Alkaline Earth Metal Containing (mg, Ca, Sr, Or Ba) Patents (Class 423/647)
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Patent number: 11813675Abstract: Provided is an integrated device for preparing magnesium hydride powder and a method for preparing magnesium hydride powder. The device comprises a heating chamber for heating a magnesium-based metal material to produce metal droplets; a powder-making chamber comprising an atomizing means used for atomizing the metal droplets which are then cooled to form a metal powder; and a reaction chamber used for performing a hydrogenation reaction on the metal powder to form the magnesium hydride powder. The device is an integrated structure monolithic with a simple structure and a convenient operation; and the entire process of preparing magnesium hydride powder can be completed in this single device and can realize automated control. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate and produces a product that has a moderate size, uniform particles, and excellent performance.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2018Date of Patent: November 14, 2023Assignee: SHANGHAI MG POWER TECHNOLOGY CO., LTDInventors: Jianxin Zou, Wenjiang Ding
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Patent number: 9543616Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte solution for a magnesium rechargeable battery with a high ionic conductivity and a wide electrochemical window compared to the conventional electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution is prepared by dissolving magnesium metal into the ethereal solution using combinations of metal chloride catalysts. The electrolyte solution can be applied to fabricate magnesium rechargeable batteries and magnesium hybrid batteries with a markedly increased reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycle life compared to those batteries employing the conventional electrolyte solution. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the electrolyte.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2015Date of Patent: January 10, 2017Assignee: KOREA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: Si Hyoung Oh, Byung Won Cho, Kyung Yoon Chung, Joong Kee Lee, Won Young Chang, Jae Hyun Cho, Junghoon Ha
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Patent number: 9120671Abstract: A nanostructure includes a plurality of metal nanoblades positioned with one edge on a substrate. Each of the plurality of metal nanoblades has a large surface area to mass ratio and a width smaller than a length. A method of storing hydrogen includes coating a plurality of magnesium nanoblades with a hydrogen storage catalyst and storing hydrogen by chemically forming magnesium hydride with the plurality of magnesium nanoblades.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2013Date of Patent: September 1, 2015Assignee: Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteInventors: Toh-Ming Lu, Gwo-Ching Wang, Fu Tang, Thomas Parker
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Patent number: 8926861Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrogen-storing composite material which is convertible essentially reversibly between a storing state and a non-storing state, wherein the reaction enthalpy in this conversion reaction can be set in a targeted manner to a value between 15 and 80 kJ/mol of H2, preferably 25 to 40 kJ/mol of H2.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2008Date of Patent: January 6, 2015Assignee: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material—und Küstenforschung GmbHInventors: Nico Eigen, Martin Dornheim, Rüdiger Bormann
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Patent number: 8815207Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of activating or regenerating a hydrogen storage material which contains at least one metal hydride. The at least one metal hydride is brought into contact with an inert solvent and the inert solvent is subsequently removed again. After contacting with and removal of the inert solvent, there is not only an increase in the reaction rate but surprisingly the hydrogenation also proceeds more completely. The present method is particularly advantageous when the hydrogen storage material contains at least components which interact with one another during absorption and desorption.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 2009Date of Patent: August 26, 2014Assignee: GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbHInventors: Gagik Barkhordarian, Claudio Pistidda, Martin Dornheim, Rüdiger Bormann
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Patent number: 8808662Abstract: A process for production of a borohydride compound M(BH4)y. The process has three steps. The first step combines a compound of formula (R1O)yM with aluminum, hydrogen and a metallic catalyst containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, vanadium, tantalum and iron to produce a compound of formula M(AlH3OR1)y, wherein R1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted by at least one alkyl or alkoxy group; M is an alkali metal, Be or Mg; and y is one or two; wherein the catalyst is present at a level of at least 200 ppm based on weight of aluminum. The second step combines the compound of formula M(AlH3OR1)y with a borate, boroxine or borazine compound to produce M(BH4)y and a byproduct mixture containing alkali metal and aluminum aryloxides. The third step separates M(BH4)y from the byproduct mixture.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2011Date of Patent: August 19, 2014Assignees: Rohm and Haas Company, Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Nathan Tait Allen, Robert Butterick, III, Arthur Achhing Chin, Dean Michael Millar, David Craig Molzahn
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Patent number: 8802051Abstract: A process for production of a metal hydride compound MHx, wherein x is one or two and M is an alkali metal, Be or Mg. The process comprises combining a compound of formula (R1O)xM with aluminum, hydrogen and at least one metal selected from among titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, vanadium, tantalum and iron to produce a compound of formula MHx. R1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted by at least one alkyl or alkoxy group. A mole ratio of aluminum to (R1O)xM is from 0.1:1 to 1:1. The catalyst is present at a level of at least 200 ppm based on weight of aluminum.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2011Date of Patent: August 12, 2014Assignees: Rohm and Haas Company, Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Nathan Tait Allen, Robert Butterick, III, Arthur Achhing Chin, Dean Michael Millar, David Craig Molzahn
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Publication number: 20140205535Abstract: Among other things, hydrogen is released from water at a first location using energy from a first energy source; the released hydrogen is stored in a metal hydride slurry; and the metal hydride slurry is transported to a second location remote from the first location.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2014Publication date: July 24, 2014Applicant: Safe Hydrogen, LLCInventors: Andrew W. McClaine, Kenneth S. Brown, JR.
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Patent number: 8758643Abstract: A method of producing magnesium-based hydrides is provided that can enhance production efficiency while securing safety. An Mg ingot including Mg is cut to make a number of Mg flakes. An accumulated matter made by accumulating a number of Mg flakes are compressed and shaped to form a compressed matter of Mg flakes. The compressed matter of Mg flakes is placed in hydrogen gas such that Mg reacts with hydrogen gas, to produce magnesium-based hydrides. Since the Mg flakes have a low risk of explosion, this allows safer production of magnesium-based hydrides. Moreover, compression of the Mg flakes causes distortion in the flakes, which makes it easy for Mg to react with hydrogen gas, allowing enhancement in yield of magnesium-based hydrides.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2009Date of Patent: June 24, 2014Assignee: Bio Coke Lab. Co. LtdInventor: Hiroshi Uesugi
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Publication number: 20130202969Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an anode material which enhances the reversibility of the conversion reaction and the cycle characteristics of lithium secondary batteries. The object is attained by providing a method for producing an anode material that is used in a lithium secondary battery, comprising a mechanical milling step of micronizing a raw material composition containing MgH2 by mechanical milling.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 28, 2011Publication date: August 8, 2013Applicant: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Tomoya Matsunaga, Hideki Nakayama, Makio Kon, Aoi Takano
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Publication number: 20120266863Abstract: The invention is using a hydrogen-containing solid as an energy storage material for naval and stationary uses. The system is designed and analyzed optimally for producing thermal energy necessary to dissociate magnesium hydride which in turn produces the needed hydrogen to operate a fuel-cell and meet the electricity demand. The collected hydrogen is used to power the various energy needs of the Navy as well as of homes. In addition, the solar thermal system may also be used to provide heat to hot water, and other heating needs. The system has an overall energy efficiency between 20% and 30% with both thermal and hydrogen storage capability for overall energy storage and provides smooth energy needs of a building.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 20, 2011Publication date: October 25, 2012Inventors: Surendra Saxena, Yong X. Tao
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Patent number: 8193113Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a complex hydride and a borohydride catalyst wherein the borohydride catalyst comprises a BH4 group, and a group IV metal, a group V metal, or a combination of a group IV and a group V metal. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the composition.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 2010Date of Patent: June 5, 2012Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Grigorii Lev Soloveichik, Matthew John Andrus
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Patent number: 8158101Abstract: A stable, homogeneous dispersion of potassium hydride is formed by reacting a mixture of wax and potassium metal with hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 2010Date of Patent: April 17, 2012Assignee: University of DelawareInventors: Douglass F. Taber, Christopher G. Nelson
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Patent number: 8147796Abstract: As a promising clean fuel for vehicles, hydrogen can be used for propulsion, either directly or in fuel cells. Hydrogen storage compositions having high storage capacity, good dehydrogenation kinetics, and hydrogen release and uptake reactions which are reversible are disclosed and described. Generally a hydrogen storage composition of a metal aluminum hexahydride and a metal amide can be used. A combined system (Li3AIH6/3LiNH2) with a very high inherent hydrogen capacity (7.3 wt %) can be carried out at moderate temperatures, and with approximately 95% of that inherent hydrogen storage capacity (7.0%) is reversible over repeated cycling of release and uptake.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 2007Date of Patent: April 3, 2012Assignee: University of Utah Research FoundationInventors: Jun Lu, Zhigang Zak Fang, Hong Yong Sohn
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Patent number: 8137704Abstract: A method of manufacturing digestible powder that generates a hydride ion (H?) when dissolved in water is provided. A vacuum oven system that can reach 600° C. and 10?5 torr is used within this method. The method according to this current application comprises of ten to eleven steps of vacuuming, heating and hydrogen treatment of coral reef powder. By adding mixtures of magnesium, phosphorus and potassium, the maximum treating temperature and vacuum pressure is lowered. The coral reef powders treated via the ten steps emit hydrogen when dissolved in the water like powders that are treated with a mixture of natural form of magnesium, phosphorus and potassium complex. Those natural form of the magnesium, phosphorous and potassium includes (NH4)MgPO4.6H2O (struvite), MgSO4.KCl.H2O (Kainite), K2SO4.MgSO4.6H2O (Schönite), K2SO4.MgSO4.4H2O (Leonite), and K2SO4.2MgSO4 (Langbeinite).Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2010Date of Patent: March 20, 2012Inventor: Tetsunori Kunimune
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Publication number: 20110236300Abstract: A process for production of a metal hydride compound MHx, wherein x is one or two and M is an alkali metal, Be or Mg. The process comprises combining a compound of formula (R1O)xM with aluminum, hydrogen and at least one metal selected from among titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, vanadium, tantalum and iron to produce a compound of formula MHx. R1 is phenyl or phenyl substituted by at least one alkyl or alkoxy group. A mole ratio of aluminum to (R1O)xM is from 0.1:1 to 1:1. The catalyst is present at a level of at least 200 ppm based on weight of aluminum.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 22, 2011Publication date: September 29, 2011Inventors: Nathan Tait Allen, Robert Butterick, III, Arthur Achhing Chin, Dean Michael Millar, David Craig Molzahn
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Patent number: 7998454Abstract: A first heat treatment is carried out in which a material powder comprising magnesium is kept in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas and the temperature and pressure in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas are maintained in the temperature-pressure region in which single Mg and H2 coexist in a thermodynamically stable state, whereby the coating on the surface of the material powder is removed. Next, a second heat treatment is carried out in which the temperature and pressure in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas are changed and maintained in the temperature-pressure region in which MgH2 exists in a thermodynamically stable state. Hence, Mg from which the coating is removed reacts promptly with H2, and MgH2 is produced at high yield. Magnesium-based hydrides containing high purity MgH2 can thus be obtained by supplying energy less than that required for the related art that requires an activation treatment.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 2008Date of Patent: August 16, 2011Assignees: Bio Coke Lab. Co. Ltd.Inventors: Tomohiro Akiyama, Kouwa Cho, Masahito Satoh, Haruya Hayashi, Taketo Hiraki, Itoko Saita, Hiroshi Uesugi
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Publication number: 20110147651Abstract: A method of producing magnesium-based hydrides is provided that can enhance production efficiency while securing safety. An Mg ingot including Mg is cut to make a number of Mg flakes. An accumulated matter made by accumulating a number of Mg flakes are compressed and shaped to form a compressed matter of Mg flakes. The compressed matter of Mg flakes is placed in hydrogen gas such that Mg reacts with hydrogen gas, to produce magnesium-based hydrides. Since the Mg flakes have a low risk of explosion, this allows safer production of magnesium-based hydrides. Moreover, compression of the Mg flakes causes distortion in the flakes, which makes it easy for Mg to react with hydrogen gas, allowing enhancement in yield of magnesium-based hydrides.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 24, 2009Publication date: June 23, 2011Applicant: Bio Coke Lab. Co.Ltd.Inventor: Hiroshi Uesugi
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Patent number: 7959896Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a system for methods of producing and releasing hydrogen from hydrogen storage compositions having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such a composition comprises a hydride and a hydroxide. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an oxide. A first reaction is conducted between a portion of the hydride and water to generate heat sufficient to cause a second hydrogen production reaction between a remaining portion of the hydride and the hydroxide.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2004Date of Patent: June 14, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Florian O Mertens, Scott W Jorgensen, John J Vajo
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Publication number: 20110104034Abstract: This invention is directed to compositions of matter comprising a hydride ion having a binding energy greater than about 0.8 eV. The claimed hydride ions may be combined with cations, including a proton, to form novel hydrides.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 21, 2008Publication date: May 5, 2011Inventor: Randell L. Mills
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Patent number: 7892521Abstract: The invention provides for the synthesis of a hydride directly from metal and water or metal and hydroxide or metal and aqueous hydrogen chloride. The hydride generated may be used as metal hydride slurry for on-board generation of hydrogen by reaction with water or with aqueous HCl.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2007Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Inventor: Surendra Saxena
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Patent number: 7862791Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage material that is formed by reacting solid precursors (a) and (b). The (a) precursor is a compound containing X—H and Y—H bonds, where X is a Group 13 and Y is a Group 15 element. Preferably X is boron (B—H) and Y is nitrogen (N—H). Most preferably, the precursor (a) is borazane. The (b) precursor is preferably a hydride, such as LiH or LiAlH4. Another feature of the present invention is a novel hydrogen storage composition material that is formed as an intermediate (INT) in the reaction of the (a) with the (b) precursors. The INT hydrogen storage material can be a quaternary B—H—Li—N composition. Other aspects of hydrogen storage materials are provided herein.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2005Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations, Inc.Inventors: Alexandra N. Torgersen, Scott W. Jorgensen, Stacey E. Siporin
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Patent number: 7837976Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to activated aluminum hydride hydrogen storage compositions containing aluminum hydride in the presence of, or absence of, hydrogen desorption stimulants. The invention particularly relates to such compositions having one or more hydrogen desorption stimulants selected from metal hydrides and metal aluminum hydrides. In another aspect, the invention relates to methods for generating hydrogen from such hydrogen storage compositions.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2005Date of Patent: November 23, 2010Assignee: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLCInventors: Gary Sandrock, James Reilly, Jason Graetz, James E. Wegrzyn
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Patent number: 7816413Abstract: A carbon-based foam composite including a carbon-based foam and a solid state hydrogen storage material, methods for making the carbon-based foam composite, and methods for using the carbon-based foam composite. Representative carbon-based foams include cryogels, aerogels, and xerogels. Representative solid state hydrogen storage materials include metal hydrides and chemical hydrides.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 2006Date of Patent: October 19, 2010Assignees: EnerG2, Inc., University of WashingtonInventors: Aaron Feaver, Guozhong Cao
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Patent number: 7754641Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a complex hydride and a borohydride catalyst wherein the borohydride catalyst comprises a BH4 group, and a group IV metal, a group V metal, or a combination of a group IV and a group V metal. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the composition.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2008Date of Patent: July 13, 2010Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Grigorii Lev Soloveichik, Matthew John Andrus
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Publication number: 20100160149Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of activating or regenerating a hydrogen storage material which contains at least one metal hydride. The at least one metal hydride is brought into contact with an inert solvent and the inert solvent is subsequently removed again. After contacting with and removal of the inert solvent, there is not only an increase in the reaction rate but surprisingly the hydrogenation also proceeds more completely. The present method is particularly advantageous when the hydrogen storage material contains at least components which interact with one another during absorption and desorption.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 10, 2009Publication date: June 24, 2010Applicant: GKSS-FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM GEESTHACHT GmbHInventors: GAGIK BARKHORDARIAN, Claudio Pistidda, Martin Dornheim, Rüdiger Bormann
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Patent number: 7665328Abstract: A method for rendering a contaminated biomass inert includes providing a first composition, providing a second composition, reacting the first and second compositions together to form an alkaline hydroxide, providing a contaminated biomass feedstock and reacting the alkaline hydroxide with the contaminated biomass feedstock to render the contaminated biomass feedstock inert and further producing hydrogen gas, and a byproduct that includes the first composition.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2006Date of Patent: February 23, 2010Assignee: Battelle Energy Alliance, LLCInventors: Dennis N. Bingham, Kerry M. Klingler, Bruce M. Wilding
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Patent number: 7618611Abstract: Hydrogen storage materials which are liquid metal alloys in their discharged state, thereby facilitating their recharging by reaction with hydrogen gas.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2005Date of Patent: November 17, 2009Assignee: University of New BrunswickInventor: Gerard Sean McGrady
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Patent number: 7601329Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composition having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such composition comprises a hydride and a hydroxide. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an oxide. The present invention also provides methods of and compositions for regenerating a species of a hydroxide and a hydride material.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2004Date of Patent: October 13, 2009Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations, Inc.Inventors: John J Vajo, Florian O Mertens, Scott W Jorgensen
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Publication number: 20090246112Abstract: This invention is directed to compositions of matter comprising a hydride ion having a binding energy greater than about 0.8 eV. The claimed hydride ions may be combined with cations, including a proton, to form novel hydrides.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 11, 2008Publication date: October 1, 2009Inventor: Randell L. Mills
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Publication number: 20090202413Abstract: This invention describes a complete sequestration of carbon (CO2 and CO) from coal burning plants. In this process, hydrogen can be generated which in turn permits the reduction in the cost of hydride synthesis. The hydrides store hydrogen for on-board application for automobiles and fuel cells. Hydrogen generation and synthesis of hydrides is accomplished by using an integrated approach in which coal is used as a fuel and carbon is sequestered in the process. The CO and or CO2 produced in coal burning power plants and the heat is used when available for producing hydrogen and hydrides. Carbon is used both as a reactant and as a fuel. Economically hydrogen production cost is comparable to or less than the current price of hydrogen produced from fossil-fuel with the added benefit of carbon sequestration and reducing global warming. Specific processes for synthesizing important hydrogen storage materials, hydrides are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 27, 2008Publication date: August 13, 2009Inventor: Surendra Saxena
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Patent number: 7553462Abstract: A method for the production of Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles, by means of polyol-mediated synthesis, from an Mg precursor as well as a base. The particles produced with this method have a diameter between 10 nm to 300 nm, have a mono-disperse particle distribution, and are present in non-agglomerated form. They can be converted to MgO particles by means of calcination.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 2007Date of Patent: June 30, 2009Assignee: K&S AktiengesellschaftInventors: Claus Feldmann, Sascha Ahlert, Jörg-Heino Sachse, Ingo Stahl
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Publication number: 20090142258Abstract: In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a process for cyclic dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation of hydrogen storage materials is provided. The process includes liberating hydrogen from a hydrogen storage material comprising hydrogen atoms chemically bonded to one or more elements to form a dehydrogenated material and contacting the dehydrogenated material with a solvent in the presence of hydrogen gas such that the solvent forms a reversible complex with rehydrogenated product of the dehydrogenated material wherein the dehydrogenated material is rehydrogenated to form a solid material containing hydrogen atoms chemically bonded to one or more elements.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2006Publication date: June 4, 2009Applicant: University of South CarolinaInventors: James A. Ritter, Armin D. Ebner, Jun Wang, Tao Wang, Charles E. Holland
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Patent number: 7537748Abstract: A hydrogen storage matter contains at least a nano-structured and organized lithium imide compound precursor complex. In the hydrogen stroge matter, the lithium imide compound precursor complex has been nano-structured and organized by mixing fine powder lithium amide with fine powder lithium hydride at a predetermined ratio to prepare a mixture as a starting material, and then processing the mixture by a predetermined complex formation processing method.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2006Date of Patent: May 26, 2009Assignees: National University Corporation, Hiroshima University, Taiheiyo Cement CorporationInventors: Hironobu Fujii, Takayuki Ichikawa, Haiyan Leng, Shigehito Isobe, Nobuko Hanada, Toyoyuki Kubokawa, Kazuhiko Tokoyoda, Keisuke Okamoto, Shinkichi Tanabe, Shigeru Matsuura, Kenji Ogawa
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Patent number: 7537747Abstract: A system comprising solid media and a gaseous atmosphere, said solid media having a first condition which is hydrogenated and a second condition which is partially or fully dehydrogenated relative to said first condition, and wherein said gaseous atmosphere comprises nitrogen.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2004Date of Patent: May 26, 2009Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations, Inc.Inventors: Martin S Meyer, Frederick E Pinkerton, Gregory P Meisner
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Publication number: 20090130016Abstract: Provided is a thermionic cathode doped with an increased binding energy hydrogen species and a method of making the doped thermionic cathode.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 21, 2008Publication date: May 21, 2009Inventor: Randell L. Mills
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Publication number: 20090123360Abstract: Compounds are provided comprising at least one neutral, positive, or negative hydrogen species having a binding energy greater than its corresponding ordinary hydrogen species, or greater than any hydrogen species for which the corresponding ordinary hydrogen species is unstable or is not observed. Compounds comprise at least one increased binding energy hydrogen species and at least one other atom, molecule, or ion other than an increased binding energy hydrogen species. One group of such compounds contains one or more increased binding energy hydrogen species selected from the group consisting of Hn, Hn?, and Hn+ where n is an integer from one to three.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 18, 2008Publication date: May 14, 2009Inventor: Randell L. Mills
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Patent number: 7521036Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composition having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such composition comprises a hydride and a hydroxide. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an oxide. The present invention also provides methods of producing hydrogen, including for mobile fuel cell device applications.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2004Date of Patent: April 21, 2009Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: John J Vajo, Florian O Mertens, Scott W Jorgensen
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Publication number: 20090010836Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for preparing hydrogen storage materials using low boiling point solvents or reaction media. Examples of such solvents or reaction media include dimethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, epoxyethane, and trimethylamine. The synthesis of the hydrogen storage materials is conducted is a selected medium, and after synthesis is complete, the reaction medium is removed as necessary by moderate heating.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2008Publication date: January 8, 2009Applicant: HSM Systems, Inc.Inventors: Gerard Sean McGrady, Craig M. Jensen
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Patent number: 7462344Abstract: The invention provides a method of reversibly storing hydrogen at industrially practicable temperature and pressure conditions. A stable hydrogen storage hydride is mixed with a destabilizing hydride. The stable hydride is capable of releasing hydrogen at a first energy level. When the stable hydride is in the presence of the destabilizing hydride, the stable hydride releases hydrogen at a second energy level. The second energy level is significantly reduced from the first energy level.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 2007Date of Patent: December 9, 2008Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations, Inc.Inventors: John J. Vajo, Florian O. Mertens, Sky Skeith, Michael P. Balogh, Frederick E. Pinkerton, Martin S. Meyer
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Publication number: 20080279762Abstract: A first heat treatment is carried out in which a material powder comprising magnesium is kept in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas and the temperature and pressure in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas are maintained in the temperature-pressure region in which single Mg and H2 coexist in a thermodynamically stable state, whereby the coating on the surface of the material powder is removed. Next, a second heat treatment is carried out in which the temperature and pressure in the atmosphere of hydrogen gas are changed and maintained in the temperature-pressure region in which MgH2 exists in a thermodynamically stable state. Hence, Mg from which the coating is removed reacts promptly with H2, and MgH2 is produced at high yield. Magnesium-based hydrides containing high purity MgH2 can thus be obtained by supplying energy less than that required for the related art that requires an activation treatment.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 7, 2008Publication date: November 13, 2008Inventors: Tomohiro Akiyama, Kouwa Cho, Masahito Satoh, Haruya Hayashi, Taketo Hiraki, Itoko Saita, Hiroshi Uesugi
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Patent number: 7344690Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composition having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such composition comprises an amide and a hydride. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an imide.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 2004Date of Patent: March 18, 2008Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: Gregory P Meisner, Frederick E Pinkerton, Martin S Meyer, Michael P Balogh, Matthew D Kundrat
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Patent number: 7316788Abstract: The invention relates to materials for storing and releasing hydrogen and methods for preparing and using same. The materials exhibit fast release rates at low release temperatures and are suitable as fuel and/or hydrogen sources for a variety of applications such as automobile engines.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 2004Date of Patent: January 8, 2008Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: Thomas S. Autrey, Anna Gutowska, Yongsoon Shin, Liyu Li
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Patent number: 7294323Abstract: A method of producing a chemical hydride is described and which includes selecting a composition having chemical bonds and which is capable of forming a chemical hydride; providing a source of a hydrocarbon; and reacting the composition with the source of the hydrocarbon to generate a chemical hydride.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 2004Date of Patent: November 13, 2007Assignee: Battelle Energy Alliance, LLCInventors: Kerry M. Klingler, William T. Zollinger, Bruce M. Wilding, Dennis N. Bingham, Kraig M. Wendt
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Patent number: 7128997Abstract: Representative embodiments provide for a fuel activation device including a fuel storage chamber configured to store a plurality of fuel pellets arranged as a stack. A fuel dispensing device is configured to transport a fuel pellet to a fuel activation chamber. A spring is configured to advance the fuel pellets toward the fuel dispensing device as one or more fuel pellets are removed from the stack. A fuel initiator is configured to activate a release of hydrogen gas from the transported fuel pellet. The fuel activation device is configured to provide the hydrogen gas to a fuel cell through a gas vent. A method is provided including providing a plurality of fuel pellets arranged as a spring-loaded stack, transporting a fuel pellet from the stack, activating a release of hydrogen gas from the transported fuel pellet, and providing the hydrogen gas to a fuel cell.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2003Date of Patent: October 31, 2006Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Inventors: Philip H. Harding, Louis C. Barinaga, John C. Greeven, Paul H. McClelland, Joseph W. Tsang, Makarand Gore
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Patent number: 6967012Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composition having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such composition comprises an amide and a hydride. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an imide.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2003Date of Patent: November 22, 2005Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: Gregory P. Meisner, Frederick E. Pinkerton, Martin S. Meyer, Michael P. Balogh, Matthew D. Kundrat
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Patent number: 6680042Abstract: Disclosed is a method for rapidly carrying out a hydrogenation of a material capable of absorbing hydrogen. It was discovered that when a powder of a material capable of absorbing hydrogen is ground under a hydrogen pressure, not at room temperature but at a higher temperature (about 300° C. in the case of magnesium) and in the presence of a hydrogenation activator such as graphite and optionally a catalyst, it is possible to transform completely the powder of this material into a hydride. Such a transformation is achieved in a period of time less than 1 hour whereas the known methods call for periods of time as much as 10 times longer. This is an unexpected result which gives rise to a considerable reduction in the cost of manufacture of an hydride, particularly MgH2.Type: GrantFiled: November 7, 2000Date of Patent: January 20, 2004Assignee: Hydro-QuebecInventors: Robert Schulz, Salim Bouaricha, Jacques Huot, Daniel Guay
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Patent number: 6478844Abstract: A method for making a hydrided hydrogen storage alloy powder from component material. In the present method a material is worked at the same time it is hydrided. Working preferably involves comminution of the material.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1999Date of Patent: November 12, 2002Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.Inventor: Stanford R. Ovshinsky
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Patent number: 6342198Abstract: A hydrogen storage composition has a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state; in the hydrogenated state the composition comprises a metallic hydride having a metallic component which reversibly forms the hydride and a metallic heat transfer medium in intimate contact with the hydride which transfers heat to the hydride for dehydrogenation; in use hydrogen is liberated from the composition with transfer of heat to the heat transfer medium, the hydrogenated state may be regenerated by exposing the composition in a dehydrogenated state to hydrogen gas. In this way a source of hydrogen gas is provided which source may be regenerated.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 2000Date of Patent: January 29, 2002Assignee: McGill UniversityInventors: Alicja Zaluska, Leszek Zaluski, John Olaf Ström-Olsen
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Publication number: 20010051130Abstract: Dry homogenized metal hydrides, in particular aluminum hydride compounds, as a material for reversible hydrogen storage is provided. The reversible hydrogen storage material comprises a dry homogenized material having transition metal catalytic sites on a metal aluminum hydride compound, or mixtures of metal aluminum hydride compounds. A method of making such reversible hydrogen storage materials by dry doping is also provided and comprises the steps of dry homogenizing metal hydrides by mechanical mixing, such as be crushing or ball milling a powder, of a metal aluminum hydride with a transition metal catalyst. In anotehr aspect of the invention, a method of powering a vehicle apparatus with the reversible hydrogen storage material is provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 2, 1999Publication date: December 13, 2001Inventors: CRAIG M. JENSEN, RAGAIY A. ZIDAN