production of nitric acid. According to the present invention, the method and device are capable of reducing the concentrations of ozone and nitric acid produced in the cooling air flowing through the circulating airflow path of the rotary electric machine for a long period of time while preventing pressure loss.

Abstract: A CO2 recovery apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: a CO2 absorber that brings flue gas containing CO2 into contact with CO2 absorbing liquid to reduce CO2 in the flue gas; a regenerator that reduces CO2 in CO2 absorbing liquid (rich solvent) that has absorbed the CO2 in the CO2 absorber to regenerate the CO2 absorbing liquid, so that the regenerated absorbing liquid (lean solvent), having CO2 reduced in the regenerator, is reused in the CO2 absorber; a first compressor to a fourth compressor that compress the CO2 gas released from the regenerator; and an O2 reducing apparatus arranged between the second compressor and a second cooler to reduce O2 in the CO2 gas.