Abstract: A zeolite having the ferrierite framework structure is produced using one or more of n-propylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, and n-amylamine as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: Methods of forming mesoporous zeolites with tunable pore widths are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes mixing a silicon-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and at least a quaternary amine to produce a zeolite precursor solution. The zeolite precursor solution is pre-crystallized at a pre-crystallization temperature of greater than 125° C. and autogenous pressure to form a pre-crystallized zeolite precursor solution and combined with two or more distinct organosilane mesopore templates to produce a zeolite precursor gel. The zeolite precursor gel is crystallized to produce a crystalline zeolite intermediate and the crystalline zeolite intermediate is calcined to produce the mesoporous zeolite.

Abstract: Methods of forming mesoporous zeolites with tunable pore widths are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes mixing a silicon-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and at least a quaternary amine to produce a zeolite precursor solution. The zeolite precursor solution is pre-crystallized at a pre-crystallization temperature of greater than 125° C. and autogenous pressure to form a pre-crystallized zeolite precursor solution and combined with an organosilane mesopore template to produce a zeolite precursor gel. The zeolite precursor gel is crystallized without a previous discrete functionalization step to produce a crystalline zeolite intermediate and the crystalline zeolite intermediate is calcined to produce the mesoporous zeolite. An organosilane mesopore template in accordance with is also provided, where R is an aliphatic, aromatic, or heteroatom-containing group.

Abstract: A CHA-type zeolite has a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 10.0 or more and less than 20.0 and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 0.50×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of 20.0 or more and 35.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.10×10?2 or less, a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 35.0 and 45.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.65×10?2 or less, or a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than 45.0 and 55.0 or less and a molar ratio of silanol groups to silicon of 0.15×10?2 or more and 1.80×10?2 or less.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for precursors and for the synthesis of zeolites. The invention makes use of intimately homogeneous precursors which avoid the formation of a difficult to work with gel stage in zeolite formation. This allows for the synthesis of zeolite in a much shorter period of time and with much lower amounts of structure directing agents.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of enhancing the catalytic activities of 8-MR zeolites, the methods comprising treating a precursor 8-MR zeolite that has been prepared without the use of an organic structure directing agent and having an Si/Al ratio of less than 5, with high temperature steam for a period of time sufficient to extract at least a portion of the aluminum from the precursor zeolite framework to form a steam-treated zeolite having an Si/tetrahedral Al ratio of greater than 5, wherein the steam has a temperature in a range of from about 350° C. to about 850° C. The compositions produced by these methods and their use in catalytic reactions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing MWW type zeolite; said method comprising i) intimately mixing together, in the absence of any organic structure directing agent or crystalline MWW type zeolite seeds, a predetermined quantity of a source of silicon dioxide, a source of metal oxide, water and a pH modifier to obtain an aqueous amorphous metallosilicate gel; and ii) hydrothermally treating said gel in the presence of an organic templating agent to provide a crystalline MWW type zeolite.

Abstract: A new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-96 is disclosed. SSZ-96 is synthesized using a 1-butyl-1-methyl-octahydroindolium cation as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: An SCR catalyst using a ?-zeolite in which the molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 is from 20 to less than 40, the particle diameter determined by SEM is 0.35 ?m or more, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the X-ray diffraction peak for (302) is less than 0.30°, and the amount of adsorbed NH3 is 1 mmol/g or more, or has an amount of adsorbed NH3 following hydrothermal aging of 0.4 mmol/g or more, demonstrates high catalytic activity for NOx reduction at low temperatures following hydrothermal aging while also demonstrating a low level of discharge of irritating ammonia in exhaust gas.

Abstract: ZSM-18 is synthesized from a mixture comprising water, a source of an oxide of a tetravalent element (Y), a source of an oxide of a trivalent element (X), a source of a first cation Q selected from either butamethonium cations or N,N,N,-trimethyl-N-butylammonium cations and a source of at least one second cation M, wherein the second cation M is selected from lithium, strontium, sodium, tetraalkylammonium and mixtures thereof when the first cation, Q is butamethonium cations, and wherein the second cation M is tetramethylammonium when the first cation Q is N,N,N,-trimethyl-N-butylammonium cations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a titanium silicalite molecular sieve, wherein the crystal grain of the titanium silicalite molecular sieve has a ratio of (surface Si/Ti ratio):(bulk Si/Ti ratio) being larger than 1.1 and less than 5.

Abstract: Process for the direct synthesis of Cu-SAPO-34 comprising at least the following steps: preparation of a mixture containing water, at least one silicon source, at least one Al source, at least one P source, at least one Cu source, at least one OSDA1 (where OSDA1 is any polyamine), and at least one OSDA2 (where OSDA2 is any organic molecule capable of directing the synthesis of the SAPO-34); and where the final synthesis mixture has the next molar composition: a Si:0.5 Al:b P:c Cu:d OSDA1:e OSDA2:f H20 wherein a is in the range from 0.01 to 0.3; wherein b is in the range from 0.2 to 0.49; wherein c is in the range from 0.001 to 0.6; wherein d is in the range from 0.001 to 0.6; wherein e is in the range from 0.001 to 2; wherein f is in the range from 1 to 200; hydrothermal treatment of the mixture at 80-200° C. until formation of the crystalline material, and recovery of the crystal-line material.

Abstract: CHA-type molecular sieves are prepared using a N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantammonium cation structure directing agent in conjunction with a N,N-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylpiperidinium cation structure directing agent.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-67 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMm2+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the ETMA+ or DEDMA+, M is a framework metal alkaline earth or transition metal of valence 2+, and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The AlPO-67 compositions exhibit the LEV framework topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that has been designated UZM-43. These zeolites are similar to previously known ERS-10, SSZ-47 and RUB-35 zeolites but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Catalysts made from these zeolites are useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of zeolites having CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n Si02):X203, wherein X is a trivalent element, and wherein n is at least 10, the process comprising (i) preparation of an aqueous solution containing at least one source for X203, wherein X is selected from Al, B, Ga, and a mixture of two or more, and at least one source for Si02, at least one organic structure directing agent (SDA) other than Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), acting as a template for the CHA structure, and Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), wherein the SDA or mixtures thereof are employed in such amounts that the aqueous solution in (i) exhibits a molar ratio of SDA:TMAOH of 0.01 to 5; (ii) hydrothermal crystallization of the aqueous solution according to (i); wherein the aqueous solution of (i) contains copper in an amount less than 0.005 Cu:((n O2):X2O3) where n is in the range of 10 to 50.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-57 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMmn+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the DEDMA+, M is a divalent framework metal such as an alkaline earth or transition metal, and E is a framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The microporous AlPO-57 compositions are characterized by a new unique ABC-6 net structure and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: A crystalline molecular sieve of MFS framework type manufactured by the method disclosed herein. A hydrocarbon conversion process using the crystalline molecular sieve is disclosed.

Abstract: A porous crystalline silico-alumino-phosphate molecular sieve is described. The molecular sieve has a framework composition on an anhydrous and calcined basis expressed by an empirical formula (SixAlyPz)O2 where x is the mole fraction of Si and has a value from 0.001 to about 0.5, y is the mole fraction of Al and has a value of at least 0.01, z is the mole fraction of P has a value of at least 0.01, and x+y+z=1, where the molecular sieve is characterized as having a LTA framework with an average crystal size of less than 5 micrometers. Methods of making the molecular sieves are also described.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that has been designated UZM-43. These zeolites are similar to previously known ERS-10, SSZ-47 and RUB-35 zeolites but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Catalysts made from these zeolites are useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: A porous crystalline nano metallo-alumino-phosphate molecular sieve is described. The molecular sieve has a framework composition on an anhydrous and calcined basis expressed by an empirical formula (ElxAlyPz)O2 wherein El is silicon, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, chromium, or combinations thereof, where x is the mole fraction of El and has a value from 0.001 to about 0.5, y is the mole fraction of Al and has a value of at least 0.01, z is the mole fraction of P has a value of at least 0.01, and x+y+z=1, where the molecular sieve is characterized as having a LEV framework and nano octahedral crystals with an average crystal size of less than 700 nm. Methods of making the molecular sieves, and methods of using the molecular sieves are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing CHA-type molecular sieves using a colloidal aluminosilicate composition containing at least one cyclic nitrogen-containing cation suitable as directing agents for synthesizing CHA-type molecular sieves.

Abstract: An aspect of the invention relates to a method of synthesizing a crystalline molecular sieve having an MSE framework type, the method comprising crystallizing a reaction mixture comprising a source of water, a source of an oxide of a tetravalent element, Y, selected from at least one of silicon, tin, titanium, vanadium, and germanium, optionally but preferably a source of a trivalent element, X, a source of an alkali or alkaline earth metal, M, a source of a tetraethylammonium cation, Q1, and optionally a source of a second organic cation, Q2, which can include a cyclic nitrogen-containing ammonium cation.

Abstract: A subject for the invention is to provide a highly heat-resistant SCR catalyst which has an NOx reduction percentage of 40% or higher at 200° C. after a hydrothermal durability treatment. The invention relates to use of ?-type zeolite which has an SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of 20 or higher but less than 30 and a crystallite diameter before a hydrothermal durability treatment of 20 nm or larger, shows a change in crystallite through the hydrothermal durability treatment of less than 10%, and has a fluorine content lower than 0.1%. The ?-type zeolite can be crystallized from a liquid reaction mixture containing a secondary and/or a tertiary alkylamine having 5 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: There is disclosed a highly crystalline, small crystal, ferrierite zeolite prepared from a gel containing a source of silica, alumina, alkali metal and a combination of two templating agents. The resulting material includes ferrierite crystals having a particle size of about or less than about 200 nm. The desired crystal size can be achieved by using a specific composition of the gel. The purity of the material and the crystal size was determined by using X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The material has excellent surface area and micropore volume as determined by nitrogen adsorption.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a copper containing zeolitic material having CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n YO2):X203 wherein X is a trivalent element, preferably Al, Y is a tetravalent element, preferably Si, and wherein n is preferably at least 20. The process comprising the preparation of an phosphor-free aqueous solution containing at least one source for X203 and at least one source for YO2, at least one structure directing agent suitable for the preparation of a zeolitic material having CHA framework structure, and at least one Cu source, and the process further comprising the hydrothermal crystallization of said aqueous solution obtaining a suspension containing the copper containing zeolitic material having CHA framework structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an artificial zeolite. The method includes the steps of: heating a waste insulator to form a molten insulator; quenching and pulverizing the molten insulator; and heat treating the quenched and pulverized insulator in an alkaline aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanocomposite materials comprising: graphite-based material dispersed among transition metal-organic framework (MOF) units, wherein the graphite-based material is chemically linked to MOF units; wherein the graphite-based material is present in the range of about 5 wt. % to about 60 wt. % of the composite material.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-57 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMmn+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the DEDMA+, M is a divalent framework metal such as an alkaline earth or transition metal, and E is a framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The microporous AlPO-57 compositions are characterized by a new unique ABC-6 net structure and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid acid catalyst using industrial waste such as an insulator, optical fiber, and tip material is provided. The raw material contains a template agent, a compound having a formula of R14COR15, where R14 and R15 are alkyl groups, a silicon-containing inorganic compound, an aluminum-containing inorganic compound, and water with a weight ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 of at least 1,000. The raw material is heat treated in a closed chamber (a first heat treatment), and heat treated in an atmosphere containing oxygen (a second heat treatment).

Abstract: The present invention is a method that perturbs the initial crystallization of a material from a less desired phase into a more desired phase. More specifically, the present invention is a method to form a different crystallization of a zeolite, mesoporous material, SAPO4, AlPO4 or porous inorganic oxide after the hydrothermal synthesis has started and a precursor crystalline phase has formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing molecular sieve SSZ-23 using a mixture of an N,N,N-trialkyl adamantammonium cation structure directing agent and an N,N?-dialkyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane dication.

Abstract: A mesoporous oxide composition includes, other than oxygen, a major amount of aluminum and lesser amounts of phosphorus and at least one rare earth element. The compositions have high surface area and excellent thermal and hydrothermal stability, with a relatively narrow pore size distribution in the mesoporous range. These compositions may be prepared by a hydrothermal co-precipitation method using an organic templating agent. These mesoporous oxide compositions may be used as catalysts or as supports for catalysts, for example, in a fluid catalytic cracking process.

Abstract: A titanium silicate variant named UPRM-5 was prepared using tetraethylammonium hydroxide as a structure-directing agent (SDA). Successful detemplation was achieved via ion exchange with NH4Cl. Effective functionalization was obtained after ion exchanging the detemplated material using SrCl2 and BaCl2. Adsorption of CO2 at 25° C. in Sr- and Ba-UPRM-5 materials activated at different temperatures. For low partial pressures, the observed CO2 adsorption capacities increased as follows: NH4-UPRM-5<Sr-UPRM-5<Ba-UPRM-5. Both the Sr- and Ba-UPRM-5 materials exhibited outstanding selectivity for CO2 over CH4, N2 and O2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of zeolites having B-CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n SiO2):B2O3, wherein n is at least 10, the process comprising (i) preparation of an aqueous solution containing at least one source for B2O3, at least one source for SiO2, at least one source of seeding crystals of chabazite structure, at least one organic structure directing agent (SDA) other than Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), acting as a template for the B-CHA structure, and Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), wherein the SDA or mixtures thereof are employed in such amounts that the aqueous solution in (i) exhibits a molar ratio of SDA:TMAOH of 0.

Abstract: Methods for forming zeolites having a substantially uniform distribution of zeolitic crystallites are provided. In a method, a source of microscopically homogeneous amorphous silica alumina is prepared. Pores in the microscopically homogeneous amorphous silica alumina are filled with a crystallization agent. Then, the microscopically homogeneous amorphous silica alumina is converted to a zeolite with a substantially uniform distribution of zeolitic crystallites.

Abstract: A suite of polymer/zeolite nanocomposite membranes. The polymer backbone is preferably a film forming fluorinated sulfonic acid containing copolymer, such as a Teflon type polymer, a perfluorinated polymer, or a perfluorinated polymer with sulfonic groups. The zeolites formed in accordance with the present invention and which are used in the membranes are plain, phenethyl functionalized and acid functionalized zeolite FAU(Y) and BEA nanocrystals. The zeolite nanocrystals are incorporated into polymer matrices for membrane separation applications like gas separations, and in polymer-exchange-membrane fuel cells. For the purpose of developing zeolite-polymer nanocomposite membranes, the zeolite nanocrystals are size-adjustable to match the polymer-network dimensions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing CHA-type molecular sieves using at least one cationic 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-based structure directing agent in conjunction with at least one cationic cyclic nitrogen-containing structure directing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of zeolites having CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n SiO2):X2O3, wherein X is a trivalent element, and wherein n is at least 10, the process comprising (i) preparation of an aqueous solution containing at least one source for X2O3, wherein X is selected from Al, B, Ga, and a mixture of two or more, and at least one source for SiO2, at least one organic structure directing agent (SDA) other than Tetrame-thylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), acting as a template for the CHA structure, and Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), wherein the SDA or mixtures thereof are employed in such amounts that the aqueous solution in (i) exhibits a molar ratio of SDA:TMAOH of 0.01 to 5; (ii) hydrothermal crystallization of the aqueous solution according to (i); wherein the aqueous solution of (i) contains copper in an amount less than 0.005 Cu:((n YO2)+X2O3) where n is in the range of 10 to 50.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new family of crystalline microporous zeolite designated the UZM-29 family. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula: Mmn+R+rAl1-xExSiyOz UZM-29 has the PHI structure type topology but is thermally stable up to a temperature of at least 350° C. The UZM-29 family of zeolite can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion processes such as, isomerization of butane.

Abstract: A method of making a crystalline molecular sieve of MFS framework type, said method comprising the steps of (a) adding at least one source of ions of tetravalent element (Y), at least one source of ions of trivalent element (X), at least one hydroxide source (OH?), at least one structure-directing-agent (R), at least one seed source (Seed), and water (H2O) to form a mixture having the following mole composition (expressed in term of oxide): YO2:(n)X2O3:(x)OH?:(y)R:(z)H2O+(m)Seed wherein the m is in the range of from about 10 wtppm to about 2 wt. % (based on total weight of the synthesis mixture), the n is in the range of from about 0.005 to 0.05, the x is in the range of from about 0.01 to about 0.3, the y is in the range of from about 0.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. Mmn+Rr+Al(1?x)ExSiyOz where M represents a combination of potassium and sodium exchangeable cations, R is a singly charged organoammonium cation such as the propyltrimethylammonium cation and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to MWW but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A zeolite membrane production apparatus is provided having a reaction container having a support insertion opening for insertion of tubular supports and which houses a reaction solution for formation of zeolite membranes on the surfaces of the supports, a heating means for heating the reaction solution through the reaction container, and a supporting apparatus provided on the reaction container in a freely detachable manner and which supports a plurality of the supports. The inner wall surface of the reaction container has two mutually parallel flat surfaces, the supporting apparatus has a plurality of supporting sections that anchor one end of each of the plurality of supports, and the plurality of supporting sections are provided in the supporting apparatus such that when the supporting apparatus is set in the reaction container, each of the plurality of supports is disposed between the two flat surfaces and parallel to the two flat surfaces.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitic compositions, UZM-35 compositions, has been synthesized. These zeolitic compositions are represented by the empirical formula. Mmn+Rr+Al1-xExSiyOz where M represents a combination of potassium and sodium exchangeable cations, R is a singly charged organoammonium cation such as the dimethyldipropylammonium cation and E is a framework element such as gallium. These compositions comprise a MSE zeolite, a MFI zeolite and an ERI zeolite. The compositions are similar to MCM-68 but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: The synthesis of a crystalline aluminophosphate or silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve having a chabazite-type framework type is conducted in the presence of an organic directing agent having the formula (I) [R1R2R3N—R4]+X???(I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R4 is selected from the group consisting of 4- to 8-membered cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; 4- to 8-membered heterocyclic groups having from 1 to 3 heteroatoms, said heterocyclic groups being optionally substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the heteroatoms in said heterocyclic groups being selected from the group consisting of O, N, and S; and aromatic groups optionally substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl groups, said alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and X? is an anion.

Abstract: Crystalline molecular sieves are prepared using a mixture comprising an organic structure directing agent capable of forming the molecular sieve, and an N,N,N-trialkyl benzyl quaternary ammonium cation.

Abstract: A catalyst for converting methanol to light olefins and the process for making and using the catalyst are disclosed and claimed. SAPO-34 is a specific catalyst that benefits from its preparation in accordance with this invention. A seed material is used in making the catalyst that has a higher content of the EL metal than is found in the principal part of the catalyst. The molecular sieve has predominantly a roughly rectangular parallelepiped morphology crystal structure with a lower fault density and a better selectivity for light olefins.

Abstract: A catalyst for converting methanol to light olefins and the process for making and using the catalyst are disclosed and claimed. SAPO-34 is a specific catalyst that benefits from its preparation in accordance with this invention. A seed material is used in making the catalyst that has a higher content of the EL metal than is found in the principal part of the catalyst. The molecular sieve has predominantly a roughly rectangular parallelepiped morphology crystal structure with a lower fault density and a better selectivity for light olefins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of zeolites having B-CHA framework structure and a composition comprising the molar ratio (n SiO2):B2O3, wherein n is at least 10, the process comprising (i) preparation of an aqueous solution containing at least one source for B2O3, at least one source for SiO2, at least one source of seeding crystals of chabazite structure, at least one organic structure directing agent (SDA) other than Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), acting as a template for the B-CHA structure, and Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH), wherein the SDA or mixtures thereof are employed in such amounts that the aqueous solution in (i) exhibits a molar ratio of SDA:TMAOH of 0.01 to 5; (ii) hydrothermal crystallization of the aqueous solution according to (i); wherein the ratio of the [molar ratio (SiO2:B2O3)] of the gel composition:[molar ratio (SiO2:B2O3)] of the crystalline product having the chabazite structure is greater than 0.5.