Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an 18F-labelled gas selected from the group consisting of 18F-labelled sulphur hexafluoride ([18F]SF6) and 18F-labelled carbon tetrafluoride ([18F]CF4), comprising the steps: a) Filling a target with a gas mixture comprising a fluorinated gas selected from the group consisting of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and carbon tetrafluoride (CF4); b) Irradiating the gas mixture of step a) with protons with energies from 0.1 to 50 MeV. The pharmaceutical composition obtainable by the process and its uses in diagnosis, prognosis and lung function studies based on positron emission tomography (PET) are also claimed.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for the bromine-facilitated synthesis of fluoro-sulfur compounds, that include SF4, SF5Cl, SF5Br and SF6. The methods described herein generally require lower temperature and pressure, produce higher yields, require less time, do not use corrosive or costly reactants and solvents that are commonly used in the synthesis of the fluoro-sulfur compounds, and do not produce deleterious waste products when compared to previously-used methods.

Abstract: A metal organic framework (MOF) includes a coordination product of a metal ion and an at least bidentate organic ligand, where the metal ion and the organic ligand are selected to provide a deliverable adsorption capacity of at least 70 g/l for an electronic gas. A porous organic polymer (POP) includes polymerization product from at least a plurality of organic monomers, where the organic monomers are selected to provide a deliverable adsorption capacity of at least 70 g/l for an electronic gas.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for recovering a re-usable grade of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) from a potentially contaminated gas source. The system includes extraction vessels connected to the potentially contaminated gas source. A first cryogenic means reduces the temperature of the extraction vessel to a temperature below the phase transition of SF6 causing a pressure differential which causes the potentially contaminated gas to enter the extraction vessels. The SF6 turns to liquid and/or solid form in the extraction vessel. Non-condensed contaminant gas is evacuated from the extraction vessels. Recovery vessels are connected to the extraction vessel. A second cryogenic means is used to reduce the temperature of the recovery vessels. Raising the temperature of the extraction vessels creates a pressure differential which causes a re-usable grade of SF6 to enter the recovery vessels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for an energy-efficient improvement in the production of sulfur hexafluoride, and eliminates the generation of other byproducts. The process is an oxidative fluorination of sulfur tetrafluoride by CoF3/F2, where CoF3 is solid stationary phase that can be regenerated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for an energy-efficient improvement in the production of sulfur hexafluoride, and eliminates the generation of other byproducts. The process is an oxidative fluorination of sulfur tetrafluoride by CoF3/F2, where CoF3 is solid stationary phase that can be regenerated.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for continuously producing and pelletizing gas hydrates. The apparatus includes a gas supply unit, a water supply unit and a reactor. Gas and water are respectively supplied from the gas supply unit and the water supply unit into the reactor. The gas and water react with each other in the reactor. The reactor includes a dual cylinder unit which forms a gas hydrate in such a way as to squeeze a slurry of reaction water formed by the reaction between the gas and water. The dual cylinder unit includes an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder and a connection pipe which connects the upper cylinder to the lower cylinder. The connection pipe has passing holes through which the reaction water in the reactor flows into and out of the connection pipe.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for the bromine-facilitated synthesis of fluoro-sulfur compounds, that include SF4, SF5Cl, SF5Br and SF6. The methods described herein generally require lower temperature and pressure, produce higher yields, require less time, do not use corrosive or costly reactants and solvents that are commonly used in the synthesis of the fluoro-sulfur compounds, and do not produce deleterious waste products when compared to previously-used methods.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for recovering a re-usable grade of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) from a potentially contaminated gas source. The system includes extraction vessels connected to the potentially contaminated gas source. A first cryogenic means reduces the temperature of the extraction vessel to a temperature below the phase transition of SF6 causing a pressure differential which causes the potentially contaminated gas to enter the extraction vessels. The SF6 turns to liquid and/or solid form in the extraction vessel. Non-condensed contaminant gas is evacuated from the extraction vessels. Recovery vessels are connected to the extraction vessel. A second cryogenic means is used to reduce the temperature of the recovery vessels. Raising the temperature of the extraction vessels creates a pressure differential which causes a re-usable grade of SF6 to enter the recovery vessels.

Abstract: A process for removing thiothionylfluoride from a composition containing sulfur tetrafluoride and thiothionylfluoride includes contacting the composition with a high surface area material, such as activated carbon. The process can provide purified sulfur tetrafluoride free of thiothionylfluoride. The high surface area material can be replaced for further processing. Alternatively, the material can be regenerated by contacting it with a gas mixture of oxygen and nitrogen at 150-450° C. and converting the adsorbed elemental sulfur to sulfur dioxide without oxidation of the material.

Abstract: Metal surfaces are protected against corrosion by a coating of molecular sieve, notably a zeolite or a phosphate-containing molecular sieve, rendered substantially non-porous by the retention (or addition) of a pore-filling member inside the voids of the molecular sieve crystal structure. Pore-filling agents convenient for use include species typically used as structure-directing agents in the synthesis of zeolites and other molecular sieves. A further aspect of the invention is a method of protecting a metal surface from corrosion by crystallizing a molecular sieve in situ on the metal surface.

Abstract: A method of preparing sulfuryl fluoride by disproportionation of sulfuryl chloride fluoride in the gas phase on activated carbon.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for preparing sulfur hexafluoride by reacting sulfur tetrafluoride with oxygen. The sulfur tetrafluoride is prepared by contacting molten sulfur with a metal fluoride to produce sulfur tetrafluoride and a metal sulfide. In a preferred method, the metal fluoride is regenerated from the metal sulfide by reacting the metal sulfide with hydrofluoric acid in the presence of oxygen. The preferred metal fluorides are the fluorides of copper, silver, mercury and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of uranium tetrafluoride by reduction of gaseous uranium hexafluoride using: (1) sulphur vapor with a minimum of halogen and/or a halide, chosen from among Cl.sub.2, Br.sub.2, S.sub.2 F.sub.2, SCL.sub.2, S.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, and S.sub.2 Br.sub.2 ; or (2) a minimum of one sulphur halide chosen from among S.sub.2 F.sub.2, SCL.sub.2, S.sub.2 CL.sub.2, and S.sub.2 Br.sub.2. The ratio R of the total number of gram-atoms of sulphur present during the reduction reaction to the number of gram-moles of UF.sub.6 is at least 0.6.

Abstract: SF.sub.6 is produced by a pyrolysis of SF.sub.5 Cl obtained by a reaction of sulfur or sulfur chloride with chlorine and an amine/hydrogen fluoride complex or a reaction of sulfur tetrafluoride with chlorine and an amine/hydrogen fluoride complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of high-purity substances and, more specifically, to a process for a fine purification of sulphur hexafluoride from impurities.The process for a fine purification of sulphur hexafluoride comprises purification of sulphur hexafluoride by crystallization at a speed of displacement of the interphase boundary of from 1 to 50 mm/hr at a temperature of from 222.3 to 217.degree. K.; the liquid-phase concentrate formed during crystallization is subjected to sublimation purification under a pressure of from 210 to 1.3-0.13 KPa.The high-purity sulphur hexafluoride is useful in the high-voltage energetics as an insulation and arc-exctinguishing medium, as well as in electronics, laser engineering, metallurgy and medicine.

Abstract: A process for producing sulfur tetrafluoride comprises reacting in the absence or presence of a solvent an amine/hydrogen fluoride complex having the formula:Am . (HF).sub.nwherein Am represents an amine selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic amines and derivatives thereof, and n represents 2-4, with sulfur dichloride, sulfur monochloride or a combination of chlorine and sulfur at a temperature of 0.degree. to 60.degree. C., the molar ratio of said amine/hydrogen fluoride complex to said sulfur dichloride, sulfur monochloride or sulfur being represented by the formula: ##EQU1## wherein n is as defined above, A represents moles of sulfur in said sulfur dichloride, sulfur monochloride or sulfur, and B represents moles of said amine/hydrogen complex.

Abstract: A process for the purification of crude thionyl chloride wherein the crude thionyl chloride is distilled in the presence of sulfur and a sulfur-aluminum chloride catalyst to convert the impurities, sulfuryl chloride and sulfur dichloride and remove them from the distillate of thionyl chloride. The thionyl chloride collected will contain less than 0.01% sulfuryl chloride, less than 0.1% sulfur monochloride and less than 0.01% sulfur dichloride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of recovering the chlorine values from iron chloride obtained from the chlorination of an aluminous material containing iron oxide, such as bauxite. The method involves partially dechlorinating ferric chloride in the presence of a reducing agent to form products comprising ferrous chloride and a chloride compound derived from the reducing agent and oxidizing ferrous chloride at a temperature of about 300.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C. to form products comprising ferric chloride and ferric oxide. The ferric chloride is recycled and the chlorine values are recovered as the chloride of the reducing agent which is suitable for recycle to the aluminous chlorination stage or has other industrial utility.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the reduction of ferric chloride to produce ferrous chloride. The method comprises using gaseous sulphur or a gaseous sulphur chloride in which the atomic ratio of sulphur to chlorine is more than 1:1 as the reducing agent. The reaction is conveniently performed in a fluidised bed. According to a particular aspect, the ferric chloride reduction forms part of a process for the recovery of chlorine values from iron chloride by-produced by industrial processes such as the chlorination of a titaniferrous or aluminous material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the reduction of ferric chloride to produce ferrous chloride. The method involves using as the reducing agent sulphur monochloride optionally in combination with sulphur or sulphur dichloride to produce ferrous chloride and sulphur dichloride. The sulphur monochloride may be introduced as a gas or as a liquid and the reaction is conveniently performed in a fluidized bed. According to a particular aspect, the ferric chloride reduction forms part of a process for the recovery of chlorine values from iron chloride by-produced by industrial processes such as the chlorination of a titaniferous or aluminous material.

Abstract: Process and apparatus are disclosed for the preparation of sulphur hexafluoride of high purity, starting from elemental fluorine and sulphur, both in gaseous phase, and operating with an excess of fluorine, characterized in that the fluorine is fed into a reaction chamber through inlets in a metal plate, maintained at between 30.degree. and 70.degree. C., while the sulphur is fed in through the nozzle of a burner, by regulating a current of an inert gas which is saturated with sulphur by passing same through a zone containing molten sulphur at a temperature between 250.degree. and 500.degree. C., and subsequently superheating the inert gas thus saturated with sulphur to a temperature between 300.degree. and 550.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the recovery of chlorine values from iron chloride by-produced from the chlorination of a titaniferous material containing more than 5% by weight iron oxide, and particularly from the carbo-chlorination of ilmenite, which, for example, can be the first stage in the so-called chloride route to form titanium dioxide pigment.The iron chloride which may be ferric chloride or ferrous chloride is subjected to a combination of reduction and oxidation reactions. In the reduction reaction, ferric chloride is dechlorinated to ferrous chloride by a reducing agent suitable for producing a chloride compound for recycle to the chlorination process or for sale and in the oxidation reaction ferrous chloride is oxidized to ferric oxide and ferric chloride, the ferric chloride being recycled to the reduction reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of sulphur hexafluoride comprising the steps of reacting fluorine and molten sulphur, removing lower-boiling by-products, separating a portion of the sulphur hexafluoride from higher-boiling by-products and treating the residue containing the higher-boiling by-products at a temperature between about 450.degree. and 800.degree. C. for a period of time between about 0.1 and 25 seconds. The treatment step may be carried out in the presence of elementary fluorine, and provision may be made for recycling the treated or untreated residue to the reaction stage. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process, which may be continuous, for preparation of sulfur fluorides by reacting a sulfur chloride component with a fluorine containing component selected from the group consisting of nitrosyl fluoride and nitrosyl fluoride-hydrogen fluoride complex.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of sulphur hexafluoride comprising the steps of reacting fluorine and molten sulphur, removing lower-boiling by-products, separating a portion of the sulphur hexafluoride from higher-boiling by-products and treating the residue containing the higher-boiling by-products at a temperature between about 450.degree. and 800.degree. C. for a period of time between about 0.1 and 25 seconds. The treatment step may be carried out in the presence of elementary fluorine, and provision may be made for recycling the treated or untreated residue to the reaction stage. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the production of disulfur dichloride comprising establishing a molten mass of sulfur at a temperature of about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C, continuously introducing chlorine into said mass at a rate such that there is always an excess of sulfur in said mass, continuously withdrawing disulfur dichloride vapor from above said mass, and condensing said disulfur dichloride vapor. Advantageously the temperature is about 220.degree. to 260.degree. C, the pressure is at or near atmospheric pressure and sulfur and chlorine are added to the molten mass at about the same rate they are withdrawn therefrom in the form of disulfur dichloride. An apparatus is also described.

Abstract: 1. In the vapor phase reaction of F.sub.2 with a member selected from the group consisting of ClF.sub.3, Cl.sub.2, BrF.sub.3, BR.sub.2 and SF.sub.4, at elevated pressures and temperatures in a chemical reactor, carried out batch-wise so that reactant gases and product gases are permitted to mix; the improvement which comprises increasing the production capacity of the chemical reactor by raising the temperature of the reactor and contents non-uniformly with respect to position in the reactor so that the reactant and product gases are subjected to different temperature zones depending on their position in the reactor, the temperature of at least one of said zones being high enough to initiate and maintain the reaction therein, the temperature differential between at least two zones of different temperature being at least 3% of the maximum temperature attained in the reactor when measured on the Kelvin scale.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for the production of sulfur tetrafluoride wherein sulfur tetrachloride or mixtures consisting of sulfur dichloride and chlorine are reacted with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a carbon tetrahalide and subsequently the sulfur tetrafluoride is separated.