Abstract: A method for preparing a layered oxide cathode using a two step calcination procedure, wherein the first step includes pre-calcination utilizing a rotary calciner.

Abstract: Sulfuryl fluoride, which is useful as a fumigant, may be contaminated with sulfur dioxide and possibly other impurities such as sulfuryl chloride, depending on the way it is produced. According to the invention, sulfur dioxide and, if applicable, sulfuryl chloride fluoride are removed from a contaminated sulfuryl fluoride product by using aluminum oxide as an adsorbing agent. The method of the invention is highly advantageous because it eliminates the need to use activated carbon as an additional adsorbent.

Abstract: Acid fluorides, for example carboxylic acid fluorides and sulfuryl fluoride are produced by reacting the corresponding acid chlorides with hydrogen fluoride adducts of ammonium fluoride or amine hydrofluorides (which act as a catalyst or as a fluorination agent). Consumed HF adducts may be regenerated with HF.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for preparing fluorosulfonic acid having low contents of low-boiling compounds in which hydrogen fluoride and sulfur trioxide are combined in stoichiometric amounts in a reaction vessel or by means of a reaction nozzle, the hot, gaseous fluorosulfonic acid that is formed is fed directly into a distillation column, and the fluorosulfonic acid is taken off at the bottom of the column or in the stripping section of the distillation column.

Abstract: A method of preparing sulfuryl fluoride by disproportionation of sulfuryl chloride fluoride in the gas phase on activated carbon.

Abstract: Sulfuryl fluoride is prepared selectively and in a high yield from sulfur dioxide and elemental fluorine in the presence of an alkali fluoride and hydrogen fluoride. The preferred alkali fluoride is potassium fluoride.

Abstract: Sulfuryl fluoride (SO.sub.2 F.sub.2) frequently contains chlorine, sulfur dioxide and other acidic impurities owing to its production. Effective purification is possible if the sulfuryl fluoride is contacted with hydrogen peroxide or a precursor thereof, preferably in an aqueous solution. The purified product is suitable as a pesticidal agent, for example.

Abstract: A process for producing sulfuryl chloride and/or thionyl chloride is disclosed which involves contacting a mixture comprising SO.sub.2 and Cl.sub.2 (e.g., at about 300.degree. C. or less) with carbon having an active metal content of less than 1000 ppm by weight and a high degree of oxidative stability (i.e., a weight loss of about 12%, or less, in the WVC Temperature Test as defined herein).

Abstract: A process for producing sulfuryl chloride and/or thionyl chloride is disclosed which involves contacting a mixture comprising SO.sub.2 and Cl.sub.2 (e.g., at about 300.degree. C. or less) with a silicon carbide catalyst having a surface area of at least 10 m.sup.2 .multidot.g.sup.-1.

Abstract: A process to manufacture high purity thionyl chloride and phosphorus oxychloride utilizing a fluctuating flow of sulfur dioxide. Chlorine, sulfur dioxide, and phosphorus trichloride are reacted in a process that limits the amount of sulfuryl chloride and/or phosphorus trichloride remaining in the product stream. Cl.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 are first reacted to form SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, which, in turn, is reacted with excess PCl.sub.1 to form the products, POCl.sub.3 and SOCl.sub.2. Any excess PCl.sub.3 is then reacted with additional Cl.sub.2 and SO.sub.2 to form additional product. Alternatively, Cl.sub.2, SO.sub.2, and PCl.sub.13 are reacted directly to form POCl.sub.3 and SOCl.sub.2 without the formation of any SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2 intermediate by utilizing a continuous stirred loop reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing basic aluminum compounds having the general formula (1)[Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.x Cl.sub.y (SO.sub.4).sub.z ].sub.n (1)where:n is at least equal to 1x=2-4.0y=2.0-3.40z=0-0.30andx+y+z=6by means of a reaction of alumina with hydrochloric acid, possibly mixed with sulfuric acid. The alumina is caused to react in alumina/acid(s) stoichiometric conditions to obtain the compounds of formula (1). The reaction is carried out by milling alumina in liquid phase under heavy stirring.

Abstract: Many impurities of sulfuryl fluroide are removed by selective adsorption on activated alumina and activated carbon. Thionyl fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, and water are removed by treating contaminated sulfuryl fluoride with activated alumina. Sulfur dioxide and 1,2-dichloroethane are removed by treating contaminated sulfuryl fluoride with activated carbon. When sulfuryl fluoride is treated with the two adsorbents in sequence, sulfuryl fluoride of exceptionally high purity is obtained.

Abstract: A ZrO.sub.2 powder of very fine particle size adapted especially for the making of high density ceramics is produced by chlorinating a zirconium source material, such as zircon sand, to produce crude ZrCl.sub.4 solids; the solids are dissolved to form a ZrOCl.sub.2 solution from which ZrOCl.sub.2 crystals are precipitated; the crystals are dried and milled to a desired particle size; and the crystal particles are subjected to direct oxidation under controlled conditions to produce a very fine ZrO.sub.2 powder especially adapted to the making of high density ceramics.

Abstract: Utilization of a cationic polymer as a settling aid in the recovery of the aluminum hydroxide and an anionic polymer to dewater the aluminum hydroxide prior to redissolution not only improves the process of making basic aluminum compounds by speeding settling and improving filterability, but also unexpectedly yields a product that has superior effectiveness as a water treatment chemical.According to the invention, a dilute solution of alum is neutralized with a base to a pH below about 6.0, preferably below 5.5, to form a suspension of aluminum hydroxide. A cationic polymer is then added to the suspension to assist in the settling of the aluminum hydroxide. When settling is substantially complete, the solution is decanted from the aluminum hydroxide and an anionic polymer is added to dewater the aluminum hydroxide. The dewatered material is collected as a filter cake containing amorphous aluminum hydroxide, the cationic polymer and the anionic polymer.

Abstract: 1,2-dichlorobenzene is isomerized to 1,4-dichlorobenzene in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) at least one of AlCl.sub.3 and AlBr.sub.3 and (b) at least one of iodine, alkaline earth metal halides and sulfates and lanthanide halides. Benzene and/or dichlorobenzene is chlorinated with free chlorine in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising (a) at least one suitable metal halide (preferably AlCl.sub.3, SbCl.sub.5 or FeCl.sub.3) and (b) free iodine and/or at least one organic iodo-compound (preferably methyl iodide of p-iodochlorobenzene), so as to obtain a reaction product comprising 1,4-dichlorobenzene. A preferred catalyst composition comprises (a) at least one of AlCl.sub.3 and AlBr.sub.3, (b) free iodine and (c) at least one of alkaline earth metal halides, alkaline earth metal sulfates and lanthanide halides.

Abstract: An improved process for purifying thionyl chloride by the double distillation of an impure mixture of thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride and sulfur dioxide is disclosed. The double distillation process is conducted in the presence of sulfur to convert sulfur dichloride into sulfur monochloride. The sulfuryl chloride content of the mixture is reduced by contacting the vapor from the reboiler in the first stage distillation with activated carbon prior to fractional distillation in the column. The product of the first stage distillation is then redistilled to produce a thionyl chloride product of high purity.

Abstract: The color level of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol made by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran using fluosulfonic acid as the catalyst is significantly lower if the fluosulfonic acid contains no more than about 1200 ppm of iron sulfites.

Abstract: In the purification of thionyl chloride by addition of sulphur and distillation in the presence of a catalyst, the improvement which comprises effecting the distillation in the presence of an aluminum compound as the catalyst. Advantageously the aluminum compound is aluminum chloride, the sulphur is added in about 2.5 to 7% by weight based on thionyl chloride, the aluminum chloride is in admixture with sulphur monochloride in about 0.01 to 5% by weight calculated as aluminum and based on thionyl chloride, and prior to distillation the mixture of crude thionyl chloride, sulphur and aluminum chloride is heated to between about 50.degree. and 60.degree. C. for about 10 to 60 minutes. The resulting thionyl chloride is of extremely high purity.

Abstract: The use of a supported, metal catalyst in the reaction of Cl.sub.2, HF and SO.sub.2 increases production of sulfuryl fluoride and reduces the formation of by-products relative to charcoal catalysts employed in the prior art. Palladium on carbon catalysts have been found to be particularly active.

Abstract: A process for the purification of crude thionyl chloride wherein the crude thionyl chloride is distilled in the presence of sulfur and a sulfur-aluminum chloride catalyst to convert the impurities, sulfuryl chloride and sulfur dichloride and remove them from the distillate of thionyl chloride. The thionyl chloride collected will contain less than 0.01% sulfuryl chloride, less than 0.1% sulfur monochloride and less than 0.01% sulfur dichloride.

Abstract: Method of inhibiting perspiration with antiperspirant compositions containing trivalent metal salts of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid of the formula:Me (CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3).sub.3wherein Me is aluminum, lanthanum, cerium or didymium obtained by reacting trifluoromethanesulfonic acid with the appropriate metal carbonate or sulfide or by the exchange reaction of the appropriate metal sulfate with barium trifluoromethanesulfonate.

Abstract: Sulfur tetrachloride derivatives are prepared by reacting suitable sulfur-containing compounds in hydrogen fluoride with a gas containing molecular chlorine in the presence of one or more acidic halides. Such derivatives can be used to remove water from its solutions in hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: The compound NF.sub.4 MF.sub.6 where M is a Group V metalloid is reacted with a fluoride of sodium to yield tetrafluorammonium bifluoride in solution with hydrogen fluoride and a precipitate of the formula NaMF.sub.6. The preferred metaloid is antimony. The formed tetrafluorammonium bifluoride may be converted to NF.sub.4 BF.sub.4 by reaction with BF.sub.3.

Abstract: A product mixture resulting from the reaction of an anhydrous gaseous mixture of sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst is heated at a temperature of at least about 35.degree. C. under pressures up to about 65 psi to effect substantial conversion of undesired free chlorine in the resulting product mixture to sulfuryl chlorofluoride. The conversion of free chlorine to sulfuryl chlorofluoride allows the use of a completely anhydrous process from which uncontaminated sulfuryl fluoride and sulfuryl chlorofluoride products can readily be obtained. A method for the production of sulfuryl chlorofluoride from said gaseous mixture is also provided.

Abstract: A method of regenerating the activated charcoal catalyst used in the production of sulfuryl fluoride by reaction of sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen fluoride, comprising treating the spent catalyst with an anhydrous stream of hydrogen fluoride at about 350.degree. to about 600.degree. C.

Abstract: Sulfuryl fluoride is produced by reacting a gaseous mixture of chlorine, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, at a temperature between about 125.degree. and 400.degree. C in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkaline earth metal fluoride.

Abstract: Thionyl chloride electrolyte having less than about 1 ppm water contamination is prepared by mixing dry thionyl chloride solvent with sulfuryl chloride electrolyte having less than about 1 ppm water contamination and then removing the sulfuryl chloride.

Abstract: 1. In the vapor phase reaction of F.sub.2 with a member selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, Cl.sub.2, BrF.sub.3, BR.sub.2 and SF.sub.4, at elevated pressures and temperatures in a chemical reactor, carried out batch-wise so that reactant gases and product gases are permitted to mix; the improvement which comprises increasing the production capacity of the chemical reactor by raising the temperature of the reactor and contents non-uniformly with respect to position in the reactor so that the reactant and product gases are subjected to different temperature zones depending on their position in the reactor, the temperature of at least one of said zones being high enough to initiate and maintain the reaction therein, the temperature differential between at least two zones of different temperature being at least 3% of the maximum temperature attained in the reactor when measured on the Kelvin scale.